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In northern China’s cold regions, the prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) exceeds 50%, significantly higher than the national and global rates. MASLD is an important risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, including coronary heart disease, stroke, and tumors, with no specific therapeutic drugs currently available. The ethanol extract of cassia seed (CSEE) has shown promise in lowering blood lipids and improving hepatic steatosis, but its mechanism in treating MASLD remains underexplored. This study aims to investigate the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of CSEE.

In order to reveal the characteristics of overlying rock migration and mining pressure manifestation in deep well long wall paste filling mining, the 1123 filling working face of Gucheng Coal Mine was taken as the research object, and geological radar, multi-point displacement meter, microseismic monitoring and other methods were used for research. The research results show that: (1) The range of influence of advanced mining in the working face is 33~37 m, and the range of influence of advanced mining on the coal pillar side of the intake roadway increases to 50 m. The range of influence of advanced mining in the fault affected area of the return airway shows an increasing trend; (2) The microseismic events in the filling working face exhibit distribution characteristics such as asymmetry, low energy, low vertical development height, concentrated bottom plate, and dispersed top plate, with a majority of small energy events; (3) The top plate of the filling working face is mainly deformed and sunk, without large-scale damage or major energy events, indicating that filling mining reduces the migration mode and strength of the overlying rock layers; (4) When the progress of filling the working face reached 165.6 meters, there was no significant subsidence on the surface, indicating that filling mining has a good inhibitory effect on surface subsidence.

Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of quercetin (QUE) in improving lipid accumulation in hepatocytes by regulating lipolysis and lipophagy pathway. Methods The human hepatocyte cell line 5 (HHL-5) was induced by palmitic acid (PA) to establish a steatogenic hepatocyte model. Quercetin at different concentrations (5, 10, 20 and 40 μmol/L) has been utilized to interfere with HHL-5 cells for 24 h, and the experiment was divided into six groups: control group, PA group, PA+QUE5 group, PA+QUE10 group, PA+QUE20 groupand PA+QUE40 group. In order to determine the influence of lipophagy on QUE effect, 3-methyladenine (3-MA) was used to block autophagy, and HHL-5 cells were divided into the control, PA, PA+QUE40, 3-MA, PA+3-MA and PA+3-MA+QUE40 groups. The contents of triglyceride (TG), accumulations of lipid droplets, expression of lipolysis and lipophagy related molecules, and degree of co-localization, and expression level of substrate of autophagy P62 were detected in above 2 types of experimental groups. Results Compared with the control group, the TG content and the lipid accumulation were significantly increased, the protein levels, average fluorescence intensities and colocalization degree of lipolysis related molecules adipose triglycerides lipase(ATGL) and comparative gene identification-58(CGI58), and lipophagy related molecules Ras-related protein 7(RAB7) and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta (LC3β) were significantly decreased, while the expression of P62 was enhanced in HHL-5 cells in the PA group (all P < 0.05). Compared with the PA group, the triglyceride content and the degree of lipid accumulation in the PA+QUE40 group were significantly decreased, and the protein expression level, average fluorescence intensity and co-localization degree of lipolysis and lipophagy related molecules were significantly increased, while P62 was significantly decreased (P < 0.05). When 3-MA was added to the steatogenic hepatocytes to inhibit autophagy, the improvement effect of QUE on lipid accumulation and the regulation of lipolysis and liphagy related molecules in steatogenic hepatocytes were neutralized. Conclusion QUE alleviates lipid accumulation in HHL-5 cells by promoting the expression and interaction of molecules related to lipolysis and lipophagy pathways. However, these effects can be weakened by the autophagy inhibitor 3-MA.

Objective To analyze the risk factors and clinical characteristics of uveitis in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Methods A retrospective case-control study was conducted on 30 children with JIA-associated uveitis (JIA-U) and 36 age- and gender-matched children diagnosed as simple JIA admitted to Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from June 2016 to June 2023. The clinical data, laboratory indicators and radiological findings were collected, and analyzed for the risk factors for JIA-U with univariate and multivariate analysis. Results In this study, JIA-U mostly occurred in both eyes (63.3%, 19/30), with anterior uveitis as the main cause (86.7%, 26/30), insidious onset, and mostly occurred after JIA diagnosis (60.0%, 18/30), and only 30% showing ocular discomfort or visual impairment. Univariate analysis showed that the JIA children with oligoarthritis JIA, negative rheumatoid factor (RF) and negative anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody (anti-CCP) were prone to be complicated with uveitis (P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that RF negativity was an independent risk factor for development of JIA-U (OR=5.400, 95%CI: 1.033~28.227, P=0.046). Conclusion IA-U often develops in both eyes, anterior uveitis is the most common, and it mostly diagnosed after JIA. It has no obvious eye symptoms in the early stage and thus is not easily recognized. Oligoarthritis JIA, RF-negative, and anti-CCP antibody-negative are the high-risk factors for the complication of JIA-U in children with JIA.

