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Introduction: Coronavirus diseases-2019 (COVID-19) have been ongoing for more than two years. Despite the scientific research conducted in this process, there is still no widely accepted definitive treatment for the disease. For treating COVID-19, using antiviral agents previously used for the treatment of other RNA-virus infections has been seen as a fast way to a solution, and favipiravir is one of the leading agents. This prospective, multicenter, observational study was designed to investigate the safety of favipiravir in 500 patients treated with favipravir for favipravir. Methods: This study was conducted as a multicenter prospective study. Eight different sites from four cities participated, and 500 patients were included in the study. Follow-up of laboratory parameters, adverse events (AEs), and amelioration of fever, dyspnea, and cough symptoms of the patients was recorded in a case report form. Results: A total of 475 patients from eight centers completed the study. A total of 401 AEs were reported in 206 (51.4%) patients, which were mild-to-moderate in the majority of cases. Serious AEs occurred in 5 patients and death occurred in 4 patients. From the first to the last measurement, serum alanine aminotransferase levels (31.9±27.7 vs. 47.2±49.7 U/L, p37.8 for 6.6% on day 3, 3.2% on day 5, and 0.6% on day 10), dyspnea (for 56.4% on day 5, 62.4% on day 7, and 81.2% on day 10), and cough (46.0% on day 5, 73.0% on day 7, and 87.3% on day 10) were noted in an increasingly higher percentage of patients with continued therapy. Conclusion: The current study provides real-life data of favipiravir, which is a unique option in Turkey for treating COVID-19 patients. The results revealed that favipiravir is a well-tolerated agent with a low side-effect profile. However, it needs to be evaluated with well-designed, dose-compared, randomized controlled studies for the evaluation of efficacy.

The organizations in service sector in intense competition environment fall behind as a result of not showing performance in desired level and have to leave from the sector. In terms of leadership styles, it is necessary to manage the satisfaction and team management with the right understanding in the superior-subordinate relationship hierarchy of the organizations. By managing and guiding employees correctly, organizations can achieve their goals that they set. The research model examines how institutions in the service sector affect employees and innovation through the empowering influence of leadership. When the findings are analyzed, it was found that empowering leadership and proactive personality variables had positive effects on career satisfaction, innovation and creativity activities. Within the scope of the study, survey were conducted with 483 white-collar workers (administrative personnel) who work in the service sector. IBM SPSS 25 Statistical Software Program and SPSS AMOS were used to make analysis. Since there were 5-point Likert-scale questions in the study, confirmatory and explanatory factor analysis was conducted. After factor analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, regression analysis, and Sobel test was made for the analysis of hypothesis and regression analysis.

Purpose – The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between innovative climate, strategic orientation, work motivation, business performance and job performance. Design/methodology/approach – Within the scope of the research, a survey was conducted with 400 engineers working in organizations operating within companies producing spare parts for automobile companies. IBM SPSS 25, IBM SPSS AMOS and LISREL programs were gradually used, and the data obtained were evaluated and analyzed. Findings – The importance of strategic orientation and work motivation for organizations can be seen in the analysis results in terms of their positive effects. Practical implications – In the production sector, where innovation and competition activities take place, not only strategic decisions but also motivation for employees must be realized within the organizational culture in order for the organizations to be successful. Strategic orientation is effective in achieving innovation and creation to the extent that employees are motivated. Originality/value – In terms of successful performance, it is very important to manage companies with the right strategic understanding and to involve the employees. In order to realize the innovation climate and to be successful in performance criteria, motivation is considered a key factor, in particular for the automobile sector. Automobile companies are now turning to electric vehicle production using new generation technologies. However, they also attach importance to the use of smart technologies in cars. For this reason, the effects of strategic orientation and work motivation on performance and innovation are investigated in companies producing automobile spare parts.

This study examines the effects of strategic vision and digital innovation on the performance and perceptions of digital natives regarding artificial intelligence (AI) in banks. This is due to the increased use of mobile banking applications with the proliferation of the internet. An online questionnaire was administered to 603 experts working in bank headquarters. The collected data were analyzed using the SmartPLS 3.3.3 software. Banks that adopt digital business strategies can gain a significant competitive advantage. To successfully transform and compete, banks need to address customer demands in the areas of digitalization, innovation, and mobile banking. This research is original in its evaluation of the strategic visions and digital innovations of banks, which play a crucial role in the service sector, with implications for finance, innovation, and mobile applications. The results demonstrate the positive effects of strategic vision and digital innovation on performance and digital natives' perceptions of AI. The hypotheses support the importance of digitalization and innovation for banks.

The aim of the research is to examine the innovation performance of the electric/electronic firms within the technopark in their sector and the internal-to-firm transaction cost and imitation capability that affect the competitiveness of the firm and the relationships between the variables. The products that firms offer to the market are affected by each other. In this case, the imitation capabilities of firms come to the fore. However, in order to be successful in innovation and competitive environment, it is necessary to manage the internal-to-firm transaction cost well. Within the scope of the study, a survey has been made to the engineers working in the electrical/electronic firms that produce and innovate within the body of technopark in Istanbul. A face-to-face survey study could be conducted, as production was not interrupted in the firms working in Technopark even during the pandemic process and remote working conditions were not possible for the production sector. Randomly selected firms were visited and 501 employees were interviewed. Analyzes were made using the SmartPLS 3.4 Program. A 5-point Likert scale was used in the survey, factor analysis was used to determine the suitability of the scale expressions, reliability/validity analyzes were used to determine the consistency of the scale, and correlation analysis was used to determine the degree of relationship between the variables. Path analysis was used to test the hypotheses. The same program was used to determine the mediation effect. As a result of the analyzes, it can be explained that the cost of intra-firm transaction and imitation capability have positive effects on innovation performance and competitiveness of the firms.

