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【Objective】Aiming at the problems of low spectral efficiency and limited system throughput in Optical Quadrature Spatial Modulation (OQSM), a Signed Optical Quadrature Spatial Modulation (SOQSM) scheme is proposed in Free Space Optical Communication (FSOC) in this paper. In addition, in view of the fact that the channel used in the performance analysis of OQSM is not suitable for all turbulence, this paper also adopts the Málaga channel, which is suitable for all turbulence intensities to analyze the bit error performance of the system.【Methods】First, the scheme divides the input binary bit stream into five parts at the sending end. The first part is used for constellation symbol mapping, and the last four parts are used for laser mapping. Then, the constellation symbol mapping is used to transmit the real and imaginary parts of the constellation symbol and its inverse symbol. The laser mapping is divided into two parts, the in-phase phase and the quadrature phase, which are used to activate the laser sequence mapping. Finally, after transmitting through the channel, the signal received and processed at the receiving end.【Results】Compared with OQSM, SOQSM carries an additional2log2Nt bits of information in the space domain within a transmission period. The upper bound of the average bit error rate is then calculated in the symbol domain and the space domain respectively. Finally, the upper bound of the average bit error rate of the SOQSM scheme is obtained, and the method of calculating the upper bound of the average bit error rate has good convergence. This solution greatly improves the spectral efficiency and transmission rate of the system, and has good bit error rate performance.【Conclusion】The Monte Carlo simulation results show that compared with Optical Spatial Modulation (OSM) and OQSM, the bit error performance of the SOQSM scheme is better when the spectral efficiency is the same. The bit error rate can reach 10-6 when the signal-to-noise ratio is 16dB. When the modulation order is the same, the bit error performance of SOQSM is better, especially when the signal-to-noise ratio is high. It is also shown that the simulation and theory fit well. In the Málaga channel, the bit error rate performance of the weak turbulence is better. In addition, different turbulence intensities have little influence on the trend of the bit error rate performance of the SOQSM scheme. However, with the increase of the signal-to-noise ratio, the influence will gradually increase. Therefore, SOQSM has better bit error rate performance than OQSM and OSM.

Background The treatment of coronary microvascular disease (CMVD) has always been the focus of non-coronary obstructive ischemic heart disease. Adenosine injection and adenosine disodium triphosphate (ATP) injection, which are common clinical loading drugs to determine coronary flow reserve (CFR) and evaluate CMVD, are related but significantly different. ATP is the precursor of adenosine, with low price and similar vasodilatory mechanism to adenosine, and is often substituted for adenosine in clinical practice, but its potential adverse effects are ignored. Objective To compare the incidence of adverse reactions in the assessment of coronary microvascular disease by adenosine load and adenosine disodium triphosphate load. Methods A total of 170 patients who visited the Department of Cardiology of Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital for typical angina pectoris and underwent coronarography/Coronary CT angiography (CTA) to determine the residual stenosis diameter of each branch coronary artery 0.05) . Conclusion Compared with ATP loading, adenosine loading has a lower incidence of adverse reactions determine CFR.

Background: A majority of previous studies appear to support a view that human observers can only perceive coarse information from a natural scene image when it is presented rapidly (

【Objective】In order to improve the confidentiality and performance of the mixed Radio Frequency (RF)/Free Space Optical (FSO) communication systems, it is necessary to study the security performance of the Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS)-assisted mixed RF/FSO system to obtain the relationship between system security performance and parameters such as RIS deployment location and the degree of correlation between different antennas branches.【Methods】In the article, a single eavesdropper is considered to eavesdrop against RF links and FSO links respectively, with RF links obeying an arbitrarily correlated Nakagami-m distribution and FSO links obeying a Gamma-Gamma distribution. Closed expressions for the Security Outage Probability (SOP) and Strictly Positive Security Capacity (SPSC) probability of the communication system for the two eavesdropping scenarios are derived using the decode-and-forward protocol, and the SOP is analyzed asymptotically. Simulation experiments are also conducted using the Matlab software to verify the accuracy of the derived formulas through Monte Carlo simulation.【Results】Simulation results show that deploying the RIS close to the receiver reduces the security outage probability of the system. It is also shown that an increase in the degree of antenna correlation increases the SOP of the system when the channel quality of the RF main channel is better compared to the eavesdropping channel.【Conclusion】The RIS-assisted FSO link has better security compared to the RF link. Although the multi-antenna diversity technique can effectively improve the security performance of the system, antenna correlation, similar to the fading caused by pointing error and atmospheric turbulence, can also damage the security performance of the system. It is also shown that the security of the system can be effectively improved by reducing the degree of antenna correlation.

The overuse of antibiotics has caused persistent pollution to the environment，and photo-electrocatalysis is an environmentally friendly and efficient technology for degrading antibiotics，in which the design of photoelectrodes is particularly important. To improve the rate of antibiotic degradation，Ag-Ti3+-TiO2 nanocone composite photoelectrode was prepared by electrochemical reduction and photoreduction methods. Then it was used to simulate the photo-electrocatalytic degradation of tetracycline under visible light irradiation to investigate its photocatalytic performance. The results showed that the composite electrode effectively suppressed the complexation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs and exhibited a lower charge transfer resistance to improve the photo-electrocatalytic performance due to the Ti3+ self-doping and the local surface plasmon resonance effect of Ag nanoparticles. The composite photoelectrode degraded 87.9% of tetracycline after 90 min under visible light irradiation，and the degradation rate was maintained at 82.5% after 5 cycles. These results indicated that the Ag-Ti3+-TiO2 nanocone composite photoelectrode had high degradation efficiency，good stability and sustainable recyclability，and was expected to achieve efficient and environmentally friendly photo-electrocatalytic degradation of antibiotics.

