49 results on '"Zagorscak, Pavle"'
Search Results
2. Negative effects in internet-based interventions for depression: A qualitative content analysis
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Fenski, Friederike, Rozental, Alexander, Heinrich, Manuel, Knaevelsrud, Christine, Zagorscak, Pavle, and Boettcher, Johanna
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- 2021
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3. Dismantling, optimising, and personalising internet cognitive behavioural therapy for depression: a systematic review and component network meta-analysis using individual participant data
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Furukawa, Toshi A, Suganuma, Aya, Ostinelli, Edoardo G, Andersson, Gerhard, Beevers, Christopher G, Shumake, Jason, Berger, Thomas, Boele, Florien Willemijn, Buntrock, Claudia, Carlbring, Per, Choi, Isabella, Christensen, Helen, Mackinnon, Andrew, Dahne, Jennifer, Huibers, Marcus J H, Ebert, David D, Farrer, Louise, Forand, Nicholas R, Strunk, Daniel R, Ezawa, Iony D, Forsell, Erik, Kaldo, Viktor, Geraedts, Anna, Gilbody, Simon, Littlewood, Elizabeth, Brabyn, Sally, Hadjistavropoulos, Heather D, Schneider, Luke H, Johansson, Robert, Kenter, Robin, Kivi, Marie, Björkelund, Cecilia, Kleiboer, Annet, Riper, Heleen, Klein, Jan Philipp, Schröder, Johanna, Meyer, Björn, Moritz, Steffen, Bücker, Lara, Lintvedt, Ove, Johansson, Peter, Lundgren, Johan, Milgrom, Jeannette, Gemmill, Alan W, Mohr, David C, Montero-Marin, Jesus, Garcia-Campayo, Javier, Nobis, Stephanie, Zarski, Anna-Carlotta, O'Moore, Kathleen, Williams, Alishia D, Newby, Jill M, Perini, Sarah, Phillips, Rachel, Schneider, Justine, Pots, Wendy, Pugh, Nicole E, Richards, Derek, Rosso, Isabelle M, Rauch, Scott L, Sheeber, Lisa B, Smith, Jessica, Spek, Viola, Pop, Victor J, Ünlü, Burçin, van Bastelaar, Kim M P, van Luenen, Sanne, Garnefski, Nadia, Kraaij, Vivian, Vernmark, Kristofer, Warmerdam, Lisanne, van Straten, Annemieke, Zagorscak, Pavle, Knaevelsrud, Christine, Heinrich, Manuel, Miguel, Clara, Cipriani, Andrea, Efthimiou, Orestis, Karyotaki, Eirini, and Cuijpers, Pim
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- 2021
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4. Selbstwertförderung in der universellen Prävention von Essstörungen: Pilotierung einer internetbasierten Intervention an einer studentischen Stichprobe
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Raith, Anna-Marie, Hämmerling, Marie, Klein, Sabrina, Peitz, Diana, Knaevelsrud, Christine, and Zagorscak, Pavle
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- 2021
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5. Location-Scale Modeling as an Integrative Approach to Symptom Dynamics During Psychotherapy: An Illustration With Depressive Symptoms.
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Brose, Annette, Koval, Peter, Heinrich, Manuel, Zagorscak, Pavle, Bohn, Johannes, and Knaevelsrud, Christine
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STRUCTURAL equation modeling ,MENTAL depression ,PSYCHOTHERAPY ,PATHOLOGICAL psychology ,SYMPTOMS - Abstract
Objective: Depressive symptom dynamics, including change trajectories and symptom variability, have been related to therapy outcomes. However, such dynamics have often been examined separately and related to outcomes of interest using two-step analyses, which are characterized by several limitations. Here, we show how to overcome these limitations using location-scale models in a dynamic structural equation modeling framework. Method: We introduce location-scale modeling in an accessible manner to pave the way for its use in research integrating within-person dynamics and intervention-related change in psychopathology, and we illustrate this modeling approach in a large-scale internet-based intervention for depression (N = 1,656). Using eight data points sampled across about 8 weeks, we predicted improvement across the intervention (50% symptom reduction) as a function of early change and symptom variability. Results: Early symptom change was associated with a more likely improvement across therapy. Variability of symptoms beyond change trajectories during the intervention was associated with less likely improvement. Conclusions: Location-scale models, and dynamic structural equation modeling more generally, are well suited to modeling how patterns of symptom change during psychotherapy are related to important (e.g., therapy) outcomes. Our illustrative application of location-scale modeling showed that symptom variability was associated with less overall improvement in depressive symptoms. However, this finding requires replication with more intensive sampling of symptoms before final conclusions can be drawn on when and how to distinguish maladaptive from adaptive variability during psychotherapy. What is the public health significance of this article?: During psychotherapy, multiple mechanisms of change should work simultaneously and in concert. As this study highlights, it is important to examine multiple types of symptom dynamics during psychotherapy simultaneously to understand the processes and ultimately the causes of therapeutic change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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6. The Influence of School Climate and Empathy on Cyberbystanders’ Intention to Assist or Defend in Cyberbullying
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Schultze-Krumbholz, Anja, Zagorscak, Pavle, Hess, Markus, and Scheithauer, Herbert
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- 2020
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7. Select or adjust? How information from early treatment stages boosts the prediction of non-response in internet-based depression treatment.
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Hammelrath, Leona, Hilbert, Kevin, Heinrich, Manuel, Zagorscak, Pavle, and Knaevelsrud, Christine
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RANDOM forest algorithms ,SELF-evaluation ,EARLY medical intervention ,PREDICTION models ,RECEIVER operating characteristic curves ,MEDICAL care ,LOGISTIC regression analysis ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,BENCHMARKING (Management) ,INTERNET ,THERAPEUTIC alliance ,MENTAL depression ,ALGORITHMS - Abstract
Background: Internet-based interventions produce comparable effectiveness rates as face-to-face therapy in treating depression. Still, more than half of patients do not respond to treatment. Machine learning (ML) methods could help to overcome these low response rates by predicting therapy outcomes on an individual level and tailoring treatment accordingly. Few studies implemented ML algorithms in internet-based depression treatment using baseline self-report data, but differing results hinder inferences on clinical practicability. This work compares algorithms using features gathered at baseline or early in treatment in their capability to predict non-response to a 6-week online program targeting depression. Methods: Our training and test sample encompassed 1270 and 318 individuals, respectively. We trained random forest algorithms on self-report and process features gathered at baseline and after 2 weeks of treatment. Non-responders were defined as participants not fulfilling the criteria for reliable and clinically significant change on PHQ-9 post-treatment. Our benchmark models were logistic regressions trained on baseline PHQ-9 sum or PHQ-9 early change, using 100 iterations of randomly sampled 80/20 train-test-splits. Results: Best performances were reached by our models involving early treatment characteristics (recall: 0.75–0.76; AUC: 0.71–0.77). Therapeutic alliance and early symptom change constituted the most important predictors. Models trained on baseline data were not significantly better than our benchmark. Conclusions: Fair accuracies were only attainable by involving information from early treatment stages. In-treatment adaptation, instead of a priori selection, might constitute a more feasible approach for improving response when relying on easily accessible self-report features. Implementation trials are needed to determine clinical usefulness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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8. Select or adjust? How information from early treatment stages boosts the prediction of non-response in internet-based depression treatment
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Hammelrath, Leona, primary, Hilbert, Kevin, additional, Heinrich, Manuel, additional, Zagorscak, Pavle, additional, and Knaevelsrud, Christine, additional
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- 2023
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9. Reply to the Letter by Singer, Mitter, and Porsch Related to Our Paper “Benefits of Individualized Feedback in Internet-Based Interventions for Depression: A Randomized Controlled Trial”
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Zagorscak, Pavle, Heinrich, Manuel, Sommer, Daniel, Wagner, Birgit, and Knaevelsrud, Christine
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- 2018
10. Benefits of Individualized Feedback in Internet-Based Interventions for Depression : A Randomized Controlled Trial
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Zagorscak, Pavle, Heinrich, Manuel, Sommer, Daniel, Wagner, Birgit, and Knaevelsrud, Christine
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- 2018
11. Select or adjust? How information from early treatment stages boosts the prediction of non-response in Internet-based depression treatment
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Hammelrath, Leona, Hilbert, Kevin, Heinrich, Manuel, Zagorscak, Pavle, and Knaevelsrud, Christine
- Abstract
The present work compares algorithms using features gathered at baseline or early in treatment in their capability to predict non-response to a 6-week online program targeting depression. Our training and test sample encompassed 1270 and 318 individuals, respectively. We trained Random Forest Algorithms on self-report and process features gathered at baseline and after 2 weeks of treatment. The best performances were reached by our models involving early treatment characteristics (recall: 0.75-0.76; AUC: 0.71-0.77). Models trained on baseline data only were not significantly better than our benchmark. In-treatment adaptation, instead of a priori selection, might constitute a more feasible approach for improving response when relying on easily accessible self-report features.