Clearly determining the magnitude of fracture pressure is a crucial indicator for fracturing design. Traditional methods for predicting fracture pressure suffer from challenges such as difficulties in obtaining required data, low prediction accuracy, and local limitations in application. In light of these issues, the article proposes a fracture pressure prediction model based on reinforcement learning and XGBoost utilizing geophysical well logging data. Based on the relevance analysis, optimal input parameters, including DEPTH, DEN, AC, GR, CRL, and RT, are selected from geophysical well logging data. We have developed a framework for a fracture pressure prediction model based on XGBoost, wherein hyperparameters are fine-tuned using an improved Q-learning algorithm. The optimized XGBoost model for fracture pressure prediction attains outstanding performance metrics, including an R 2 value of 0.992, a root mean square error of 0.006%, and a mean absolute error of 0.539%. In direct comparison with grid search, Bayesian optimization, and ant colony optimization, the improved Q-learning algorithm emerges as the most effective optimization approach. The predictions generated by the proposed method exhibit remarkable consistency with fracture pressure data measured on-site. This approach successfully addresses the shortcomings encountered with traditional fracture pressure prediction methods, such as inadequate accuracy, demanding data prerequisites, and constrained applicability.

AIM:To explore the fundus vascular characteristics of healthy individuals based on deep learning techniques, with a view to discovering the range of normal values of the fundus arteries and veins, as well as the relationship between physiological factors, such as gender, age, body mass index(BMI), blood pressure, and fundus vasculature characteristics.METHODS:Fundus images of healthy people were taken from a professional fundus camera, and the subject's blood pressure and laboratory test was collected. Additionally, the fundus arteries and veins were segmented by the improved U-Net model, and the color, morphology and Haralick texture features of the vessels were extracted from computer vision technology.RESULTS:A total of 4 487 cases fundus images were taken and 326 cases with healthy and clear fundus images were screened, including 200 males and 126 females. There were differences in the morphology, color, and textural characteristics of the left and right eyes, as well as of the fundus arterioles and veins, with a mean vessel width(width)of 1.146 in the arteries and 1.430 in the veins, and an arteriovenous ratio about 4:5. Fundus artery and vein characteristics in healthy individuals of different ages(21-30, 31-40, 41-50): compared with the healthy population aged 21-30 and 31-40 years, arterial and venous inverse difference moment(idm), f12 and venous angular second moment(asm)values increased, and arterial and venous contrast(con), entropy(ent), difference entropy(den), and venous sum entropy(sen)values decreased in 41-50 years. Compared with the 21-30 years age group, arterial f12 values increased and venous con values decreased in 31-40 years(all P0.05). Fundus characteristics of healthy people with different degrees of blood pressure: there were statistically significant differences in fundus arteriosus area, width, and venous con, idm, dva, and den values between the normal blood pressure and high blood pressure groups(all P

Abstract Due to the complex maritime navigation environment, Unmanned Surface Vessels (USVs) are influenced by unknown nonlinear dynamics arising from external disturbances and internal uncertainties. Achieving effective formation control while maintaining obstacle avoidance performance presents significant challenges. This article proposes a Neural Networks (NNs) adaptive formation Artificial Potential Field (APF) obstacle avoidance control method for multiple USVs. By employing online updates of Radial Basis Function (RBF) NNs technology, the unknown nonlinear dynamics are approximated, thus addressing complex nonlinear dynamics problems. In scenarios involving multiple USVs navigating under high wind and wave conditions, collisions with obstacles frequently occur. To tackle this issue, a leader-follower control strategy is designed that effectively addresses risk assessment and obstacle avoidance under such challenging conditions. Additionally, to account for saturation constraints or potential faults in the controller inputs commonly encountered in engineering applications, it implements an asymmetric auxiliary control system. Furthermore, the Lyapunov stability theorem is utilized to ensure the stability of both the formation control and obstacle avoidance algorithms for multiple USVs. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is validated through simulations.

