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Despite the rise in e-counseling services in Malaysia, there is an apparent lack of studies conducted from e-counselors’ perspectives on e-counseling features and provisions. The aim of the study is to determine the relationship between e-counseling skills and counseling self-efficacy. This quantitative study applied the descriptive correlational method in order to identify the relationship between e-counseling skills and counseling self-efficacy among e-counselors. The instrumentation involved the use of the Counseling Self-Estimate Inventory (COSE) and a self-constructed questionnaire, the E-Counseling Skills Scale which has undergone validity tests. 233 e-counselors from various institutions in Malaysia were selected using the simple random sampling technique to participate in completing an online survey form. Findings showed that respondents reported a high level of e-counseling skills (M = 4.07, SD = 0.60) and a moderate level of counseling self-efficacy (M = 4.00, SD = 0.67). E-counseling skills was positively correlated with counseling self-efficacy (r = .421, p < .05). The multiple regression analysis reported that the subconstruct “goal identification and attainment” of e-counseling skills best predicted counseling self-efficacy (β = .27, t(225) = 2.33, p .05). The findings implied that a higher ability to apply e-counseling skills is linked to higher counseling self-efficacy among e-counselors in Malaysia. This study suggests further improvement and standardization in the counselor education and training policy, specifically in terms of e-counseling interventions for both professional counselors and counseling trainees.

Memandangkan kemampuan internet mewujudkan prasarana yang sesuai untuk membina hubungan, pengamal kaunseling telah mengambil inisiatif memaksimumkan ruang internet ini. Satu perkhidmatan alternatif menolong melalui interaksi maya ini diwujudkan. E-Kaunseling telah mula mendapat perhatian kaunselor sebagai satu perkhidmatan alternatif yang ditawarkan kepada klien.Kajian ini bertujuan untuk meneroka sejauh mana keberkesanan perkhidmatan E-Kaunseling terhadap jantina. Kajian eksperimental-kuasi ini menggunakan reka bentuk Kumpulan Kawalan Ujian Pra Dan Ujian Pasca. Data kuantitatif diperolehi menggunakan soal selidik Client’s Satisfaction Inventory Short-Form (CSI-SF). Seramai 60 subjek kajian terlibat dan dijalankan dalam dua kumpulan kajian iaitu kumpulan kawalan menggunakan kaedah Kaunseling Bersemuka dan kumpulan eksperimen pula menggunakan kaedah E-Kaunseling.Dapatan menunjukkan tiada perbezaan antara jantina dan Kepuasan Klien dalam kedua-dua kaedah dan hasil analisis Anova Dua Hala menunjukkan tiada perbezaan utama (main interaction) antara Jantina dan Kepuasan klien. Hasil analisis lanjut menggunakan Anova Sehala menunjukkan kesan interaksi (interaction effect) bahawa klien lelaki mendapat lebih kepuasan dalam kaedah E-kaunseling manakala klien perempuan mendapat lebih kepuasan dalam kaedah Kaunseling bersemuka. Implikasi kajian ialah kepada kaunselor sekolah dalam menawarkan perkhidmatan e-kaunseling bagi membantu pelajar yang ingin mendapatkan perkhidmatan kaunseling di luar waktu persekolahan. In view of the ability of the internet to create an appropriate relationship-building infrastructure, counselling practitioners have taken the initiative to optimize this internet space. An alternative service aims to establish this virtual interaction. E-Counselling has begun to catch the eye of counsellors as an alternative service offered to clients.This study aims to explore the effectiveness of E-Counselling services on gender.This quasi-experimental study uses the design of Pre-Test and Post-Test Control Groups. Quantitative data were obtained using the Client’s Satisfaction Inventory Short-Form (CSI-SF) questionnaire. A total of 60 participants were involved and conducted in two study groups, namely the control group using the Face-to-Face Counselling method and the experimental group using the E-Counselling method. Findings show no difference between gender and Client Satisfaction in both methods and the results of the Two-Way Anova analysis show no significant difference between Gender and Client Satisfaction. The results of further analysis using One-Way Anova show the interaction effect that male clients get more satisfaction in the E-counselling method while female clients get more satisfaction in the face-to-face counseling method. The implication of the study is for school counselors to provide e-counseling programs to support students who want to access counseling after school hours.

