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Introduction Shared Leadership is an influence process in which all team members assume the responsibility to lead the team and perceive they lead each other to the achievement of group or organizational goals. This study aims to adapt the Italian version of the Shared leadership (SL) scale developed by Muethel and Gehrlein (2009). Method Data were collected in 2015/2016 (N = 224) and 2017/2018 (N = 220) in two samples of university students involved in team projects and team assignments, for a total of 118 different teams. Results Exploratory and Confirmatory factor analyses confirmed the original one-factor model, although is more supported a six items version of the scale. SL scale is also significantly related to team processes and team output variables, showing good nomological validity. Conclusions The adaptation shows internal validity and reliability and provides a first useful, new tool to measure SL in the Italian language.

This book reflects on the increasing variety of perspectives in organizational innovation research, paying attention to the antecedents, but also to the outcomes, of innovation. Some chapters analyze the ‘dark side’ of innovation, including the potential negative consequences of innovative behaviors, or of defying the innovation maximization fallacy. Others explicitly consider affective responses after innovation efforts, and assume that positive or negative effects rely on the context in which innovations occur, and on the way in which people manage the process of innovation. Several contributions adopt the dialectic approach by considering the multiple pathways and mechanisms that could lead to innovation at organizations. Most of the chapters include the interaction of actors’ characteristics (from employees or teams) together with situational constraints from the task or the social context, and outline the relevance of processes like team learning; motivation variables like basic need satisfaction; congruence of motives or meaningfulness at work; dynamics of communication networks; and affective variables. This edited collection offers a rich picture of current research and management trends in the field and contributes constructively toward promoting the dialectic perspective on creativity and innovation in the workplace. This book was originally published as a special issue of the European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology.

Il capitolo presenta i risultati i uno studio volto a esplorare i profili di partecipazione in diverse organizzazioni in un campione di giovani universitari. Inoltre, sono state prese in considerazione le differenze tra questi profili rispetto ad alcune variabili indicative dell’esperienza positiva del coinvolgimento organizzativo, quali il livello di partecipazione civica e politica generale, la qualità percepita della partecipazione, il benessere sociale e il senso di comunità. Lo studio rientra nel più ampio progetto “Tempo libero e produttività sociale nei giovani di Cesena”, promosso nel 2015 dal Comune di Cesena.

Identifies and crystallizes the rules and principles of international criminal procedure, based on painstaking analysis of existing case law and practice Provides a comprehensive overview of the procedural law of international criminal tribunals from Nuremberg to the recently established Cambodian Extraordinary Chambers and the Special Tribunal for Lebanon Gives valuable recommendations for the future development of international criminal procedure International Criminal Procedure: Principles and Rules is a comprehensive study of international criminal proceedings written by over forty leading experts in the field. The book offers a systematic overview and detailed comparison of the standards governing the conduct of proceedings in all major international and internationalized criminal courts from the Nuremberg and Tokyo Tribunals to the recently established Cambodian Extraordinary Chambers and the Special Tribunal for Lebanon. Based on a major research project, the study covers all procedural phases from the initiation of investigation to the appeals process. It pays special attention to the crosscutting themes which shape the contemporary discourse on international criminal justice, including the law of evidence, the defence issues, the procedural role of victims, and negotiated dismissal of international crime cases. The book not only takes stock of the procedural legacy of the UN ad hoc Tribunals for the former Yugoslavia and Rwanda and the International Criminal Court, but also reflects on the future directions of international criminal procedure. Investigating the tribunals' procedural law and practice through the prism of human rights law, domestic legal traditions, and tribunals' special objectives, the expert group puts forth proposals on how the challenges facing international criminal jurisdictions can best be met. International Criminal Procedure will be an indispensable work for practitioners involved in the adjudication of serious crimes on both national and international level, as well as international law students and academics. Readership: Practitioners and legal officers working in the field of international criminal law; scholars and students in this area; government and NGO policy-makers; judges in international and domestic courts dealing with issues of international criminal justice

