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Ricoh es una multinacional japonesa, que durante más de 80 años en América Latina ha impulsado la innovación, siendo un proveedor líder de soluciones de impresión comercial e industrial, cámaras digitales y sistemas industriales. En el año 2013, Ricoh Latinoamérica identificó que sus productos principales como las impresoras y servicios de impresión gestionados, iniciaban el final de su ciclo de vida; no obstante la alta dirección de Ricoh Latinoamérica no sabía con exactitud cuánto más podría durar ese ciclo, pero sabía que había comenzado; es así como inicia la planeación de una transformación hacia una compañía liderada por servicios. En el año 2016 el presidente de Ricoh Latinoamérica estaba evaluando los resultados del progreso de la organización respecto a la transformación de la compañía hacia una compañía de servicios e identifico que las cifras no eran las esperadas y debía mantener el flujo de ingresos esperados por la casa matriz pero también debía percibir ingresos por las nuevas unidades de negocios. Luego de un plan estratégico a tres años la compañía venía cumpliendo sus objetivos estratégicos, sin embargo, para el año 2020 debe enfrentar el impacto en las ventas y la disminución de los ingresos en los contratos de impresión causado por la pandemia del COVID-19. Ricoh is a Japanese multinational, which for more than 80 years in Latin America has driven innovation, being a leading provider of commercial and industrial printing solutions, digital cameras and industrial systems. In 2013, Ricoh Latin America identified that its main products, such as printers and managed printing services, were beginning the end of their life cycle; However, the top management of Ricoh Latin America did not know exactly how much longer that cycle could last, but they knew that it had begun; This is how the planning of a transformation towards a company led by services begins. In 2016, the president of Ricoh Latin America was evaluating the results of the organization's progress regarding the transformation of the company into a service company and identified that the figures were not what was expected and he had to maintain the income flow expected by the house parent company but also had to receive income from the new business units. After a three-year strategic plan, the company had been meeting its strategic objectives, however, by 2020 it must face the impact on sales and the decrease in revenue in printing contracts caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Magíster en Administración de Empresas Maestría

Organizations increasingly have to cope with the digital transformation, which is ubiquitous in today’s society. Strategic analysis is an important first step towards the success of digital transformation initiatives, whereby all the elements (e.g., business processes and IT infrastructure) that are required to achieve the transformation can be aligned to the strategic goals and decisions. In this paper, we work towards a modeling method to perform model-based strategic analysis. We explicitly account for information technology (IT) infrastructure because of its key role for digital transformation. Specifically, (1) based on a conducted study on business scholar literature and existing work in conceptual modeling, a set of requirements is first identified; (2) then, we propose a modeling method that integrates, among others, goal modeling, strategic modeling, and IT infrastructure modeling. The method exploits, among others, three previously designed domain specific modeling languages in the Multi-Perspective Enterprise Modeling (MEMO) family: GoalML, SAML and ITML; (3) we illustrate the use of the modeling method in terms of a digital transformation initiative in the electricity sector; and finally, (4) we evaluate the proposed modeling method by comparing it with the conventional SWOT analysis and reflecting upon the fulfillment of the identified requirements., Enterprise Modelling and Information Systems Architectures (EMISAJ), Vol. 16 (2021)

