Search

Abstract Background High-frequency ventilation (HFV) is commonly used in neonatal intensive care units to provide respiratory support for critically ill neonates. Currently, there is no standardized procedure for weaning from HFV. Two commonly used strategies are transitioning from HFV to conventional mechanical ventilation (CMV) before extubation (HFV-CMV) and extubation after decreasing mean airway pressure during HFV (HFV-HFV). The impact of these strategies on neonatal cerebral oxygenation and hemodynamics remains incompletely understood. Methods We will conduct a prospective, single-center, randomized controlled trial to investigate the effects of two different HFV weaning strategies (HFV-CMV, HFV-HFV) on neonatal cerebral oxygenation and hemodynamics. The patients enrolled in the trial will be randomly allocated to either the HFV-CMV group or the HFV-HFV group in a 1:1 ratio. The primary outcome will be cerebral oxygen saturation (ScO2) before and after the intervention. Second outcomes are cerebral fractional tissue oxygen extraction, heart rate, blood pressure, and the incidence and severity of intraventricular hemorrhage and periventricular leukomalacia. We hypothesize that HFV-CMV results in positive impact on neonatal cerebral oxygenation compared to HFV-HFV. This study aims to identify a better weaning strategy for HFV and contribute evidence-based data to enhance its clinical application in newborns, potentially improving the care and outcomes for neonates receiving HFV. Discussion This study aims to assessing the impact of different HFV weaning strategies on neonatal cerebral oxygenation and hemodynamics, as well as the relationship between the duration of HFV under different strategies and neurological complications, to identify better weaning methods for HFV. We hope to contribute evidence-based data to enhance clinical application of HFV in newborns, potentially improving the care and outcomes for neonates receiving HFV. Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: ChiCTR2400088628. Registered on August 22, 2024, https://www.chictr.org.cn/bin/project/edit?pid=235926 .

Abstract Background Relation extraction (RE) plays a crucial role in biomedical research as it is essential for uncovering complex semantic relationships between entities in textual data. Given the significance of RE in biomedical informatics and the increasing volume of literature, there is an urgent need for advanced computational models capable of accurately and efficiently extracting these relationships on a large scale. Results This paper proposes a novel approach, SARE, combining ensemble learning Stacking and attention mechanisms to enhance the performance of biomedical relation extraction. By leveraging multiple pre-trained models, SARE demonstrates improved adaptability and robustness across diverse domains. The attention mechanisms enable the model to capture and utilize key information in the text more accurately. SARE achieved performance improvements of 4.8, 8.7, and 0.8 percentage points on the PPI, DDI, and ChemProt datasets, respectively, compared to the original BERT variant and the domain-specific PubMedBERT model. Conclusions SARE offers a promising solution for improving the accuracy and efficiency of relation extraction tasks in biomedical research, facilitating advancements in biomedical informatics. The results suggest that combining ensemble learning with attention mechanisms is effective for extracting complex relationships from biomedical texts. Our code and data are publicly available at: https://github.com/GS233/Biomedical .

Abstract Melanoma's high metastatic potential, especially to the brain, poses significant challenges to patient survival. The blood‒brain barrier (BBB) is a major obstacle to the effective treatment of melanoma brain metastases. We screened antipsychotic drugs capable of crossing the BBB and identified penfluridol (PF) as the most active candidate. PF reduced melanoma cell viability and induced apoptosis. In animal models, PF effectively inhibited melanoma growth and metastasis to the lung and brain. Using immunoprecipitation combined with high‐resolution mass spectrometry, and other techniques such as drug affinity responsive target stability, we identified CIP2A as a direct binding protein of PF. CIP2A is highly expressed in melanoma and its metastases, and is linked to poor prognosis. PF can restore Protein Phosphatase 2A activity by promoting CIP2A degradation, thereby inhibiting several key oncogenic pathways, including AKT and c‐Myc. Additionally, von Hippel‒Lindau (VHL) is the endogenous E3 ligase for CIP2A, and PF enhances the interaction between VHL and CIP2A, promoting the ubiquitin‒proteasome degradation of CIP2A, thereby inhibiting melanoma growth and metastasis. Overall, this study not only suggests PF's potential in treating melanoma and its brain metastases but also highlights CIP2A degradation as a therapeutic strategy for melanoma.

Abstract Amynthas aspergillum (Perrier, 1872), a natural resource used in traditional Chinese medicine (Guang‐dilong) with high economic value, is widely distributed in forests and farmland habitats in the hilly areas of southern China. To investigate the extent of genetic differentiation and diversity in A. aspergillum, a population genetic structure study was performed on 157 samples from 75 locations in southern China using the mitochondrial genes COI, COII, 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, and NDI. The results indicated that A. aspergillum had a high level of genetic diversity, and variation within populations was the main source of the total variation. Six deeply divergent mitochondrial clades (I–VI) were detected using both phylogenetic tree and haplotype network analyses. This finding was supported by the high Kimura two‐parameter genetic distance and the pairwise fixation index value obtained based on the COI gene. No significant phylogeographic structures were observed. The widespread geographic distribution of clades II, IV, and VI suggested a recent demographic expansion based on multiple analysis results. These results include a high level of Hd and low π, star‐shaped haplotype network structures with a high number of less frequent haplotypes, significantly negative neutrality test values, and a unimodal mismatch distribution pattern. The divergence time estimates and reconstruction of the ancestral area revealed that A. aspergillum originated in Guangxi Province and underwent initial intraspecific diversification in the early Pliocene to generate clade I. Then, it gradually dispersed eastward and rapidly differentiated into clades II–V during the Pleistocene. The Yunnan‐Guizhou Plateau and Nanling and Wuyi Mountains might act as geographical barriers for the spread of A. aspergillum to the west and north.