Objective The Suzhou–Wuxi–Changzhou region is one of the most severely affected areas by land subsidence, both in China and globally. In the early 1970s, land subsidence occurred and resulted in the formation of ground fissures caused by differential subsidence, thus resulting in significant economic losses. In this century, the rate of ground subsidence has decreased, with some areas experiencing regional ground resilience. The unique developmental history of ground subsidence allows one to comprehensively interpret its evolutionary process and causal mechanisms. This study aims to unravel the life cycle and driving forces of land subsidence in the Suzhou–Wuxi–Changzhou region. Methods To achieve this, a multifaceted approach was employed, including long-term and large-scale monitoring of three-dimensional seepage, stress, and strain, complemented by physical experimental models and numerical simulations. An analysis was conducted to synthesize the macro-evolutionary patterns and causal mechanisms of land subsidence and the formation of ground fissures. Results and Conclusion The findings indicate that land subsidence in the Suzhou–Wuxi–Changzhou region exhibits distinct characteristics that evolve through five discernible stages: initiation, rapid development, deceleration, stagnation, and rebound. The development of land subsidence is intricately connected to groundwater extraction, with stratum deformation arising predominantly from the compaction and dewatering of aquifers and aquitards due to pumping. During the subsidence phase, primary aquifer sand and contiguous aquitards are identified as the primary contributors to subsidence. By dissecting the causal mechanisms of land subsidence and ground fissures, this study delineates the spatiotemporal evolution of the structural compression and rebound of strata under varying conditions of deep groundwater exploitation, restriction, and prohibition, along with their respective contributions to subsidence. Ground fissures, which act as a secondary geological hazard at certain stages of subsidence, exhibit a spatial distribution and occurrence time that are closely related to groundwater levels, land subsidence, bedrock undulations, and soil-layer structural disparities. The life cycle of ground fissures can be encapsulated by the mechanical processes of compression, tension, shearing, and rebound, which highlights the triggers and critical thresholds for fissure formation due to differential subsidence. An integrated “sky–air–ground” monitoring system that can perform full-section fiber-optic monitoring in geological boreholes and amalgamates diverse technical methods is established to obtain scientific and granular data support for land-subsidence control and prevention. Furthermore, an innovative finite-element coupling interface element method customized for regional and site-specific scales is developed. This method successfully simulates the mechanisms of stratum deformation as well as the genesis and propagation of ground fissures under complex three-dimensional geological conditions, thus facilitating the precise identification and management of subsidence and fissure prone areas. Significance This study highlights the government’s land subsidence control measures at various stages, which are characterized by technological innovations such as groundwater extraction restrictions and bans, thus setting a precedent for land subsidence management and groundwater resource stewardship in other provinces and cities across China.

The combined exposure to environmental pollutants can result in unanticipated adverse effects on human health, and how to compare and assess these effects has always been a matter of great concern for the international community. Currently, several prevalent methods for assessing combined exposure risks in the field of human health risk assessment primarily encompass the hazard index (HI) method, the point of departure index (PODI) method, the margin of exposure (MOE) method, and the relative potency factor (RPF) method. The review summarizes the application of these methods to the cumulative risk assessment of combined exposure to the same class of chemicals with the same toxic mechanism, primarily focusing on pesticides such as organophosphorus pesticides, pyrethroids, carbamates, and neonicotinoids, as well as typical compounds intimately related to human production and life, including organophosphorus flame retardants, per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances, and bisphenols. Furthermore, progress in the application of physiologically based pharmacokinetics models to human health risk assessment has been introduced, which might provide more options for risk assessment of combined exposure to multiple chemicals, and help to provide insights for further exploration and establishment of more systematic and scientific approaches to human health risk assessment.

AIM:To observe the clinical efficacy of 3% diquafosol sodium eye drops combined with sodium hyaluronate eye drops in the treatment of dry eyes after pterygium surgery with lacrimal insufficiency.METHODS: A total of 64 cases(64 eyes)of pterygium patients with lacrimal insufficiency were treated with pterygium resection combined with limbal stem cell transplantation, and they were given routine anti-inflammatory and infection prevention treatment postoperatively. In terms of postoperative dry eye treatment, all patients were randomly divided into two groups. The observation group was treated with 3% diquafosol sodium eye drops combined with sodium hyaluronate eye drops, and the control group was treated with sodium hyaluronate eye drops. The break-up time of tear film(BUT), fluorescein(FL), Schirmer's Ⅰ test(SⅠt), ocular surface disease index(OSDI)score, central corneal thickness(CCT)changes, adverse reactions and complications were observed and compared between the two groups at different times postoperatively.RESULTS: Both groups of pterygium patients were accompanied with mild to moderate dry eyes with insufficient tear secretion preoperatively. At 2 wk after operation, both groups showed shorter BUT and higher FL score compared with those preoperatively(P0.05). At 4 wk after operation, BUT in the observation group was prolonged, OSDI score was decreased(both P0.05).CONCLUSION: In the treatment of dry eye after pterygium surgery with lacrimal insufficiency, 3% diquafosol sodium eye drops combined with sodium hyaluronate eye drops can effectively reduce the postoperative dry eye symptoms, and its clinical effect is better than that of sodium hyaluronate eye drops alone.

