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The study intends to investigate the impact of servant leadership on pro-social rule-breaking directly and through the intervening mechanism of psychological safety. More, the study also plans to investigate whether compassion at work moderates the effect of servant leadership on psychological safety and pro-social rule-breaking and the indirect intervening effect of psychological safety between servant leadership and pro-social rule-breaking. Responses were collected from 273 frontline public servants in Pakistan. Using social information processing theory, the results revealed that servant leadership positively influences pro-social rule-breaking and psychological safety and that psychological safety influences pro-social rule-breaking. Results also revealed that psychological safety acts as an intervening mechanism in the relationship between servant leadership and pro-social rule-breaking. Moreover, compassion at work significantly moderates the relationships of servant leadership with psychological safety and pro-social rule-breaking, and that compassion at work ultimately alters the size of the intervening effect of psychological safety between the connection of servant leadership and pro-social rule-breaking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The cobalt(II) chloride N,N,N-pincer complexes, [2-{(2,4-(C15H13)2-6-FC6H2)N=CMe}-6-(ArN=CMe)C5H3N]CoCl2 (Ar = 2,6-Me2C6H3) (Co1), 2,6-Et2C6H3 (Co2), 2,6-i-Pr2C6H3 (Co3), 2,4,6-Me3C6H2 (Co4), 2,6-Et2-4-MeC6H2 (Co5), and [2,6-{(2,4-(C15H13)2-6-FC6H2)N=CMe}2C5H3N]CoCl2 (Co6), each containing at least one N-2,4-bis(dibenzosuberyl)-6-fluorophenyl group, were synthesized in good yield from their corresponding unsymmetrical (L1–L5) and symmetrical bis(imino)pyridines (L6). The molecular structures of Co1 and Co2 spotlighted their distorted square pyramidal geometries (τ5 value range: 0.23–0.29) and variations in steric hindrance offered by the dissimilar N-aryl groups. On activation with either MAO or MMAO, Co1–Co6 all displayed high activities for ethylene polymerization, with levels falling in the order: Co1 > Co4 > Co5 > Co2 > Co3 > Co6. Indeed, the least sterically hindered 2,6-dimethyl Co1 in combination with MAO exhibited a very high activity of 1.15 × 107 g PE mol−1 (Co) h−1 at the operating temperature of 70 °C, which dropped by only 15% at 80 °C and 43% at 90 °C. Vinyl-terminated polyethylenes of high linearity and narrow dispersity were generated by all catalysts, with the most sterically hindered, Co3 and Co6, producing the highest molecular weight polymers [Mw range: 30.26–33.90 kg mol−1 (Co3) and 42.90–43.92 kg mol−1 (Co6)]. In comparison with structurally related cobalt catalysts, it was evident that the presence of the N-2,4-bis(dibenzosuberyl)-6-fluorophenyl groups had a limited effect on catalytic activity but a marked effect on thermal stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, an ultraminiaturized implantable antenna is developed for biotelemetry applications. It has triple-band characteristics in the industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) bands of 902–928 MHz for data telemetry and 2400–2483.5 MHz for power-saving applications and midfield band (1824–1980 MHz) for wireless power transfer simultaneously. The size of the proposed antenna is 0.068 $\lambda _{g}\,\,\times0.048\,\,\lambda _{g}\,\,\times0.0036\,\,\lambda _{g}$ and it is the smallest size of any triple-band implantable antenna ever devised without using shortening vias. Such a compact size is achieved by meandering the shape of the radiating patch and adding open-ended ground slots. Unlike most miniaturized implantable antennas reported in the available literature, no shortening pin is used and this makes the fabrication of the antenna very easy. The bandwidths measured in minced pork muscles are 14% and 24% in the lower and upper ISM bands, respectively, and 12% in the midfield band. The maximum values of the realized gain of the proposed antenna obtained in the heterogeneous skin phantom at 915, 1900, and 2450 MHz are −27.2, −22.2, and −19.9 dBi, respectively. In addition, specific absorption rates (SARs) in the heterogeneous skin and muscle tissues at the three resonance frequencies are calculated and show compliance with the IEEE standards for ensuring human safety. Finally, the range of the biotelemetry link is evaluated by calculating the wireless communication link budget at data rates of 7 kb/s, 100 kb/s, and 10 Mb/s at resonance frequencies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The detuning owing to the complex in-body operating scenarios, environmental factors, and circuitry of the implantable medical devices (IMDs) are the primary concerns in integrating implantable antennas with their corresponding systems. The wide bandwidth achievement for avoiding the detuning challenges is constrained by device specifications and antenna miniaturization. This study presents an ultra-miniaturized antenna of only 10.66 mm3 volume with an ultra-wide bandwidth of 3040 MHz (0.79–3.83 GHz) for a leadless pacemaker (LP). The proposed antenna encompasses the five important bands: ISM (868–868.6 MHz, 902–928 MHz, and 2.4–2.48 GHz), Wireless Medical Telemetry Service (WMTS) (1395–1400 MHz), and the midfield (1.45–1.6 GHz) bands. To consider a practical operating scenario, the antenna was integrated with a battery and controlling electronics of an LP. In a homogeneous heart phantom (HHP), the proposed antenna showed a higher gain of −28.7, −20.02, and −16.7 dBi at 915 MHz, 1.4 GHz, and 2.45 GHz, respectively. The specific absorption rate (SAR) evaluation in the heart of a realistic model guaranteed patient safety by satisfying the IEEE C95.1-2005 and C95.1-1999 guidelines. The antenna is experimentally validated through measurements in minced pork. The strength of the received signal in the measurements confirms a stable biotelemetric link of the proposed ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna with an external monitoring system. The results obtained through simulations and in vitro testing emphasized that the proposed ultra-miniaturized and UWB antenna could operate more efficiently in the heart, thus establishing itself as a