Intro Industry 4.0 is transforming how businesses operate by integrating enabling technologies, such as the internet of things (IoT), artificial intelligent (AI), cloud computing, autonomous robots, simulation, analytics, additive manufacturing and machine learning, into their manufacturing facilities, overall operations, or on how they provide their services. Smart factories combine cutting-edge sensors, embedded software, and robots to gather and analyse data, enabling improved decision-making via more predictive analyses. This current technological transformation of industrial revolution 4.0 changes our education system in an indirect way to meet industrial needs. Future careers are changing accordingly. Counselors in schools play an important part in ensuring that students are adequately prepared to adapt to changing work environments and maintain their relevance in the labour market. It is very likely that guidance counsellors in schools are not prepared for or aware of the future careers that will be available in the job market as a result of Industrial Revolution 4.0. Objective This study is to measure the level of the school counselor's competencies and career agility in preparing secondary school students for IR4.0 future skills. Method An online survey questionnaire with 44 items was used to collect data. 80 secondary school counsellors completed the online survey. Finding show that the counsellor’s competencies and career agility of counselors in the aspect of preparing secondary school students towards future skills is at a moderate level. Conclusion, the accountable party needs to do what needs to be done to raise school counsellors' familiarity with IR4.0. As a result, school counsellors will be better able to incorporate IR4.0 principles into their guidance and counselling as well as their coaching practises, resulting in graduates who are well-equipped to meet the needs of the industries of the future.

Internet technologies are rapidly changing our lives, so school counsellors are now facing challenges to provide innovative ways in order to support students in their preferred communication mode. This study sought to understand the perception of school counsellors towards e-counselling on (1) their intention to use e-counselling; (2) the motivators for them to offer e-counselling; and (3) the deterrent factors from offering e-counselling. 66 school counsellors completed this online survey. All had online communication experience with their students. Counsellors showed positive intention to apply e-counselling in schools only when e-counselling facilities were provided. Lack of competence in technical skill seemed to outweigh their intention to use e-counselling. Appropriate professional development, technical training and the practice-based research in school comparing effectiveness of e-counselling and face-to-face were the leading three motivators for school counsellors to use e-counselling. Fear of miscommunication due to unfamiliar online language, lack of professional development and technical skill training, lacks of technical resources were the key deterrents that deter their intention to offer to e-counselling. The major contribution from this study indicated that school counsellors were receptive to offer e-counselling in school with the conditions that they were given adequate and appropriate professional development, technical trainings and e-counselling facilities.

Amounting evidence indicates that insufficient knowledge of marital communication skills leads to destructive interactions and poor marital adjustments in couples, especially during stressful situations. Despite the high effectiveness of Gottman’s psychoeducational intervention, there is a lack of study on the online Gottman’s psychoeducation intervention (O-GPI) to improve marital communication and dyadic adjustments. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of O-GPI on the improvement of marital communication patterns among Iranian couples. Method: The study followed a single-blind parallel group in a randomized controlled trial using an experimental longitudinal design, comprising 72 heterosexual couples living in Shiraz, Iran, with a 1–7-year marital age and no severe marital problems. The experimental group received eight consecutive O-GPIs via the Zoom platform, while the control group received information related to parenting skills via email. The outcome measures were the three patterns of communication: (i) constructive communication, (ii) demand–withdraw communication, and (iii) mutual avoidance communication—the screening measure was the dyadic adjustment scale. Results: The findings indicated that O-GPI could improve couples’ constructive communication significantly (45% for husbands and 40% wives) and decrease their total demand–withdrawal (51% for husbands and 65% wives) and mutual avoidance communication (60% for husbands and 62% wives). Limitations: Due to the homogenous nature of the sample, generalizations should be made with caution. Conclusions: This study demonstrates the feasibility and effectiveness of the online Gottman’s psychoeducational intervention to improve couples’ communication patterns.

