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6. Cardiac output and renal function during insulin hypertension in Sprague-Dawley rats

Author

Brands, Michael W., Lee, William F., Keen, Henry L., Alonso, Galicia, Magdalena, Zappe, Dion H., and Hall, John E.

Subjects
Hypertension -- Physiological aspects, Rats -- Physiological aspects, Biological sciences
Abstract

Chronic insulin infusion in Sprague-Dawley rats caused an increase in mean arterial pressure, cardiac output, total peripheral resistance and heart rate. It had no effect on sodium balance even at elevated arterial pressure. It is suggested that insulin hypertension is marked by changes in cardiac output and renal function in rats.

Published
1996

8. Prior Medications and the Cardiovascular Benefits From Combination Angiotensin‐Converting Enzyme Inhibition Plus Calcium Channel Blockade Among High‐Risk Hypertensive Patients

Author

Brook, Robert D., primary, Kaciroti, Niko, additional, Bakris, George, additional, Dahlöf, Björn, additional, Pitt, Bertram, additional, Velazquez, Eric, additional, Weber, Michael, additional, Zappe, Dion H., additional, Hau, Tsushung, additional, and Jamerson, Kenneth A., additional

Published
2018
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11. Cardiovascular Outcomes According to Systolic Blood Pressure in Patients With and Without Diabetes: An ACCOMPLISH Substudy

Author

Weber, Michael A., primary, Bloch, Michael, additional, Bakris, George L., additional, Weir, Matthew R., additional, Zappe, Dion H., additional, Dahlof, Bjorn, additional, Velazquez, Eric J., additional, Pitt, Bertram, additional, Basile, Jan N., additional, Jamerson, Kenneth, additional, and Hua, Tsushung A., additional

Published
2016
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14. Changes in Aortic Pulse Wave Velocity in Hypertensive Postmenopausal Women: Comparison Between a Calcium Channel Blocker vs Angiotensin Receptor Blocker Regimen

Author

Hayoz, Daniel, Zappe, Dion H., Meyer, Marie A.R., Baek, InYoung, Kandra, Albert, Joly, Marie P., Mazzolai, Lucia, Haesler, Erik, and Periard, Daniel

Subjects
Male, Tetrazoles, Blood Pressure, Valine, Middle Aged, Pulse Wave Analysis, Calcium Channel Blockers, Original Papers, Postmenopause, Vascular Stiffness, Double-Blind Method, Hypertension, Humans, Valsartan, Female, Amlodipine, Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers, Aged
Abstract

J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2012;14:773–778. ©2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Postmenopausal women are at greater risk for hypertension‐related cardiovascular disease. Antihypertensive therapy may help alleviate arterial stiffness that represents a potential modifiable risk factor of hypertension. This randomized controlled study investigated the difference between an angiotensin receptor blocker and a calcium channel blocker in reducing arterial stiffness. Overall, 125 postmenopausal hypertensive women (age, 61.4±6 years; systolic blood pressure/diastolic blood pressure [SBP/DBP], 158±11/92±9 mm Hg) were randomized to valsartan 320 mg±hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) (n=63) or amlodipine 10 mg±HCTZ (n=62). The primary outcome was carotid‐to‐femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) changes after 38 weeks of treatment. Both treatments lowered peripheral blood pressure (BP) (−22.9/−10.9 mm Hg for valsartan and −25.2/−11.7 mm Hg for amlodipine, P=not significant) and central BP (−15.7/−7.6 mm Hg for valsartan and −19.2/−10.3 mm Hg for amlodipine, P

Published
2012

17. Influence of Age and Race on 24-Hour Ambulatory Blood Pressure Responses to Valsartan, Hydrochlorothiazide, and Their Combination: Implications for Clinical Practice.

Author

Izzo, Joseph L., Jia, Yan, and Zappe, Dion H.