This study aimed to investigate the expression and clinical significance of syncytin-1 in the serum exosomes of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. Serum samples were collected from 61 patients with newly diagnosed HCC and 61 healthy individuals. Exosomes were extracted from serum samples and identified using transmission electron microscopy and Western blot. The relative expression levels of syncytin-1 in exosomes were determined by real-time quantitative PCR. The protein expression levels of alpha-fetoprotein and syncytin-1 in HCC patients were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Statistical analysis was performed to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of serum exosomal syncytin-1 in diagnosing HCC. The relationships between syncytin-1 expression and clinical pathological features were analyzed using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. The results showed that the expression level of syncytin-1 in the serum of patients with newly diagnosed HCC was significantly higher than that in the normal control group (P < 0.0001). Using pathological diagnosis as the gold standard, the sensitivity and specificity of syncytin-1 for the auxiliary diagnosis of HCC were 91.3% and 75.5%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those of alpha-fetoprotein (P < 0.0001). The relative expression level of serum exosomal syncytin-1 was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis, degree of differentiation, and CNLC staging of HCC patients (P < 0.05). In conclusion, syncytin-1 in serum exosomes has high sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing HCC and can serve as a novel tumor marker for early screening, detection, and staging of HCC.

As a common pollutant in surface and groundwater，nitrate causes serious pollution to the environment. Electrocatalytic reduction of nitrate to ammonia promotes nitrogen cycle in water. The research progress of transition metal，noble metal and non-metal catalysts for nitrate reduction to ammonia was reviewed. A large number of cases in this field were collected，and the reasons for the high efficiency of electrode materials were analyzed. The reaction mechanism，electrode preparation method，operating conditions，nitrate removal rate and selectivity of electrocatalytic reduction of nitrate to ammonia were reviewed. The influencing factors such as electrode potential，nitrate concentration，pH，current density and supporting electrolyte were analyzed. The reactor form of electrocatalytic reduction of nitrate to ammonia and the production process of product ammonia were compared. The production energy consumption in the example was compared. Finally，the challenges and prospects in this field were discussed.

Skin cancer recognition poses a significant challenge in the field of deep learning. While conventional convolutional neural networks have been extensively employed for classifying skin cancer images, their fixed receptive field limits their ability to capture the global features present in such images. Conversely, transformer-based models that rely on self-attention can effectively model long-range dependencies, but they come with high computational complexity and exhibit certain limitations in local feature induction. To address this issue, this paper presents a novel skin cancer recognition network named ECRNet. ECRNet has been designed to effectively capture both global and local information, and it introduces an explicit vision center to accomplish this purpose. Moreover, this paper presents a feature fusion module known as the CCPA block. This module utilizes both coordinate attention and channel attention mechanisms to extract image features and enhance the representation of skin cancer images. To evaluate the performance of ECRNet, extensive experimental comparisons were conducted on the ISIC2018 dataset. The experimental results demonstrate that ECRNet outperforms the baseline model, showing improvements of 1.19% in accuracy (ACC), 1.96% in precision, 4.08% in recall, and 3.28% in the F1 score.

BackgroundCultural relics are precious and nonrenewable resources. Scientific dating is the key to research on cultural relics, and luminescence technology is an important method for dating ceramic cultural relics. Currently, the methods for dating ceramic cultural relics include the conventional thermoluminescence (TL) method and the TL predose method. Few reports on the use of optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) to determine the age of cultural relics are available.PurposeThis study aims to verify the reliability of the dating of porcelain cultural relics by luminescence method, and expand the method of dating porcelain cultural relics.MethodsThe conventional TL, TL predose, and OSL single-aliquot regenerative-dose (SAR) methods were employed to date an celadon glazed porcelain piece unearthed from the Qinglong Town ruins in Shanghai. Then, the dating results of three method were compared for applicability analysis.ResultsThe results indicate that the signal for the porcelain obtained using the conventional TL method is almost zero when the temperature is between 300 ℃ and 450 ℃, making it difficult to accurately calculate the equivalent dose. The ages of the TL predose and SAR methods are (1.16±0.05) ka and (1.35±0.05) ka, respectively, which are consistent within the error range.ConclusionsThe results of this study indicate that the OSL technique can be used to date porcelain cultural relics. For the celadon glazed porcelain piece examined in this study, the dating results of TL pre-dose and SAR methods are kept consistent.

There are flammable and explosive gases such as gas underground in coal mines. The electromagnetic waves radiated by the 5G wireless communication system base station antenna are absorbed by the underground metal structure, generating discharge sparks at the metal structure breakpoint. When the energy of the electric spark reaches the minimum ignition energy of gas, an explosion may occur, which limits the application of 5G technology in coal mines. In order to evaluate the safety of the RF power of 5G wireless communication base stations, the relationship between RF power, maximum radiation field strength, and distance is obtained by analyzing the coupling of electromagnetic waves with metal structures. Using the minimum ignition energy as the safety criterion, it can be concluded that when the receiving power of the antenna load is less than 2.625 W, it can ensure that it will not cause gas explosions. The analysis shows that 700 MHz should be given priority as the 5G working frequency band in coal mines underground. By analyzing the directional coefficient, it is concluded that a symmetrical oscillator antenna metal structure with an arm length to wavelength ratio of 0.65 should be chosen for research. The safe electric field strength of the symmetrical oscillator antenna metal structure is 202.9 V/m, and the minimum safe distance is 0.2 m. The simulation results show that the electric field distribution is extremely uneven in areas less than 0.2 m away from the transmitting antenna. The electric field distribution is relatively even in areas more than 0.2 m away from the transmitting antenna. The minimum radio frequency power that causes a gas explosion in an area greater than 0.2 m from the transmitting antenna is 27.45 W.