suitable candidate for the LPs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An efficient noninvasive system for simultaneous transmission of wireless power and data is vital for continuous human health monitoring. In this article, we present a self-tuned spiral-shaped antenna with dual-band characteristics operating at 920 MHz and 2.4 GHz for efficient wireless power transfer (WPT) and data telemetry, respectively. To avoid vision blockage, the proposed smart contact lens (SCL) dipole antenna comprises two symmetrical spiral arms with inner and outer diameters of 10 and 14 mm, respectively. The SCL antenna was printed on a thin flexible polyimide substrate with a biocompatible polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) coating. The influence of dispersed dielectric properties of PDMS on SCL antenna performance was investigated. Furthermore, the antenna was combined with a miniaturized rectifier and a micro-LED to demonstrate wireless LED illumination on a saline-filled model head. The power transfer efficiency (PTE) as a function of eye movement in the form of a path gain was also investigated. In addition, the PTE across the distance variations from 10 to 30 mm was computed, and a −17.85 dB was achieved at a separation of 12 mm. A specific absorption rate analysis was performed to determine human eye safety under radio frequency exposure from the external transmitter and the results complied with the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection guidelines. Furthermore, a theoretical link power budget analysis was experimentally validated using software-defined radio. Measurements of s-parameters were noted through the use of a saline solution to mimic a realistic human eye and were found to have a reasonable correlation with the simulated results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the impact of servant leadership on the psychological distress of healthcare staff during the Covid-19 crisis. The authors propose that work engagement mediates and mindfulness moderates the direct relationship between servant leadership and psychological distress. Methods: Time-lagged data were collected from 277 healthcare staff working at different hospitals in Pakistan. Process Macro version 3.1 on SPSS 23 was used for statistical analysis. For model fitness, we used AMOS V 22. Results: The results show that servant leadership is negatively related to psychological distress. Furthermore, work engagement mediates the relationship between servant leadership and psychological distress. Moreover, mindfulness is anticipated to moderate the direct relationship between servant leadership and psychological distress, drawing on the social exchange and conservation of resources theory. Discussion: This study finds that servant leadership is vital for the mental health of healthcare staff. Thus, it extends the utility of the concept of servant leadership to the psychology and crisis management literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Radio-frequency (RF) heating relies on a parallel-plate capacitor heating applicator system, necessitates accurate capacitance measurements despite challenges posed by fringing fields. In this paper, we present protocols for improving capacitance measurements of aqueous solutions in a parallel-plate capacitor heating applicator system operating at a frequency of 27.12 MHz. Our method incorporates alpha and beta corrections to optimize the system, ensuring accurate capacitance measurements and enabling RF heating analysis of various samples. A parallel-plate capacitor was designed to be used for dielectric characterization in terms of capacitance and impedance of water and saline under various conditions at different working temperatures. The capacitance and dielectric properties of pure water and saline solutions with varying concentrations were measured at room temperature (25 °C) using a parallel-plate capacitor and RF probe, respectively. The effects of different concentrations of air, pure water, and saline solution on the capacitance of the parallel-plate capacitor heating applicator system were also studied. Alpha and beta values were estimated from simulations to improve the accuracy and precision of the measurements. Furthermore, our RF heating analysis revealed localized overheating at the edges and corners of dry soybeans, while the remaining areas of the sample exhibited improved heating uniformity. Simulations conducted with different heat transfer coefficients highlighted the significance of RF heating in different food products using a 6 kW, 27.12 MHz RF system. Our findings offer implications for designing optimum parallel-plate capacitor heating applicator systems, applicable to fields such as food processing, medical devices, water treatment, and environmental monitoring. • Innovative capacitance measurement protocols to enhance capacitance measurements in parallel-plate capacitors by addressing fringing field challenges. • RF heating system design featuring a robust RF heating system compatible with existing equipment, with applications in food processing and other fields. • Validation and insights from comprehensive simulations and experiments, providing valuable insights into RF heating, particularly in dry soybeans and diverse materials. • Broad application potential spanning across multiple domains, including electronics, medical devices, food processing, and environmental monitoring, showcasing versatile applicability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To maintain the compactness of future 5G smartphones, integration of sub-6 GHz and millimeter-wave (mm-wave) bands is a challenging task due to the large frequency ratio. We, therefore, propose a single-fed triple-band antenna with a large frequency ratio. The proposed antenna is composed of a microstrip patch radiator with an inverted U-shaped slot for dual-band operation in the mm-wave frequencies (28 and 38 GHz). A meandered radiating structure is linked to the microstrip patch radiator through a compact microstrip resonant cell (CMRC) low-pass filter (LPF), which is used for the integration of these structures to be operated at 3.5 GHz. A compact size of 22 mm $\times10$ mm $\times0.508$ mm for the proposed