Protein O-glycosylation, also known as mucin-type O-glycosylation, is one of the most abundant glycosylation in mammalian cells. It is initially catalyzed by a family of polypeptide GalNAc transferases (ppGalNAc-Ts). The trimeric spike protein (S) of SARS-CoV-2 is highly glycosylated and facilitates the virus’s entry into host cells and membrane fusion of the virus. However, the functions and relationship between host ppGalNAc-Ts and O-glycosylation on the S protein remain unclear. Herein, we identify 15 O-glycosites and 10 distinct O-glycan structures on the S protein using an HCD-product-dependent triggered ETD mass spectrometric analysis. We observe that the isoenzyme T6 of ppGalNAc-Ts (ppGalNAc-T6) exhibits high O-glycosylation activity for the S protein, as demonstrated by an on-chip catalytic assay. Overexpression of ppGalNAc-T6 in HEK293 cells significantly enhances the O-glycosylation level of the S protein, not only by adding new O-glycosites but also by increasing O-glycan heterogeneity. Molecular dynamics simulations reveal that O-glycosylation on the protomer-interface regions, modified by ppGalNAc-T6, potentially stabilizes the trimeric S protein structure by establishing hydrogen bonds and non-polar interactions between adjacent protomers. Furthermore, mutation frequency analysis indicates that most O-glycosites of the S protein are conserved during the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 variants. Taken together, our finding demonstrate that host O-glycosyltransferases dynamically regulate the O-glycosylation of the S protein, which may influence the trimeric structural stability of the protein. This work provides structural insights into the functional role of specific host O-glycosyltransferases in regulating the O-glycosylation of viral envelope proteins.

The aim of this study is to assess the impact of serum magnesium (Mg) levels on prognostic outcomes in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) undergoing treatment with epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKI). A cohort comprising 91 patients with NSCLC with epidermal growth factor receptor mutations received EGFR-TKI therapy. Assessments of liver and kidney function and electrolyte levels were conducted before treatment initiation and after completing two cycles of EGFR-TKI therapy. Data on variables such as age, gender, presence of distant metastasis, smoking history, other therapeutic interventions, and the specific TKI used were collected for analysis. Cox regression analysis revealed that patients with higher Mg levels prior to EGFR-TKI therapy had significantly longer progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Elevated Mg levels remained predictive of PFS and OS after two cycles of EGFR-TKI therapy. Multiple regression analysis confirmed these findings. Additionally, it was observed that smokers might represent a unique population, demonstrating a correlation between OS and Mg levels. Our findings indicate that serum Mg level is a prognostic factor in patients with NSCLC undergoing EGFR-TKI therapy. This may provide new insights into the underlying mechanisms of EGFR-TKI therapy related to electrolyte balance.

In this study, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and distilled water were used as raw materials, glycerol was used as plasticizer. The PVA/AgNPs composite films with different proportions of silver nanoparticles (0%, 1%, 2% and 4%) were prepared by solution casting method. The mechanical properties, barrier property and antibacterial property of the films were characterized. The suitable film was applied to the fresh-keeping of fresh noodles leaf, and its effect on the quality of fresh noodles leaf was studied. The results showed that 4% PVA/AgNPs films had better mechanical properties, barrier properties and antibacterial properties. The diameter of the inhibitory circle against Staphylococcus aureus reached 11.67±0.29 mm. PVA/AgNPs film with 4% nano-silver content was selected to preserve fresh noodles leaf and determine the quality changes of fresh noodles leaf during the storage period at 4 ℃. The preservation results showed that 4% PVA/AgNPs film could significantly delayed the growth of total colony counts, maintained the color, pH and acidity of the fresh noodles leaf during the storage period. Furthermore, 4% PVA/AgNPs film significantly reduced the cooking loss, improved the quality and the migration of the silver in the fresh noodles leaf, which the national standards. The above study showed that PVA/AgNPs film had the excellent antibacterial effect, and effectively maintained the quality of fresh noodle leaf and prolong the storage time, which can provide a new method for the packaging of noodle products.