Subjects
AGE distribution, BLACK people, COMBINATION drug therapy, COMPARATIVE studies, HYPERTENSION, ANTIHYPERTENSIVE agents, RESEARCH methodology, MEDICAL cooperation, RESEARCH, WHITE people, EVALUATION research, TREATMENT effectiveness, BLIND experiment, HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE, THERAPEUTICS
Abstract

The effects of race and age on 24-hour mean ambulatory systolic blood pressure (maSBP) responses to sequential 4-week periods of angiotensin receptor blocker therapy (valsartan [VAL] 160 mg/d then 320 mg/d and combination VAL/hydrochlorothiazide [HCTZ] 320/12.5 mg/d) were compared in 304 patients with stage 1 or 2 hypertension. There were lesser blood pressure (BP) responses from baseline with VAL monotherapy in black than Caucasian patients (-2.9 and -4.0 mm Hg vs -8.2 and -9.3 mm Hg, respectively; P<.001 each) but VAL/HCTZ BP responses were similar in both groups (-12 vs -15 mm Hg). Participants 65 years and older had lower BP responses with VAL 160 mg/d and 320 mg/d than those younger than 65 years (-2.8 and -4.5 mm Hg vs -6.5 and -7.5 mm Hg, respectively; P<.001) but similar responses to VAL/HCTZ (-14 vs -17 mm Hg). No BP response differences were found between those older than and those younger than 55 years. The authors conclude that: (1) adding low-dose HCTZ (12.5 mg daily) to VAL is more effective than VAL titration, irrespective of age or race, (2) VAL BP efficacy is lower in blacks than Caucasians, and (3) ARB responses are diminished in patients older than 65 years. Guidelines for stage 1 or 2 hypertension that suggest age 55 should determine initial monotherapy choice (eg, ARB vs thiazide diuretic) or that fail to recommend initial ARB-thiazide combination therapy should be reconsidered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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24. Cardiovascular outcomes in hypertensive patients

Author

Weber, Michael A., primary, Julius, Stevo, additional, Kjeldsen, Sverre E., additional, Jia, Yan, additional, Brunner, Hans R., additional, Zappe, Dion H., additional, Hua, Tsushung A., additional, McInnes, Gordon T., additional, Schork, Anthony, additional, Mancia, Giuseppe, additional, and Zanchetti, Alberto, additional

Published
2012
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32. Improving Blood Pressure Control: Increase the Dose of Diuretic or Switch to a Fixed‐Dose Angiotensin Receptor Blocker/Diuretic? The Valsartan Hydrochlorothiazide Diuretic for Initial Control and Titration to Achieve Optimal Therapeutic Effect (Val‐DICTATE) Trial

Author

White, William B., primary, Calhoun, David A., additional, Samuel, Rita, additional, Taylor, Addison A., additional, Zappe, Dion H., additional, and Purkayastha, Das, additional

Published
2008
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34. Amlodipine+benazepril is superior to hydrochlorothiazide+benazepril irrespective of baseline pulse pressure: subanalysis of the ACCOMPLISH trial.

Author

Skoglund, Per H, Svensson, Per, Asp, Joline, Dahlöf, Björn, Kjeldsen, Sverre E, Jamerson, Kenneth A, Weber, Michael A, Jia, Yan, Zappe, Dion H, Östergren, Jan, and ACCOMPLISH investigators

Abstract

Pulse pressure (PP) is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular (CV) disease and death but few studies have investigated the effect of antihypertensive treatments in relation to PP levels before treatment. The Avoiding Cardiovascular Events Through Combination Therapy in Patients Living With Systolic Hypertension (ACCOMPLISH) trial showed that the combination of benazepril+amlodipine (B+A) is superior to benazepril+hydrochlorothiazide (B+H) in reducing CV events. We aimed to investigate whether the treatment effects in the ACCOMPLISH trial were dependent on baseline PP. High-risk hypertensive patients (n=11,499) were randomized to double-blinded treatment with single-pill combinations of either B+A or B+H and followed for 36 months. Patients were divided into tertiles according to their baseline PP and events (CV mortality/myocardial infarction or stroke) were compared. Hazard ratios (HRs) for the treatment effect (B+A over B+H) were calculated in a Cox regression model with age, coronary artery disease, and diabetes mellitus as covariates and were compared across the tertiles. The event rate was increased in the high tertile of PP compared with the low tertile (7.2% vs 4.4% P<.01). In the high and medium PP tertiles, HRs were 0.75 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.60-0.95; P=.018) and 0.74 (CI, 0.56-0.98, P=.034), respectively, in favor of B+A. There was no significant difference between the treatments in the low tertile and no significant differences in treatment effect when comparing the HRs between tertiles of PP. B+A has superior CV protection over B+H in high-risk hypertensive patients independent of baseline PP although the absolute treatment effect is enhanced in the higher tertiles of PP where event rates are higher. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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