La Unidad de Búsqueda de Personas Dadas por Desaparecidas a razón y en contexto del conflicto armado en Colombia (UBPD) es una entidad cuyo mandato, la búsqueda humanitaria, es novedoso en el ámbito de la burocracia pública colombiana. Su proceso de alistamiento y planeación supone erigirse como autoridad para ejercer las funciones que tiene asignadas. Un aspecto fundamental para la consolidación de su autoridad es la construcción de autonomía burocrática, entendida como la realización de acciones y toma de decisiones en función de objetivos propios, a los cuales asienten el resto de actores sociales con algún interés en búsqueda de personas desaparecidas. Este trabajo postula tres niveles de autonomía en la UBPD, en función de los objetivos que quiere alcanzar de cara a cumplir con su mandato, y de las relaciones que entabla con diversos actores: autonomía político-administrativa (para evitar injerencias de otros actores políticos), autonomía jurisdiccional (para definir el ámbito operativo específico de la institución) y autonomía para la búsqueda (para definir las estrategias de búsqueda). Este tercer nivel de autonomía presenta un mayor nivel de complejidad, debido a que las decisiones tomadas para la búsqueda tienen que: a) articular la experticia técnica con las experiencias y exigencias que las víctimas expresan en sus espacios de participación, y b) satisfacer un abanico de resultados esperados, que exige tanto la dignificación y bienestar subjetivo de las víctimas, como el cumplimiento de indicadores de desempeño expresados en cifras: cantidades de personas encontradas (con o sin vida), cuerpos identificados y cuerpos entregados a sus familiares The Missing Persons Unit , for Those Missing due to and in the Context of the Armed Conflict in Colombia (UBPD), is an entity whose mandate, an humanitarian approach to the search for missing persons, is novel in Colombian public bureaucracy. As such, the UBPD has to build and consolidate its authority in order to fulfil its duties. A fundamental condition for the consolidation of its authority is the construction of bureaucratic autonomy (the power to carry out actions and make decisions consistent with its own goals, actions and decisions to which other actors defer). I describe three levels of bureaucratic autonomy for the UBPD, that arise from the interplay between its own goals and its relationships with various actors: political-administrative autonomy (to avoid interference from other political actors), jurisdictional autonomy (to define the specific operational scope of the institution) and search autonomy (to build search strategies). This third level of autonomy presents a higher level of complexity, because the decisions made in searching for missing persons have to: a) articulate technical expertise with victims' experiences and demands, and b) satisfy a range of expected results, which involve both promoting the dignity and the subjective well-being of the victims, and the fulfillment of performance indicators, typically understood as numbers of people found (dead or alive), bodies identified and bodies returned to their families Magíster en Ciencia Política Maestría

Joint actions with other businesses are key to the survival of many companies today. Advanced collaboration technologies support companies in synchronizing their joint actions by forming digital business ecosystems (DBE). While such technologies are beneficial to companies, their use might also be potentially detrimental due to the increased complexity they add to the management of the BDE partners' collaboration and due to the partners' lack of knowledge in coping with this complexity. For companies to deal with the complexities in their dynamic environments, they need approaches for mapping out and analyzing their DBEs. Due to the newness of the DBE concept, how to model and analyze DBEs is hardly known. Yet, this is necessary, as partners in a DBEs want to know if their DBEs promotes or prohibits profit. This article proposes an approach to modelling and analyzing DBEs, based on the complimentary use of ArchiMate standards and quantitative methods such as the Analytical Hierarchy Process and linear programming. We carried out a first evaluation of the proposed approach by using an expert panel of practitioners. Our results indicate that the approach is easy to use from practitioner's perspective and that it can assist practitioners in executing their modelling and analysis tasks. However, more empirical evaluation research is needed in order to improve the approach's applicability in supporting companies in making DBE-related decisions.