Sepsis can impair gastrointestinal (GI) barrier integrity. Oral probiotics (PT) can maintain the balance of GI microflora and improve GI function. 5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is a key promoter of GI injury caused by sepsis. However, the mechanism by which PT attenuates sepsis by regulating 5-HT is not fully understood. In this study, C57BL6 mice were intragastric administrated with normal saline (NC) or PT once a day for 4 weeks before cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Compared with NC-CLP mice, PT-CLP mice had lower clinical score, higher body temperature. The survival rate of PT-CLP mice was significantly improved. The levels of inflammatory cytokines and 5-HT were obviously decreased in PT-CLP mice, and GI peristalsis and barrier function were enhanced. Moreover, sepsis downregulated the expression of tight junction proteins, while PT pretreatment could maintain them at the level of sham operation group. Furthermore, PT pretreatment increased the expression of serotonin transporter and monoamine oxidase A. PT administration could inhibit NF-κB activity, and activate ERK activity. In conclusion, long-term supplementation of PT before CLP can prevent sepsis-induced GI mucosal barrier dysfunction in mice, which may be partially mediated by upregulating the 5-HT degradation pathway via activating ERK signaling.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a serious disabling injury, and the main factors causing SCI in patients include car accidents, falls from heights, as well as heavy blows and falls. These factors can all cause spinal cord compression or even complete rupture. After SCI, problems with the movement, balance, and walking ability of the lower limbs are most common, and SCI can cause abnormalities in patient’s movement, sensation, and other aspects. Therefore, in the treatment of SCI, it is necessary to strengthen the rehabilitation training (RT) of patients based on data science to improve their motor ability and play a positive role in the recovery of their walking ability. This article used lower limb rehabilitation robot (LLRR) to improve the walking ability of SCI patients and applied them to SCI rehabilitation. The purpose is to improve the limb movement function of patients by imitating and assisting their limb movements, thereby achieving pain relief and muscle strength enhancement and promoting rehabilitation. The experimental results showed that the functional ambulation category (FAC) scale scores of Group A and Group B were 0.79 and 0.81, respectively, in the first 10 weeks of the experiment. After 10 weeks of the experiment, the FAC scores of Group A and Group B were 2.42 and 4.36, respectively. After the experiment, the FAC score of Group B was much higher than that of Group A, indicating that Group B was more effective in improving patients’ walking ability compared to Group A. This also indicated that LLRR rehabilitation training can enhance the walking ability of SCI patients.

IntroductionPostmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) is a common chronic disease, and the loss of bone density and bone strength after menopause are its main symptoms. Effective treatments for PMOP are still uncertain, but Chinese medicine has some advantages in slowing down bone loss. Shengu granules are often used clinically to treat PMOP. It has been shown to be an effective prescription for the treatment of PMOP, and there is evidence that gut flora may play an important role. However, whether Shengu granules attenuate PMOP by modulating gut flora and related mechanisms remains unclear.MethodsIn this study, we mainly examined the bone strength of the femur, the structure of the intestinal microbiota, SCFAs in the feces and the level of FOXP3 cells in the colon. To further learn about the inflammation response, the condition of the mucosa and the level of cytokines in the serum also included in the testing. In addition, to get the information of the protein expression, the protein expression of OPG and RANKL in the femur and the protein expression of ZO-1 and Occludin in the colon were taken into account.ResultsThe osteoporosis was significantly improved in the SG group compared with the OVX group, and the diversity of intestinal flora, the secretion level of SCFAs and the expression level of FOXP3 were significantly increased compared with the OVX group. In terms of inflammatory indicators, the intestinal inflammation scores of the SG group was significantly lower than those in the OVX group. Additionally, the serum expression levels of IL-10 and TGF-β in the SG group were significantly increased compared with the OVX group, and the expression levels of IL-17 and TNF-α were significantly decreased compared with the OVX group. In terms of protein expression, the expression levels of ZO-1, Occluding and OPG were significantly increased in the SG group compared with the OVX group, and the expression level of RANKL was significantly decreased compared with the OVX group.DiscussionShengu granules treatment can improve the imbalance of intestinal flora, increase the secretion of SCFAs and the expression of FOXP3, which reduces the inflammatory response and repairs the intestinal barrier, as well as regulates the expression of OPG/RANKL signaling axis. Overall, Shengu granules ameliorate ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis by the gut-bone-immune axis.