The discussion on unity has never come to an end. To date, various actions have been taken to strengthen unity. Yet the direction of strengthening unity is still blurry whereas the measurement of unity in Malaysia remains a challenge. In 2014, the Education Planning and Research Division (EPRD), Ministry of Education Malaysia (MOE) through Unity Level Measurement Survey led to the success of developing instruments to produce an index as well as in developing a Unity Model of Teachers and Student. The index can be interpreted to determine unity level of students and teachers. To date, KPM has succeeded in producing the unity index for 2014, 2016, and 2018. Besides sharing KPM’s achievements, this paper discussed on student unity index for 2014, 2016, and 2018 as well as the impact of the index on the unity initiative under the Malaysia Education Blueprint (PPPM) 2013-2025. The unity index and model are also referred by the other Divisions at MOE to streamline the Student Integration Plan for Unity, developing Guideline Book to Strengthen Unity through Islamic Education Subjects and Moral Education, developing Guidelines for Unity Practices in Schools, Conducting Yearly Unity Practice Inspections at Schools, and developing Unity Roadmap in Education. Various parties also refer to these models and instruments in conducting their studies on unity.

The degree of integrity among academics is yet to be determined because there is no proper instrument for such measurement. The purpose of this paper is therefore to identify elements that can measure integrity, as well as develop integrity framework or model. Among the themes discussed in this paper are, what are the theories, models and concepts related to integrity, previous studies on integrity and subsequent discussions on the development process of the model that are appropriate for measuring integrity. This concept paper concludes that integrity can be measured based on the values required for integrity. The implication of this concept paper is that the values that are inherent in a person determine their level of integrity. This concept paper recommends that integrity should be measured over time. It is not only to produce an index of integrity but also to remind academics of the appropriate values and practices in fulfilling their responsibilities. Furthermore, ongoing exposures to integrity instruments may prevent misconceptions about integrity that only associated with corruption, abuse of power, unprofessional and inaccurate matters in terms of duties, responsibilities, roles or positions held.

During the current Covid-19 pandemic, the social relationship between humans has changed. As noticed, lockdowns and social distancing have become new norms. Unavoidably, counselling services were also affected with social distancing rules, especially in the school setting. Thus, online counselling or e-counselling has begun to gain in popularity, allowing counsellors to offer their services in an alternative way. In order to evaluate the suitability of e-counselling during the current pandemic, a client’s satisfaction towards e-counselling and face-to-face counselling needs to be investigated. This study aims to explore the effectiveness of these two counselling approaches using the level of the client’s satisfaction and its implication towards counselling practises during the outbreak. Quantitative data were obtained using the Client’s Satisfaction Inventory Short-Form (CSI-SF) questionnaire. The experimental design consisted of a total of 60 study subjects in two groups, namely the control group using the face-to-face Counselling method and the experimental group using the e-Counselling method. Based on the results, the difference in mean score showed that the mean difference in the experimental group was slightly higher than the control group. This finding indicates that e-counselling clients have a higher satisfaction compared to the face-to-face approach. The implications of this data are discussed on the role of school, school counsellor, and the government in enhancing the service of e-counselling during the current pandemic.

The objective of this study is to understand factors affecting women’s participation in career and ways to encourage women’s participation in career. Issue of women’s participation in career has been hotly discussed around the world. Results from different journal sources conducted in different countries were assimilated to attain better understanding of the factors affecting women’s participation in career and ways to encourage women’s participant in career. The core of this work builds on highlighting the main findings related to the factors affecting women’s participation in career and ways to encourage women’s participant in career in Malaysia, United States, Africa and India. The role of counsellor in the counselling session to help the women in their career participation and development has been discussed. The limitation of this review is the selected studies were only limited to Malaysia, United States, Africa, Canada and India.