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- 2023
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12. Sequencing effects of behavioral activation and cognitive restructuring in an Internet-based intervention for depressed adults are negligible: Results from a randomized controlled trial.
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Brose, Annette, primary, Heinrich, Manuel, additional, Bohn, Johannes, additional, Kampisiou, Christina, additional, Zagorscak, Pavle, additional, and Knaevelsrud, Christine, additional
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- 2023
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13. A school-based cyberbullying preventive intervention approach: The Media Heroes program *
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Schultze-Krumbholz, Anja, primary, Zagorscak, Pavle, additional, and Scheithauer, Herbert, additional
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- 2018
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14. Mind the context—The relevance of personality for face-to-face and computer-mediated communication
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Schulze, Julian, primary, Zagorscak, Pavle, additional, West, Stephen G., additional, Schultze, Martin, additional, and Krumm, Stefan, additional
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- 2022
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15. Increasing the Effectiveness of Psychotherapy in Routine Care through Blended Therapy with Transdiagnostic Online Modules (PsyTOM): Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
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Schaeuffele, Carmen, primary, Heinrich, Manuel, additional, Behr, Solveig, additional, Fenski, Friederike, additional, Hammelrath, Leona, additional, Zagorscak, Pavle, additional, Jansen, Alessa, additional, Pohl, Steffi, additional, Boettcher, Johanna, additional, and Knaevelsrud, Christine, additional
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- 2022
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16. Mind the context - The relevance of personality for face-to-face and computer-mediated communication
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Schulze, Julian, Zagorscak, Pavle, West, Stephen G., Schultze, Martin, and Krumm, Stefan
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face-to-face communication ,KSAO ,100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::150 Psychologie ,computermediated communication - Abstract
A large body of research has examined the link between personality and face-to-face (FtF) communication knowledge, skills, abilities, and other characteristics (KSAOs). With the rise of digital media, text-based computer-mediated (CM) communication KSAOs have gained increasing attention. We conducted two studies to investigate how personality relates to KSAOs in the different contexts of FtF and CM communication. Contrasting perspectives hypothesize that the results in the FtF and CM contexts would be very similar or distinctly different. In Study 1 (n = 454), an online panel study, the Big Five personality dimensions were assessed and their relationships to FtF and CM communication KSAOs were investigated. Structural equation models and relative weight regression analyses showed that these personality dimensions, mostly extraversion and neuroticism, explained more variance in FtF as compared to CM communication KSAOs. Study 2 (n = 173), conducted in a laboratory context, showed similar results compared to Study 1. In addition, when the Big Five personality dimensions were assessed with a CM frame of reference, more variance was explained in CM than in FtF communication KSAOs. These results point to the importance of considering context effects in communication and in personality research: FtF and CM communication KSAOs need to be differentiated. If not properly contextualized, the relevance of personality and communication competencies in predicting criteria may be underestimated due to contextual mismatches.
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- 2022
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17. Prevention 2.0: Targeting Cyberbullying @ School
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Wölfer, Ralf, Schultze-Krumbholz, Anja, Zagorscak, Pavle, Jäkel, Anne, Göbel, Kristin, and Scheithauer, Herbert
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- 2014
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18. Feeling Cybervictimsʼ Pain—The Effect of Empathy Training on Cyberbullying
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Schultze-Krumbholz, Anja, Schultze, Martin, Zagorscak, Pavle, Wölfer, Ralf, and Scheithauer, Herbert
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- 2016
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19. On the Meaning of the " P Factor" in Symmetrical Bifactor Models of Psychopathology: Recommendations for Future Research From the Bifactor-(S −1) Perspective.
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Heinrich, Manuel, Geiser, Christian, Zagorscak, Pavle, Burns, G. Leonard, Bohn, Johannes, Becker, Stephen P., Eid, Michael, Beauchaine, Theodore P., and Knaevelsrud, Christine
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CONCEPTUAL structures ,PATHOLOGICAL psychology ,STATISTICAL models ,MENTAL illness - Abstract
Symmetrical bifactor models are frequently applied to diverse symptoms of psychopathology to identify a general P factor. This factor is assumed to mark shared liability across all psychopathology dimensions and mental disorders. Despite their popularity, however, symmetrical bifactor models of P often yield anomalous results, including but not limited to nonsignificant or negative specific factor variances and nonsignificant or negative factor loadings. To date, these anomalies have often been treated as nuisances to be explained away. In this article, we demonstrate why these anomalies alter the substantive meaning of P such that it (a) does not reflect general liability to psychopathology and (b) differs in meaning across studies. We then describe an alternative modeling framework, the bifactor-(S −1) approach. This method avoids anomalous results, provides a framework for explaining unexpected findings in published symmetrical bifactor studies, and yields a well-defined general factor that can be compared across studies when researchers hypothesize what construct they consider "transdiagnostically meaningful" and measure it directly. We present an empirical example to illustrate these points and provide concrete recommendations to help researchers decide for or against specific variants of bifactor structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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20. On the Meaning of the “P Factor” in Symmetrical Bifactor Models of Psychopathology: Recommendations for Future Research From the Bifactor-(S−1) Perspective
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Heinrich, Manuel, primary, Geiser, Christian, additional, Zagorscak, Pavle, additional, Burns, G. Leonard, additional, Bohn, Johannes, additional, Becker, Stephen P., additional, Eid, Michael, additional, Beauchaine, Theodore P., additional, and Knaevelsrud, Christine, additional
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- 2021
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21. Selbstwertförderung in der universellen Prävention von Essstörungen
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Raith, Anna-Marie, Hämmerling, Marie, Klein, Sabrina, Peitz, Diana, Knaevelsrud, Christine, and Zagorscak, Pavle
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Department Psychologie ,ddc:150 ,ddc:610 - Abstract
Background Eating disorders are prevalent, often have chronic courses and relapses are frequent even after effective treatment approaches. Therefore, prevention is decisive; however, many of the current prevention programs are resource intensive. Internet-based interventions can represent cost-effective and low threshold alternatives but only few approaches have so far been investigated. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of an internet-based unaccompanied preventive intervention. Material and methods The intervention was newly developed based on behavior therapeutic techniques and piloted in a group of 200 students using a randomized waiting list control group design. Data on eating disorder-specific pathology (eating disorder examination questionnaire, EDE-Q), self-esteem (Rosenberg self-esteem scale, RSES), and well-being (World Health Organization-five well-being index, WHO-5) were collected before and after the intervention or the waiting period. Data were evaluated based on variance analysis. Results A total of 43% of participants completed the intervention. Self-esteem increases were stronger in the intervention group in comparison to the waiting control group with large effect sizes (eta(2)(p) p = 0.33). There were no significant differences between the groups for the other variables. Conclusion Unaccompanied online self-help appears to provide a promising approach for improving self-esteem thus contributing to the prevention of eating disorders. Investigations in larger and more heterogeneous groups are necessary in the future to identify possibly present smaller preventive effects. Hintergrund Essstörungen sind prävalent, chronifizieren häufig und gehen trotz wirksamer Behandlungsansätze oft mit Rückfällen einher. Prävention ist daher entscheidend, jedoch sind viele aktuelle Präventionsprogramme ressourcenintensiv. Internetbasierte Interventionen können eine kostengünstige und niedrigschwellige Alternative darstellen, sind jedoch bislang nur wenig untersucht. Fragestellung Wie wirksam ist ein internetbasiertes, unbegleitetes Präventionsangebot? Material und Methode Die Intervention wurde auf Basis verhaltenstherapeutischer Techniken neu entwickelt und im Rahmen eines randomisierten Wartekontrollgruppendesigns an 200 Studierenden pilotiert. Vor und nach der Intervention bzw. Wartezeit wurden Daten zu essstörungsspezifischer Pathologie (Eating Disorder Examination-Questionnaire, EDE‑Q), Wohlbefinden (WHO-Five Well-Being Index, WHO-5) sowie Selbstwert (Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, RSES) erhoben und varianzanalytisch untersucht. Ergebnisse Die Intervention wurde von 43 % der Teilnehmenden vollständig durchlaufen. Der Selbstwert nahm in der Interventionsgruppe im Vergleich zur Wartekontrollgruppe stärker zu (η2p= 0,33). Auf den anderen Variablen ergaben sich keine signifikanten Unterschiede zwischen den Gruppen. Schlussfolgerung Unbegleitete Online-Selbsthilfe erscheint vielversprechend, um den Selbstwert zu verbessern und damit einen Beitrag zur Prävention von Essstörungen zu leisten. Untersuchungen in größeren, heterogenen Gruppen sind künftig nötig, um ggf. vorhandene, kleinere Präventionseffekte zu entdecken.