The identification of Drug-Drug Interactions (DDIs) is crucial for optimizing patient treatment and avoiding adverse reactions. With the rapid growth of biomedical literature, manual screening for DDIs has become impractical. Hence, the demand for automated DDI extraction methods is continuously increasing. Currently, although many methods have been proposed, feature supplementation and the latest GCN-based methods still face the problem of being unable to effectively extract key information. In this paper, we propose BBL-GAT, a novel method combining BioBERT-BiLSTM and Graph Attention Network (GAT), to extract DDIs from biomedical literature. BioBERT is employed for its ability to capture the semantic relationships between complex medical terms and drug names. BiLSTM is utilized to handle bidirectional contextual information, which is essential for understanding the context of drug-disease relationships. GAT dynamically learns the significance of drug nodes in different interactions through attention mechanisms, enhancing the precision of relationship extraction. We evaluated BBL-GAT on the DDI Extraction 2013 dataset and compared it with other popular DDI extraction methods. The experimental results demonstrate that BBL-GAT achieves an precision of 81.76%, a recall of 84.38%, and an F1-score of 82.47%, illustrating its effectiveness and superiority in DDI relationship extraction tasks.

Abstract Purpose To classify the molecular subtypes of Paget's disease of the breast, and then compare them with general breast cancer to get deeper understanding of this disease and offer better management of associate patients in clinical decisions. Methods We used immunohistochemistry to examine 42 cases of this disease by antibodies against estrogen and progesterone receptors, Ki‐67, as well as human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER‐2). Due to damage and loss of specimens, etc., we obtained 36 pathological specimens from the 42 patients. For 30 of 36 pathological specimens (83.3%), we obtained a complete molecular subtype. Cause the other 6 pathological specimens have missing immunohistochemistry items. For patients with bilateral breast cancer, only information on the side with PDB is listed. For patients with recurrence, only information on the first onset was included. We finally compared and studied the molecular subtype of 26 samples. We calculated the relative frequencies of molecular subtypes including luminal A, luminal B, HER‐2‐enriched, and basal‐like and compared them between PDB and general breast carcinomas in other studies. Results The luminal A and B subtype were found, respectively, in 3 (11.5%) and 6 (23.1%) of all patients, and 15 cases of HER‐2‐enriched subtype was detected (57.7%). In addition, 2 (7.7%) showed a basal‐like subtype. Conclusion The molecular subtypes of common breast cancer and PDB‐associated breast cancer differ. Luminal subtypes are the most common in the former, while within our samples HER‐2 positive subtype was the highest in PDB‐associated breast carcinoma. With further understanding of this disease, rational therapies will be applied in different patients and cures for PDB and PDB‐associated carcinoma will be achieved.

With the deepening of today’s education reform, the development of students’ aesthetic ability is becoming more and more an important part of the education system, and dance teaching, as an indispensable part of the cultivation of aesthetic ability, is receiving more and more attention. This study takes students majoring in preschool education in colleges and universities as the research object, integrates dance teaching in music courses, conducts a questionnaire survey research, and then conducts research on the characteristics of the dance teaching mode under aesthetic education, studies the relationship of the factors between the survey object and the school dance teaching in terms of the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis, and further analyzes the factors influencing the development of the aesthetic ability of the students. After the analysis, it can be concluded that the place of residence has the main influence on the development of students’ aesthetic abilities, despite the individual differences of students. The integration of art courses and dance courses in schools, the degree of attention of dance teachers to students’ aesthetic ability in dance teaching, the development of dance club activities in schools, students’ participation in club activities, and the cultural atmosphere of dance on campus had high correlations with students’ aesthetic ability, with the highest correlation value of 0.412** for art courses. From the multiple regression analysis to explore the development of art courses and students’ aesthetic ability, it can be seen that the school is the main influencing factor in cultivating the development of students’ aesthetic ability towards dance, so the school should improve the content of art and culture courses and focus on the development of students’ aesthetic ability.