In this paper, wheat flour was irradiated at different doses (0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 kGy) to investigate the effects of 60Co-γirradiation on the structural and functional properties of its gluten. The disulfide bond was broken by irradiation, and the content of the free sulfhydryl group increased. The results of Fourier infrared spectroscopy showed that the secondary structure of gluten protein was rearranged with decrease in a-helix content and an increase in β-sheet content. Raman spectroscopy and surface hydrophobicity showed that the microenvironment of aromatic amino acid side chains changed. Irradiation treatment resulted in the tryptophan and tyrosine residues tending more toward the exposed state, and the surface hydrophobicity increased. Meanwhile, irradiation increased the solubility, water and oil holding, and emulsifying properties of gluten proteins, and the maximum value reached at 15 kGy（solubility is 0.46 mg/mL, water holding 3.13 g/g, oil holding 4.33 g/g, emulsification 6.669 m2/g）. In conclusion, the proper dose of gamma-irradiation can change the secondary and tertiary structure of gluten, and improve its functional properties such as solubility, water retention and emulsification, which is conducive to expanding the application space of gluten protein and providing theoretical references for industrial applications.

ObjectiveTo explore the association between short-term exposure to atmospheric fine particulate matter （PM2.5） and ozone （O3） and systemic inflammatory indicators in patients with pneumonia， and to identify the susceptible populations.MethodsFrom September 2018 to April 2020， data of 1 480 patients admitted for pneumonia was collected from a tertiary hospital in Taiyuan City. Generalized additive models （GAMs） were used to explore the associations between PM2.5 and O3 exposure and inflammatory indicators of patients with pneumonia； and to explore the susceptibility factors and susceptible populations to PM2.5 and O3 exposures through stratified analyses.ResultsThe short-term exposure to PM2.5 was associated with changes in peripheral blood C-reation protein （CRP）， erythrocyte sedimentation （ESR）， easinophil （EOS）， neutrophil （NEU） and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio （NLR） in patients with pneumonia， and there were different degrees of hysteresis effects， with the effect values reaching a maximum at lag03， lag03， lag0， lag03， lag03， respectively， which were 4.13% （95%CI： 0.43%‒7.84%）， 3.10% （95%CI： 0.24%‒5.97%）， 5.27% （95%CI： 3.12%‒7.42%）， 1.85% （95%CI： 0.36%‒3.34%）， and 2.53% （95%CI： 0.53%‒4.74%） for every 10 μg·m-3 of PM2.5. The changes in O3 concentration were associated with the elevation of peripheral blood PCT and ESR in patients with pneumonia， and their effect values all reached the maximum at lag01 d， every 1 μg·m-3 of O3 elevation increased by 0.38% （95%CI： 0.04%‒0.73%） and 0.47% （95%CI： 0.19%‒0.76%）， respectively. Stratified analyses showed that the associations of PM2.5 with peripheral blood CRP， ESR， NEU， and NLR in pneumonia patients were more significant in males， the elderly， and those with onset in the cold season； the associations of O3 with peripheral blood PCT and ESR in pneumonia patients were more significant in the elderly and those with onset in the warm season， and the peripheral blood CRP and PCT in female patients with pneumonia were more susceptible to the changes of O3.ConclusionShort-term exposure to atmospheric PM2.5 and O3 are positively associated with changes in inflammatory indicators in patients with pneumonia， and the effects of PM2.5 on patients with pneumonia are more extensive than those of O3， with a longer lag effect. In addition， elderly patients with pneumonia are more sensitive to air pollution， male patients with pneumonia are more sensitive to PM2.5， and female patients with pneumonia are more sensitive to O3. Cold and warm seasons can exacerbate the effects of PM2.5 and O3 on inflammatory indicators in patients with pneumonia， respectively， and the patients must be protected well.

Abstract Background Under the general trend of global aging, geriatric comorbidity is increasingly common, which may have some impact on the quality of life of the older people. Self-management can effectively improve patient compliance, subjective initiative, and improve patient quality of life. However, the present situation of self-management in different old people is different. Therefore, this study classifies older co-morbid patients through potential profiling analysis, understands the category characteristics of self-management level of older co-morbid patients, and discusses the influencing factors of self-management level of different categories of older co-morbid patients, which can provide reference for personalized intervention programs for different comorbidity characteristics of elderly people in the future. Method Through a cross-sectional study, 616 cases of older co-morbid patients in three districts of Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, were selected as survey subjects by using the whole cluster sampling method. The General Information Questionnaire, Chronic Disease Self-Management Scale, Health Literacy Scale, Electronic Health Literacy Scale, Collaborative Social Support Scale, and Health Empowerment Scale were used to conduct the survey. Results The result of LPA shows that the self-management characteristics of older co-morbid patients should be classified into 3 categories: good self-management (19.4%), medium self-management(27.9%), and low self-management (52.7%). The results of multivariate logistic regression analyses show that literacy, religiosity, health literacy, e-health literacy, appreciative social support, and health empowerment are influential factors for self-management among older co-morbid patients (p