The study examines the issues of assessing the impact on occupational safety of public health workers of psycho-emotional factors associated with the provision of medical services and the socio-economic and industrial conditions of their work. As the analysis conducted by the authors on the basis of foreign sources showed, this problem is characteristic not only for Russia, but also for most medical institutions in other countries. It should be noted that these problems were especially aggravated during the coronavirus pandemic, when it was necessary to work in conditions of increased risk of infection, in excess of the established time norm, etc. Moreover, the tools to overcome professional burnout and improve occupational safety are providing medical institutions with the required personnel in sufficient quantities to solve the tasks, providing diagnostic and medical equipment, as well as protective equipment. It is very important that evidence-based labor standards are implemented, as they have not been reviewed in most cases since Soviet times. At the same time, ensuring decent work indicators, especially wages, is very important.

Come valutare se l’organizzazione funziona bene o male? Come confrontare una azienda con un’altra? Non solo il concetto di efficacia organizzativa è sfumato e complesso, ma è anche difficile da misurare. Per comprendere meglio questo costrutto, e la sua portata applicativa, sono illustrati due approcci molto utilizzati per definire e misurare l’efficacia organizzativa: l’approccio dei valori concorrenti e quello dell’efficacia organizzativa collettiva.

Innovation is defined as the “act of introducing something new” (American dictionary), but economic and organizational literature underline different aspects of this complex process. OECD and the yearly survey of European Union on innovation are also based on definition by experts. This study investigates if beliefs and representations of lay people about innovation is similar to experts’ definition; it also tests differences in beliefs of people of different gender, education and nationality. A survey was conducted on 237 university students (79 French, 80 Italian, 79 Spanish), enrolled in Science and in Liberal Arts faculties; 125 employees were also examined in France and Italy. The questionnaire included: a) open questions to define innovation, b) attitude to and c) beliefs about factors that promote or hinder innovation. Social representation of innovation in France, Italy and Spain is mainly related to the idea of Something New, Creative and Technology Related, which brings Good Results for the organization adopting it. This representation is accompanied by two emotional components: a positive, useful related, one, and worry for the perception of difficulties related to complexity and slowness. Innovating is facilitated by time and resources, investment in R&D activities and motivation, while it is believed to be hindered by difficulties in financing and in reorganizing productive processes. This representation is basically shared among students of the examined Countries, with limited effects of the type of faculty. Main limitations concerns the fact that Spain and Italy are countries with same level of innovativeness; it is an exploratory and descriptive study.

The paper describes the aims of EuroPsy (or European Certificate in Psychology) launched and managed by the European Federation of Psychologists’ Associations (EFPA) to provide a common standard of competence of professional training and academic education in psychology. The Specialist Certificate in Work and Organizational Psychology, developed by EAWOP, is an 'add-on’ to the Basic Certificate, and establishes the minimum requirements in terms of education, training and competences, developed by a practitioner after graduation and during his or her practice.

Given the routine job setting, and its lack of tangible resources and motivators commonly linked to creativity (see Amabile, 1988), our models draws upon alternative resource types, inducements, and employee attributes that may prompt the creation of novel ideas that can be highly useful. The series of direct and mediated linkages we have proposed here should culminate in a complex sequential model that depicts the manner in which exposure to contextual factors, job control and coworker support, over time should trigger an intrapersonal engagement state leading to personal initiative, that when guided by a conformity orientation, results in employees offering creative ideas which are implementable in the workplace.

The present study investigates inter-organizational teams, composed by entrepreneurs and managers of different companies that join together the reach common goal/s. This type of team offers a valuable context in which different kinds of trust (inter-organizational and team trust) may develop and impact the performance of the team. A questionnaire was used to collect information; this includes the following independent variables: team identification (Mael & Ashfort, 1992); trust in the team (Costa & Anderson, 2011), inter-organizational trust (Norman, 2002) and prior knowledge of the other partners. The dependent variables are: perceived team performance (Hoegl & Gemueden, 2001, scale that measures team effectiveness and team efficiency) and team satisfaction (Smith & Barclay, 1997) and individual member commitment with the inter-organizational collaboration (Allen & Meyer, 1990).