Quantitative studies of the pore-throat structure (PTS) characteristics of tight sandstone reservoirs and their effects on fluid mobility were proposed to accurately evaluate reservoir quality and predict sweet spots for tight oil exploration. This study conducted high-pressure mercury injection (HPMI) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments on 14 tight sandstone samples from the Chang 7 member of the Yanchang Formation in the Jiyuan area of the Ordos Basin. The HPMI was combined with the piecewise fitting method to transform the NMR movable fluid transverse relaxation time (T 2) spectrum and quantitatively characterize the PTS characteristics and the full pore-throat size distribution (PSD). Then, movable fluid effective porosity (MFEP) was proposed to quantitatively evaluate the fluid mobility of tight sandstone reservoirs and systematically elucidate its main controlling factors. The results showed that the PTS could be divided into four types (I, II, III, and IV), which showed gradual decreases in average pore-throat radius (R a), continuous increases in the total fractal dimension (D t), and successive deterioration of reservoir fluid mobility and percolation capacity. Moreover, the full PSD (0.001–10 μm) showed unimodal and multi-fractal characteristics. According to the Swanson parameter (r apex), the reservoir space types can be divided into small and large pore-throat and the corresponding fractal dimension has a relationship where D 1 < D 2. Large pore-throat had higher permeability contribution and pore-throat heterogeneity but a lower development degree and MFEP than small pore-throat, which had a relatively uniform and regular PSD and represented the primary location of movable fluids. Moreover, the development degree and heterogeneity of small pore throat controlled the flowability of reservoir fluids. MFEP can overcome the constraints of tiny throats and clay minerals on movable fluid, quantify the movable fluid content occupying the effective reservoir space, and accurately evaluate the reservoir fluid mobility. The combination and development of various pore-throat sizes and types in tight sandstone reservoirs results in different PTS characteristics, whereas differences in the mineral composition and content of reservoirs aggravate PTS heterogeneity, which is the main factor controlling the fluid mobility.

As one of the morphing methods, wing camber morphing technology has received great attention. Starting from the relevant projects of morphing wing at home and abroad, the aeroelastic modeling and analysis means of the camber morphing technology are focused on in this paper. Static aeroelasticity, flutter, dynamic aeroelasticity response and alleviation, optimization and control are analyzed. Different research means are evaluated from the perspective of structural model, aerodynamic model, coupling method, optimization method and control strategy. The technical difficulties currently facing are analyzed. The problems that are necessary to be further resolved, including the influence of the nonlinear behavior of the flexible skin on the aeroelasticity of the variable camber wing, the influence of actuator system on the aeroelasticity and the lack of a comprehensive aeroelastic modeling method that can handle different nonlinearity are pointed out in order to provide guidance for the further improvement of the camber morphing technology.

This paper applies a nonlinear differential equation to the information management system of college course selection. A teaching information management system based on an approximate learning strategy is presented by using statistical linearization technology. An imprecise controller is obtained by numerical simulation of Riccati differential equations with statistical linearization. This kind of Riccati differential equation differs significantly from the ordinary one. Then the system proposes a collaborative filtering method based on nonlinear differentiation based on student feature classification. At last, this paper systematically analyzes the differences between course selection systems, business recommendations, and student attributes—the system experiments on college students' choice of a learning platform. The study found that the method was correct 34.6% of the time. This system can provide practical guidance for students to choose courses.

In order to better extract scene and object information from computer image, a construction object extraction algorithm based on Bayesian network is proposed. The algorithm is trained by multi-scene aerial images to build a grain dictionary and map the grain in the actual image to the grain dictionary to obtain the scene information of the image;Then naive Bayesian networks were used to model the constraints of the relationship between architectural targets and the spatial context of scene classes, and the extraction of architectural targets was converted into a posteriori probability problem for solving Bayesian network class nodes. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively extract architectural objects from aerial images. The experiment result shows that:In this paper, the proportion of target pixels accurately extracted by the algorithm is taken as the standard to define the standard of target pixels accurately extracted by the algorithm to reach more than 90% of the building target pixels. The average time of training an image is 2 s, which is mainly spent on the convolution operation with the filter. After the training, the average time of processing a single test image is 0.5s. It is proved that Bayesian network model can effectively extract scene and object information from computer image.

【Objective】 Soil salinity is a common abiotic stress most crops experience during their growth. Understanding its spatiotemporal variation and the underlying reasons is impetus to improve agricultural management. We propose a model in this paper to classify soil salinity and analyze the underlying mechanisms. The model is applied to the North of Yellow River in Northern Shandong Plain. 【Method】 The model is based on the two - level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. A comprehensive evaluation index system is constructed using soil environment factors, groundwater environmental factors, and physical geographical factors. It considered eight indexes: proportion of land areas affected by salinized soil, degree of soil salinity, soil salt content, lithology of unsaturated zone, depth of groundwater table, groundwater salinity, evaporation-prescription ratio, and topography and landform. The degree of soil quality was divided into excellent, good, moderate, poor, and very poor grades. 【Result】 The areas of soil classified as very poor, poor, moderate, good and excellent based on soil salinization were 5 277.49 km2, 6 564.76 km2, 4 383.79 km2, 5 995.52 km2, and 4 919.29 km2, respectively. Based on their genesis and salinization, the salinized soils in the region can be divided to three areas consisting of eight sub-areas. 【Conclusion】 Soil salinity in the North of Yellow River in Northern Shandong Plain varies in its severity and space. The results presented in this paper can aid in improving soil management practices to promote a healthy agricultural and rural economy in the region.

In order to solve the existing problems such as non-standard size and inconvenient activities of the arm of dress form in current market, based on the latest collection of young male body size data, the forward and reverse modeling technology were used to build arm model. And two kinds of shoulder joint fittings were designed. The products were manufactured by rapid prototyping technology to realize free rotation of the arm at 90° coronal plane and 360° sagittal plane, which can meet the needs of draping fixation, and provide the necessary tools for garment sleeve design. The subjective and objective evaluation compared results show that the comprehensive performance of product with damping hinge by using forward modeling technology was better. In order to further improve the modeling effect, the forward and reverse hybrid modeling technology is suggested in the modeling building of the arm of dress form. This method provides technical reference for related production enterprises.

