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The article presents an analysis of barbarisms used in Internet blogs, websites, forums, etc. The authors determine functional areas of the use and factors affecting the spread of barbarisms as well as mechanisms of barbarisms’ adaptation in speech. The article reveals the features of changes in a number of foreign-language words at the phonetic-graphic, semantic and derivational levels.

The article considers the composition of the nominations representing the conceptual sphere of “Food” in the Russian dialects of the Amur region. The systemic relationships in the lexical-semantic group are analyzed: hyper-hyponymic, synonymous, variant. The article determines motivational signs of food nominations in the dialects of the Amur Region and the methods of derivation, i.e. lexical and syntactic. The article also reveals the specificity of the lexical composition and semantic structure of the considered group nominations on the all-Russian dialect background. The authors use comparative, descriptive-analytical methods as well as elements of component analysis.

The article defines the concepts of etymological nest and semantic evolution in the history of the Russian language. The authors consider the correlation of the terms ‘word-formation’, ‘lexical’, ‘root’ and ‘etymological nest’. They also give a complex description of some lexemes going back to the etymological nest with the root *mхr-. The method of semantic field is applied in the analysis of semantic structure of the word ‘death’ in diachronic aspect. The article presents a typology of semantic shifts in the lexemes of the nest (hyper-hyponymic, deviation, metaphorical).

The paper discusses a new approach to teaching the discipline “Multiple and curvilinear integrals, series” for engineers, using a new digital information and educational environment “NOMOTEX”, developed at the Department of Computational Mathematics and Mathematical Physics, Bauman Moscow State Technical University. A new methodology for conducting lectures and practical classes for the Multiple Integrals course using Nomotex DLS is presented. The article analysed to the experience of training engineers at the Bauman Moscow State Technical University course on Multiple Integrals, including the advantages of learning using interactive computer visualization of mathematical concepts.

Oil interceptors are traditional SuDS devices used in highway runoff treatment to remove both floatable impurities (leaves, oil) and total suspended solids (TSS). This paper presents the results of an examination of the performance of an oil interceptor based on particle size distribution (PSD) and TSS during three rainfall events. The interceptor is situated on one of the busiest motorways in the UK (where peak traffic flow is 30,000 vehicles per hour). Although the overall data collected for this study provided evidence that the interceptor removed, in most cases, 70% of TSS, the data for particle size distribution (PSD) showed that the interceptor did not always cope with particle separation for particles of less than 25 μm diameter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although highway runoff has historically been extensively studied, the increasing complexity of stormwater management means that there are still significant gaps regarding the reduction of soluble metals. The work reported in this paper addresses these challenges by analysing the presence and behaviour of iron, copper and zinc in runoff from junction 24 of the M1 motorway in the UK (peak traffic flow: 30,000 vehicles per hour) and comparing it with other urban sources of metals found in the same catchment (a local brook and sewage treatment works). The sampling site included an interceptor and a treatment lagoon and the event monitoring indicated a trend by which the metals did not change their concentration or particulate soluble proportion immediately, hence showing that pre- and post-storm conditions are important factors when analysing the solubility of metals and their behaviour. The data provided further evidence of the important influence of storm characteristics on metal concentrations in highway runoff, in particular the effects of an antecedent dry weather period (ADWP). In addition, this study also helped us to better understand how the release of sodium the application of de-icer for road maintenance in winter affects the availability of zinc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Macromolecular characteristics and morphology of water-solublecomplexes between sodium poly(styrene sulfonate) (PSS) and tetradecyltrimethylammoniumbromide have been followed as a function of surfactant-to-polymercharge ratio (S/P) to elicit possible changes in the complexationmechanism. As revealed by light scattering, shorter PSS (30 and 150repeat units) yield multichain complexes while longer PSS (450 and5000 repeat units) form single-chain species throughout 0 < S/P< 0.9. Irrespective of PSS chain length, the complexes exist insolution in a swollen coil conformation and undergo a compaction withS/P but never collapse into a globule. Even when the free PSS chainis too short to coil (30 repeat units), the complexes adopt a coiledconformation due to multichain aggregation. Morphological changes(manifested by a hypochromic shift in UV spectra of the complexesat S/P < 0.5 and an increase in the local surfactant mobility observedat S/P > 0.5 by ESR) strongly suggest a change in the formationmechanismof the complexes with a transition near S/P = 0.5. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Surface tension of kraft lignin (KL) and KL/poly(N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) mixtures, with different composition at the air-water interface depending on pH and temperature, was measured. It was found that the surface activity of both KL and the reaction mixtures grows with decreasing pH and increasing temperature. At the same time, the surface activity of the KL/poly(N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) reaction mixture, irrespective of its composition under the same environment conditions, considerably exceeds the surface activity of KL, indicating the synergetic effect governed by the peculiarities of the polymeric structure of the formed soluble particles of the polyelectrolyte complex. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Russia introduced PCV13 in 2014. We studied the serotype composition of S. pneumoniae isolated from the nasopharynx of healthy children younger than 6 years in St. Petersburg, Smolensk, Perm, Krasnoyarsk, Khanty-Mansiysk and Khabarovsk, between 2016 and 2018. 2.4% of children had completed a 3-dose course of PCV13, while 25.6% had received 1 or 2 doses. Pneumococcal DNA detection by PCR demonstrated S. pneumoniae in 37.2% of samples with regional variation between sites (27.3 to 56.9%). There was little difference between vaccinated, partially vaccinated and un-vaccinated children. Children who had received at least 1 dose of PCV13 had lower carriage rates of vaccine serotypes than their unvaccinated peers (49.9 vs. 61.4%; p < 0.001). Children who had received at least 1 dose of PCV13 showed increased carriage rates of non-vaccine serotypes (50 vs 38.6%; P < 0.001). Especially serogroup 15AF was more prevalent among fully immunized children than among their peers (12.5 vs 2.7%; P < 0.05)., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

The micromorphological structure of microbial mats (biomats) from the hot springs of the Vilyuchinskaya hydrothermal system, Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia, were investigated. The Vilyuchinskie hot springs had a discharge temperature of 55-56 degrees C and Na-Ca-HCO3-type waters rich in silicic and boric acids. Water and biomats had high concentrations of Fe, Mn, Sr, and As. Enumeration of total bacterial abundance (TBA) demonstrated a low density of bacterial populations. However, the fractions of metabolically active bacteria and respiring iron-oxidizing bacteria in the hot-spring water were high, comprising 68 and 21% of TBA, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy equipped with an energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (SEM-EDX) showed that unicellular rod-shaped bacteria about 5-microm long predominated in the brown biomats. The mineral capsules of these bacteria contained large amounts of Fe and Si. Extracellular and intracellular particles were observed by transmission electron microscopy. Fe-oxidizing bacteria were isolated from the biomats on agar plates with selective medium. Therefore, it can be concluded that microorganisms inhabiting the biomats of the Vilyuchinskie hot springs are essential for the deposition of Fe-minerals at neutral pH.