La collaborazione all’interno di reti tra organizzazioni può rappresentare un’efficace risposta alle spinte competitive che impongono alle imprese di innovare processi produttivi e organizzativi. Questo contributo descrive tre concezioni di “reti tra organizzazioni”, soffermandosi sulla prospettiva della Social Network Analysis . Viene quindi trattata la questione della “governance” delle reti di imprese, descrivendo tre modalità di gestione di queste forme di organizzazione.

Obiettivo del lavoro è indagare, in 10 piccole e medie imprese (PMI) italiane, se fattori psico-sociali e caratteristiche dell’organizzazione sono associati all’innovazione e se tali fattori consentono di distinguere le imprese più innovative da quelle meno innovative. Gli imprenditori delle aziende coinvolte nella ricerca hanno fornito misure soggettive e oggettive dell’innovatività aziendale mentre i 158 dipendenti delle aziende hanno valutato caratteristiche psico-sociali e l’innovatività dell’organizzazione. I risultati suggeriscono che caratteristiche individuali, del compito, del gruppo e dell’organizzazione contribuiscono a predire il livello di innovatività delle imprese

This paper summarizes the state of affairs of European research on ageing and work. After a close inspection of the age construct, an overview is presented of research in four areas: the relationship between age and HR-policies, early retirement, age and performance/employability, age and health/well-being. The overview results in a research agenda on work and ageing and in recommendations for practice. © 2009 Psychology Press. ispartof: European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology vol:19 issue:1 pages:76-101 status: published

Le piccole e medie imprese italiane hanno sempre dimostrato una grande capacità di adattamento all'evoluzione dei mercati e una notevole creatività nel combinare tradizione e innovazione. Tuttavia, la sfida si sta facendo più impegnativa. La ricerca presentata in questo volume indaga che cosa stanno facendo 25 aziende del territorio di Cesena in termini di innovazione: quali sono le innovazioni adottate, di che tipo di innovazioni si tratta (di prodotto, di marketing, ecc.) e quali gli esiti di tali innovazioni. Inoltre, ci si chiede: quanto è forte l’orientamento all’innovazione tra i dipendenti di queste imprese? La qualità della vita organizzativa contribuisce e facilita l’innovazione nelle imprese? La ricerca vuol riflettere sul ruolo che le risorse umane, oltre a quello determinante dell’imprenditore, possono avere nel realizzare e sostenere l’adozione di innovazioni nelle piccole e medie imprese del territorio.

Descrive alcuni processi che influenzano gli acquisti da parte dei consumatori su internet. In particolare si esamina il ruolo della percezioen del rischio e della fiducia verso il rivenditore.

Vengono descritte le principali recenti ricerche sul tema delle decisioni di gruppo. Si descrive l'influenza della composizione del gruppo, della modalità di scambio di informazioni e del grado di condivisione delle informazioni sulle decisioni di gruppo. Particolare attenzione viene prestata alle ricerche che illustrano i processi di gruppo in contesti organizzativi.

The present investigation aims to analyse the relationship between knowledge sharing behaviours and performance. The former behaviours were studied using Social Network Analysis, in an attempt to characterise knowledge sharing networks. Through identification of central individuals in these networks, we made analysis of the association between this centrality and individual performance. A questionnaire was developed and applied to a sample of workers in a Portuguese organisation (N=244). The final conclusions point to a positive association between these behaviours and individual performance. A presente investigação pretende analisar a relação entre comportamentos de partilha de conhecimento e desempenho individual. Aqueles comportamentos foram estudados com o auxílio da metodologia de Análise de Redes Sociais, procurando proceder à caracterização das redes de partilha de conhecimento e identificação dos elementos centrais nas mesmas, analisando a associação entre a sua centralidade e o seu desempenho. Foi desenvolvido um questionário e aplicado a uma amostra de colaboradores de uma empresa Portuguesa (N=244). As conclusões finais apontam para uma associação positiva entre comportamentos de partilha de conhecimento e desempenho individual.