antenna was realized by incorporating the radiator slot, an LPF, the truncated ground, and a meandered line structure. Wide, decoupled −10 dB bandwidths of 12.9%, 5.8%, and 2.4% at 3.5, 28, and 38 GHz, respectively, were realized for the proposed MIMO antenna without utilizing an external decoupling structure. A detailed safety study with respect to specific absorption rates and power densities was analyzed in data, reading, and talking modes. Finally, the measurements were performed in an anechoic chamber, and the measured results were in a good correlation with the simulation results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The sterically and electronically modified cycloheptyl‐fused bis(arylimino)pyridine‐cobalt(II) chloride precatalysts [2,3 : 5,6‐{C4H8C(N‐2,4‐(C15H13)‐6‐R‐C6H2}2C5HN]CoCl2 (R=Me (Co1), Et (Co2), i‐Pr (Co3), Cl (Co4), and F (Co5)) have been prepared via one‐pot synthesis approach. All the precatalysts were characterized by elemental analysis, FT‐IR spectroscopy and the single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction for Co2 confirmed distorted‐square‐pyramidal geometry around the cobalt center. On activation with either MAO (methylaluminoxane) or MMAO (modified methylaluminoxane), all the cobalt precatalysts displayed high catalytic activities for ethylene polymerization with peak performance of 3.47×106 g (PE) mol−1 (Co) h−1 at 50 °C using MAO and 4.53×106 g (PE) mol−1 (Co) h−1 at 30 °C with MMAO. The steric and electronic influence of the ortho‐substitutions (R) displayed significant effect on the catalytic activity and molecular weight of the resultant polyethylene. Notably, the precatalyst Co5 (R=F) exhibited high activity, delivering high‐molecular‐weight (558.17 kg mol−1) polyethylene; highlights the beneficial effect of ortho‐substituents (R) alongside with dibenzocycloheptyl groups. In addition, analysis of the obtained polyethylene showed strictly linear structure with saturated and unsaturated (vinyl) end groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Advancement in the technology of leadless cardiac pacemakers (LCPs) has led to ultracompact designs of implantable antennas. In this study, a small-sized antenna for integration with an LCP, which can be operated in the industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band of 2.4 GHz, is developed. The proposed antenna was constructed in a spiral shape to provide superior miniaturization, less sensitivity to body tissue variation, and low specific absorption rate (SAR) values, and avoid fabrication complexities due to its small size. The antenna with a footprint of $3 \times 4\,\,\times0.5$ mm3 was constructed on a high dielectric material, namely, Rogers RT/duroid 6010. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the smallest footprint with enhanced performance when compared to previous reports related to implantable antennas. In addition, the antenna was integrated with a 3-D printed LCP having dummy electronics and experimentally validated in saline solution and minced pork. The antenna sustained good impedance matching at the ISM band with a measured bandwidth of 21.88% and 15.46% with the device and without the device, respectively. Due to the smooth electric field (surface currents) over the patch, the antenna system had 270.28 and 31.04 W/kg peak SAR for 1 and 10 g of tissues, respectively, with a maximum peak gain of −25.95 dBi. We also discussed the effects of a coaxial cable and the antenna orientation on its performance. From the measured received signal strength, a stable biotelemetric link can be established between the implant and external controlling device up to a distance of 2 m. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, the first-ever dual-circular-polarized wideband conformal endoscopic antenna is designed at the medical implant communication service band (402 MHz) and industrial, scientific, and medical bands (915 MHz and 2.4 GHz). The proposed antenna with a small footprint of 8 mm3 (32 mm $\times 10$ mm $\times0.025$ mm) is printed on flexible polyamide and wrapped onto the inner wall of the capsule to spare the space for the capsule integrated components. For evaluation of the antenna’s performance within a full-package endoscopic device, a homogeneous muscle box and realistic Duke human phantoms were used. For measurement, the fabricated antenna is enclosed inside a 3-D-printed capsule along with the endoscopic system, and the enclosed system is waterproofed. The S-parameters and radiation patterns are measured in a saline-filled American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) model and a minced-pork phantom. The measured impedance bandwidths and gains at 402 MHz, 915 MHz, and 2.4 GHz are 236.2%, 104%, and 55.4% and −29.71, −28.7, and −20.8 dBi, respectively. The measured axial-ratio bandwidths are 45.9% and 21.3% at 915 MHz and 2.4 GHz, respectively. Furthermore, the link budget is numerically analyzed and measured via real-time telemetry using software-defined radios. The proposed antenna complies well with the human safety standards and satisfies the range and high data-rate requirements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This communication presents a compact and flexible folded dipole antenna with stable and wide-bandwidth characteristics for the application of an intraoral tongue-drive system (iTDS) designed for use by people with severe disabilities. The proposed antenna, with an exceptionally small size of 20 mm $\times \,\, 4.4$ mm $\times \,\, 0.025$ mm, was designed to overcome the challenges of space-suitability and detuning that occur due to the variable conditions of the oral environment of the mouth by providing stable and wideband antenna properties. The substantial reduction in the size of the antenna was achieved by introducing slots and meandering the arms of the radiator. Performance was analyzed in open- and closed-mouth scenarios using a realistic model of the human head. Maximum simulated impedance bandwidths of 163% and 151% were observed for the closed- and open-mouth cases, respectively. The proposed design showed lower specific absorption rate (SAR) values (addressing safety concerns) with higher realized gain values in both scenarios compared to