Promoting Party building and Civic-Concern Management in colleges and universities is of great significance to the implementation of the fundamental task of establishing morality, firming students’ ideals, and constructing a good school spirit and learning style. This paper takes the integration and development of party building and ideological and political management in colleges and universities as the starting point, screens the demand element indicators, and explores the demographic differences by using one-way ANOVA after conducting a questionnaire survey. Then Kano model and Better-Worse satisfaction index are used to analyze the demand element indicators for the integration of party building and ideological and political management in colleges and universities. Finally, a practical optimization path is proposed based on the three dimensions of the obtained essential attribute elements, desired attribute elements, and charismatic attribute elements. The specific results are as follows: the evaluation mechanism for the integration of party building and Civic and political management in colleges and universities varies across genders, academic qualifications, and majors (p

The issue of teaching quality in colleges and universities has received widespread attention, and teaching reform using information technology has become a way to improve the quality of university teaching. In this paper, an improvement method is proposed that combines the CBE competency education assessment model and improved C-ADDIE to create a teaching reform model for software engineering courses. After quantitatively assessing students’ professional competence using the IAHP-BP model, students with different competencies are divided by clustering and grouping to analyze the professional competence of software engineering students in terms of the whole and specialty. The professional competence score of the reformed students is 82.103 for the A class students, and the worse performing B class students, the professional competence score is only 72.639, and the gap between the two classes is close to 10 points. After the education of competency assessment with the model proposed in this paper, the student’s professional performance was improved with 11 points in the high score band, and the number of low score bands was gradually reduced. The model developed by the research is a valuable resource for computer software engineering students.

This paper first focuses on the problem of quality evaluation of adult education, proposes a data pre-processing method suitable for quality evaluation of adult education - the efficacy coefficient method, and introduces the subjective and objective evaluation factors and the time sequence factors through a variety of weighting methods, and designs the comprehensive evaluation algorithms based on the “pulling the grades method” and the “time sequence weighting method”. Lastly, evaluation algorithms were utilized to analyze teaching satisfaction, student motivation, and internal and external influences on adult education. The results showed that the students’ satisfaction index for all levels of adult education ranged from 0.4 to 0.6, which is between unsatisfactory and average. The main external influences are lack of flexibility in the mechanism, insufficient teaching staff, lack of funding, no advantage, and irrational curricula, which account for 72%, 53%, 48%, 39%, and 24% of the perceptions, respectively. This study is of great significance for the further deepening of the reform and development of adult higher education in China and the healthy development of lifelong learning for all.

As an important component of the hydraulic system, the performance of the hydraulic pump and motor greatly influences the performance of the whole hydraulic system, so it is necessary to study the hydraulic pump and motor test system. In this paper, the design of the mechanical power recovery hydraulic pump motor test system is completed through theoretical analysis and calculation; and the AMEsim simulation software is used to numerically simulate the test process of the hydraulic pump and motor test system, analyze the system loading method of the test system, recovery efficiency and simulation of typical working conditions; meanwhile, the control strategy of adjusting the single variable motor displacement to control the minimum overflow of the system is simulated and analyzed Simulation analysis is also performed for the control strategy of adjusting the univariate motor displacement to control the minimum overflow. Simulation results show that: the recovery efficiency of the mechanical power recovery hydraulic pump motor test system varies with the size of the overflow; when the system is the minimum overflow value, the optimal recovery efficiency of 75% is achieved, and the recovery performance is improved by 32% compared with other power methods. The mechanical power recovery hydraulic pump motor test system designed in this paper solves the shortcomings of high energy consumption, low recovery efficiency, and small application range of the previous single way of loading; at the same time, based on meeting the function and performance, the hydraulic pump and motor test system are integrated into one system, and the applicability and scalability are significantly improved.

Silica (SiO2) is one of the most promising inorganic nanofillers, and it has been widely used in the preparation of polymer nanocomposites due to its adjustable morphology, large specific surface area, and ease of functionalization. The surface modification, structural characteristics, and bonding mechanisms of SiO2 are crucial in enhancing the overall performance of polymer nanocomposites. This review focuses on summarizing the recent progress made regarding the preparation and structure characterization methods, unique properties, and rheological behavior of SiO2/polymer nanocomposites. In addition, the latest applications of SiO2/polymer nanocomposites in coatings, smart devices, biomedicine, and environment are further explored. A comprehensive summary of the main challenges, opportunities, and perspectives regarding SiO2/polymer nanocomposites is also presented.

Objective To investigate the damage of skeletal muscle satellite cells in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and the protective effect of γ⁃tocotrienol (GT3) on muscle satellite cells in DMD knockout mice. Methods Total 18 DMD knockout C57BL/6J mice and 18 wild⁃type (WT) C57BL/6J mice, while 6 DMD knockout mice and 6 WT mice were selected to detect satellites cells proportion, cells aging rate and apoptosis rate, DNA damage rate by flow cytometry. The remaining 12 DMD knockout mice and 12 WT mice were subcutaneously injected with 50 mg/kg GT3 solution or 50 mg/kg GT3 solvent. The apoptosis rate and DNA damage rate of satellite cells were detected by flow cytometry, and the expression changes of apoptosis⁃related genes Bcl⁃xl, Puma and Bax were detected by real time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (FQ⁃PCR). Results Compared with WT group, the number of satellite cells in the DMD knockout group was decreased (t=35.837, P=0.000), while the cells aging rate (t=12.902, P=0.000), apoptosis rate (t=6.864, P=0.000) and DNA damage rate (t=10.585, P=0.000) were increased. After the mice in the DMD knockout group and WT group were treated with GT3 solvent and GT3 solution, the cells apoptosis rate (F=59.130, P=0.000), the apoptosis⁃related gene Bcl⁃xl (F=54.480, P=0.000), Puma (F=38.940, P=0.000) and Bax (F=632.300, P=0.000) expression levels and DNA damage rate (F=22.990, P=0.000) were significantly different. Compared with GT3 solvent, the apoptosis rate of DMD knockout group was decreased treated with GT3 solution (q=13.820, P=0.000), and the expression of anti⁃apoptotic gene Bcl⁃xl was up⁃regulated (q=12.830, P=0.000), the expression of pro⁃apoptotic genes Puma (q=12.920, P=0.000) and Bax (q=48.050, P=0.000) were down⁃regulated, and the DNA damage rate was decreased (q=6.950, P=0.000). Conclusions The proportion of satellite cells in DMD knockout mice was reduced, and the cells aging, apoptosis and DNA damage were more obvious. The GT3 solution could partially improve the satellite cells damage.