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- 2021
22. Dismantling, optimising and personalising internet cognitive-behavioural therapy for depression : A systematic review and individual participant data component network meta-analysis
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Furukawa, Toshi A, Suganuma, Aya, Ostinelli, Edoardo G., Andersson, Gerhard, Beevers, Christopher G., Shumake, Jason, Berger, Thomas, Boele, Florien Willemijn, Buntrock, Claudia, Carlbring, Per, Choi, Isabella, Christensen, Heleen, Mackinnon, Andrew, Dahne, Jennifer, Huibers, Marcus J.H., D. Ebert, David, Farrer, Louise, Forand, Nicholas R., Strunk, Daniel R., Ezawa, Ionu D., Forsell, Erik, Kaldo, Viktor, Geraedts, Anna, Gilbody, Simon, Littlewood, Liz, Brabyn, Sally, Hadjistavropoulos, Heather D., Schneider, Luke H., Johansson, Robert, Kenter, Robin, Kivi, Marie, Björkelund, Cecilia, Kleiboer, Annet, Riper, Heleen, Klein, Jan Philipp, Schröder, Johanna, Meyer, Björn, Moritz, Steffen, Bücker, Lara, Lintvedt, Ove, Lundgren, Johan, Milgrom, Jeannette, Gemmill, Alan W., Mohr, David C., Montero-Marin, Jesus, Garcia- Campayo, Javier, Nobis, Stephanie, Zarski, Anna-Carlotta, O'Moore, Kathleen, D. Williams, Alishia, Newby, Jill M., Perini, Sarah, Phillips, Rachel, Schneider, Justine, Pots, Wendy, Pugh, Nicole E, Richards, Derek, M. Rosso, Isabelle, Rauch, Scott L., Sheeber, Lisa B., Smith, Jessica, Spek, Viola, Pop, Viktor J., Ünlü, Burçin, van Bastelaar, Kim M. P., van Luenen, Sanne, Garnefski, Nadia, Vernmark, Kristofer, Warmerdam, Lisanne, van Straten, Annemieke, Zagorscak, Pavle, Knaevelsrud, Christine, Heinrich, Manuel, Miguel, Clara, Cipriani, Andrea, Efthimiou, Orestis, Karyotaki, Eirini, and Cuijpers, Pim
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- 2021
23. sj-docx-1-asm-10.1177_10731911211060298 ��� Supplemental material for On the Meaning of the ���P Factor��� in Symmetrical Bifactor Models of Psychopathology: Recommendations for Future Research From the Bifactor-(S���1) Perspective
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Heinrich, Manuel, Geiser, Christian, Zagorscak, Pavle, Burns, G. Leonard, Bohn, Johannes, Becker, Stephen P., Eid, Michael, Beauchaine, Theodore P., and Knaevelsrud, Christine
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FOS: Psychology ,160807 Sociological Methodology and Research Methods ,170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified ,FOS: Sociology - Abstract
Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-asm-10.1177_10731911211060298 for On the Meaning of the ���P Factor��� in Symmetrical Bifactor Models of Psychopathology: Recommendations for Future Research From the Bifactor-(S���1) Perspective by Manuel Heinrich, Christian Geiser, Pavle Zagorscak, G. Leonard Burns, Johannes Bohn, Stephen P. Becker, Michael Eid, Theodore P. Beauchaine and Christine Knaevelsrud in Assessment
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- 2021
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24. Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Depression: A Systematic Review and Individual Patient Data Network Meta-analysis
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Karyotaki, Eirini, Efthimiou, Orestis, Miguel, Clara, Bermpohl, Frederic Maas Genannt, Furukawa, Toshi A., Cuijpers, Pim, Riper, Heleen, Patel, Vikram, Mira, Adriana, Gemmil, Alan W., Yeung, Albert S., Lange, Alfred, Williams, Alishia D., Mackinnon, Andrew, Geraedts, Anna, Van Straten, Annemieke, Meyer, Björn, Björkelund, Cecilia, Knaevelsrud, Christine, Beevers, Christopher G., Botella, Cristina, Strunk, Daniel R., Mohr, David C., Ebert, David D., Kessler, David, Richards, Derek, Littlewood, Elizabeth, Forsell, Erik, Feng, Fan, Wang, Fang, Andersson, Gerhard, Hadjistavropoulos, Heather, Christensen, Heleen, Ezawa, Iony D., Choi, Isabella, Rosso, Isabelle M., Klein, Jan Philipp, Shumake, Jason, Garcia-Campayo, Javier, Milgrom, Jeannette, Smith, Jessica, Montero-Marin, Jesus, Newby, Jill M., Bretón-López, Juana, Schneider, Justine, Vernmark, Kristofer, Bücker, Lara, Sheeber, Lisa B., Warmerdam, Lisanne, Farrer, Louise, Heinrich, Manuel, Huibers, Marcus J.H., Kivi, Marie, Kraepelien, Martin, Forand, Nicholas R., Pugh, Nicky, Lindefors, Nils, Lintvedt, Ove, Zagorscak, Pavle, Carlbring, Per, Phillips, Rachel, Johansson, Robert, Kessler, Ronald C., Brabyn, Sally, Perini, Sarah, Rauch, Scott L., Gilbody, Simon, Moritz, Steffen, Berger, Thomas, Pop, Victor, Kaldo, Viktor, Spek, Viola, Forsell, Yvonne, Karyotaki, Eirini, Efthimiou, Orestis, Miguel, Clara, Bermpohl, Frederic Maas Genannt, Furukawa, Toshi A., Cuijpers, Pim, Riper, Heleen, Patel, Vikram, Mira, Adriana, Gemmil, Alan W., Yeung, Albert S., Lange, Alfred, Williams, Alishia D., Mackinnon, Andrew, Geraedts, Anna, Van Straten, Annemieke, Meyer, Björn, Björkelund, Cecilia, Knaevelsrud, Christine, Beevers, Christopher G., Botella, Cristina, Strunk, Daniel R., Mohr, David C., Ebert, David D., Kessler, David, Richards, Derek, Littlewood, Elizabeth, Forsell, Erik, Feng, Fan, Wang, Fang, Andersson, Gerhard, Hadjistavropoulos, Heather, Christensen, Heleen, Ezawa, Iony D., Choi, Isabella, Rosso, Isabelle M., Klein, Jan Philipp, Shumake, Jason, Garcia-Campayo, Javier, Milgrom, Jeannette, Smith, Jessica, Montero-Marin, Jesus, Newby, Jill M., Bretón-López, Juana, Schneider, Justine, Vernmark, Kristofer, Bücker, Lara, Sheeber, Lisa B., Warmerdam, Lisanne, Farrer, Louise, Heinrich, Manuel, Huibers, Marcus J.H., Kivi, Marie, Kraepelien, Martin, Forand, Nicholas R., Pugh, Nicky, Lindefors, Nils, Lintvedt, Ove, Zagorscak, Pavle, Carlbring, Per, Phillips, Rachel, Johansson, Robert, Kessler, Ronald C., Brabyn, Sally, Perini, Sarah, Rauch, Scott L., Gilbody, Simon, Moritz, Steffen, Berger, Thomas, Pop, Victor, Kaldo, Viktor, Spek, Viola, and Forsell, Yvonne
- Abstract
Importance: Personalized treatment choices would increase the effectiveness of internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (iCBT) for depression to the extent that patients differ in interventions that better suit them. Objective: To provide personalized estimates of short-term and long-term relative efficacy of guided and unguided iCBT for depression using patient-level information. Data Sources: We searched PubMed, Embase, PsycInfo, and Cochrane Library to identify randomized clinical trials (RCTs) published up to January 1, 2019. Study Selection: Eligible RCTs were those comparing guided or unguided iCBT against each other or against any control intervention in individuals with depression. Available individual patient data (IPD) was collected from all eligible studies. Depression symptom severity was assessed after treatment, 6 months, and 12 months after randomization. Data Extraction and Synthesis: We conducted a systematic review and IPD network meta-analysis and estimated relative treatment effect sizes across different patient characteristics through IPD network meta-regression. Main Outcomes and Measures: Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) scores. Results: Of 42 eligible RCTs, 39 studies comprising 9751 participants with depression contributed IPD to the IPD network meta-analysis, of which 8107 IPD were synthesized. Overall, both guided and unguided iCBT were associated with more effectiveness as measured by PHQ-9 scores than control treatments over the short term and the long term. Guided iCBT was associated with more effectiveness than unguided iCBT (mean difference [MD] in posttreatment PHQ-9 scores, -0.8; 95% CI, -1.4 to -0.2), but we found no evidence of a difference at 6 or 12 months following randomization. Baseline depression was found to be the most important modifier of the relative association for efficacy of guided vs unguided iCBT. Differences between unguided and guided iCBT in people with baseline symptoms of subthreshold depression (P