the current state-of-the-art iTDS antennas. In order to validate the simulation results, in vivo and in vitro measurements were taken for the reflection coefficient and radiation patterns, respectively. The results prove that the proposed antenna can efficiently work in the dynamic environment of the mouth and is, therefore, a good candidate for iTDS application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This communication presents a metamaterial (MTM)-loaded compact dual-band circularly polarized antenna system suitable for multiple bio-telemetric applications. The proposed antenna system operates in the industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) bands with center frequencies: 915 MHz (902–928 MHz) and 2450 MHz (2400–2480 MHz). The integration of an MTM structure with epsilon-very-large property on the superstrate layer of the antenna produces significant gain enhancement and strong circular polarization (CP) behavior at both the operating frequencies. The key features of the proposed antenna system are its compact size (7 mm $\times 6$ mm $\times $ 0.254 mm), dual-band CP characteristics, significantly high gain values (−17.1 and −9.81 dBi in the lower and upper bands, respectively), and slot-less ground plane that reduces the complexity and backscatter radiation. The performance of the MTM-loaded antenna system is validated experimentally. The antenna is fabricated and integrated with dummy electronics and batteries and is enclosed in a 3-D printed device. The hermetically sealed device is tested in minced pork muscle to validate the simulation results. The measured impedance bandwidths of 35.8% and 17.8% are obtained in the lower and upper ISM bands, respectively. The specific absorption rate of the antenna system is evaluated at both frequencies in different tissues. Additionally, to determine the wireless communication range, the link margin is estimated at data rates of 100 kbps and 1 Mbps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this communication, a biotelemetry device for scalp implantation is proposed with an ultraminiaturized and simple-structured implantable antenna that exhibits dual-band characteristics in the industrial, scientific, and medical bands (915 MHz and 2.45 GHz). The proposed system incorporates two batteries and microelectronic components in a total volume of 434.72 mm3. The recommended antenna has a reduced volume of 9.8 mm3 (7 mm $\times7$ mm $\times0.2$ mm), which is the smallest antenna presented so far. In homogeneous and heterogeneous environments, the designed antenna system has peak gain values of −28.04 and −28.94 dBi, respectively, at 915 MHz, and −23.01 and −23.06 dBi, respectively, at 2.45 GHz. For validation, the prototype of the antenna and corresponding system are immersed in a 3-D head phantom (saline solution), and the measured results are found in close agreement with the simulation results. Additionally, the data communication range is analyzed through a link budget calculation at several data rates and an input power of −16 dBm. The radiation of the antenna system in the two principal planes (E and H) are similar to being omni-directional and directed away from the anatomical human body model as mandatory for the telemetry applications. Hence, the proposed antenna system can be employed in scalp implantation, especially for intracranial pressure monitoring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An intraoral tongue drive system (iTDS) is an assistive technology that enables paralyzed people to improve their lifestyle by allowing them to navigate their wheelchairs and access computers using tongue gestures. In this paper, we present two dual-band antennas: a meandered dipole antenna and a meandered planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA). We designed the proposed antennas to operate at industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) bands 433 and 915 MHz to mitigate the external interference issue, which can severely affect frequency bands. Our proposed antenna footprints are $17.25 \times 8 \times 0.635$ mm3 and $42\times 10 \times 0.635$ mm3 for the PIFA and dipole antenna, respectively. Initially, we designed and analyzed the proposed antennas in multilayer mouth models. The performances of the antennas were validated in a realistic human head phantom. We analyzed the performances of the antennas in terms of the reflection coefficient, gain, efficiency, bandwidth, and link budget for wireless communication in four scenarios. Additionally, to address safety concerns, we calculated the specific absorption rates (SARs) for both antennas and found them to be safe according to the IEEE C95.1.2005 guideline. Finally, we measured the reflection coefficient in the more realistic environment of a 26 year-old subject’s mouth. The radiation pattern was measured in a 3-D head model and minced pork muscle, which approximated the open and closed mouth scenarios, respectively. The measurement results were in reasonable agreement with the simulation results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel family of 2,6-bis[1-(p-dibenzocycloheptylarylimino)ethyl]pyridylcobalt dichlorides Co1–Co4 were synthesized and fully characterized by FT-IR, 1H NMR, and elemental analysis as well as X-ray diffraction analysis. The 1H NMR spectra of these paramagnetic cobalt complexes Co1–Co3 showed similar spectra with one set of signals, while Co4 possessed two sets of signals due to the different conformations caused by different substituents on the ortho-position of the N-aryl group. Crystal structures of Co1, Co2 and Co4 revealed similar square-pyrimidal geometry around the cobalt ion, in which two dibenzocycloheptyl groups adapted as cis-conformers, whereas Co3 possessed bistrigonal geometry and the two dibenzocycloheptyl groups were adapted as trans-conformers. On activation with methylaluminoxane (MAO) or modified MAO (MMAO), all these cobalt complexes displayed high catalytic activities towards ethylene polymerization (up to 1.21 × 107 g (PE) mol−1 (Co) h−1) and produced polyethylenes with narrow molecular distributions (PDI ≈ 2.0). Co3 bearing bulkier isopropyl substituents on the ortho-position gave much higher molecular weight of resultant polyethylene