Following the COVID 19 pandemic outbreak, mental health and wellbeing of employed women are at stake. The Movement Control Order (MCO) has forced the majority employed women to play multiple roles in a 24/7 situation with little break if ever for her own self-care. Therefore, we propose a new employment scheme called DAMAI (Domestic Assistant Malaysian Affectionate Initiative) along with mobile and web applications online housekeepers and caregivers to improve the well-being of working women by including computer implemented genogram as mental health screening. To provide a comprehensive solution to the problem, human ecological theory, family systems theory and women well-being model are discussed. While the theory of planned behavior (TBP) and technology acceptance models are referred to in the development of web and mobile applications called MyDAMAI HOME. Finally, the presentation of the Mock Up MyDAMAI Home mark the end this paper with conclusion.

The concept of school management has been extensively studied, however only a few focused on the external relations management. Due to the statement in Malaysian Education Development Blueprint 2013-2025 that school managers are required to build a good collaboration with communities, this study aims to identify principals’ competency in managing external relations by measuring their knowledge and skills in those areas. This survey study involved 314 principals, 720 senior assistants, and 611 senior teachers all over Malaysia. The quantitative data were collected through questionnaire and were analyzed by SPSS to determine mean score and standard deviation. Finding shows that, in overall principals’ knowledge and skills are at a high level with the mean score 4.27 and 4.40 respectively. Principals’ knowledge on external sources that can benefit schools achieves the lowest (mean score 4.23), followed by knowledge on concept of cooperation between school and school/home/community (mean score 4.25), and knowledge on strategy to improve relationship between school and community (mean score 4.25). The lowest mean score for skills is influencing outsiders to contribute to the school fund (4.23), followed by handling criticism in a positive way (mean score 4.37), and showing appreciation to the communities’ involvement in school activities (mean score 4.37). This study concludes that principals’ competency can be at the best level if knowledge and skill in those aspects can be increased.

Industrial Revolution (IR) 4.0 refers to the integration of technology within a particular industry, which encompasses big data, data analytics, cloud computing, robots, artificial intelligence, as well as Internet of Things (IoT) technologies. This study aims to assess the understanding of trainee counsellors of IR4.0 future skills, and to investigate how trainee counsellors improve their overall understanding of IR4.0 and its readiness. The qualitative research design employed in this study involved semi-structured interviews. Four trainee counsellors were chosen through convenient sampling and interviewed in 15-20 minute sessions. The findings indicate that trainee counsellors have a strong grasp of IR4.0. The respondents acknowledged, however, that their comprehension of IR4.0 in connection with future counselling professions is only modest, owing to the institution’s lack of formal educational exposure. Consequently, the respondents’ readiness to face IR4.0 is dangerously low, with the majority expressing worry towards their adaptability in future career development. Finally, the study concluded that educational institutions are vital in teaching and equipping students to confront the global challenges presented by IR4.0. This study is important because it aids researchers to analyse information on the understanding, readiness, and effect of IR4.0 on future skills among trainee counsellors. Additionally, it helps educational institutions in recognising the essential role of IR4.0 adoption in teaching and learning, as well as the implementation of the necessary measures to increase the readiness for training counsellors in tackling IR4.0.

This study is to identify the enhancement of students’ self-concept through the implementation of group guidance. A group guidance activity was conducted in accordance with the group guidance structured activities, aiming to improve the self-concept of primary school students. A total of 64 fifth year students were selected for this study through simple random sampling. They were randomly assigned to a treatment group (n = 31) and a control group (n = 33). Both groups were given the Tennessee Self-Concept Children:2 (TSCS: 2) to measure their level of self-concept before and after the intervention. The experimental group went through a seven-week group guidance module with two sessions per week. Analysis shows that there is a significant difference in the mean score of the self-concept of post-intervention between the treatment group and the control group. The implementation of group guidance has helped to improve the self-concept of primary school children through adaptive activities.