With trends towards low fishmeal and higher plant ingredient-based diets for shrimp, there is consequently greater demand on feed additives to bolster the protein and nutrient profile quality for achieving more efficiency. Also, there is a need to enhance innate immunity and resilience to infection under intensive shrimp production scenarios. This investigation tested incremental levels 0, 0.2; 0.4; 0.6 and 0.8 % of a commercial yeast cell wall extract mainly comprising β-glucan and mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) (YM, YeaMOS, Angel Yeast, Yichang, Hubei, China) for post-larval shrimp Penaeus vannamei in isonitrogenous and iso-lipidic diets with proteinaceous plant ingredients amounting to 50 % contribution of the diet formulation. After 60 d, growth and feed utilization performance were not significantly affected in shrimp in terms of weight gain or FCR, but due to much higher survival, total biomass in groups of shrimps fed with dietary YM was higher compared to the control treatment. A sequential specific pathogen challenge test with Vibrio parahaemolyticus at final dose of 104 CFU mL−1 resulted in a marked improvement in survival against the control group with much enhancement at the inclusion level of 0.4 % YM (p

The BBX gene family encodes transcription factors that regulate several biological processes, such as plant growth, development, and stress response. They have been identified and thoroughly studied in numerous plant species. The functional role of the BBX gene family against UV-B stress in soybean has not been well documented. Herein, this study focused on a comprehensive investigation of the GmBBX genes in soybean and their expression patterns in response to UV-B exposure. A total of 184 BBX genes were identified and analyzed to determine the conserved domain. Single and double B-box and CCT domains were found across these proteins, indicating potential functional diversity. The protein physicochemical properties showcased diverse characteristics, highlighting molecular size, stability, and hydrophobicity. Phylogenetic analysis revealed five distinct clades, showcasing a non-uniform distribution of GmBBX genes. Chromosomal mapping showed a non-uniform distribution of GmBBX genes across the 20 chromosomes of soybean. The highest number of genes (26) were found on chromosome 13, whereas chromosomes 5 and 15 displayed the lowest number of genes (3 genes each). Gene structure analysis revealed variations in exon-intron patterns, while motif composition analysis unveiled conserved motifs among GmBBX proteins. Gene duplication indicated that the expansion of the GmBBX genes was linked with tandem and dispersed duplications. Gene ontology analysis revealed enrichment of terms associated with light stimulus, response to abiotic stress, and molecular functions such as zinc ion binding. The promoter region reveals cis-acting elements related to hormones, light, and stress responses. The GmBBX genes exhibited differential expression in response to UV-B stress, suggesting their possible role in plant defense against UV-B stress. This study will provide a solid foundation for further analysis of the molecular mechanisms of GmBBX genes in soybean against UV-B stress.

Objective: Determine the appropriate soymilk concentration and slurry depth to provide a theoretical reference for the efficient and high-quality production of yuba. Methods: The effect of soymilk solids concentration and slurry depth on the yield, film-forming rate, nutrient contents, mechanical properties, cooking loss rate, and rehydration ratio were investigated. Results: The optimal yield solids of yuba (34.68%) and highest nutritional value occurs when the soymilk solids concentration is 6% and the soymilk slurry depth is 6 cm, which presents 51.05% protein, 23.42% fats, and it also has good tensile strength and rehydration qualities, with respective measurements of 3.74 MPa and 3.80 g/g. Conclusion: Considering various factors such as yield, film formation rate and overall food quality, it is recommended to employ processing conditions with a soymilk solids concentration of 6% and a slurry depth of 6 cm for the efficient and high-quality production of yuba.