Aus dem Inhalt: Track 1: Produktion & Cyber-Physische Systeme Requirements and a Meta Model for Exchanging Additive Manufacturing Capacities Service Systems, Smart Service Systems and Cyber- Physical Systems—What’s the difference? Towards a Unified Terminology Developing an Industrial IoT Platform – Trade-off between Horizontal and Vertical Approaches Machine Learning und Complex Event Processing: Effiziente Echtzeitauswertung am Beispiel Smart Factory Sensor retrofit for a coffee machine as condition monitoring and predictive maintenance use case Stakeholder-Analyse zum Einsatz IIoT-basierter Frischeinformationen in der Lebensmittelindustrie Towards a Framework for Predictive Maintenance Strategies in Mechanical Engineering - A Method-Oriented Literature Analysis Development of a matching platform for the requirement-oriented selection of cyber physical systems for SMEs Track 2: Logistic Analytics An Empirical Study of Customers’ Behavioral Intention to Use Ridepooling Services – An Extension of the Technology Acceptance Model Modeling Delay Propagation and Transmission in Railway Networks What is the impact of company specific adjustments on the acceptance and diffusion of logistic standards? Robust Route Planning in Intermodal Urban Traffic Track 3: Unternehmensmodellierung & Informationssystemgestaltung (Enterprise Modelling & Information Systems Design) Work System Modeling Method with Different Levels of Specificity and Rigor for Different Stakeholder Purposes Resolving Inconsistencies in Declarative Process Models based on Culpability Measurement Strategic Analysis in the Realm of Enterprise Modeling – On the Example of Blockchain-Based Initiatives for the Electricity Sector Zwischenbetriebliche Integration in der Möbelbranche: Konfigurationen und Einflussfaktoren Novices’ Quality Perceptions and the Acceptance of Process Modeling Grammars Entwicklung einer Definition für Social Business Objects (SBO) zur Modellierung von Unternehmensinformationen Designing a Reference Model for Digital Product Configurators Terminology for Evolving Design Artifacts Business Role-Object Specification: A Language for Behavior-aware Structural Modeling of Business Objects Generating Smart Glasses-based Information Systems with BPMN4SGA: A BPMN Extension for Smart Glasses Applications Using Blockchain in Peer-to-Peer Carsharing to Build Trust in the Sharing Economy Testing in Big Data: An Architecture Pattern for a Development Environment for Innovative, Integrated and Robust Applications Track 4: Lern- und Wissensmanagement (e-Learning and Knowledge Management) eGovernment Competences revisited – A Literature Review on necessary Competences in a Digitalized Public Sector Say Hello to Your New Automated Tutor – A Structured Literature Review on Pedagogical Conversational Agents Teaching the Digital Transformation of Business Processes: Design of a Simulation Game for Information Systems Education Conceptualizing Immersion for Individual Learning in Virtual Reality Designing a Flipped Classroom Course – a Process Model The Influence of Risk-Taking on Knowledge Exchange and Combination Gamified Feedback durch Avatare im Mobile Learning Alexa, Can You Help Me Solve That Problem? - Understanding the Value of Smart Personal Assistants as Tutors for Complex Problem Tasks Track 5: Data Science & Business Analytics Matching with Bundle Preferences: Tradeoff between Fairness and Truthfulness Applied image recognition: guidelines for using deep learning models in practice Yield Prognosis for the Agrarian Management of Vineyards using Deep Learning for Object Counting Reading Between the Lines of Qualitative Data – How to Detect Hidden Structure Based on Codes Online Auctions with Dual-Threshold Algorithms: An Experimental Study and Practical Evaluation Design Features of Non-Financial Reward Programs for Online Reviews: Evaluation based on Google Maps Data Topic Embeddings – A New Approach to Classify Very Short Documents Based on Predefined Topics Leveraging Unstructured Image Data for Product Quality Improvement Decision Support for Real Estate Investors: Improving Real Estate Valuation with 3D City Models and Points of Interest Knowledge Discovery from CVs: A Topic Modeling Procedure Online Product Descriptions – Boost for your Sales? Entscheidungsunterstützung durch historienbasierte Dienstreihenfolgeplanung mit Pattern A Semi-Automated Approach for Generating Online Review Templates Machine Learning goes Measure Management: Leveraging Anomaly Detection and Parts Search to Improve Product-Cost Optimization Bedeutung von