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- 2021
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25. Dismantling, optimising, and personalising internet cognitive behavioural therapy for depression: a systematic review and component network meta-analysis using individual participant data
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Furukawa, Toshi A., Suganuma, Aya, Ostinelli, Edoardo G., Andersson, Gerhard, Beevers, Christopher G., Shumake, Jason, Berger, Thomas, Boele, Florien Willemijn, Buntrock, Claudia, Carlbring, Per, Choi, Isabella, Christensen, Helen, Mackinnon, Andrew, Dahne, Jennifer, Huibers, Marcus J. H., Ebert, David D., Farrer, Louise, Forand, Nicholas R., Strunk, Daniel R., Ezawa, Iony D., Forsell, Erik, Kaldo, Viktor, Geraedts, Anna, Gilbody, Simon, Littlewood, Elizabeth, Brabyn, Sally, Hadjistavropoulos, Heather D., Schneider, Luke H., Johansson, Robert, Kenter, Robin, Kivi, Marie, Bjorkelund, Cecilia, Kleiboer, Annet, Riper, Heleen, Klein, Jan Philipp, Schroder, Johanna, Meyer, Bjorn, Moritz, Steffen, Bucker, Lara, Lintvedt, Ove, Johansson, Peter, Lundgren, Johan, Milgrom, Jeannette, Gemmill, Alan W., Mohr, David C., Montero-Marin, Jesus, Garcia-Campayo, Javier, Nobis, Stephanie, Zarski, Anna-Carlotta, O'Moore, Kathleen, Williams, Alishia D., Newby, Jill M., Perini, Sarah, Phillips, Rachel, Schneider, Justine, Pots, Wendy, Pugh, Nicole E., Richards, Derek, Rosso, Isabelle M., Rauch, Scott L., Sheeber, Lisa B., Smith, Jessica, Spek, Viola, Pop, Victor J., Unlu, Burcin, van Bastelaar, Kim M. P., van Luenen, Sanne, Garnefski, Nadia, Kraaij, Vivian, Vernmark, Kristofer, Warmerdam, Lisanne, van Straten, Annemieke, Zagorscak, Pavle, Knaevelsrud, Christine, Heinrich, Manuel, Miguel, Clara, Cipriani, Andrea, Efthimiou, Orestis, Karyotaki, Eirini, Cuijpers, Pim, Furukawa, Toshi A., Suganuma, Aya, Ostinelli, Edoardo G., Andersson, Gerhard, Beevers, Christopher G., Shumake, Jason, Berger, Thomas, Boele, Florien Willemijn, Buntrock, Claudia, Carlbring, Per, Choi, Isabella, Christensen, Helen, Mackinnon, Andrew, Dahne, Jennifer, Huibers, Marcus J. H., Ebert, David D., Farrer, Louise, Forand, Nicholas R., Strunk, Daniel R., Ezawa, Iony D., Forsell, Erik, Kaldo, Viktor, Geraedts, Anna, Gilbody, Simon, Littlewood, Elizabeth, Brabyn, Sally, Hadjistavropoulos, Heather D., Schneider, Luke H., Johansson, Robert, Kenter, Robin, Kivi, Marie, Bjorkelund, Cecilia, Kleiboer, Annet, Riper, Heleen, Klein, Jan Philipp, Schroder, Johanna, Meyer, Bjorn, Moritz, Steffen, Bucker, Lara, Lintvedt, Ove, Johansson, Peter, Lundgren, Johan, Milgrom, Jeannette, Gemmill, Alan W., Mohr, David C., Montero-Marin, Jesus, Garcia-Campayo, Javier, Nobis, Stephanie, Zarski, Anna-Carlotta, O'Moore, Kathleen, Williams, Alishia D., Newby, Jill M., Perini, Sarah, Phillips, Rachel, Schneider, Justine, Pots, Wendy, Pugh, Nicole E., Richards, Derek, Rosso, Isabelle M., Rauch, Scott L., Sheeber, Lisa B., Smith, Jessica, Spek, Viola, Pop, Victor J., Unlu, Burcin, van Bastelaar, Kim M. P., van Luenen, Sanne, Garnefski, Nadia, Kraaij, Vivian, Vernmark, Kristofer, Warmerdam, Lisanne, van Straten, Annemieke, Zagorscak, Pavle, Knaevelsrud, Christine, Heinrich, Manuel, Miguel, Clara, Cipriani, Andrea, Efthimiou, Orestis, Karyotaki, Eirini, and Cuijpers, Pim
- Abstract
Background Internet cognitive behavioural therapy (iCBT) is a viable delivery format of CBT for depression. However, iCBT programmes include training in a wide array of cognitive and behavioural skills via different delivery methods, and it remains unclear which of these components are more efficacious and for whom. Methods We did a systematic review and individual participant data component network meta-analysis (cNMA) of iCBT trials for depression. We searched PubMed, PsycINFO, Embase, and the Cochrane Library for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) published from database inception to Jan 1, 2019, that compared any form of iCBT against another or a control condition in the acute treatment of adults (aged ≥18 years) with depression. Studies with inpatients or patients with bipolar depression were excluded. We sought individual participant data from the original authors. When these data were unavailable, we used aggregate data. Two independent researchers identified the included components. The primary outcome was depression severity, expressed as incremental mean difference (iMD) in the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) scores when a component is added to a treatment. We developed a web app that estimates relative efficacies between any two combinations of components, given baseline patient characteristics. This study is registered in PROSPERO, CRD42018104683. Findings We identified 76 RCTs, including 48 trials contributing individual participant data (11 704 participants) and 28 trials with aggregate data (6474 participants). The participants' weighted mean age was 42·0 years and 12 406 (71%) of 17 521 reported were women. There was suggestive evidence that behavioural activation might be beneficial (iMD −1·83 [95% credible interval (CrI) −2·90 to −0·80]) and that relaxation might be harmful (1·20 [95% CrI 0·17 to 2·27]). Baseline severity emerged as the strongest prognostic factor for endpoint depression. Combining human and au
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- 2021
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26. On the Meaning of the General Factor of Psychopathology (“P-Factor”) in Symmetrical Bifactor Models
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Heinrich, Manuel, primary, Geiser, Christian, additional, Zagorscak, Pavle, additional, Burns, G. Leonard, additional, Bohn, Johannes, additional, Becker, Stephen P., additional, Eid, Michael, additional, Beauchaine, Theodore P., additional, and Knaevelsrud, Christine, additional
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- 2020
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27. Factors contributing to symptom change in standardized and individualized Internet-based interventions for depression: A randomized-controlled trial.