Abstract Residual lesions in the tumor bed have been a challenge for conventional white-light breast-conserving surgery. Meanwhile, lung micro-metastasis also requires improved detection methods. Intraoperative accurate identification and elimination of microscopic cancer can improve surgery prognosis. In this study, a smart fibronectin-targeting and metalloproteinase-activatable imaging probe CREKA-GK8-QC is developed. CREKA-GK8-QC possesses an average diameter of 21.7 ± 2.5 nm, excellent MMP-9 protein responsiveness and no obvious cytotoxicity. In vivo experiments demonstrate that NIR-I fluorescence imaging of CREKA-GK8-QC precisely detects orthotopic breast cancer and micro-metastatic lesions (nearly 1 mm) of lungs with excellent imaging contrast ratio and spatial resolution. More notably, fluorescence image-guided surgery facilitates complete resection and avoids residual lesions in the tumor bed, improving survival outcomes. We envision that our newly developed imaging probe shows superior capacity for specific and sensitive targeted imaging, as well as providing guidance for accurate surgical resection of breast cancer. Graphical Abstract

Convective weather is often accompanied by precipitation and windshear, seriously endangering the safety of aircraft during takeoff and landing. However, under rainfall conditions, conventional wind lidars have a limited detection range due to significant signal attenuation. To solve this problem, a 200 mm temperature-controlled telescope coated with a hydrophobic film is applied in the coherent Doppler wind lidar system to improve the detection capability in rain. The maximum detection range of the lidar is extended to 30 km and demonstrated at Kunming Changshui International Airport at an altitude of 2102 m. Firstly, the detection accuracy and maximum detection range of the lidar are verified. Through the analysis of the horizontal wind field under two typical convective weather conditions, it is found that convective weather often accompanies low-level convergence and divergence structures, leading to headwind shear and crosswind shear on the airport runway. From the vertical profile, it is shown that the triggering of convective weather is accompanied by low-level southwest winds and high-altitude northeastern winds. According to the statistics of wind speed and direction on clear and rainy days over 9 months, rainy days are usually caused by the invasion of cold air from Northeast China, resulting in airport windshear. In summary, the enhanced lidar can effectively identify and analyze windshear during rainy days, which is very useful for aviation safety, especially for takeoff and landing in all weather conditions.

JNK is named after c-Jun N-terminal kinase, as it is responsible for phosphorylating c-Jun. As a member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family, JNK is also known as stress-activated kinase (SAPK) because it can be activated by extracellular stresses including growth factor, UV irradiation, and virus infection. Functionally, JNK regulates various cell behaviors such as cell differentiation, proliferation, survival, and metabolic reprogramming. Dysregulated JNK signaling contributes to several types of human diseases. Although the role of the JNK pathway in a single disease has been summarized in several previous publications, a comprehensive review of its role in multiple kinds of human diseases is missing. In this review, we begin by introducing the landmark discoveries, structures, tissue expression, and activation mechanisms of the JNK pathway. Next, we come to the focus of this work: a comprehensive summary of the role of the deregulated JNK pathway in multiple kinds of diseases. Beyond that, we also discuss the current strategies for targeting the JNK pathway for therapeutic intervention and summarize the application of JNK inhibitors as well as several challenges now faced. We expect that this review can provide a more comprehensive insight into the critical role of the JNK pathway in the pathogenesis of human diseases and hope that it also provides important clues for ameliorating disease conditions.

Data classification storage has emerged as an effective strategy, harnessing the diverse performance attributes of storage devices to orchestrate a harmonious equilibrium between energy consumption, cost considerations, and user accessibility. The traditional strategy of solely relying on access frequency for data classification is no longer suitable for today’s complex storage environment. Diverging from conventional methods, we explore from the perspective of text semantics to address this issue and propose an effective data classification storage method using text semantic similarity to extract seasonal features. First, we adopt a dual-layer strategy based on semantic similarity to extract seasonal features. Second, we put forward a cost-effective data classification storage framework based on text seasonal features. We compare our work with the data classification approach AS-H, which runs at full high performance. In addition, we also compare it with K-ear, which adopts K-means as the classification algorithm. The experimental results show that compared with AS-H and K-ear, our method reduces energy consumption by 9.51–13.35% and operating costs by 13.20–22.17%.

Soft rock engineering is involved in many important engineering fields such as mining, hydraulic engineering, transportation and national defense. With the increase of mining depth and the development of tunnel engineering, a large number of tunnels and roadways need to pass through soft rock formations, in which the problems such as high geostress and broken and weak surrounding rocks are prominent. Large deformation disasters of soft rocks pose serious threats to engineering safety and cause enormeous economic losses. In this paper, the research progress on soft rock support in China is first reviewed, and the research status quo of technology for soft rock control for large deformation hazards is summarized in the following aspects: (1) passive support methods represented by improved rigid support, retractable support and compound lining; (2) reinforced active support technology using high-strength bolts and cables; (3) soft rock modification technology using grouting; (4) soft rock reinforcement with pressure relief as the core idea; and (5) compound support methods. Furthermore, the development of different supporting technologies and methods is elaborated, and the applicable conditions, advantages and disadvantages of different supporting methods are analyzed. It is usually difficult to meet the demand of large deformation control of soft rock relying on a single support method. Therefore, it is urgent to solve the problems of the prevention and control of large deformation disaster of soft rock to realize the efficient collaborative control among different supporting measures and achieve the real-time accurate monitoring of deformation and stress fields. Finally, based on the above research results, the development tendency of support technology for soft rock with large deformation hazards is prospected and the countermeasures are proposed.