Predictive Analytics für den theoretischen Erkenntnisgewinn in der IS-Forschung Track 6: Digitale Transformation und Dienstleistungen Heuristic Theorizing in Software Development: Deriving Design Principles for Smart Glasses-based Systems Mirroring E-service for Brick and Mortar Retail: An Assessment and Survey Taxonomy of Digital Platforms: A Platform Architecture Perspective Value of Star Players in the Digital Age Local Shopping Platforms – Harnessing Locational Advantages for the Digital Transformation of Local Retail Outlets: A Content Analysis A Socio-Technical Approach to Manage Analytics-as-a-Service – Results of an Action Design Research Project Characterizing Approaches to Digital Transformation: Development of a Taxonomy of Digital Units Expectations vs. Reality – Benefits of Smart Services in the Field of Tension between Industry and Science Innovation Networks and Digital Innovation: How Organizations Use Innovation Networks in a Digitized Environment Characterising Social Reading Platforms— A Taxonomy-Based Approach to Structure the Field Less Complex than Expected – What Really Drives IT Consulting Value Modularity Canvas – A Framework for Visualizing Potentials of Service Modularity Towards a Conceptualization of Capabilities for Innovating Business Models in the Industrial Internet of Things A Taxonomy of Barriers to Digital Transformation Ambidexterity in Service Innovation Research: A Systematic Literature Review Design and success factors of an online solution for cross-pillar pension information Track 7: IT-Management und -Strategie A Frugal Support Structure for New Software Implementations in SMEs How to Structure a Company-wide Adoption of Big Data Analytics The Changing Roles of Innovation Actors and Organizational Antecedents in the Digital Age Bewertung des Kundennutzens von Chatbots für den Einsatz im Servicedesk Understanding the Benefits of Agile Software Development in Regulated Environments Are Employees Following the Rules? On the Effectiveness of IT Consumerization Policies Agile and Attached: The Impact of Agile Practices on Agile Team Members’ Affective Organisational Commitment The Complexity Trap – Limits of IT Flexibility for Supporting Organizational Agility in Decentralized Organizations Platform Openness: A Systematic Literature Review and Avenues for Future Research Competence, Fashion and the Case of Blockchain The Digital Platform Otto.de: A Case Study of Growth, Complexity, and Generativity Track 8: eHealth & alternde Gesellschaft Security and Privacy of Personal Health Records in Cloud Computing Environments – An Experimental Exploration of the Impact of Storage Solutions and Data Breaches Patientenintegration durch Pfadsysteme Digitalisierung in der Stressprävention – eine qualitative Interviewstudie zu Nutzenpotenzialen User Dynamics in Mental Health Forums – A Sentiment Analysis Perspective Intent and the Use of Wearables in the Workplace – A Model Development Understanding Patient Pathways in the Context of Integrated Health Care Services - Implications from a Scoping Review Understanding the Habitual Use of Wearable Activity Trackers On the Fit in Fitness Apps: Studying the Interaction of Motivational Affordances and Users’ Goal Orientations in Affecting the Benefits Gained Gamification in Health Behavior Change Support Systems - A Synthesis of Unintended Side Effects Investigating the Influence of Information Incongruity on Trust-Relations within Trilateral Healthcare Settings Track 9: Krisen- und Kontinuitätsmanagement Potentiale von IKT beim Ausfall kritischer Infrastrukturen: Erwartungen, Informationsgewinnung und Mediennutzung der Zivilbevölkerung in Deutschland Fake News Perception in Germany: A Representative Study of People’s Attitudes and Approaches to Counteract Disinformation Analyzing the Potential of Graphical Building Information for Fire Emergency Responses: Findings from a Controlled Experiment Track 10: Human-Computer Interaction Towards a Taxonomy of Platforms for Conversational Agent Design Measuring Service Encounter Satisfaction with Customer Service Chatbots using Sentiment Analysis Self-Tracking and Gamification: Analyzing the Interplay of Motivations, Usage and Motivation Fulfillment Erfolgsfaktoren von Augmented-Reality-Applikationen: Analyse von Nutzerrezensionen mit dem Review-Mining-Verfahren Designing Dynamic Decision Support for Electronic Requirements Negotiations Who is Stressed by Using ICTs? A Qualitative Comparison Analysis with the Big Five Personality Traits to Understand Technostress Walking the Middle Path: How Medium