This paper focuses on the dynamic compaction experimental investigation of ADC12 alloy powder using laser impact, leveraging the high strain rate and controllable precision of pulsed lasers. The effects of varying laser energy (Em) and impactor thickness on the relative density, microstructure, and microhardness of the ADC12 alloy powder billets were examined. Utilizing 2D multi-particle finite element simulation (2D MPFEM), the densification mechanism of these billets was analysed with the help of coordination numbers. The simulation also provided insights into the particle velocity, equivalent plastic strain, and adiabatic temperature increase during compaction. Key findings include that a relative densification of up to 97.27% in the billets is achievable when the laser energy reaches 6J. Notably, a decrease in impactor thickness at constant laser energy leads to a more uniform microstructure and microhardness in the billet. Simulations with the 2D MPFEM demonstrate that thinner impactors allow billets to absorb more energy, thereby increasing particle velocity and plastic strain. This enhances both the relative density and mechanical properties of the billets. The simulation explores the stress distribution during compaction and captures the adiabatic temperature rise on the surface of the pressed billet that occurs in the transient, which is consistent with experimental revelations that heat softens or even locally melts the particles to produce sintering. This study offers new insights into the formation process of these billets from a microstructural standpoint, elucidating the relationship between processing conditions and the resulting material properties.

Difficult-to-form materials and complex mold characteristics have an important effect on the fittability and mechanical properties of microforming components. This study focuses on the fittability and mechanical properties of laser shock liquid warm microforming based on AZ31B magnesium alloy foils and a complex microcamera shell die. The characteristics of formed parts under varying temperatures and laser energies were discussed. Single-pulse and double-pulse forming experiments were conducted and compared. At 140 °C and 1260 mJ, double-pulse forming achieved a maximum depth of 184.5 μm, demonstrating near-perfect workpiece conformity to the die. In contrast, single-pulse forming did not achieve such results. This implies that double-pulse forming notably improves the fittability of workpieces and effectively mitigates springback. Finite element simulations corroborate the experimental findings. Moreover, simulation elucidates phenomena observed during experiments, including springback and crack formation. Additionally, the study delves into the microhardness, thickness distribution, and surface roughness of the formed parts. The results indicate that double-pulse forming yields workpieces with superior microhardness, reduced roughness, and a more uniform thickness distribution. Microstructural analysis reveals that grain refinement and substantial occurrence of twinning in the double-pulse forming process are the primary factors contributing to enhanced plasticity. The study also conducts a failure analysis of formed parts at room temperature, revealing the presence of numerous river patterns and cleavage planes, indicative of brittle fracture. Conversely, warm forming avoids fracture failure.

Photoelectrocatalytic technology is one of the most promising methods to solve the problems of environmental pollution and energy shortage.Based on the photoelectrochemical properties of semiconductor minerals or the natural physical characteristics of non-semiconductor minerals, the photoelectrocatalytic mineral materials were constructed by compositing mineral with photoelectrocatalytic functional body, with the characteristics of low cost, good environmental compatibility and excellent property, which have received wide attention in the new field of mineral utilization. On the basis of limiting whether the research of photoelectrocatalytic mineral materials belong to the scope of mineral application, the mineral components and characteristics of the photoelectrocatalytic mineral materials were introduced, their classification, preparation methods, as well as the enhanced mechanism of catalytic activity by minerals were discussed. Finally, the research status of photoelectrocatalytic mineral materials used in the treatment of wastewater, hydrogen evolution by photoelectrocatalysis water splitting, CO2 energy utilization were summarized. It is pointed out that attention should be paid to the intrinsic photoelectric properties of minerals, the establishment of the relationship between material composite structures and efficiency, and the clarification of the mechanism by which material mineralogical properties affect photocatalysis. The application research of photocatalysis mineral materials in new energy, chemical synthesis, and mineral/microbial interactions should be expanded.

AIM: To investigate the effect of inhibiting Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase Ⅱ(CAMKⅡ)expression in adult retinal pigment epithelial cell line-19(ARPE-19)cells on the migration, invasion, and tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs)in a non-contact co-culture system.METHODS: RNA sequencing was performed on ARPE-19 cells overexpressing CAMKⅡ-δ, and bioinformatics was used to analyze the biological functions of the differentially expressed genes. Transwell inserts was used to construct a non-contact co-culture system of ARPE-19 and HUVECs. The experimental groups included: blank group: only HUVECs were inoculated without ARPE-19 cells; control group: ARPE-19 and HUVECs cells were co-cultured with complete medium; AIP group(CAMKⅡ inhibition group): ARPE-19 cells in AIP(160 nmol/L)were co-cultured with HUVECs in complete medium. The migration, invasion and tube formation abilities of HUVECs were detected. The protein expression levels of CAMKⅡ/AMPK/mTOR/VEGFA were detected by Western blotting.RESULTS:Bioinformatics analysis found that the differentially expressed genes could affect biological processes such as cell growth and death and cell movement. The scratch test and transwell migration test showed that the relative mobility of HUVECs in the AIP group was significantly lower than that in the control group(all P0.05). Western blotting results showed that the expression levels of CAMKⅡ, P-mTOR, and VEGFA proteins in the AIP group were significantly lower than those in the control group, while the expression level of the P-AMPK protein was significantly higher than that in the control group(all P