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Zagorscak, Pavle, primary, Heinrich, Manuel, additional, Schulze, Julian, additional, Böttcher, Johanna, additional, and Knaevelsrud, Christine, additional
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- 2020
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28. Mechanisms of Change in Internet-Based Interventions for Depression
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Zagorscak, Pavle
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Therapeutic Guidance ,Onlinetherapie ,Depression ,Factors contributing to outcome ,Therapeutische Begleitung ,Internet-based Interventions ,Wirkfaktoren ,100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::150 Psychologie - Abstract
Unipolar depression ranks first on the World Health Organization’s list of diseases responsible for global health burden. Different approaches of pharmacotherapy and face-to-face psychotherapy have been proven efficacious in reducing symptoms of depression and are available for individuals affected by the disorder. Yet, a majority of those individuals do not receive evidence-based treatment. Barriers such as difficulties attending appointments at inconvenient locations and at inconvenient times might be responsible for this shortfall in mental health care. Internet-based Interventions (IBI) show potential to overcome such barriers by offering psychoeducation, treatment tools, and (in some cases) guidance by clinicians independent of time and location. While several randomized controlled trials provide convincing evidence for the utility of IBI in reducing symptoms of depression, little is known about the mechanisms that account for in-treatment symptom change. Possible contributors to change within IBI for depression may be features of the intervention (e.g., therapeutic support by clinicians), variables related to treatment processes (e.g., treatment uptake, therapeutic alliance, outcome expectations) or variables specific to individuals (e.g., sociodemographic or socioeconomical characteristics). This thesis presents the findings from three studies that seek to broaden our understanding of in-treatment symptom change in IBI. All three studies have been conducted with data collected from 1089 mildly to moderately depressed individuals drawn from the client-base of a public health insurance company. They were randomized to receive weekly feedback that was either fully-standardized or individualized by a counselor within an otherwise identical cognitive-behavioral IBI for depression. STUDY 1 investigated differences between the treatment conditions concerning changes on clinical (depression, anxiety, perseverative thinking) and psychosocial variables (emotional self-efficacy, quality of life, and perceived social support). The between-condition effects were estimated after the intervention as well as 3, 6, and 12 months after participants finished the program. Results revealed large within-group effects for depressive symptom reduction across conditions. However, between-group differences were nonsignificant for all outcomes at all measurement occasions. STUDY 2 compared the contributions of outcome expectations, therapeutic alliance (agreement on tasks and goals; bond), extra-therapeutic stressors, and the uptake of specific treatment components to weekly symptom change in both treatment arms. Results showed that reductions of extra-therapeutic stressors during the intervention and high agreements on tasks and goals of treatment were associated with depressive symptom reductions in both conditions. While the level of extra-therapeutic stress at baseline was only predictive of in-treatment symptom change in the fully-standardized condition, bond ratings were associated with symptom deterioration during the final week of treatment in the individualized condition only. STUDY 3 investigated whether distinct groups of participants experienced discernable symptom courses during the two treatment variants. In addition, we examined whether participants’ psychosocial, socioeconomic or clinical characteristics were associated with membership in these groups. The results suggested that patterns of change and the associated groups did not differ across conditions. In both treatment variants most individuals (62.5%) were classified as “immediate improvers” with substantial improvement, commencing even before the start of treatment. Another class (37.4%) of individuals was labeled “delayed improvers” for their symptoms improved less overall and did not change up until week three of treatment. Individuals with higher perceived social support had higher odds of being classified as “immediate improvers”. In contrast, individuals fulfilling the criteria for a current MDD in a structured clinical interview (SCID-I) and individuals with high outcome expectations had higher odds of being classified as “delayed improvers”. In summary, the results stressed the similarities between standardized and individualized feedback in IBI for depression concerning efficacy and patterns of change. At the same time the findings highlighted that individuals’ socio-demographic and clinical features influence both the mechanisms of change and symptom courses in IBI for depression, and they had differential effects depending on whether the feedback was standardized or individualized., Unipolare Depression belegt weltweit den ersten Platz in der von der Weltgesundheitsorganisation herausgegebenen Liste der Erkrankungen, die mit der höchsten Krankheitslast einhergehen. Aktuell stehen Betroffenen verschiedene wirksame Behandlungsansätze der Pharmakotherapie und der Psychotherapie zur Verfügung. Nichtsdestotrotz nimmt nur ein Bruchteil dieser Menschen eine evidenz-basierte Therapie in Anspruch. Gründe für diese Unterversorgung liegen zum Teil darin, dass diese Angebote für manche Menschen örtlich schwierig zu erreichen sind oder die zu vereinbarenden Termine nicht mit ihrem sonstigen Lebensalltag zusammenpassen. Internet-basierte Interventionen (IBI) weisen das Potential auf, diese Barrieren zu überwinden, da sie zeitlich und örtlich flexibel Psychoedukation, therapeutische Werkzeuge und (in manchen Fällen) Begleitung durch Kliniker*innen bieten. Während zahlreiche randomisiert-kontrollierte Studien die Wirksamkeit von IBI in der Reduktion depressiver Symptome belegen, ist wenig über die Veränderungsmechanismen bekannt. Dabei könnten sowohl Aspekte der Intervention selbst (z.B. die therapeutische Begleitung durch Kliniker*innen) als auch Indikatoren des Behandlungsprozesses (z.B. Ausmaß der Inanspruchnahme der Behandlung, Therapieallianz, Erfolgserwartungen) und individuumsspezifische Variablen (z.B. soziodemografische oder sozioökonomische Eigenschaften) einen Beitrag zur Erklärung der Symptomveränderung während der Behandlung leisten. Die vorliegende Doktorarbeit stellt drei Studien vor, die Erkenntnisse zu diesem Thema beitragen. Alle drei Studien basieren auf einer Stichprobe von 1089 leicht- bis mittelgradig depressive belasteten Versicherten einer gesetzlichen Krankenkasse. Die Teilnehmenden wurden randomisiert einer von zwei Bedingungen zugeteilt: Im Rahmen einer ansonsten identischen kognitiv-behavioralen IBI für Depression, erhielten sie wöchentlich entweder automatisches, voll-standardisiertes Feedback oder Feedback, welches durch ein*e Berater*in individualisiert wurde. In STUDIE 1 wurden Unterschiede zwischen den beiden Experimentalgruppen in der Veränderung von klinischen (Depression, Angst, Grübeln) und psychosozialen Variablen (emotionale Selbstwirksamkeit, Lebensqualität, wahrgenommene soziale Unterstützung) untersucht. Die Zwischengruppeneffekte wurden nach der Intervention sowie 3, 6 und 12 Monate nach der Teilnahme evaluiert. Während große Innergruppeneffekte zeigten, dass die depressive Symptomatik in beiden Bedingungen signifikant zurückging, waren die Zwischengruppen-Effekte auf keinem der selbstberichteten Outcome-Maße und zu keinem der untersuchten Zeitpunkte signifikant. In STUDIE 2 wurden Erfolgserwartungen, therapeutische Allianz (agreement on tasks