During daily operation of Substation, if Gas Insulated Switchgear (GIS)equipment breaks down, it will lead to the suspension of substation power supply, and national production and life cannot be guaranteed. This paper discusses how to locate the breakdown of GIS efficiently and effectively. The Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) system described in this paper is combined with Support Vector Machines (SVM) in machine learning method, which can realize fault location and facilitate fault elimination. At the same time, it is of great significance to restore the power supply of substation in time.

Huge hazards are frequently caused by earthquake-induced rock avalanche. The study of dynamic response characteristics and failure mechanism of the rock slope in specific geological condition is a challenging issue in geotechnical engineering. In this paper, a shaking table test that reproduces the Shuiqiuchi rock avalanche was carried out to understand the dynamic response and failure mechanism of rock slope controlled by faults. The testing results show that when the dip angle of the fault is greater than a specific critical angle, part of the reflected and transmitted waves at the discontinuous interface change into sliding waves, resulting in a sudden change in the acceleration response at the fault. The peak acceleration amplification factor inside the model slope presents a significant three-stage trend. Peak horizontal acceleration amplification factor increases obviously with elevation, while peak vertical acceleration amplification factor increases slightly with elevation. The natural frequency curve of the slope model can be divided into three stages with a downward trend, which indicates that the dynamic characteristics of the model have changed. By comparing the shaking table test with the Shuiqiuchi rock avalanche prototype, the main failure mode of the rock slope with fault structure is found as follows: the slope crest first shows vertical tensile cracks under the seismic load, followed by cracking damage of the fragmented rock mass in the hanging wall of the fault, and finally sliding occurs along the fault surface. This research could provide references for the early-warning of granite avalanche, and offer the basic data and scientific support for the development of Qinling Mountain geological heritages.

Aiming to solve the problems of low cache hit rate and high average routing hops in the traditional cache strategies of named data networking (NDN), a cache optimization strategy for improving cache hit ratio is proposed. For each routing node, the dynamic priority value of each content block was calculated by combining the hit times of the current cached content block and the hit time characteristics of the request. The cached content block was then replaced according to this value to retain the content block with high current request rate and expected high future request rate. On this basis, according to the average priority value of each routing node on the content request path, a high priority cache decision strategy was designed to select a reasonable cache placement node. A large number of simulation results show that compared with the typical NDN cache strategy, this strategy can effectively improve the cache hit rate and reduce the average request hops.

Objective To investigate the relationship among serum 25（OH）D level, IgE-mediated food allergy and the severity of atopic dermatitis （AD） in infants. Methods Seventy-seven children with moderate to severe AD were enrolled in the study group, and 40 healthy children were selected in the control group. The serum levels of 25（OH）D were statistically compared between AD children with and without IgE-mediated food allergy, and the correlation between serum 25（OH）D level and the severity of AD （Severity Scoring of Atopic Dermatitis （SCORAD））was analyzed. Results Among the 77 children with AD, 19 AD cases （24.7%） were complicated with IgE-mediated food allergy. Compared with AD children without food allergy, the serum 25（OH）D level was significantly decreased in those complicated with food allergy （P < 0.001）. There was no significant difference in serum 25（OH）D level between the control group and the moderate AD group （P > 0.05）, whereas the serum 25（OH）D level in the severe AD group was significantly lower compared with that in the moderate AD group （P < 0.05）. There was no significant correlation between serum 25（OH）D level and SCORAD in AD children （P > 0.05）. Conclusion AD infants complicated with IgE-mediated food allergy or those with severe AD are more likely to have low serum levels of 25（OH）D, whereas there is no significant correlation between the severity of AD and serum 25（OH）D level.

The space unlocking device is a key component to realize the connection and separation between spacecraft and its accessories. In order to solve the problem that the non-self-locking thread connection space unlocking device is affected by impact, vibration and other loads during launch and lift-off, which leads to the risk of loosening failure of the main power source（loading nut）, the unlocking mechanism of the non-self-locking thread connection space unlocking device was analyzed. The redundant power source of the redundant drive mechanism was designed by multi-objective optimization algorithm. At the same time, the overrunning clutch was selected as the transmission main body of the redundant driving mechanism, which can ensure the smooth unlocking of the device in the case of failure of the main power source, and effectively avoid the interference between the redundant power source and the main power source in the normal operation of the device. Finally, the dynamic simulation analysis and experimental verification of the space unlocking device driven by the redundant mechanism have been carried out. The results show that the redundant mechanism can complete the unlocking task of the device quickly and reliably.