El objetivo de este estudio es analizar los efectos de la adquisición de competencias y conocimientos digitales en el rendimiento y las percepciones de los nativos digitales sobre la banca móvil como consecuencia del aumento del uso de aplicaciones bancarias móviles con la difusión de Internet. Se realizó una encuesta a 337 técnicos administrativos que actúan en las direcciones generales de los bandos, cuyos datos fueron analizados con el programa SmartPLS 3.3.3. Entre los resultados destaca que la capacidad digital y la adquisición de conocimientos tienen efectos positivos tanto en los resultados como en las percepciones de los nativos digitales sobre la banca móvil. Las hipótesis apoyan que los bancos deben dar importancia a la digitalización y a la información. La investigación abarca un sector específico dentro de un ámbito determinado, ya que los datos se obtuvieron del personal experto que trabaja en las direcciones generales de los bancos de Estambul. Los resultados también podrían aplicarse para analizar el rendimiento efectivo de otras empresas que prestan servicios a través de aplicaciones móviles.

El propósito de este estudio era analizar las relaciones entre las variables de orientación a los objetivos de aprendizaje, orientación a los objetivos de rendimiento, apoyo ejecutivo, eficacia creativa del equipo y rendimiento del desarrollo de nuevos servicios. En el marco del propósito de la investigación, se realizó un estudio con 592 empleados que trabajaban en organizaciones que operaban en el sector de la producción. Se utilizaron los programas IBM SPSS 25 e IBM SPSS AMOS de forma incremental, y se evaluaron y analizaron los datos adquiridos. Como resultado del análisis, se destaca que las organizaciones deben dar importancia al aprendizaje y al rendimiento especialmente por sus efectos positivos. Dado que la investigación se realiza sobre los empleados del sector de la producción, abarca un sector específico en un ámbito concreto. Los resultados de la investigación son aplicables al apoyo ejecutivo y al rendimiento de las empresas del sector de la producción para que sean más eficaces. La investigación es original en cuanto a la evaluación de la orientación a los objetivos de aprendizaje y la orientación a los objetivos de rendimiento en las empresas del sector de la producción.

In today’s competitive environment and global world, where the boundaries have disappeared as a result of the continuous development in communication and technology, the attitudes and behaviours of the employees in their organisations are becoming more important in terms of employees’ performance, strategic human resources management (SHRM), leadership roles of senior managers. In this study, the effects of (SHRM) and servant leadership on ‘rule breaking’ behaviours and ‘job satisfaction’ of the employees in their organisation have been examined. Our findings and analyses show that private organisations are afraid of losing customers in competitive environments and therefore their employees go beyond the determined procedures to sustain the interests of their organisation. Future studies should focus on the attitudes and behaviors of individuals in order to develop new theoretical concepts and better studies related to human resources and leadership styles. The sample population of our study consists of 385 white-collar employees working in the public and private sectors in the Central Anatolia region. 228 were employed in the private sector and 157 in the public sector. Findings were subjected to factor and reliability analyses using SPSS AMOS 22 program, hypotheses were tested by regression analysis and the results were analysed and evaluated.

The aim of this research is to show the effects of the relations between capability similarity and opportunistic behaviors and competitiveness and performance from firms. The research provides the basis for capability similarity and opportunistic behaviors. The research was carried out in companies with at least 100 stores, which are centrally located in Istanbul and have a significant share in the service sector. The data were statistically analyzed using the Smartpls 3.2 Package Program. The research showed that the organizations’ capabilities and opportunistic behavior influenced their performance and competitiveness.

The aim of this study is to analyze the relationships between leadership effectiveness, knowledge sharing behavior, business performance, firm strategy, and firm performance. In this study, to reveal the relationships, statistical analyses were applied to the data collected using one-to-one questionnaire techniques while the relationships between the variables were tried to be revealed. In this study, the importance of knowledge sharing behavior and the positive effects of both independent variable and mediator variable on the organization are emphasized. In addition, the positive effect of leadership effectiveness and knowledge sharing behavior on work performance, firm strategy, and firm performance variables was detected. Analysis was made using LISREL, IBM SPSS 23 software program, and SPSS PROCESS V.3 add-in, and confirmatory and explanatory factor analysis and reliability analysis were performed on questions using Likert-type scale. In the analysis of the relationships between variables in the correlation menu of the main menus of SPSS Program, the regression menu was used to test the hypotheses and to reveal the mediation variable effect of the PROCESS V.3 add-in. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed by LISREL program.

In the production sector, where innovation and creativity activities are intensely realized, organizations need not only creativity activities but also process management in a successful organizational culture in order to be successful in the competitive environment in terms of both leadership and innovation activities. In terms of leadership, institutions need to be managed with a correct understanding. The aim of this study is to analyze the relationships between open leadership, innovation orientation, employee creativity, organizational culture and process management variables. In this study, the effects of open leadership role on innovation and employee creativity activities and process management were investigated. At the same time, innovation orientation mediated effect was demonstrated. In the scope of aim of the study, a survey was conducted with 418 engineers working in the production sector. IBM SPSS 25 program, LISREL program and SOBEL calculation tool were used in the analysis. The data obtained were evaluated. Confirmatory and explanatory factor analysis and reliability analysis were performed on questions used Likert scale. In this study, it is concluded that the mediation variable effect of innovation orientation variable is on both organizational culture and creativity and process management.