Trade-Off Exposure Leads to Higher Consumer Satisfaction in Recommender Agents Theory-Based Affordances of Utilitarian, Hedonic and Dual-Purposed Technologies: A Literature Review Eliciting Customer Preferences for Shopping Companion Apps: A Service Quality Approach The Role of Early User Participation in Discovering Software – A Case Study from the Context of Smart Glasses The Fluidity of the Self-Concept as a Framework to Explain the Motivation to Play Video Games Heart over Heels? An Empirical Analysis of the Relationship between Emotions and Review Helpfulness for Experience and Credence Goods Track 11: Information Security and Information Privacy Unfolding Concerns about Augmented Reality Technologies: A Qualitative Analysis of User Perceptions To (Psychologically) Own Data is to Protect Data: How Psychological Ownership Determines Protective Behavior in a Work and Private Context Understanding Data Protection Regulations from a Data Management Perspective: A Capability-Based Approach to EU-GDPR On the Difficulties of Incentivizing Online Privacy through Transparency: A Qualitative Survey of the German Health Insurance Market What is Your Selfie Worth? A Field Study on Individuals’ Valuation of Personal Data Justification of Mass Surveillance: A Quantitative Study An Exploratory Study of Risk Perception for Data Disclosure to a Network of Firms Track 12: Umweltinformatik und nachhaltiges Wirtschaften Kommunikationsfäden im Nadelöhr – Fachliche Prozessmodellierung der Nachhaltigkeitskommunikation am Kapitalmarkt Potentiale und Herausforderungen der Materialflusskostenrechnung Computing Incentives for User-Based Relocation in Carsharing Sustainability’s Coming Home: Preliminary Design Principles for the Sustainable Smart District Substitution of hazardous chemical substances using Deep Learning and t-SNE A Hierarchy of DSMLs in Support of Product Life-Cycle Assessment A Survey of Smart Energy Services for Private Households Door-to-Door Mobility Integrators as Keystone Organizations of Smart Ecosystems: Resources and Value Co-Creation – A Literature Review Ein Entscheidungsunterstützungssystem zur ökonomischen Bewertung von Mieterstrom auf Basis der Clusteranalyse Discovering Blockchain for Sustainable Product-Service Systems to enhance the Circular Economy Digitale Rückverfolgbarkeit von Lebensmitteln: Eine verbraucherinformatische Studie Umweltbewusstsein durch audiovisuelles Content Marketing? Eine experimentelle Untersuchung zur Konsumentenbewertung nachhaltiger Smartphones Towards Predictive Energy Management in Information Systems: A Research Proposal A Web Browser-Based Application for Processing and Analyzing Material Flow Models using the MFCA Methodology Track 13: Digital Work - Social, mobile, smart On Conversational Agents in Information Systems Research: Analyzing the Past to Guide Future Work The Potential of Augmented Reality for Improving Occupational First Aid Prevent a Vicious Circle! The Role of Organizational IT-Capability in Attracting IT-affine Applicants Good, Bad, or Both? Conceptualization and Measurement of Ambivalent User Attitudes Towards AI A Case Study on Cross-Hierarchical Communication in Digital Work Environments ‘Show Me Your People Skills’ - Employing CEO Branding for Corporate Reputation Management in Social Media A Multiorganisational Study of the Drivers and Barriers of Enterprise Collaboration Systems-Enabled Change The More the Merrier? The Effect of Size of Core Team Subgroups on Success of Open Source Projects The Impact of Anthropomorphic and Functional Chatbot Design Features in Enterprise Collaboration Systems on User Acceptance Digital Feedback for Digital Work? Affordances and Constraints of a Feedback App at InsurCorp The Effect of Marker-less Augmented Reality on Task and Learning Performance Antecedents for Cyberloafing – A Literature Review Internal Crowd Work as a Source of Empowerment - An Empirical Analysis of the Perception of Employees in a Crowdtesting Project Track 14: Geschäftsmodelle und digitales Unternehmertum Dividing the ICO Jungle: Extracting and Evaluating Design Archetypes Capturing Value from Data: Exploring Factors Influencing Revenue Model Design for Data-Driven Services Understanding the Role of Data for Innovating Business Models: A System Dynamics Perspective Business Model Innovation and Stakeholder: Exploring Mechanisms and Outcomes of Value Creation and Destruction Business Models for Internet of Things Platforms: Empirical Development of a Taxonomy and Archetypes Revitalizing established Industrial Companies: State of the Art and