and goals; bond), extra-therapeutische Stressoren sowie die Inanspruchnahme spezifischer Behandlungselemente hinsichtlich ihres Beitrags zur Erklärung von wöchentlichen Veränderungen depressiver Symptome in beiden Bedingungen untersucht. Die Ergebnisse zeigten, dass eine Verringerung extra-therapeutischer Stressoren und hohe task- und goal-Werte in beiden Bedingungen mit einer Verringerung der Symptombelastung einhergingen. Während die Ausgangswerte des extra-therapeutischen Stresses nur in der voll-standardisierten Bedingung mit Symptomverschlechterung zusammenhingen, waren hohe bond-ratings nur in der individualisierten Variante mit einer Symptomverschlechterung in der letzten Behandlungswoche assoziiert. In STUDIE 3 wurde in beiden Bedingungen untersucht, ob es verschiedene Teilnehmendengruppen gibt, die distinkte Muster der Symptomveränderung aufweisen. Zusätzlich wurde geprüft ob psychosoziale, klinische oder sozioökonomische Eigenschaften der Teilnehmenden eine Zugehörigkeit zu diesen Gruppen vorhersagen. Die Ergebnisse zeigten, dass sich die Veränderungsmuster und die zugehörigen Gruppen nicht zwischen den Bedingungen unterschieden. In beiden Varianten wiesen die meisten Teilnehmenden (62.5%) ein Symptommuster über die Zeit auf, welches als „unmittelbare Verbesserung“ charakterisiert werden konnte. Diese Gruppe zeichnete sich durch substantielle Symptomreduktion über die Zeit aus, welche bereits vor Behandlungsbeginn ihren Anfang nahm. Die Symptomentwicklung der zweiten Gruppe (37.4%) kann als „verzögerte Verbesserung“ beschrieben werden. Hier stagnierten die Symptome bis zur dritten Behandlungswoche und es war insgesamt eine geringere Veränderung über die Dauer der Behandlung zu verzeichnen. Hohe wahrgenommene soziale Unterstützung sagte die Mitgliedschaft in der Gruppe mit „unmittelbarer Verbesserung“ vorher, während Teilnehmende mit einer aktuellen depressiven Episode (nach strukturiertem klinischen Interview, SKID-I) sowie Individuen mit hohen Erfolgserwartungen mit höherer Wahrscheinlichkeit der Gruppe mit „verzögerter Verbesserung“ angehörten. Zusammenfassend unterstreichen die Ergebnisse die Ähnlichkeiten zwischen IBI mit individualisiertem und standardisiertem Feedback sowohl hinsichtlich der Effektivität als auch hinsichtlich resultierender Muster der Symptomveränderung. Zugleich weisen die Befunde darauf hin, dass die soziodemografischen und klinischen Charakteristika der Teilnehmenden – je nach Experimentalbedingung unterschiedlichen – Einfluss auf den Veränderungsprozess haben.
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- 2020
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29. Only on Invitation? How the Recruitment Strategy Determines Who Is Treated Online.
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Zagorscak, Pavle, Bohn, Johannes, Heinrich, Manuel, Kampisiou, Christina, and Knaevelsrud, Christine
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SICK leave , *CONVENIENCE sampling (Statistics) , *AFFECTIVE disorders , *HEALTH insurance - Abstract
Background: Participants for efficacy studies on Internet-based interventions (IBI) are recruited through self-selected convenience sampling or targeted external invitations. Comparisons are necessary to determine how recruitment strategies influence sample composition. Such comparisons consequently yield potential for evaluating which conditions are more probable to fulfill IBI's promise to be an effective treatment option for underserved populations. Methods: A comparison of sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of differently recruited participants in an IBI for mild to moderate depression was made: (1) individuals on sick leave due to an affective disorder who were informed about the IBI by their health insurance (n= 308) and (2) individuals who self-selected to participate (e.g., after seeing information on the IBI in print media; n= 699). Results: Compared to the self-selected group, the externally selected group was older, less educated, spent less time on the Internet, had a less positive attitude towards IBI, and comprised more men. Groups did not differ in initial symptom severity, in-treatment symptom change, or previous psychotherapeutic experiences. Conclusions: The results indicate that larger shares of underserved subpopulations (e.g., less educated, older, male, less internet-savvy) begin an IBI treatment when the insurer informs them about the IBI. Recruitment source does not influence efficacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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30. 11 - A school-based cyberbullying preventive intervention approach: The Media Heroes program
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Schultze-Krumbholz, Anja, Zagorscak, Pavle, and Scheithauer, Herbert
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- 2018
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31. How individuals change during internet‐based interventions for depression: A randomized controlled trial comparing standardized and individualized feedback
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Zagorscak, Pavle, primary, Heinrich, Manuel, additional, Bohn, Johannes, additional, Stein, Jana, additional, and Knaevelsrud, Christine, additional
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- 2019
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32. Only on Invitation? How the Recruitment Strategy Determines Who Is Treated Online
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Zagorscak, Pavle, primary, Bohn, Johannes, additional, Heinrich, Manuel, additional, Kampisiou, Christina, additional, and Knaevelsrud, Christine, additional
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- 2019
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33. The Influence of School Climate and Empathy on Cyberbystanders’ Intention to Assist or Defend in Cyberbullying
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Schultze-Krumbholz, Anja, primary, Zagorscak, Pavle, additional, Hess, Markus, additional, and Scheithauer, Herbert, additional
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- 2019
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34. Prävention von Cybermobbing in Schulen mit dem Programm Medienhelden
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Scheithauer, Herbert, primary, Zagorscak, Pavle, primary, and Schultze-Krumbholz, Anja, primary
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- 2019
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35. Supplemental_Material-_Giving_G_a_Meaning_-_final – Supplemental material for Giving G a Meaning: An Application of the Bifactor-(S-1) Approach to Realize a More Symptom-Oriented Modeling of the Beck Depression Inventory–II
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Heinrich, Manuel, Zagorscak, Pavle, Eid, Michael, and Knaevelsrud, Christine
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FOS: Psychology ,160807 Sociological Methodology and Research Methods ,170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified ,FOS: Sociology - Abstract
Supplemental material, Supplemental_Material-_Giving_G_a_Meaning_-_final for Giving G a Meaning: An Application of the Bifactor-(S-1) Approach to Realize a More Symptom-Oriented Modeling of the Beck Depression Inventory–II by Manuel Heinrich, Pavle Zagorscak, Michael Eid and Christine Knaevelsrud in Assessment
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- 2018
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36. Nur auf Einladung? Wie die Rekrutierungsstrategie beeinflusst, wer online behandelt wird
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Zagorscak, Pavle, primary, Bohn, Johannes, additional, Heinrich, Manuel, additional, Kampisiou, Christina, additional, and Knaevelsrud, Christine, additional
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- 2019
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37. Giving G a Meaning: An Application of the Bifactor-(S-1) Approach to Realize a More Symptom-Oriented Modeling of the Beck Depression Inventory–II.