Ischemia/reperfusion caused by cardiac arrest (CA) disturbs endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis and redox balance in neurons. AA147, originally developed as a pharmacologic activator of the activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6), can protect multiple tissues from ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) by decreasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and restoring ER function. However, it is unclear whether pharmacologic treatment of AA147 could ameliorate post-CA cerebral IRI and whether it is associated with proteostasis regulation and anti-oxidative stress mechanism. In the present study, mice were subjected to 9 min-CA surgery followed by cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). AA147 or vehicle was administered 1 day before the operation and 15 min after the return of spontaneous circulation. We found that AA147 restored neurological function and reduced dead neurons in mice suffering from CA. Moreover, AA147 inhibited CA/CPR-caused neuronal apoptosis and ER stress, indicated by reduced TUNEL-positive neurons, surged expression of Bcl-2/Bax, and down expression of cleaved caspase-3, caspase-12, C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP). The expression of ATF6 and its regulated gene glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) increased significantly after the administration of AA147, suggesting the activation of the ATF6 pathway. In addition, AA147 also alleviated the upsurge of the ROS generation and MDA levels as well as increased SOD activity, accompanied by enhancement of the nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and its modulated heme-oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expressions. Cotreatment of AA147 with inhibitors of the ATF6 or Nrf2 significantly suppressed AA147-dependent reductions in ROS scavenging and neuronal death after CA/CPR. The results suggested that AA147 could confer neuroprotection against post-CA cerebral IRI through inhibition of oxidative stress along with ER stress-associated apoptosis, which is attributed to the coregulation of both ATF6 and Nrf2 signaling pathways activity. Our findings support the potential for AA147 as a therapeutic approach to improve post-CA brain injury.

BackgroundWe sought to explore the impact of changing treatment strategy based on circulating tumor cells (CTC) on postoperative survival of breast cancer.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed records of patients who underwent surgery for early-stage breast cancer at Beijing Friendship Hospital from January 2016 to January 2018 and regularly underwent CTC examination after surgery. During the regular examination and CTC monitoring, the patients with positive CTC results and without distant metastasis had their treatment regimen changed.ResultsOf 109 patients who received CTC examination regularly after surgery, 61 (56.0%) were CTC-positive during postoperative follow-up, including 33 ER or PR-positive, and 28 ER and PR-negative patients. Of the 33 ER or PR-positive patients, 20 changed endocrine therapy drugs. Compared with those without replacement, those with changed endocrine therapy strategy had higher CTC clearance rates (90.0% vs. 53.8%, p=0.04) and significantly lower CTC-positive values (1.70 ± 1.72 vs. 0.62 ± 0.65, p = 0.04). Among the 28 patients who were CTC positive and ER and PR-negative, 11 used capecitabine. Compared with non-users, the capecitabine users had higher CTC clearance rates (100.0% vs. 52.9%, p=0.01) and more significant decrease in CTC-positive values (2.09 ± 1.14 vs. 0.82 ± 1.67, p=0.04). Disease-free survival (DFS) at 1, 3, and 5 years was significantly longer in those who changed treatment than in those who did not (respectively, 96.6% vs. 89.6%, 92.8% vs. 56.9%, 69.0% vs. 47.8%, p

Abstract Evolutionarily, polyploidy represents a smart method for adjusting agronomically important in crops through impacts on genomic abundance and chromatin condensation. Autopolyploids have a relatively concise genetic background with great diversity and provide an ideal system to understand genetic and epigenetic mechanisms attributed to the genome-dosage effect. However, whether and how genome duplication events during autopolyploidization impact chromatin signatures are less understood in crops. To address it, we generated an autotetraploid rice line from a diploid progenitor, Oryza sativa ssp. indica 93-11. Using transposase-accessible chromatin sequencing, we found that autopolyploids lead to a higher number of accessible chromatin regions (ACRs) in euchromatin, most of which encode protein-coding genes. As expected, the profiling of ACR densities supported that the effect of ACRs on transcriptional gene activities relies on their positions in the rice genome, regardless of genome doubling. However, we noticed that genome duplication favors genic ACRs as the main drivers of transcriptional changes. In addition, we probed intricate crosstalk among various kinds of epigenetic marks and expression patterns of ACR-associated gene expression in both diploid and autotetraploid rice plants by integrating multiple-omics analyses, including chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing and RNA-seq. Our data suggested that the combination of H3K36me2 and H3K36me3 may be associated with dynamic perturbation of ACRs introduced by autopolyploidization. As a consequence, we found that numerous metabolites were stimulated by genome doubling. Collectively, our findings suggest that autotetraploids reshape rice morphology and products by modulating chromatin signatures and transcriptional profiling, resulting in a pragmatic means of crop genetic improvement.