Success Principles of Digital Corporate Incubators When 1+1 is Greater than 2: Concurrence of Additional Digital and Established Business Models within Companies Special Track 1: Student Track Investigating Personalized Price Discrimination of Textile-, Electronics- and General Stores in German Online Retail From Facets to a Universal Definition – An Analysis of IoT Usage in Retail Is the Technostress Creators Inventory Still an Up-To-Date Measurement Instrument? Results of a Large-Scale Interview Study Application of Media Synchronicity Theory to Creative Tasks in Virtual Teams Using the Example of Design Thinking TrustyTweet: An Indicator-based Browser-Plugin to Assist Users in Dealing with Fake News on Twitter Application of Process Mining Techniques to Support Maintenance-Related Objectives How Voice Can Change Customer Satisfaction: A Comparative Analysis between E-Commerce and Voice Commerce Business Process Compliance and Blockchain: How Does the Ethereum Blockchain Address Challenges of Business Process Compliance? Improving Business Model Configuration through a Question-based Approach The Influence of Situational Factors and Gamification on Intrinsic Motivation and Learning Evaluation von ITSM-Tools für Integration und Management von Cloud-Diensten am Beispiel von ServiceNow How Software Promotes the Integration of Sustainability in Business Process Management Criteria Catalog for Industrial IoT Platforms from the Perspective of the Machine Tool Industry Special Track 3: Demos & Prototyping Privacy-friendly User Location Tracking with Smart Devices: The BeaT Prototype Application-oriented robotics in nursing homes Augmented Reality for Set-up Processe Mixed Reality for supporting Remote-Meetings Gamification zur Motivationssteigerung von Werkern bei der Betriebsdatenerfassung Automatically Extracting and Analyzing Customer Needs from Twitter: A “Needmining” Prototype GaNEsHA: Opportunities for Sustainable Transportation in Smart Cities TUCANA: A platform for using local processing power of edge devices for building data-driven services Demonstrator zur Beschreibung und Visualisierung einer kritischen Infrastruktur Entwicklung einer alltagsnahen persuasiven App zur Bewegungsmotivation für ältere Nutzerinnen und Nutzer A browser-based modeling tool for studying the learning of conceptual modeling based on a multi-modal data collection approach Exergames & Dementia: An interactive System for People with Dementia and their Care-Network Workshops Workshop Ethics and Morality in Business Informatics (Workshop Ethik und Moral in der Wirtschaftsinformatik – EMoWI’19) Model-Based Compliance in Information Systems - Foundations, Case Description and Data Set of the MobIS-Challenge for Students and Doctoral Candidates Report of the Workshop on Concepts and Methods of Identifying Digital Potentials in Information Management Control of Systemic Risks in Global Networks - A Grand Challenge to Information Systems Research Die Mitarbeiter von morgen - Kompetenzen künftiger Mitarbeiter im Bereich Business Analytics Digitaler Konsum: Herausforderungen und Chancen der Verbraucherinformatik

This article illustrates the characteristics of two Lima-based organizations of persons displaced by the internal armed conflict in Peru (1980-2000), and the way in which these characteristics create opportunities and obstacles for access to the Program of Collective Reparations —a key element of the Peruvian reparations policy—. This program provides funding to a collective beneficiary for institutional strengthening or economic entrepreneurship.Based on bibliographic review, interviews with members of these organizations as well as ethnographic field work, I show that the characteristics of each displaced persons’ organization together with the type of collective project they choose create scenarios of challenges and possibilities which pose difficulties to these groups, requiring collective action capacities which they do not necessarily have. This results in a de facto situation that undermines their right to reparation. Therefore, I argue the importance not only of analizing the reparations offer and its quality, but also the characteristics of the demand, that is, of the beneficiary groups of displaced persons and their internal interactions, and how these factors shape access to reparations. Este artículo muestra las características de dos organizaciones dedesplazados (residentes en Lima) por el conflicto armado internoperuano (1980-2000) y la manera en que tales característicasconforman oportunidades y obstáculos de cara al