Introduction Digital technologies present tremendous opportunities for enabling long-term measurement of mental health in the general population. Emerging studies have established preliminary efficacy of collecting self-report data digitally. However, a key challenge when developing a new self-report instrument is navigating the abundance of existing instruments to select relevant constructs for measurements. This review is a precursor to developing a novel future integrated digital instrument for repeated measurements. We interrogate the literature as the first step towards optimal measurement of the multifaceted mental health concept, in the context of digital repeated measurement. This review aims to identify (1) digital self-report instruments administered repeatedly to measure the mental health of the general adult population; (2) their structure and format; (3) their psychometric properties; (4) their usage in empirical studies; and (5) the constructs these instruments were designed to measure (as characterised in the original publication), and the constructs the instruments have been used to measure in the identified empirical studies.Methods and analysis Five major electronic databases will be searched. Studies administering mental health instruments (in English) repeatedly to community dwellers in the general adult population are eligible. A reviewer will preliminarily screen for eligible studies. Then, two reviewers will independently screen the full text of the eligible articles and extract data. Both reviewers will resolve any disagreement through discussion or with a third reviewer. After the data extraction, a reviewer will manually search for the structure, format, psychometric properties and the original constructs these instruments were developed to measure. This review will synthesise the results in a narrative approach. The reporting in this review will be guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses checklist.Ethics and dissemination Ethical approval is not required as no data will be collected. Findings of the systematic review will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations.PROSPERO registration number CRD42022306547

Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development is a complex pathological process. Tubulin gamma 1 (TUBG1) plays an oncogenic role in several human cancers; however, its functional role in HCC tumorigenesis remains unknown. Methods Herein we first evaluated the gene expression levels of TUBG1 in HCC using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis databases. We then elucidated the association between TUBG1 gene expression levels and survival rates of patients with HCC. Cell cycle, proliferation, transwell migration, and matrigel invasion assays were used to study the effects of TUBG1 on the malignant phenotypes of HCC cells. Results Based on the data obtained from the aforementioned databases and our in vitro experiments, TUBG1 was found to be overexpressed in HCC and patients with high TUBG1 expression levels showed a remarkably poor overall survival rate. In addition, the expression of TUBG1 significantly promoted the malignant phenotypes of HCC cells in vitro. Gene ontology term enrichment analysis revealed that co-regulated genes were enriched in biological processes mainly involved in chromosome segregation, chromosomal region, and chromatin binding; moreover, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome pathway analysis showed that they were mainly involved in cell cycle, oocyte meiosis, platinum drug resistance, and the p53 signaling pathway. Conclusions We report that TUBG1 is an important oncogene in HCC. It promotes HCC progression and may serve as a potential prognostic biomarker for HCC. Future studies are warranted to unveil molecular biological mechanisms underlying TUBG1 carcinogenesis.

With the increase of point cloud scale, the time required by traditional ICP-related point cloud registration methods increases dramatically, which cannot meet the registration requirements of large-scale point clouds. In this paper, a fast registration technique for large scale point clouds based on virtual viewpoint image generation is studied. Firstly, the projection image of color point cloud is generated by virtual viewpoint. Then, the feature is extracted based on ORB and the rotation and translation matrix is calculated. The experimental results show that the registration time of the proposed method is about 1s when the size of the point cloud is from 300,000 to 2 million, which is improved by 17–258 times compared with the traditional ICP registration method, and the registration error is reduced by 80% from ICP 5.0 to 1.0. This paper provides a new idea and method for large-scale color point cloud registration.

Background: Cataract is the leading cause of blindness worldwide. In order to achieve large-scale cataract screening and remarkable performance, several studies have applied artificial intelligence (AI) to cataract detection based on fundus images. However, the fundus images they used are original from normal optical circumstances, which is less impractical due to the existence of poor-quality fundus images for inappropriate optical conditions in actual scenarios. Furthermore, these poor-quality images are easily mistaken as cataracts because both show fuzzy imaging characteristics, which may decline the performance of cataract detection. Therefore, we aimed to develop and validate an antiinterference AI model for rapid and efficient diagnosis based on fundus images.Materials and Methods: The datasets (including both cataract and noncataract labels) were derived from the Chinese PLA general hospital. The antiinterference AI model consisted of two AI submodules, a quality recognition model for cataract labeling and a convolutional neural networks-based model for cataract classification. The quality recognition model was performed to distinguish poor-quality images from normal-quality images and further generate the pseudo labels related to image quality for noncataract. Through this, the original binary-class label (cataract and noncataract) was adjusted to three categories (cataract, noncataract with normal-quality images, and noncataract with poor-quality images), which could be used to guide the model to distinguish cataract from suspected cataract fundus images. In the cataract classification stage, the convolutional-neural-network-based model was proposed to classify cataracts based on the label of the previous stage. The performance of the model was internally validated and externally tested in real-world settings, and the evaluation indicators included area under the receiver operating curve (AUC), accuracy (ACC), sensitivity (SEN), and specificity (SPE).Results: In the internal and external validation, the antiinterference AI model showed robust performance in cataract diagnosis (three classifications with AUCs >91%, ACCs >84%, SENs >71%, and SPEs >89%). Compared with the model that was trained on the binary-class label, the antiinterference cataract model improved its performance by 10%.Conclusion: We proposed an efficient antiinterference AI model for cataract diagnosis, which could achieve accurate cataract screening even with the interference of poor-quality images and help the government formulate a more accurate aid policy.

Background: A majority of previous studies appear to support a view that human observers can only perceive coarse information from a natural scene image when it is presented rapidly (

Northeast area is the main producing region and the most important outflow area of grain in China.In the process of grain transported from Northeast China Region,restricted by factors such as storage conditions,facilities and equipment,transportation pattern,quality monitoring and ecological area change,there are some grain quality problems such as higher losses of raw grain,grain damage,insect pest development,surface dew,local fever,decline of storage quality and taste quality,and even mildew.In order to promoting the technology application and provide technical reference for quality assurance transportation in China,it is suggested to promote the technical application of grain classification and classification,quality detection,green storage technology,the logistics facilities in grain transportation channels,improvement of‘Four Deconcentrations’ transportation rate and container transportation,the grain logistics information service,food consumption and processing demand production and marketing docking,grain quality monitoring and traceability etc.Strengthen the construction of quality-oriented circulation standard system to provide technical reference for quality-oriented grain transportation in China.