Objective To determine the effect of intraoperative methylene blue infusion on postoperative liver and kidney functions in patients with obstructive jaundice. Methods A total of 50 patients with serum total bilirubin level higher than 34.2 μmol/L undergoing biliary obstruction surgery in our hospital from July 2019 to December 2020 were included in this study. They were randomly and equally divided into methylene blue group (infusion of 50 mL 2 mg/kg methylene blue before anesthesia intubation followed by 0.5 mg·kg-1·h-1 continuous infusion during the operation) and placebo group (same amount of normal saline throughout the operation). Intraoperative mean arterial pressure, intake and output and norepinephrine usage, and postoperative oxygenation index, and the levels of total bilirubin, total bile acid, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, creatinine and urea nitrogen were compared between the 2 groups. Results There was no significant difference in the mean arterial pressure between the 2 groups of patients (P>0.05). The methylene blue group had significantly less amounts of Ringer's lactate solution (1 788.22±562.67 vs 2 635.32±633.45 mL) and norepinephrine (1.43±0.42 vs 4.11±1.14 mg), and lower ratio of norepinephrine use (32% vs 52%) than the placebo group (P < 0.01). The extubation time and ICU stay time were obviously shorter in the former than the latter group (P < 0.05). But there were no statistical differences in postoperative oxygenation index or postoperative levels of total bilirubin and total bile acid between the 2 groups (P>0.05). The postoperative levels of aspartate aminotransferase in 24 h (200.21±143.33 vs 362.32±253.64 IU/L) and 72 h (123.32±87.44 vs 184.53±143.25 IU/L) and those of alanine aminotransferase at 24 h (192.52±83.23 vs 254.24±93.22 IU/L) and 72 h (183.31±107.92 vs 276.34±111.95 IU/L) were notably lower in the methyl blue group than the placebo group (P < 0.05). No significant difference were seen in the postoperative levels of creatinine and urea nitrogen between the 2 groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Continuous infusion of methylene blue reduces the use of blood pressure drugs in patients with obstructive jaundice, effectively alleviates postoperative liver damage, and thus improves patient safety during the perioperative period.

The Wulingtou tunnel in Xuancheng City is faced with complex geological conditions in the construction process, and the construction is difficult. The research team of Anhui University of Science and Technology applied the new sprayed engineered cementitious composites (NS-ECC) to the initial support structure of K43 + 546.3-K43 + 556.7 section of the tunnel. The mechanical properties of NS-ECC were significantly improved compared with that of single fiber (1% volume content), and the compressive strength is ‘positive hybrid effect’. In this paper, the ordinary C25 sprayed concrete (SC-C25) was compared with NS-ECC to precisely evaluate their performance. Slump and rebound rate tests and uniaxial compression tests under four water-containing states and five loading rates were carried out, and the differences in performance were studied in detail via scanning electron microscope and nuclear magnetic resonance tests and based on energy evolution and transformation characteristics. Results show that the real water absorption and rebound rate of SC-C25 were significantly higher than those of NS-ECC. Increasing the water content reduced the compressive strength, peak strain and energy storage density of both cements yet increased their elastic modulus. In the saturated water state, increasing the loading rate also increased the compressive strength, elastic modulus and energy storage density limit values of both cements yet decreased their peak strain. NS-ECC reported higher strength, peak strain, energy storage density and sensitivity to the ‘Strain rate effect’, under the saturated state, its peak stress is 32.92 MPa, peak strain is 0.65%, the energy storage density limit is 0.01MJ/m3, and the elastic energy conversion rate reaches 95.9%, which are better than SC-C25.

CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Regulatory (Treg) T cells are mainly generated within the thymus. However, the mechanism of thymic Treg cell (tTreg cell) generation remains to be fully revealed. Although the functions of TCR/CD28 co-stimulation have been widely accepted, the functions of cytokines in the generation of tTreg cells remain highly controversial. In this review, we summarize the existing studies on cytokine regulation of tTreg cell generation. By integrating the key findings of cytokines in tTreg cell generation, we have concluded that four members of γc family cytokines (IL-2, IL-4, IL-7 and IL-15), transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), and three members of TNF superfamily cytokines (GITRL, OX40L and TNF-α) play vitally important roles in regulating tTreg cell generation. We also point out all disputed points and highlight critical scientific questions that need to be addressed in the future.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) emerged in China in late 2019, which was manifested as fever, cough, dyspnea, normal level of white blood cells, decreased blood lymphocytes, and pulmonary opacities on CT scans. National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China has revised the recommendations on COVID-19 seven times, but there are still many challenges in the diagnosis and management of COVID-19. The radiological findings in a proportion of patients revealed diffuse interstitial opacities, mimicking interstitial pneumonia. Thus it is essential to differentiate the COVID-19 from the acute and progressive diffuse interstitial lung diseases in order to avoid misdiagnosis or overdiagnosis. Therefore, our study compared COVID-19 with interstitial pneumonia and tried to explore the differential diagnostic algorithm.