PurposeThe study seeks to investigate individual preference for early or late retirement. The aim is to determine the impact that variables at personal, work and organizational, and retirement‐related levels exert on such preference.Design/methodology/approachA questionnaire was submitted to 275 Italian workers, aged from 45 to 63. The “preferred” and “expected” retirement ages were measured, and a preference for retiring before or after the expected age was computed. The questionnaire included personal (e.g. age, income), work and organizational (e.g. work importance, job demands and control), and retirement‐related variables (level of information on pensions and attitudes to retirement). Hierarchical multiple regressions analyses were conducted to test the impact of such variables on the preference for early or late retirement.FindingsThe results show a significant preference for retiring on average three years before the expected age. The preference for postponing retirement is related to chronological age and perception of income adequacy, but also to work variables (work importance, firm policies supporting aged employees) and attitudes to retirement.Practical implicationsPolitical and organizational strategies concerning old employees should take into account the widespread preference for early retirement. It is, however, possible to encourage late retirement by developing interventions aiming to meliorate working conditions, organizational perceptions and retirement attitudes.Originality/valueThe difference between preferred and expected retirement age may be useful to identify employees preferring late retirement. It is also suggested that certain psychosocial factors are related to such preference. This knowledge is relevant for European policies encouraging employees to stay longer in the workforce.

E' tstato condotto uno studio sull'influenza che variabili psico-sociali e organizzative hanno sul conflitto famiglia - lavoro. E' stato somministrato un questionario a 122 lavoratori di tre organizzazioni differenti.

Sintesi della recente letteratura sull'approccio strutturale alle rappresentazioni sociali. Descritte due ricerche condotte, a distanza di alcuni anni, sulla rappresentazione sociale dell'economia di studenti universitari.

An empirical research was conducted on 103 adult people concerning emotions and risk perceptions when buying expansive and cheap items of clothing..

The study aims to investigate the family-work conflict. It involves a sample of 380 workers belonging to four organizations, respectively in the public-administrative, industrial, cultural-educational and university settings. The questionnaire includes, among others, scales about work-family conflict, work satisfaction, work involvement, organizational commitment and organizational culture.

Viene descritta una ricerca empirica condotta su lavoratori di organizzazioni provate e pubbliche in merito al pensionamento e alle strategie utilizzate per perpararsi al pensionamento.

Studio di carattere empirico su gruppi di lavoratori atipici. Dapprima vengono riportati i dati su un lavoro esplorativo sulle rappresentazioni di questa frma contrattuale. Successivamente si considerano i risultati di una survey su lavoratori contingenti relativa alle aspettative, prospettiva temporale, livelli di soddisfazione e progettazione futura anche in relzione ad aspetti di natura pensionistica.

The present research investigates the effects of being a temporary worker on psychological attitudes towards the work and towards economic behaviour. It aims to describe in a sample of temporary workers of an Italian region: a) the socio-demographic characteristics, b) the level of job satisfaction, c) strategies of saving, national and personal financial representations, future orientation and time perspective. Questionnaires were submitted to 181 subjects, during office time. Results show that, concerning the work perspective, attitudes to the future are very positive, and presumably not different from the more stable workforce; on the contrary, the financial perspective, show that subjects are rahter pessimistic and temporarily restricted beliefs are present.

Il capitolo rileva la necessità di distinguere, all'interno del gruppo dei lavoratori atipici, sottogruppi di lavoratori che hanno un differente approccio al lavoro atipico. Vengono descritte ricerche nazionali e internazionali relative agli effetti psicosociali della flessibilità occupazionale, soprattutto in giovani a rischio di marginalità sociale (in quanto in possesso di minori competenze psicosociali, impegnati in settori produttivi meno innovativi e con ridotte oportunità di sostegno familiare). Sono inoltre sinteticamente presentati i risultati di due rilevazioni empiriche condotte su lavoratori atipici residenti nella Regione Emilia-Romagna. La prima ha usato una metodologia di tipo quantitativo, mentre la seconda ha usato un approccio qualitativo.