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The Tribbles (TRIB) family of pseudokinase proteins has been shown to play key roles in cell cycle, metabolic diseases, chronic inflammatory disease, and cancer development. A better understanding of the mechanisms of TRIB pseudokinases could provide new insights for disease development and help promote TRIB proteins as novel therapeutic targets for drug discovery. At the 2nd International Symposium on Tribbles and Diseases held on May 7-9, 2018 in Beijing, China, a group of leading Tribbles scientists reported their findings and ongoing studies about the effects of the different TRIB proteins in the areas of immunity, metabolism, fundamental cell biology and cancer. Here, we summarize important and insightful overviews from 4 keynote lectures, 13 plenary lectures and 8 short talks that took place during this meeting. These findings may offer new insights for the understanding of the roles of TRIB pseudokinases in the development of various diseases. (C) 2019 Chinese Pharmaceutical Association and Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. Dr. Zhuowei Hu' s work was supported by National Key R&D Program of China (Grant No. 2017YFA0205400, China), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 81530093 and 81773781, China), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (Grant No. 2016-12M-1-007, China) and CAMS Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basic Research Fund (Grant No. 2017PT3104, China); Dr. Bing Cui' s work was supported by grants of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 81874316, China), the CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (Grant No. 2016-I2M-3-008, China); Dr. Patrick A. Eyers' s work was supported by grants of from the BBSRC and NWCR (Grant Nos. 1088 and 1097, UK); Dr. Leonard L. Dobens' s work was supported by grants of NSF (Grant No. IOS-1456023, USA), NIH (Grant No. NIH R21 CA197317, USA); Dr. Nguan Soon Tan' s work was supported by grants of Ministry of Education, Singapore (Grant Nos. MOE2014-T2-1-012 and 2012-T1-001-036, Singapore); Dr. Peter D. Mace' s work was supported by grants from the Health Research Council of New Zealand, and additionally supported by a Rutherford Discovery Fellowship from the New Zealand government administered by the Royal Society of New Zealand; Dr. Wolfgang Link' s work was supported by Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT) Research Center Grant UID/KM/04773/2013 Centre for Biomedical Research 1334, by a research grant from Liga Portuguesa Contra o Cancro NUcleo Regional do Sul (LPCC/NRS, Portugal), Terry Fox, by a FCT 2014 research grant SFRH/BPD/100434/2014 and a ProRegem grant PD/BD/114258/2016 (Portugal); Dr. Endre Kiss-Toth' s work was supported by European Marie Sklodowska Curie ITN Project TRAIN-TRIBBLES Research and Innovation Network (Grant No. 721532, EU)and Innovation Network and the British Heart Foundation (PG/16/44/32146, UK); Dr. Karen Keeshan' s work was supported by grants from The Howat Foundation Ltd. (UK), Children with Cancer UK, Bloodwise and the Friends of Paul O' Gorman (UK); Dr. Takuro Nakamura' s work was supported by grants of P-CREATE from Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development; Dr. Warren S. Pear' s work was supported by grants from the NIH (NIAID, USA), Alex' s Lemonade Stand Foundation (USA) and the Samuel Waxman Cancer Research Foundation (USA); Yodit Feseha is supported by European Marie Sklodowska Curie ITN Project TRAIN-TRIBBLES Research and Innovation Network (Grant No. 721532, EU). Yodit Feseha' s work is conducted in the context of the "Fondation Centaure" (RTRS), which supports a French transplantation research network, the 1HU-Cesti project, the DHU Oncogreffe and the LabEX IGO thanks to French government financial support managed by the National Research Agency via the "Investment into the Future" program (Grant Nos. ANR-10-IBHU-005 and ANR-11-LABX-0016-01, France). The IHU-Cesti project is also supported by Nantes Metropole and Region Pays de la Loire (France); Dr. Jessica Johnston's work was supported by grants of the British Heart Foundation (PG/16/44/32146, UK); Dr. Arkatiz Carracedo' s work was supported by European Marie Sklodowska Curie ITN Project TRAIN-TRIBBLES Research and Innovation Network (Grant No. 721532, EU); Dr. Marcel Scheideler' s work was supported by European Marie Sklodowska Curie ITN Project TRAIN-TRIBBLES Research and Innovation Network (Grant No. 721532, EU); Dr. Zabran llyas' s work was supported by a joint Ph.D studentship beween the A* Star Institute and the University of Sheffield (UK); Dr. Robert C. Bauer s work was supported by funding from the National Institutes of Health National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL141745, USA); Dominika Grzesik' s work was supported by European Marie Sklodowska Curie ITN Project TRAIN-TRIBBLES Research and Innovation Network (Grant No. 721532, EU); Juan Salamanca-Viloria's work was supported by European Marie Sklodowska Curie ITN Project TRAIN-TRIBBLES Research and Innovation Network (Grant No. 721532, EU); Dr. Xiaoxi Lv' s work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 81503128, China) and CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (Grant No. 201642M-1-008, China); Dr. Yishi Jin' s work was supported by National Institute of Health (NS R01-035546, USA); Dr. Ke Li' s work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 81400140, China), and CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (Grant No. 201642M-1-011, China); Dr. Guillermo Velasco' s work was supported by European Marie Sklodowska Curie ITN Project TRAIN-TRIBBLES Research and Innovation Network (Grant No. 721532, EU); Dr. Jose M. Lizcano's work was supported by Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) and Fondo Europeo de desarrollo Regional (FEDER) (Grant No. INNPACTO/IPT-2012-0614-010000, Spain); Dr. Xiaowei Zhang' s work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 81400286 and 81530093, China), and the CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (Grant No. 201642M-1-010, China); Dr. Fang Hua' s work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 81472717 and 81673474, China), Beijing Natural Science Foundation (Grant No. 7162133, China), and the CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (Grant No. 201642M-1-007, China); Dr. Jiaojiao Yu' s work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 81703564, China); Dr. Jinmei Yu' s work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 81603129, China). In addition, the Meeting Organizing Committee was greatly thankful to PerkinElmer and Innovent Biologics for their generous financial supports, as well as Dr. Zhuowei Hu' s laboratory members for their assistance in preparing and organizing the conference.