than the other cobalt complexes reported herein. The microstructure analysis of the PEs demonstrated that they are highly linear and contain a vinyl end group as the major group and saturated methyl as the minor group, in which the content of the unsaturated polymer chain relied on the ortho-substituent of the N-aryl group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This communication presents a miniaturized triple band implantable antenna system for multiple biotelemetry applications, which operates at the industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band (902–928 MHz and 2400–2483.5 MHz) and the midfield band (1824–1980 MHz). These bands are intended for the function of data telemetry, wireless power transfer, and power saving. The recommended antenna system is comprised of two implantable devices, a capsule type for deep tissue implantation and a flat type for skin implantation. The volume of these devices is 647 mm3and 425.6 mm3, respectively. The compact size of the proposed antenna system is 21 mm3($7\,\,\text {mm} \times 6 \,\,\text {mm} \times 0.5$ mm), which is the smallest size yet presented. The miniaturization is achieved by meandering the shape of the radiating patch, adding an open-end ground slot, and introducing a shorting pin between ground plane and radiating patch. In the proposed antenna, simulated bandwidth is 8.7% and 7.3% at the ISM bands and 8.2% at the midfield band, and the measured bandwidth in a saline solution is 14.7% and 24.8% at the ISM bands and 13.1% at the midfield band. Finally, a link budget is calculated at different data rates to specify a range for data telemetry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The fast industrial revolution all over the world has increased emission of carbon dioxide (CO2), which has badly affected the atmosphere. Main sources of CO2 emission include vehicles and factories, which use oil, gas, and coal. Similarly, due to the increased mobility of automobiles, CO2 emission increases day-by-day. Roughly, 40% of the world's total CO2 emission is due to the use of personal cars on busy and congested roads, which burn more fuel. In addition to this, the unavailability of parking in all parts of the cities and the use of conventional methods for searching parking areas have added more to this problem. To solve the problem of reducing CO2 emission, a novel cloud-based smart parking methodology is proposed. This methodology enables drivers to automatically search for nearest parking(s) and recommend the most preferred ones that have empty lots. For determining preferences, the methodology uses the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) of multicriteria decision-making methods. For aggregating the decisions, the weighted sum model (WSM) is adopted. The methods of sorting, multilevel multifeatures filtering, exploratory data analysis (EDA), and weighted sum model (WSM) are used for ranking parking areas and recommending top-k parking to the drivers for parking their cars. To implement the methodology, a scenario comprising cars, smart parkings are considered. To use EDA, a freely available dataset "2020testcar-2020-03-03" is used for the estimation of CO2 emitted by cars. For evaluation purpose, the results obtained are compared with the results of traditional approach. The comparison results show that the proposed methodology outperforms the traditional approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the effect of gamification on workplace thriving and employee well-being in the hospitality and tourism organizations, investigating the mediating effects of conflict resolution and working relationships while assessing the moderating influence of top management support. We conducted a time-lagged study with 451 employees from various hospitality and tourism organizations. Our research aimed to understand how gamification affects workplace thriving and employee well-being, with a focus on the mediating roles of conflict resolution and working relationships. We also examined the moderating effect of top management support. Our results demonstrate a positive link between gamification and workplace thriving, as well as a connection between gamification and employee well-being. Conflict resolution was found to mediate the relationship between gamification and workplace thriving, while working relationships mediated the connection between gamification and employee well-being. Additionally, top management support significantly moderated the relationships between gamification, conflict resolution, and workplace thriving. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Five examples of hither-to-unknown ferrous chloride precatalysts have been prepared for ethylene polymerization. The impact of steric/electronic effect and polymerization reaction parameters on the catalytic performance, thermal stability with MAO or MMAO and the microstructure of the polyethylene are investigated in detail. [Display omitted] • Novel iron(II) complexes bearing sterically hindered dibenzocycloheptyl group were synthesized. • Higher activity towards ethylene polymerization. • Enhanced thermal stability. • Vinyl end polyethylene via modified bis(arylimino)pyridine-ferrous chloride precatalyst. Unsymmetrical Fe(II) complexes bearing tridentate NNN- bis(arylimino)pyridine ligand of the general formula [2-(2,4-bis(C 15 H 13) 2 -6-CH 3 C 6 H 2 N)-6-(ArN)C 9 H 9 N]FeCl 2 {Ar = 2,6-(CH 3) 2 C 6 H 3 (Fe1), 2,6-(C 2 H 5) 2 C 6 H 3 (Fe2), 2,6-(C 3 H 7) 2 C 6 H 3 (Fe3), 2,4,6-(CH 3) 3 C 6 H 2 (Fe4) and 2,6-(C 2 H 7) 2 -4-CH 3 C 6 H 2 (Fe5)} have been prepared in good yields. All the complexes were characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis for Fe2 and Fe3. Upon activation with MAO or modified-MAO, all the complexes displayed high activity at elevated temperature with peak performance up to 2.13 × 107 g PE (mol of Fe)−1 h-1 using Fe4 at 70 °C in combination with modified-MAO. The most sterically hindered precatalyst Fe3 produced high molecular-weight polyethylene up to 307.12 kg mol-1 at 70 °C with MAO as co-catalyst. Particularly, polyethylene of vinyl end functionality was obtained with MAO. Significantly, this developed catalytic system maintained the good catalytic