Previous studies show that there are still issues of Malaysia principal competency in managing curriculum. Therefore the purpose of this study is to identify how far this statement is true and to recommend the best solution in handling this issue. The definition of competency in this study is the level of knowledge and skill that principals have in managing curriculum. To get the data, questionnaires has been sent to 314 principals, 720 senior assistants, and 611 senior teachers from all over Malaysia. Findings show that based on principals self evaluation and their subordinates evaluation, overall, principals competency in managing curriculum is at a high level with a mean score 4.30. Principals self evaluation also show that their knowledge to plan strategies to improve curriculum achievement is at a very high level but their skills to ensure teachers give priority to teaching and learning, to ensure curriculum change that is fully implemented, to encourage cooperation among teachers in implementing teaching and learning, and to mobilize effective programs are still at a medium level. Based on these findings, this study recommends that all principals must attend leadership training before being appointed as principals.

Cyber-counselling has been widely offered and has become one of the alternative approach in counseling help. However, the effectiveness of this service is highly debated among scholars. Some scholars claimed that the cyber-counseling will give a great help to men, and some other scholars stated that cyber-counseling will benefit the women. There was also a study showing no difference between the gender in choosing and benefiting from cyber-counseling services . With these arguments, this study aims to see the impact of gender on client satisfaction in face-to-face counseling and cyber-counseling approaches. Quasi-experimental study using The Non-Equivalent Post-test Only Design is applied in this study. A total of 60 subjects were involved and conducted in two study groups; control group using Face-to-Counseling approach and experimental group using Cyber-counseling approach. Quantitative data was obtained using the Client's Satisfaction Inventory Short-Form (CSI-SF) questionnaire. The findings show there are differences between the Gender and Client Satisfaction in both approaches and the results of the Two-Way Anova analysis show that there is a major interaction between the Gender and Client Satisfaction. Further analysis using One Way Anova shows the interaction effect that male clients get more satisfaction in the Cyber-counseling approach while female clients get more satisfaction in face-to-face counseling. The empirical data shows that the male benefited in cyber-counseling approach and the possible reasons are discussed.

Spiritual hypnosis is one of the specific treatment techniques in hypnosis, with the additional spiritual component. Spiritual interpretation suggested during hypnotic trance, and the reframing of symptoms to emphasize their spiritual meaning. Reframing must be in accordance with the client’s belief system in order to be accepted and for a change to take place. The study objective is to explore on what the informants experienced through listening when they are experiencing the Islamic spiritual hypnotherapy approach. A qualitative study using phenomenological research design was used to unveil the experiences of feeling with six female children who had histories of incest using spiritual hypnotherapy with Islamic approach. The individual stories of hypnotherapy experiences were collected through in depth interviews. Ethical issues were addressed. Spiritual Hypnotherapy with Islamic Approach (SPHIA), few elements that inserted in the hypnotherapy scripts are Dua, Azan, Dhikr, Surah Recitation and Salat. The script’s content has been validated by Islamic authorities in Malaysia. In the findings, the informants experiencing calmness, serenity and gratefulness during the process of hypnotherapy. Integrating Islamic Spiritual elements in hypnotherapy can help individual who lost and need help.

This research is an attempt to explore the effectiveness of Cyber counseling services. In this research, the success of the Cyber counseling service is measured in terms of the capability of this method to provide client satisfaction (Client Satisfaction). This quasi-experimental study uses Non-equivalent Control Group Pretest/Postest Design. Quantitative data obtained using the Client's Satisfaction Inventory Short-Form (CSI-SF) questionnaire. A total of 60 research subjects were involved and conducted in two study groups, control group using Face-to-Counseling approach and experimental group using Cybercounseling approach. The findings show that Client Satisfaction in Cybercounseling approach is higher than Client Satisfaction in Face-to-face Counseling approach.