acceso al Programade Reparaciones Colectivas —contemplado dentro de lapolítica de reparaciones del Estado peruano—, el cual entrega aun beneficiario colectivo un proyecto para su aprovechamientoeconómico o para la reconstrucción social/institucional del grupo.Sobre la base de revisión bibliográfica, entrevistas a miembros deestas organizaciones y trabajo de campo etnográfico, se argumentaque las características de cada organización —junto con el tipo deproyecto de reparación colectiva escogido— crean escenarios deretos y posibilidades cuya resolución requiere capacidades de accióncolectiva con las que estas organizaciones no necesariamente cuentan,lo que, en los hechos, menoscaba su derecho a la reparación. Deesta manera, se afirma la importancia no solo de evaluar la ofertade reparaciones y su calidad, sino también las características de lademanda, es decir, de los grupos de desplazados beneficiarios y susinteracciones internas, y cómo estas se relacionan con el acceso adichas reparaciones.

[ES] La identificación y planificación de riesgos en proyectos es de suma importancia para evitar problemas o al menos minimizar su impacto. Entre las técnicas cualitativas que se pueden utilizar para identificar los riesgos de un proyecto están las entrevistas con expertos, la tormenta de ideas, los diagramas causa-efecto, la técnica Delphi y el análisis DAFO. Desde el punto de vista cuantitativo las técnicas tradicionales para evaluar los riesgos en proyectos son los diagramas de influencia, los árboles de decisión y la simulación Monte Carlo. Sin embargo, determinar las probabilidades y las consecuencias de los riesgos requiere gran cantidad de datos, que no siempre está disponible. En este trabajo se propone la evaluación de los riesgos en proyectos mediante el juicio de expertos aplicando la técnica multicriterio AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process). Este enfoque permitirá cuantificar y priorizar los riesgos de los proyectos y de esta manera planificar la respuesta a los riesgos de manera adecuada. Asimismo, se implementará una aplicación en Excel para recoger, evaluar la consistencia e integrar los juicios de los expertos involucrados.

Since the unfortunate events of September 11th, 2001 and the aftermath of hurricanes Katrina, Rita and Wilma in the gulf coast states in 2005, many researchers have been conducting studies on understanding the disproportionate level of individual level of preparedness of vulnerable populations across the U.S. Many vulnerable populations experience differences in how they prepare for, respond to and recover from a disaster mainly because of low income and very limited access to other resources needed to lessen the impact of the event. To compound these limitations, very little scientific knowledge is available to address the differences in individual disaster preparedness behavior within racial or ethnic groups. This study addresses an identified gap in understanding individual level of preparedness among 308 low-income Latino adults in two neighborhoods in Baltimore, Maryland. More specifically, this study will examine the association between the construct of trust and perceived individual level of preparedness among the study population. This study will apply secondary analytical methods to a data set collected in the summer of 2007 in Baltimore, Maryland. The data collected was based on a survey instrument developed using a 4-item validated public health trust scale and tested in previous research studies. This survey tool was modified and translated into and conducted in Spanish in two neighborhoods where a high number of Latino individuals reside. A statistical significance and positive linear association exists between how the Latino population in this study trusts the government (GOV) and non-governmental agencies (NGOs) in Baltimore, Maryland and the effect it has on predicting individual level of preparedness. The study also revealed that immigration status has no mediating impact on trust in GOV and NGOs predicting individual level of preparedness among the population sample. The study findings provide policy recommendations to local, state, federal and community organizations based on the level of individual preparedness of the study population. In addition, these recommendations will enhance the planning, response and recovery activities required during a man-made or natural disaster. Lastly, the results from this study may be used to develop educational preparedness programs and/or to design appropriate interventions for the study population.