performance of 9.67–7.59 × 106 g PE (mol of Fe)−1 h-1 and 1.51–1.09 × 107 g PE (mol of Fe)−1 h-1 using Fe1 with MAO or modified-MAO at 80 °C–90 °C, respectively. Notably, the activity of 3.12 or 2.76 × 106 g PE (mol of Fe)−1 h-1 was achieved even at 100 °C; indicating high thermal stability of the active species. Indeed, the thermal stability and molecular weight of the resultant polyethylene reached the highest values to be reported for this class of unsymmetrical 2,6-bis(arylimino)pyridine-ferrous precatalysts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Spiritual inherited employees quickly shift to new changes that occur very quickly in our daily lives in different ways. We are inspired by the dynamic changes in our daily lives due to the Covid 19 situation, an urgent need to specify the shift from the traditional approach to the agile approach during a pandemic. This study aimed to figure out the effect of workplace spirituality on workforce agility; further, this study underpinning spillover theory to examine the role of job involvement as a mediator. Methods: This study investigates a sample of 236 teaching and administrative staff working in public sector institutes located in Peshawar, Pakistan. For data analysis, we used SPSS v. 25, and for model fitness, we used AMOS version 22. Furthermore, we used Process Hayes (Model 4) to test the theoretical model and research hypothesis for mediation. Results: This unique study offers a paradigm in which spirituality in the workplace substantially influences the agility of teaching and administrative professionals by positively mediating the effects of job involvement. Discussion: An in-depth examination of the literature showed that no prior research had studied the connection between WPS, job involvement, and workforce agility. Furthermore, there is very little research regarding WPS and its connection with other components in the Covid 19 scenario. The current study was a modest attempt to address this gap in the literature. This research has succeeded in making substantial additions to management literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Five examples of unsymmetrical 2-(2,4-bis(dibenzocycloheptyl)-6-methylphenyl- imino)ethyl)-6-(1-(arylyimino)ethyl)pyridine derivatives (aryl = 2,6-Me2C6H3 in L1; 2,6-Et2C6H3 in L2; 2,6-i-Pr2C6H3 in L3; 2,4,6-Me3C6H2 in L4 and 2,6-Et2-4-MeC6H2 in L5) were prepared and characterized. Treatment with CoCl2 offered the corresponding cobalt precatalysts Co1–Co5, which were characterized by FT-IR and NMR spectroscopy as well as elemental analysis. The molecular structures of Co3 and Co4 determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction revealed distorted square pyramidal geometries with τ5 values of 0.052–0.215. Activated with either MAO or MMAO, the precatalysts displayed high activities in ethylene polymerization, where Co1 with the least bulky substituents exhibited a peak activity of 1.00 × 107 g PE mol−1 (Co) h−1 at 60 °C. With MAO as a cocatalyst, the activity was reduced only by one order of magnitude at 90 °C, which implies thermally stable active sites. The polymerization product was highly linear polyethylene with vinyl end groups. Co3 with the most sterically hindered active sites was capable of generating polyethylene of high molecular weight, reaching 6.46 × 105 g mol−1. Furthermore, high melting point and unimodal molecular weight distribution were observed in the resulting polyethylene. It must be stressed that the thermal stability of the catalyst and the molecular weight of the obtained polyethylene attain the highest values reported for the unsymmetrical 2,6-bis(imino)pyridylcobalt (II) chloride precatalysts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Five examples of unsymmetrical 1,2‐bis (arylimino) acenaphthene (L1 – L5), each containing one N‐2,4‐bis (dibenzocycloheptyl)‐6‐methylphenyl group and one sterically and electronically variable N‐aryl group, have been used to prepare the N,N′‐nickel (II) halide complexes, [1‐[2,4‐{(C15H13}2–6‐MeC6H2N]‐2‐(ArN)C2C10H6]NiX2 (X = Br: Ar = 2,6‐Me2C6H3Ni1, 2,6‐Et2C6H3Ni2, 2,6‐i‐Pr2C6H3Ni3, 2,4,6‐Me3C6H2Ni4, 2,6‐Et2–4‐MeC6H2Ni5) and (X = Cl: Ar = 2,6‐Me2C6H3Ni6, 2,6‐Et2C6H3Ni7, 2,6‐i‐Pr2C6H3Ni8, 2,4,6‐Me3C6H2Ni9, 2,6‐Et2–4‐MeC6H2Ni10), in high yield. The molecular structures Ni3 and Ni7 highlight the extensive steric protection imparted by the ortho‐dibenzocycloheptyl group and the distorted tetrahedral geometry conferred to the nickel center. On activation with either Et2AlCl or MAO, Ni1 – Ni10 exhibited very high activities for ethylene polymerization with the least bulky Ni1 the most active (up to 1.06 × 107 g PE mol−1(Ni) h−1 with MAO). Notably, these sterically bulky catalysts have a propensity towards generating very high molecular weight polyethylene with moderate levels of branching and narrow dispersities with the most hindered Ni3 and Ni8 affording ultra‐high molecular weight material (up to 1.5 × 106 g mol−1). Indeed, both the activity and molecular weights of the resulting polyethylene are among the highest to be reported for this class of unsymmetrical 1,2‐bis (imino)acenaphthene‐nickel catalyst. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Climate change has steadily gained attention as the global economy has grown more quickly, preventing continued high-quality economic growth. In this context, the eco-innovation concept has recently risen to the top of the list of academic research topics since it is a crucial tool that combines reduced environmental effects with a favourable socioeconomic impact. Nevertheless, the environmental situation is not improving despite the increasing eco-innovation level. From one perspective, instead of concentrating on how eco-innovation lessens carbon emissions, this research explores the indirect effect of carbon emissions on the GDP-eco-innovation nexus. From another perspective, since FDI might lessen harmful pollution, this research analyses the indirect effect of FDI on the economic growth-eco-innovation nexus. Therefore, this paper highlights the relationship between eco-innovation and economic growth (GDP), considering the dual mediating roles of carbon emissions and FDI. First, we examine the effects of GDP on eco-innovation