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25. Ob receptor in rabbit ovary and leptin in vitroregulation of corpora lutea

Author

Zerani, Massimo, Boiti, Cristiano, Zampini, Danilo, Brecchia, Gabriele, Dall’Aglio, Cecilia, Ceccarelli, Piero, and Gobbetti, Anna

Abstract

We studied leptin involvement in rabbit corpora lutea (CL) activity, and its post-transcriptional signalling pathway. The expression of leptin receptor (Ob-R) in rabbit ovary at day 9 of pseudopregnancy was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis. The specificity of the Ob-R receptor antibodies was characterised by immunoprecipitation and competition with blocking peptide. Day 9 CL were incubated in vitrowith leptin alone or with inhibitors of PLC (phospholipase C), PLD (phospholipase D), AC (adenylate cyclase), JAK (janus kinase), MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) and both cAMP- and cGMP-specific PDE (phosphodiesterase). Prostaglandin F2α(PGF2α), PGE2 and progesterone levels were measured in the culture medium, while NOS (nitric oxide synthase) and cAMP- and cGMP- specific PDE activities were measured in CL tissue. Positive staining for Ob-R was found within the cytoplasm of large luteal cells of CL as well as in granulosa cells of follicles and oocytes. Immunoblots detected a band of about 99 kDa size in Ob-R immunoprecipitates from CL homogenates. This band was not detectable after pre-incubation of the primary antibody with the immunising leptin peptide. Leptin increased PGF2αand cAMP-specific PDE, decreased basal progesterone and did not affect PGE2 and NOS levels. Leptin used the JAK pathway in increasing PGF2α, and MAPK and cAMP-specific PDE in decreasing progesterone. This study supports a permissive luteolytic role for leptin in rabbit CL.

Published
2004
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26. Omics Insights into Animal Resilience and Stress Factors.

Author

Basile, Federica, Capaccia, Camilla, Zampini, Danilo, Biagetti, Tommaso, Diverio, Silvana, and Guelfi, Gabriella

Subjects
EFFECT of stress on animals, CENTRAL nervous system
Abstract

Simple Summary: Resilience is the ability to adapt well in the face of adversity, trauma, tragedy, threats, or significant sources of stress. The concept of resilience has been applied to a wide range of systems ranging from cells to organisms. Environmental factors adaptively modulate resilience by intervening with transgenerationally transmitted epigenetic modifications. This review was organized to conceptualize the dynamic nature of molecular responses to stressors and the physiological role of resilience in maintaining or restoring normal homeostasis. Resilience is conceived as a dynamic developmental process involving the achievement of positive adaptation within the context of significant adversity. Resilience is not a unique ability but rather a set of capacities of a system put in place to absorb a disturbance and to reorganize while trying to retain the same function, structure, and identity. This review describes the characteristics and the molecular mechanisms of resilience to understand the core elements of resilience and its indicators. The objectives of this review are: (1) to define some of the leading environmental stressors and clarify the mechanism of vulnerability or resilience outcomes; (2) to clarify some of the prominent epigenetic modulations mediating resilience or vulnerability as a stress response; (3) to highlight the neural mechanisms related to stress resilience since the central nervous system is a highly dynamic structure characterized by an everlasting plasticity feature, which therefore has the opportunity to modify resilience. The review aims to introduce the reader to the concept of resilience seen as an ability acquired in life and not only inherited from birth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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