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Heinrich, Manuel, Zagorscak, Pavle, Eid, Michael, and Knaevelsrud, Christine
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DIAGNOSIS of mental depression , *PREDICTIVE tests , *HEALTH status indicators , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *MATHEMATICAL models , *PSYCHOLOGICAL stress , *PSYCHOMETRICS , *THEORY , *FACTOR analysis , *PSYCHOLOGICAL tests , *MENTAL depression , *PATIENTS' attitudes - Abstract
The Beck Depression Inventory–II is one of the most frequently used scales to assess depressive burden. Despite many psychometric evaluations, its factor structure is still a topic of debate. An increasing number of articles using fully symmetrical bifactor models have been published recently. However, they all produce anomalous results, which lead to psychometric and interpretational difficulties. To avoid anomalous results, the bifactor-(S-1) approach has recently been proposed as alternative for fitting bifactor structures. The current article compares the applicability of fully symmetrical bifactor models and symptom-oriented bifactor-(S-1) and first-order confirmatory factor analysis models in a large clinical sample (N = 3,279) of adults. The results suggest that bifactor-(S-1) models are preferable when bifactor structures are of interest, since they reduce problematic results observed in fully symmetrical bifactor models and give the G factor an unambiguous meaning. Otherwise, symptom-oriented first-order confirmatory factor analysis models present a reasonable alternative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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38. Giving G a Meaning: An Application of the Bifactor-(S-1) Approach to Realize a More Symptom-Oriented Modeling of the Beck Depression Inventory–II
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Heinrich, Manuel, primary, Zagorscak, Pavle, additional, Eid, Michael, additional, and Knaevelsrud, Christine, additional
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- 2018
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39. Efficacy of Cyberbullying Prevention on Somatic Symptoms—Randomized Controlled Trial Applying a Reasoned Action Approach
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Zagorscak, Pavle, primary, Schultze‐Krumbholz, Anja, additional, Heinrich, Manuel, additional, Wölfer, Ralf, additional, and Scheithauer, Herbert, additional
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- 2018
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40. Efficacy of Cyberbullying Prevention on Somatic Symptoms—Randomized Controlled Trial Applying a Reasoned Action Approach.
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Zagorscak, Pavle, Schultze‐Krumbholz, Anja, Heinrich, Manuel, Wölfer, Ralf, and Scheithauer, Herbert
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THEORY of reasoned action , *CYBERBULLYING , *STRUCTURAL equation modeling - Abstract
The theory of reasoned action (ToRA) has been proposed as a framework for cyberbullying prevention design, targeting attitudes and norms. In this study effects of a long (10 weekly sessions) and a short (one day, four sessions) cyberbullying prevention program based on the ToRA were compared with a control group over 9 months. Longitudinal data from 722 students (mean age = 13.36) on cyberbullying, somatic symptoms, attitudes, and norms were analyzed within a structural equation model. Participation in the long intervention group significantly reduced cyberbullying (d = −0.584) and somatic symptoms (d = −0.316). No between‐group differences emerged for attitudes and norms. Developmental trajectories and associations were found to be as suggested by ToRA in both cross‐sectional and change‐score analyses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
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41. Challenger accepted?! Ergebnisse der Pilotierung einer App für Menschen mit sozialen Ängsten
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Sommer, Daniel, Marklund, Arvid, Zagorscak, Pavle, Carlbring, Per, Knaevelsrud, Christine, Böttcher, Johanna, Sommer, Daniel, Marklund, Arvid, Zagorscak, Pavle, Carlbring, Per, Knaevelsrud, Christine, and Böttcher, Johanna
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Hintergrund: Die Behandlung der sozialen Angststörung (SAS) durch internetbasierte kognitive Verhaltenstherapie (iKVT) verfügt bereits über breite Evidenz. Angesichts zunehmender Fokussierung auf internetfähige mobile Endgeräte für psychologische Interventionen überrascht es daher, dass bislang keine wissenschaftlich evaluierte Smartphone-Anwendung (App) für SAS in App-Stores erhältlich ist. Wir präsentieren Ergebnisse einer ersten randomisiert-kontrollierten Evaluierung der deutschen Version von „Challenger“ – einer speziell für Menschen mit sozialen Ängsten konzipierten, frei zugänglichen App. Ergänzend zu KVT- und Achtsamkeitselementen, generiert Challenger auf User zugeschnittene „Challenges“ - Expositionsübungen, Gedanken- und Verhaltensexperimente sowie Psychoedukation. Interaktive (peer-support) und innovative (Echtzeitanpassung an User-Umwelt mittels GPS) Elemente werden durch ein auf „Gamification“-Prinzipien beruhendes Konzept miteinander verknüpft. Methode: 77 sozial ängstliche Studierende wurden zwei Gruppen (6-wöchiger Zugang zur App oder Warteliste) randomisiert zugeteilt. Daten zu Nutzungsverhalten sowie Benutzerfreundlichkeit wurden erhoben. Soziale Ängstlichkeit wurde mit dem Social Phobia Inventory gemessen, sekundäre Maße umfassten allgemeine Ängstlichkeit, depressive und globale Symptombelastung. Ergebnisse: Die Auswertung der Nutzungsdaten ergab eine klare Präferenz für nicht-konfrontative Challenges, die ohne Beteiligung Dritter absolviert werden konnten. Zufriedenheits- und Benutzerfreundlichkeitsratings der App fielen gemischt aus. Analysen der Completer-Stichprobe zeigten eine signifikante Reduktion sozialer Ängste (Effektstärke PRÄ-POST innerhalb der Interventionsgruppe: d = - 0.94; zwischen Gruppen: d = 0.61), jedoch nicht-signifikante Verbesserungen auf sekundären Ergebnismaßen. Analysen nach Multipler Imputation fehlender Werte ergaben keine signifikanten Unterschiede. Diskussion: Zukünftige Herausforderungen in der Weiterentwicklung der
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- 2016
42. Feeling cybervictims’ pain-The effect of empathy training on cyberbullying
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Schultze-Krumbholz, Anja, primary, Schultze, Martin, additional, Zagorscak, Pavle, additional, Wölfer, Ralf, additional, and Scheithauer, Herbert, additional
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- 2015
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43. Prävention von Cybermobbing und Reduzierung aggressiven Verhaltens Jugendlicher durch das Programm Medienhelden: Ergebnisse einer Evaluationsstudie
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Schultze-Krumbholz, Anja, Zagorscak, Pavle, Wölfer, Ralf, Scheithauer, Herbert, Schultze-Krumbholz, Anja, Zagorscak, Pavle, Wölfer, Ralf, and Scheithauer, Herbert
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"'Medienhelden' stellt eine der ersten evaluierten Interventions- und Präventionsmaßnahmen gegen Cybermobbing dar. Es bietet eine Langversion (IGL) über zehn Wochen und eine Kurzversion (IGK) von einem Tag. In der vorliegenden Studie wurden die Effekte mit den Werten einer Kontrollgruppe (KG) ohne Intervention verglichen. Längsschnittliche Daten (vor und sechs Monate nach der Intervention) von insgesamt 590 Schülerinnen und Schülern (M=13.30 Jahre, SD=0.96 Jahre; 51.7% Mädchen, 46.1% Jungen) konnten für die vorliegende Fragestellung berücksichtigt werden. Vergleiche wurden mittels MANOVAs, ANOVAs und t-Tests für verbundene Stichproben angestellt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass das Programm in der IGL wirksam Cybermobbing und die Bereitschaft zu Cybermobbing reduziert und zu einer Stagnation der Aggression führt. In der IGK stagnierten alle Werte, während sie sich in der KG verschlechterten. Die IGL zeigte gegenüber der IGK und die IGK gegenüber der KG höhere Effekte. 'Medienhelden' zeigte eine Langzeitwirkung sowohl auf das Verhalten als auch auf zugrundeliegende Risikofaktoren. Auf Grundlage der Ergebnisse wird vor allem der Einsatz der Langversion im Schulkontext empfohlen." (Autorenreferat), "The 'Medienhelden' program is one of the first evaluated preventive intervention approaches targeting cyberbullying. A ten-week-long version (IGL) and a short, one day version (IGK) are both available. The effects were compared to a control group (KG) with no intervention. Longitudinal data (before and approximately six months after the intervention) were available from 590 students (M=13.30 years, SD=0.96 years; 51.7% girls, 46.1% boys). Comparisons were conducted using MANOVAs, ANOVAs, and paired t-tests. Results show that the program effectively reduces cyberbullying and willingness to cyberbully others, and levels of aggression scores in the IGL. In the IGK, all scores stagnated, while they worsened in the KG. The IGL showed higher effects than the IGK and the IGK showed higher effects compared to the KG. The 'Medienhelden' program showed long-term effects on the behavior itself as well as on underlying risk factors. Based on the results, the utilization of the long version is especially recommended within schools." (author's abstract)
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- 2014
44. Das Medienhelden-Programm zur Förderung von Medienkompetenz und Prävention von Cybermobbing: Konzept und Ergebnisse aus der Evaluation
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Schultze-Krumbholz, Anja, primary, Zagorscak, Pavle, additional, Wölfer, Ralf, additional, and Scheithauer, Herbert, additional
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- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Prävention von Cybermobbing und Reduzierung aggressiven Verhaltens Jugendlicher durch das Programm Medienhelden: Ergebnisse einer Evaluationsstudie
- Author
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Schultze-Krumbholz, Anja, primary, Zagorscak, Pavle, additional, Wölfer, Ralf, additional, and Scheithauer, Herbert, additional
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Prevention 2.0: Targeting Cyberbullying @ School
- Author
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Wölfer, Ralf, primary, Schultze-Krumbholz, Anja, additional, Zagorscak, Pavle, additional, Jäkel, Anne, additional, Göbel, Kristin, additional, and Scheithauer, Herbert, additional
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. How individuals change during internet‐based interventions for depression: A randomized controlled trial comparing standardized and individualized feedback.