activities in nine MENA countries from 2000 to 2019 using the geographic Durbin model based on spatial panel data. Second, this paper analysed the dual mediating effect of carbon emissions and FDI using the spatial stepwise regression model. The findings of this paper are as follows: (i) GDP positively impacts eco-innovation activities, and (ii) carbon emissions and FDI mediate the GDP-eco-innovation nexus. Therefore, GDP, FDI, and carbon emissions are significant drivers of eco-innovation. This research represents an essential step towards a better understanding of the need to support the transition to sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study investigates the association between the previous workplace ostracism of employees and their subsequent helping behavior by drawing on moral cleansing theory in the Chinese context, exploring the mediating roles of employees' guilt and perceived loss of moral credit and the moderating role of their moral identity symbolization. Sample and Method: The data were collected from a two-stage time-lagged survey of 284 Chinese employees. Regression analysis and the bootstrapping method are used in this article to examine the theoretical hypotheses. Results: The results indicate that employees' previous ostracism behaviors positively affected their guilt experience and perceived loss of moral credit. Subsequently, the relationship between employees' workplace ostracism and their helping behavior is mediated by guilt experience and perceived loss of moral credit. Furthermore, moral identity symbolization positively moderated the indirect "workplace ostracism-helping behavior" linkage via guilt and perceived loss of moral credits; in other words, for employees who have a higher degree of moral identity symbolization, the mediating effect is more significant, and vice versa. Conclusion: This study does not merely clarify the theoretical relationship between perpetrators' workplace ostracism and their helping behavior, which enriches the explanatory logic of related research on workplace ostracism and the cause of helping behavior, but also expand the application scope of moral cleansing theory. Further, we aim practically to bring enlightenment to human resource management reform, corporate culture construction, and positive behavior management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Contractive auto-encoder (CAE) is a type of auto-encoders and a deep learning algorithm that is based on multilayer training approach. It is considered as one of the most powerful, efficient and robust classification techniques, more specifically feature reduction. The problem independence, easy implementation and intelligence of solving sophisticated problems make it distinct from other deep learning approaches. However, CAE fails in data dimensionality reduction that cause difficulty to capture the useful information within the features space. In order to resolve the issues of CAE, restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM) layers have been integrated with CAE to enhance the dimensionality reduction and a randomized factor for hidden layer parameters. The proposed model has been evaluated on four benchmark variant datasets of MNIST. The results have been compared with four well-known multiclass class classification approaches including standard CAE, RBM, AlexNet and artificial neural network. A considerable amount of improvement has been observed in the performance of proposed model as compared to other classification techniques. The proposed CAE–RBM showed an improvement of 2–4% on MNIST(basic), 9–12% for MNIST(rot), 7–12% for MNIST(bg-rand) and 7–10% for MNIST(bg-img) dataset in term of final accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Cationic Ir(III) complexes were designed and synthesized in good yields. • All these iridium complexes showed good solid-state emission. • Photo-physical properties of these iridium complexes were systematically characterized. • All these Ir(III) complexes are showed AIE property. Novel cationic iridium(III) complexes (Ir1 – Ir4) composed of iminopyridine ligands with dibenzosuberane core were synthesized. All the designed complexes Ir1 – Ir4 were fully characterized through FT-IR, elemental analysis, 1H, 13C, 19F, and 31P NMR. Molecular structures of Ir1 and Ir2 are unambiguously determined by single-crystal XRD studies and thus confirm the distorted-octahedral geometry around the Ir(III) centers. Photophysical properties such as absorption, emission, and photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQYs) of Ir1 – Ir4 can be accessibly finely-tuned by varying the substituents of ancillary ligands (N^N). Cyclic voltammetry (CV), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were then performed to investigate the electrochemical and thermal properties of Ir1 – Ir4. Solution-state emission spectra of the complexes Ir1 – Ir4 showed blue-shifted emission in the range of 433 – 436 nm (PLQYs = 0.19 – 0.62 %) whereas the same complexes displayed red-shifted emission (λ max 626 – 638 nm, PLQYs = 0.31 – 0.65 %) of their solid-state emission spectra. Aggregation-induced emission (AIE) properties of Ir1 – Ir4 were analyzed with dichloromethane and hexane solvent mixture. Upon aggregation (99 % of hexane), the emission intensities of Ir1 – Ir4 were constantly increased with the increase of hexane concentration. Similarly, the PLQYs and lifetimes of aggregated species of Ir1 – Ir4 (PLQYs = 18 – 28 % and τ = 78.8 – 101.3 ns) were excellently improved in contrast to those in pure dichloromethane solutions. Interestingly, the scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of aggregates of Ir2 exposed the hollow polymer type of morphology and such a kind of morphology derived from Ir(III) complex is not reported. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Graphical abstract Highlights • Bis(imino)-2,3:5,6-bis(pentamethylene)pyridines and their cobalt complexes. • Highly active precatalysts for ethylene polymerization. • Linear polyethylenes with narrow dispersities and vinyl end-groups. • Modulation of molecular weight through ortho -benzhydryl substitution. Abstract The cycloheptyl-fused cobalt(II) chloride complexes, [2,3:5,6-{C 4 H 8 C(N(2-R1-4-R2-6-(CHPh 2)C 6 H 2))} 2 C 5 HN]CoCl 2 (R1 = R2 = Me Co1 , R1 = Me, R2 = CHPh 2 Co2 , R1 = Et, R2 = CHPh 2 Co3 , R1 = i -Pr, R2 = CHPh 2 Co4 , R1 = Cl, R2 = CHPh 2 Co5 , R1 = CHPh 2 , R2 = i -Pr Co6 , R1 = CHPh 2 , R2 = t -Bu Co7 , R1 = CHPh 2 , R2 = F Co8), have been prepared by a one-pot template approach. The molecular structures of Co1 , Co6 and Co8 highlight the varying degrees of steric protection of the metal center imposed by the ortho -benzhydryl/-R1 group pairing. On activation with either MAO or MMAO, Co1–Co5 collectively displayed high activity (up to 2.87 × 106 g (PE) mol−1 (Co) h−1 at 40 °C) affording highly linear low molecular weight polyethylene (M w range: 12.8–59.4 kg mol−1) with narrow polydispersities (M w / M n range: 1.4–2.7). End-group analysis of the polymers highlights the importance of both β-H elimination and chain transfer to aluminum as termination pathways. In relative terms, MMAO proved a marginally more effective activator than MAO with the catalytic activity, in either case, falling in the order: Co1 > Co5 > Co2 > Co3 > Co4. In marked contrast, the 2,6-(CHPh 2) 2 -substituted precatalysts, Co6 , Co7 and Co8 gave, in the presence of the same aluminoxane activators, only trace amounts of polyethylene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Graphical abstract Highlights • A new family of dibenzocycloheptyl-substituted iminotrihydroquinoline-nickel(II) complexes. • Highly active catalysts for the polymerization of ethylene. • Access to hyperbranched unsaturated polyethylenes with narrow polydispersity. • Polyethylenes amenable to functionalization by epoxidation. Abstract The 8-(arylimino)-5,6,7-trihydroquinoline-nickel(II) chlorides, [8-N{2,6-R 2 -4-(C 15 H 13)C 6 H 2 }C 9 H 8 N]NiCl 2 (R = Me Ni1 , Et Ni2 , i -Pr Ni3 , F Ni4 , Cl Ni5), each appended with a remote para -dibenzocycloheptyl group, have been synthesized from either the pre-formed ligand (Ni1 – Ni3) or by generating the ligand in-situ during complexation (Ni4 , Ni5). The molecular structures of Ni2 and Ni3 adopt dimeric or trimeric forms in the solid state, in which the chlorides can act as doubly or triply bridging ligands. On treatment with either MMAO or Et 2 AlCl, Ni1 – Ni5 showed low (Ni4 , Ni5) to high activities (Ni1 – Ni3 : up to 4.58 × 106 g PE mol−1 (Ni) h−1) for ethylene polymerization producing unsaturated polyethylenes of low molecular weight (1.4–2.7 kg·mol−1) and narrow dispersity (<2.0). In the main, these polyethylene waxes are highly branched and contain relatively high levels of internal vinylenes (CH CH) with respect to terminal vinyls (CH CH 2). The ortho- substituents of the precatalyst were found to not only affect the catalytic activity but also the vinylene:vinyl ratio and the branching content. Notably, the materials generated using ortho -fluoro Ni4 /Et 2 AlCl possessed the least number of branches and an increased vinyl contribution. Furthermore, these unsaturated polyethylenes can be readily functionalized by epoxidation with almost quantitative conversion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ethnopharmacological relevance Local communities of the Dir Lower district in Northwest Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan rely on botanical anti-hypertensive preparations. Insights into the traditional uses of local flora can direct investigation into phytochemical screening. Aim of the study This ethnobotanical study aims to identify plant species and recipes used by the local people for the treatment of hypertension in the district of Dir Lower. Materials and methods Inquiries and interviews were carried out from November 2012 to December 2013 from local herbalist and indigenous communities including village elders. Results A total of 46 plant species (43 genera and 29 botanical families) used by local people of study area to treat hypertension. Family Lamiaceae dominated with the highest percentage 15.21% (7 species). With respect to growth form, herbs constituted (63.05%), shrubs (30.43%) and trees (6.52%). Leaves (37.25%) were the most frequently used part in herbal preparations. The major mode of preparation was decoction (46.66%) and almost all recipes were orally administered. Use values (UV) revealed that the most preferred species for the treatment of hypertension by the indigenous community are Paeonia emodi Wall. ex Royle., followed by Sarcococca saligna (D. Don) Muell. Arg., Fumaria indica (Hausskn.) Pugsley and Teucrium stocksianum Boiss. Amongst the 46 medicinal plants, antihypertensive activity of 16 plants included Artemisia vulgiris L., Artemisia annua L., Sisymbrium brassiciforme C. A. Mey. , T . stocksianum Boiss, Cichorium intybus L., Rosa brunonii Lindl., Chenopodium botrys L., Olea ferruginea Royle , Cotoneaster acuminatus Lindl, S . saligna (D. Don) Muell. Arg., Viola canescens Wall. ex Roxb, P. emodi Wall. ex Royle, Asparagus gracilis Royle, Maytenus royleanus (Wall. ex Lawson), Allium jacquemontii Kunth and Onosma hispidum Wall has not been reported previously in the scientific literature. Conclusions Dir lower is a rich and biodiverse area of medicinal plant. The large number of plant species used for hypertension in this area shows the importance of herbal medicine in the primary health care of this remote area. In future studies, the plant should be further screened for phytochemical and new medicinal properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Metal impregnated activated carbon catalysts were prepared by wet impregnation method and their performance for tertiary recycling of waste expanded polystyrene was studied. The conditions were optimized for thermal and catalytic degradation on the overall conversion and liquid products yield. The liquid products were analyzed by GC-MS. The results indicated that desirable and low molecular weight aromatic hydrocarbon were formed with metals impregnated catalysts over AC as compared to thermal degradation and AC support as catalyst. Al/AC was found the best catalyst among the impregnated catalysts with liquid products yield 88.87 wt% (100% total conversion). The yield of toluene; ethylbenzene, styrene monomer and α-methyl styrene were 8.49 wt%, 8.90 wt%. 47.29 wt% and 1.38 wt%, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]