Abstract Background Dysfunction of cerebral autoregulation is one of the pathophysiological mechanisms that causes delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Pressure reactivity index (PRx) have been confirmed to reflect the level of cerebral autoregulation and used to derive optimal cerebral perfusion pressure (CPPopt). The goal of this study is to explore the associations between autoregulation, CPPopt, PRx, and DCI. Methods Continuous intracranial pressure (ICP), arterial blood pressure (ABP), and cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) signals acquired from 61 aSAH patients were retrospectively analyzed. PRx was calculated and collected by Pneumatic computer system. The CPP at the lowest PRx was determined as the CPPopt. The duration of a hypoperfusion event (dHP) was defined as the cumulative time that the PRx was > 0.3 and the CPP was

Waldheimia glabra (Decne.) Rgl. 1879 (family Asteraceae) is a perennial herb with high economic and medicinal values. In this study, we sequenced the complete chloroplast (cp) genome of W. glabra by high-throughput Illumina sequencing. The size of the W. glabra cp genome is 151,499 bp, with overall GC content of 37.3%. It contains a large single copy and a small single copy region of 83,078 bp and 18,457 bp, respectively, separated by a pair of inverted repeats regions of 24,982 bp. We also discovered 131 genes, including 86 protein-coding genes, 37 transfer RNA genes, and 8 ribosomal RNA genes in the genome. The maximum-likelihood phylogenetic tree demonstrated that W. glabra is closely related to Leucanthemella linearis.

Maximizing the residual value of retired products and reducing process consumption and resource waste are vital for Generalized Growth-oriented Remanufacturing Services (GGRMS). Under the GGRMS, the traditional product-oriented remanufacturing methods to be changed: the products in GGRMS should be divided into multiple parts for maximizing residual value of different parts. However, this increases the difficulty of resource matching for service activities. To improve the efficiency of resource matching, we first used rough-fuzzy number and structural entropy weighting method to perform a coupling analysis on all service activities in the generalized growth scheme set, and to merge redundant service activities. We then considered the interests of both the service providers and integrators and added flexible impact factors to establish a service resource optimization configuration model, and solved it with the Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-II). Finally, we, using a retired manual gearbox an experiment, optimized the service resource allocation for its generalized growth scheme set. The experimental results shown that the overall matching efficiency was increased by 74.56% after merging redundant service activities, showing that the proposed method is suitable for the resource allocation of the generalized growth for complex single mechanical products, and can offer guidelines to the development of RMS.

Objectives For an electrical propulsion system, the transient torque induced by short-circuit faults is so large that it will exert a greater impact on the safety of shipboard electric propulsion system. In order to evaluate the problem, a simulation method for analyzing the torsional vibration of a propulsion system under a short-circuit-induced torque impulse is proposed in the time domain.Methods Based on the torsion vibration analysis theory, a time-domain model is developed, and the system response to a transient torque impulse induced by a short-circuit is expressed. Then by using the proposed simulation model, the natural frequencies and response to the transient torque impulse for an electrical propulsion system are calculated and analyzed.Results The simulation results show that the dynamic characteristics of the system have a prominent role in the transmission of torque impulse, and components at frequencies above the first resonance frequency see a substantial reduction, so the torque response of the propeller is mainly based on the first resonance frequency component. If an elastic coupling is inserted into the propulsion motor and the shafting, the torque response of the system can be significantly decreased. The peak value increases with motor speed, and vibratory torque can reach several times the value of the mean torque, causing the gears to rattle and the torsion vibratory stress to grow as a result.Conclusions The proposed simulation modeling method is suitable for analyzing the torsional vibration response of an electrical propulsion system under a short-circuit-induced impulse load, and a numerical calculation should be carried out to check the reliability of the system during the design process.

Grain safety is of fundamental importance for the whole society. The traditional methods cannot fulfil the requirements of whole grain chain traceability. Also it is hard to combine with the modern technological developments. In view of the two bottlenecks, and based on the analysis of the application and research status of block chain technology in grain industry, the characteristics of block chain technology, such as “decentralization”, “timestamp” and “unchangeable”, and the differences between block-chain traceability mode and traditional traceability mode, this article proposed the application scenarios of block chain technology in the construction of grain traceability system, summarized the development trend of block chain technology innovation, and put forward the key issues that should be paid attention to.

Cellular and humoral immunity are both important in host defense against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Although defects in SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell immunity have been found in patients with severe lung pathology, it is still largely unclear whether virus-specific T cells are sufficient for host protection. Here, we found that in a previously characterized cohort of convalescent subjects, one individual, though lacking detectable anti-viral neutralizing IgG antibodies, showed virus-specific T cell responses, both in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells in this and other individuals are maintained for up to 10 months. This study thus further supports a critical role of T cells in host defense against SARS-CoV-2, offering new insights into the design and evaluation of COVID-19 vaccines.

The year 2021 saw the development and deployment of COVID-19 vaccines at an unprecedented pace, which is a remarkable success in science and technology. COVID-19 vaccines based on different technology platforms have been given to billions of humans globally to minimize the infection and transmission of SARS-CoV-2, and most importantly, to end the COVID-19 pandemic. Here, we provide a snapshot of the current status and future challenge of COVID-19 vaccination after one year.