- Author
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Zagorscak, Pavle, Heinrich, Manuel, Bohn, Johannes, Stein, Jana, and Knaevelsrud, Christine
- Subjects
- *
RANDOMIZED controlled trials , *MENTAL depression , *PSYCHOLOGICAL feedback , *SOCIAL support , *AFFECTIVE disorders - Abstract
Background: Standardized and individualized Internet‐based interventions (IBI) for depression yield significant symptom improvements. However, change patterns during standardized or individualized IBI are unknown. Identifying subgroups that experience different symptom courses during IBI and their characteristics is vital for improving response. Methods: Mildly to moderately depressed individuals according to self‐report (N = 1,089) were randomized to receive module‐wise feedback that was either standardized or individualized by a counselor within an otherwise identical cognitive‐behavioral IBI for depression (seven modules over six weeks). Depressive symptoms were assessed at baseline and before each module (Patient Health Questionnaire; PHQ‐9). Other individual characteristics (self‐report) and the presence of an affective disorder (structured clinical interview) were assessed at baseline. Growth mixture modeling was used to identify and compare subgroups with discernable change patterns and associated client variables across conditions. Results: Model comparisons suggest equal change patterns in both conditions. Across conditions, a group of immediate (62.5%) and a group of delayed improvers (37.5%) were identified. Immediate improvers decreased their PHQ‐9 score by 5.5 points from pre to post, with 33% of improvement occurring before treatment commenced. Delayed improvers were characterized by stable symptom severity during the first two modules and smaller overall symptom decrease (3.4 points). Higher treatment expectations, a current major depressive disorder (interview), and lower social support were associated with delayed improvement. Conclusion: Internet‐based interventions for depression with individualized and with standardized feedback lead to comparable patterns of change. Expectation management and bolstering of social support are promising strategies for individuals that are at risk for delayed improvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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48. Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Depression: A Systematic Review and Individual Patient Data Network Meta-analysis.
- Author
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Karyotaki E, Efthimiou O, Miguel C, Bermpohl FMG, Furukawa TA, Cuijpers P, Riper H, Patel V, Mira A, Gemmil AW, Yeung AS, Lange A, Williams AD, Mackinnon A, Geraedts A, van Straten A, Meyer B, Björkelund C, Knaevelsrud C, Beevers CG, Botella C, Strunk DR, Mohr DC, Ebert DD, Kessler D, Richards D, Littlewood E, Forsell E, Feng F, Wang F, Andersson G, Hadjistavropoulos H, Christensen H, Ezawa ID, Choi I, Rosso IM, Klein JP, Shumake J, Garcia-Campayo J, Milgrom J, Smith J, Montero-Marin J, Newby JM, Bretón-López J, Schneider J, Vernmark K, Bücker L, Sheeber LB, Warmerdam L, Farrer L, Heinrich M, Huibers MJH, Kivi M, Kraepelien M, Forand NR, Pugh N, Lindefors N, Lintvedt O, Zagorscak P, Carlbring P, Phillips R, Johansson R, Kessler RC, Brabyn S, Perini S, Rauch SL, Gilbody S, Moritz S, Berger T, Pop V, Kaldo V, Spek V, and Forsell Y
- Subjects
- Humans, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Depression therapy, Depressive Disorder therapy, Internet-Based Intervention, Network Meta-Analysis
- Abstract
Importance: Personalized treatment choices would increase the effectiveness of internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (iCBT) for depression to the extent that patients differ in interventions that better suit them., Objective: To provide personalized estimates of short-term and long-term relative efficacy of guided and unguided iCBT for depression using patient-level information., Data Sources: We searched PubMed, Embase, PsycInfo, and Cochrane Library to identify randomized clinical trials (RCTs) published up to January 1, 2019., Study Selection: Eligible RCTs were those comparing guided or unguided iCBT against each other or against any control intervention in individuals with depression. Available individual patient data (IPD) was collected from all eligible studies. Depression symptom severity was assessed after treatment, 6 months, and 12 months after randomization., Data Extraction and Synthesis: We conducted a systematic review and IPD network meta-analysis and estimated relative treatment effect sizes across different patient characteristics through IPD network meta-regression., Main Outcomes and Measures: Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) scores., Results: Of 42 eligible RCTs, 39 studies comprising 9751 participants with depression contributed IPD to the IPD network meta-analysis, of which 8107 IPD were synthesized. Overall, both guided and unguided iCBT were associated with more effectiveness as measured by PHQ-9 scores than control treatments over the short term and the long term. Guided iCBT was associated with more effectiveness than unguided iCBT (mean difference [MD] in posttreatment PHQ-9 scores, -0.8; 95% CI, -1.4 to -0.2), but we found no evidence of a difference at 6 or 12 months following randomization. Baseline depression was found to be the most important modifier of the relative association for efficacy of guided vs unguided iCBT. Differences between unguided and guided iCBT in people with baseline symptoms of subthreshold depression (PHQ-9 scores 5-9) were small, while guided iCBT was associated with overall better outcomes in patients with baseline PHQ-9 greater than 9., Conclusions and Relevance: In this network meta-analysis with IPD, guided iCBT was associated with more effectiveness than unguided iCBT for individuals with depression, benefits were more substantial in individuals with moderate to severe depression. Unguided iCBT was associated with similar effectiveness among individuals with symptoms of mild/subthreshold depression. Personalized treatment selection is entirely possible and necessary to ensure the best allocation of treatment resources for depression.
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- 2021
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49. [Promotion of media competence and prevention of cyberbullying using the Medienhelden program: results from an evaluation study ].
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Scheithauer H, Schultze-Krumbholz A, Wölfer R, and Zagorscak P
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- Adolescent, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Curriculum, Empathy, Female, Germany, Humans, Male, Manuals as Topic, Self Concept, Social Adjustment, Adaptation, Psychological, Bullying, Cell Phone, Computer Literacy, Computers, Crime Victims psychology, Schools, Social Media, Software
- Abstract
The manualized Medienhelden (engl. Media Heroes) program (Schultze-Krumbholz, Zagorscak, Siebenbrock, Scheithauer, 2012) is implemented in the school environment either as a ten-week program during lessons (curriculum; IGL) or as a single project day with reduced content of the long version (IGK). In consecutive lessons, topics of the program are, for example: definition of cyberbullying, its negative impact, how to protect oneself on the internet, and opportunities to react in appropriate ways. The program utilizes mainly cognitive-behavioral methods. In the present contribution the program and selected results from a controlled, pre-follow-up evaluation study with 570 adolescents (Ncontrolgroup = 289, NIGK = 98 and NIGL = 183), from one general high school and four college preparatory high schools from a German major city will be presented. Results show that cyberbullying decreased in both intervention groups (project day, curriculum) compared to the control group while at the same time an increase of social competencies, self-esteem, and subjective health was observed. These effects were more pronounced for the curriculum intervention group. An opposite pattern was found for the control group: Cyberbullying and empathy worsened, and no change was found for perspective-taking, self-esteem, and subjective health. The program shows both preventive and intervention effects.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
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