More and more tourists are sharing their travel feelings and posting their real experiences on the Internet, generating tourism big data. Online travel reviews can fully reflect tourists’ emotions, and mining and analyzing them can provide insight into the value of them. In order to analyze the potential value of online travel reviews by using big data technology and machine learning technology, this paper proposes an improved support vector machine (SVM) algorithm based on travel consumer sentiment analysis and builds an Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS) system based on Map-Reduce model. Firstly, Internet travel reviews are pre-processed for sentiment analysis of the review text. Secondly, an improved SVM algorithm is proposed based on the main features of linear classification and kernel functions, so as to improve the accuracy of sentiment word classification. Then, HDFS data nodes are deployed on the basis of Hadoop platform with the actual tourism application context. And based on the Map-Reduce programming model, the map function and reduce function are designed and implemented, which greatly improves the possibility of parallel processing and reduces the time consumption at the same time. Finally, an improved SVM algorithm is implemented under the built Hadoop platform. The test results show that online travel reviews can be an important data source for travel big data recommendation, and the proposed method can quickly and accurately achieve travel sentiment classification.

A craniopharyngioma (CP) is a rare epithelial tumor of the sellar and parasellar region. CPs are difficult to treat due to their anatomical proximity to critical nervous structures, which limits the ability of the surgeon to completely resect the lesion, exposing patients to a high risk of recurrence. The treatment of craniopharyngiomas is primarily surgery and radiotherapy. So far, neither a cell line nor an animal model has been established, and thus data on other treatment options, such as chemotherapy and immunotherapy, are limited. Here, the expression profile of the pan-cancer antigen B7-H3 in various cancer types including CP was examined by immunohistochemistry. An in vitro organoid model was established by using fresh tissue biospecimens of CP. Based on the organoid model, we evaluated the antitumor efficacy of B7-H3-targeted immunotherapy on CP. As a result, the highest expression of B7-H3 was observed in CP tissues across various cancer types. Although B7-H3-targeted chimeric antigen-receptor T cells show obvious tumor-killing effects in the traditional 2D cell culture model, limited antitumor effects were observed in the 3D organoid model. The B7-H3-targeted antibody-DM1 conjugate exhibited a potent tumor suppression function both in 2D and 3D models. In conclusion, for the first time, we established an organoid model for CP and our results support that B7-H3 might serve as a promising target for antibody-drug conjugate therapy against craniopharyngioma.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are non-coding RNAs with lengths >200 nt and are involved in the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Exosomes are secreted and produced by various cell types. Exosome contents include various ncRNAs, proteins and lipids. Exosomes are also important mediators of intercellular communication. The proportion of lncRNAs in exosomes is low, but increasing evidence suggests that exosomal lncRNAs play important roles in CVDs. We focused on research progress in exosomal lncRNAs in atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, cardiac angiogenesis, cardiac aging, rheumatic heart disease, and chronic kidney disease combined with CVD. The potential diagnostic and therapeutic effects of exosomal lncRNAs in CVDs are summarized based on preclinical studies involving animal and cell models and circulating exosomes in clinical patients. Finally, the challenges and possible prospects of exosomes and exosomal lncRNAs in clinical applications related to CVD are discussed.

Objective To compare the effect of low tidal volume (LTV) ventilation versus conventional tidal volume (CTV) ventilation on circulatory function in patients undergoing laparoscopic liver resection (LLR). Methods A total of 22 patients who underwent selective LLR in our hospital from July to December 2017 were enrolled into this study. They were prospectively randomized to CTV group (n=11) and LTV group (n=11). They all received same anesthesia induction and maintenance, and those of the CTV group underwent conventional mechanical ventilation (tidal volume: 10~12 mL/kg) without positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) or recruitment maneuver, while those of the LTV group were given mechanical ventilation with lower tidal volume (6~8 mL/kg) along with recruitment maneuver (once/30 min) but no PEEP during operation, with the airway pressure being maintained at 30 cmH2O for 30 s at a time for 3 cycles. The intraoperative circulation indexes including stroke volume variance (SVV), central venous pressure (CVP), cardiac index (CI), systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI), mean artery pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), doses of vasopressor usage, and score of intraoperative anesthesia circulation management made by surgeons postoperatively were compared between the 2 groups. Results ① There were less patients receiving norepinephrine to maintain MAP in the CTV group than the LTV group (1 vs 8 cases, P < 0.05). ②After the establishment of pneumoperitoneum, SVV was significantly elevated in the CTV group (22.6±6.2 vs 13.3±3.6, P < 0.01) and the LTV group (17.2±6.4 vs 13.0±3.9, P < 0.05) when compared with that before establishment. SVV was lower in the LTV group than the CTV group during the phase of establishment, with statistical differences at 15 (17.2±6.4 vs 22.6±6.2, P < 0.05) and 30 min (17.1±4.0 vs 22.1±5.8, P < 0.05) after the establishment of pneumoperitoneum. ③ CVP was decreased in the LTV group than the CTV group (2.7±1.6 vs 5.6±2.0 cmH2O) immediately after the establishment of pneumoperitoneum when compared with baseline, though without significant difference. ④ The score of intraoperative anesthesia circulation management was notably higher in the LTV group than the CTV group (3.7±0.8 vs 3.1±0.5, P < 0.05). Conclusion LTV ventilation reduces the adverse effects of pneumoperitoneum on hemodynamics in the patients undergoing LLR when compared with CTV ventilation, and is facilitated to stabilization of hemodynamics and better operating conditions for surgeons.

In view of problems that underground TDOA positioning algorithm does not consider anchor position error and positioning accuracy is seriously reduced when measurement noise is large, an improved TDOA algorithm for underground positioning considering anchor position error was proposed. The anchor position error is taken as a parameter to improve TDOA positioning model, and the iterative TDOA algorithm based on convex optimization is used to solve the model. The simulation results show that the algorithm can achieve the positioning accuracy of 5 cm when position error of the anchor is 1 cm,and effectively approximate the Cramer-Rao Low Bound(CRLB) even when the measurement noise is large, which is better than the existing TSWLS algorithm and improved TSWLS algorithm.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of combined spinal-epidural anesthesia (including unplanned general anesthesia) and planned general anesthesia combined spinal epidural anesthesia for parturients diagnosed with pernicious placenta previa (PPP) undergoing caesarean section. Methods A total of 106 parturients (28 weeks of gestation) diagnosed with PPP by ultrasonography in our hospital during April 2015 and December 2017 were eligible to participate in the study. They were randomly allocated to SGA and CSA groups (n=53). The patients in the SGA group received combined spinal-epidural anesthesia, and general anesthesia was induced after clamping of the umbilical cord. For those in the CSA group, they were given conventional combined spinal epidural anesthesia. The intraoperative bleeding amount, operation time, proportion of ICU admission, hemodynamic parameters, amounts of blood products administered, condition of breastfeeding and incidence of postpartum depression measured by the Edinburgh depression scale were compared between the 2 groups. Results ① There were 18 parturients in the CSA group who had to being converted to general anaesthesia due to uncomfortableness during surgery. This group of patients had larger amount of intraoperative bleeding (2 994±1 895 vs 1 181±504 mL), higher ratio of those with the bleeding volume over 2 000 mL (12 vs 6), higher proportion of ICU admission (10 vs 2), and higher incidence of postpartum depression in 30 d after delivery (22 vs 16) when compared to those in the CSA group but not with the conversion (all P < 0.01). ② The numbers of the patients with bleeding volume >2 000 mL (8 vs 18, P < 0.05), of ICU admission (3 vs 12, P < 0.05) and the incidence of postpartum depression (11/53 vs 38/53, P < 0.01) were significantly lower in the SGA group than the CSA group. Conclusion For the PPP parturients undergoing caesarean section, planned general anaesthesia after delivery of baby is superior to conversion from spinal to general anaesthesia in decreasing intraoperative blood loss, and reducing rates of massive bleeding and ICU admissions. What's more, the anaesthesia plan also decreases the incidence of postpartum depression by providing optimal operating conditions.

Objectives To compare the effects of ropivacaine versus lidocaine infiltration on the pain relief for perineal pain of puerpera undergoing vaginal delivery. Methods This is a prospective, randomized, double-blind study. Seventy-four puerperae with term singleton fetus undergoing vaginal delivery under epidural labor analgesia were enrolled into this study in the maternity center of our hospital from February 2016 to April 2017. Among them, 60 were primipara and 14 were transpartum women. They were randomly allocated into ropivacaine group and lidocaine group (n=37). Before planned episiotomy or perineal repair, 0.75 % ropivacaine or 1 % lidocaine infiltration was injected to them. Visual analog scale (VAS) was used to rank the perineal pain grade. Moreoven, the puerpera's satisfaction was evaluated. Results There were more puerpera with VAS score equal to 0 in the ropicavaine group than the lidocaine group at 1 min (33 vs 26, P=0.043) after injection, and 3 (31 vs 20, P=0.006), 4 (27 vs 11, P < 0.001) and 6 h (20 vs 0, P=0.030) after delivery. The proportion of puerpera with VAS score of 0 in ropivacaine group was larger than that in the lidocaine group when they were sitting up (11 vs 0, P < 0.001), urinating (22 vs 3, P < 0.001) and sleeping (32 vs 24, P=0.030) after delivery. Maternal satisfaction (very satisfied or satisfied) with labor analgesia in the ropivacaine group was better than that in the lidocaine group (36 vs 29, P=0.013). There were no significant differences in Apgar score, umbilical artery and venous pH value, BE, lactic acid content, partial pressure of carbon dioxide and hemoglobin content between the 2 groups. Conclusion Ropivacaine perineal infiltration can provide faster and longer analgesia than lidocaine. It can significantly improve the satisfaction of vaginal delivery women with epidural labor analgesia.

Stretchable electrodes are an essential component in soft actuator systems. In particular, Joule heating electrodes (JHEs) are required for thermal actuation systems. A highly stretchable, patternable, and low-voltage operating JHE based on hybrid layers of silver nanowires (AgNWs) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is reported. The conductive layers were applied on a locally pre-strained bistable electroactive polymer (BSEP) membrane to form a wrinkled conductive surface with a low resistance of 300 Ω/sq, and subsequently patterned to a serpentine trace by laser engraving. The resistance of the resulting electrode remains nearly unchanged up to ~80-90% area strain. By applying a voltage of 7 - 9 V to the electrode, the temperature of the BSEP membrane increased to more than 60 °C, well above the polymer's phase transition temperature of 46 °C, thereby lowering its modulus by a factor of 103. An electronic Braille device based on the JHEs on a BSEP membrane was assembled with a diaphragm chamber. The electrode was patterned into 3 × 2 individually addressable pixels according to the standard U.S. Braille cell format. Through Joule heating of the pixels and local expansion of the BSEP membrane using a small pneumatic pressure, the pixels deformed out of the plane by over 0.5 mm to display specific Braille letters. The Braille content can be refreshed for 20,000 cycles at the same operating voltage.

Relaxor ferroelectric polymers exhibiting a giant electrocaloric effect (ECE) can potentially be used to create next-generation solid-state coolers. Under an electric field, poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-chlorofluoroethylene) terpolymer goes through a large dipolar entropy change producing a high adiabatic temperature change (ΔTECE). This work resolves the molecular origins of the large entropy change behind the electric field-induced dipole switching. A Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy equipped with a high voltage source is used to operandoly observe the characteristic molecular vibrational modes. A short-range trans (T) conformation of the CF2-CH2 dyads interrupted by a gauche (G) conformation, e.g., TTTG in the terpolymer chain, undergoes a dynamic transformation that leads to a corresponding ΔTECE whenever an electric field is applied. The molecular dynamics simulation also proves that the energy barrier that the transformation from TTTGs into a long T sequence overcomes is smaller than that for all other conformations. A mixed solvent system is used to obtain T3G-enriched terpolymer films exhibiting a 4.02 K ΔTECE at 60 MVm−1 and these films are employed to manufacture a 2-layer-cascaded cooling device that achieves a 6.7 K temperature lift, the highest reported value for a 2-layer cascaded device made of fluoropolymers.

Accessible chromatin regions (ACRs) provide physical scaffolds to recruit transcriptional co-regulators and displace their nearby nucleosomes in multiple plant species. Characterization of ACRs and investigation of their biological effects in Sorghum bicolor has lagged behind. Regulation of gene expression relies on the transcriptional co-regulators that are recruited to ACRs to affect epigenomic modifications of surrounding nucleosomes. In this study, we employed transposase-accessible chromatin sequencing to identify ACRs and decipher how the presence of ACRs affects gene expression and epigenetic signatures in the Sorghum genome. As a result, 21 077 ACRs, which are mapped to 22.9% of genes and 2.7% of repeats, were identified. The profiling of ACRs on gene structures reveals a narrow and sharp peak around the transcription start site, with relatively weak and broad signals covering the entire gene body and an explicit but wide peak from the transcription termination site to its downstream regions. We discovered that the correlations between gene expression levels and profiled ACR densities are dependent on the positions of ACRs. The occurrence of genic ACRs cumulatively enhances the transcriptional activity of intergenic ACR-associated genes. In addition, an intricate crosstalk among ACRs, gene expression, and epigenetic marks has been unveiled by integrating multiple-omics analyses of whole-genome bisulfite sequencing, 6mA immunoprecipitation followed by sequencing, RNA sequencing, chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing, and DNase I hypersensitive sites sequencing datasets. Our study provides a genome-wide landscape of ACRs in sorghum, decrypts their interrelations with various epigenetic marks, and sheds new light on their roles in transcriptional regulation.

C8H5IO4, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 4.5570(3) Å, b = 7.7720(5) Å, c = 12.7660(8) Å, α = 99.906(3)°, β = 97.718(3)°, γ = 105.651(3)°, V = 421.02(5) Å3, Z = 2, Rgt(F) = 0.0191, wRref(F2) = 0.0433, T = 150(2) K.

The washout position has great effects on the perception fidelity and the movement of the motion simulator. In this paper, the main square error of sensation between simulator and vehicle is determined, and the fidelity of the occupant and the platform motion performance as a basis to build a model for a single occupant optimal washout position measurement. Then, considering the features of the multi-occupant motion simulator, a concept of the task’s master-crew is proposed, the multi-occupant optimal washout position measurement model is built. Then an anti-aircraft simulator for three occupants is taken as an example of a multi-occupant simulator and the optimal washout position measurement model is studied. Considering that the basic PSO algorithm has shortcomings such as easy aging and falling into local extreme value, a modified algorithm is designed called Adaptive Chaos PSO algorithm and applied to the resolution of the models. The results showed that the optimal position can make the simulator trainer have a more realistic sensation and maintain the safety of the platform, and that the Adaptive chaos PSO algorithm can effectively solve the shortcomings of PSO and is very useful in the resolution of the model.