ObjectiveTo explore the influence of excessive weight gain during pregnancy in pre-pregnancy overweight and obese women on pregnancy outcomes and neonatal conditions， and to provide scientific evidence for formulating weight management strategies before and during pregnancy and prevent adverse pregnancy outcomes.MethodsClinical data of 2 172 parturients collected from a community in Huangpu District from 2017 to 2021 were retrospectively analyzed， and they were divided into pre-pregnancy overweight and obesity group （n=530）， normal pre-pregnancy weight group（n=937）， and underweight pre-pregnancy group（n=705） according to maternal precursor body mass index （BMI）. Based on their weight gain during pregnancy，the parturient were divided into moderate gestational weight gain （MGWG） group and excessive gestational weight gain （EGWG） group. Meanwhile， the pregnancy and neonatal outcomes such as postpartum hemorrhage， puerperal infection， placental abruption， premature rupture of membranes， mode of delivery， premature birth， stillbirth， fetal distress， admission to the intensive care unit （ICU）， macrosomia， and Apgar score， were recorded. Then the differences in pregnancy and neonatal outcomes between groups were compared. The effects of pre-pregnancy BMI and gestational weight gain on pregnancy outcomes and neonatal conditions was retrospectively analyzed.ResultsThe pre-pregnancy overweight and obese group had higher proportions of placental abruption， premature rupture of membranes， cesarean section， premature birth， fetal distress， and macrosomia compared to the normal pre-pregnancy weight group and the underweight pre-pregnancy group， with Apgar scores lower than the normal pre-pregnancy weight group and the underweight pre-pregnancy group （all P

Objective To investigate the effects of electrochemically dealloying of Ti6Al4V abutments on human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) and to provide experimental evidence for surface modification of implant abutments. Methods The samples were divided into an NC group (negative control, no other treatment on a smooth surface), an NM-1 group (nanomesh-1, electrochemical dealloying treatment in 1 mol/L NaOH 1 h on 2 V voltage), and an NM-2 group (nanomesh-2, electrochemical dealloying treatment in 5 mol/L NaOH 1 h on 2 V voltage). The surface morphologies of the samples and the adhesion of HGFs on the sample surfaces were observed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The surface hydrophilicities of the samples were measured with a contact angle measuring instrument. The proliferation of HGFs on the different samples were evaluated with CCK-8, and the expression of adhesion-related genes, including collagen Ⅰ (COL1A1), collagen Ⅲ (COL3A1), fibronectin 1 (FN1), focal adhesion kinase (FAK), vinculin (VCL), integrin α2 (ITGA2), and integrin β1 (ITGB1), on the different samples was measured with qRT-PCR. The expression of vinculin on the surfaces of HGFs was observed via confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) after immunofluorescent staining. Collagen fiber secretion and syntheses of HGFs from different samples were evaluated via Sirius red staining. Results SEM revealed the formation of ordered and uniform three-dimensional mesh structures on the surfaces of the NM-1 and NM-2 groups, with grid diameters of approximately 30 nm for the NM-1 group and approximately 150 nm for the NM-2 group. Compared with that of the NC group, the water contact angles of the NM-1 group and NM-2 groups were significantly lower (P

[Objective] This study is aimed at comprehensively evaluating the soil quality of different vegetation restoration types in the mountainous areas of Beijing, and further identifying the key factors affecting soil quality, so as to provide data support for vegetation restoration and reconstruction in the region. [Methods] The study utilized various vegetation types, including Platycladus orientalis pure forest, Pinus tabulaeformis pure forest, P. orientalis-P. tabulaeformis mixed forest, P. orientalis coniferous and broadleaved mixed forest, P. tabulaeformis coniferous and broadleaved mixed forest, deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest, and non-forest land (CK), with similar stand conditions, as research objects. Fourteen soil physical and chemical indicators were measured to establish the total data set (TDS) for evaluating soil quality. Principal component analysis (PCA) and Pearson correlation analysis were employed to determine the minimum data set (MDS) for soil quality evaluation. Two scoring methods, linear (L) and non-linear (NL), were used to calculate the soil quality index (SQI) and a general linear model (GLM) was employed to identify key factors influencing soil quality. [Results] The bulk density and sand content decreased, while the content of soil nutrients such as organic matter, total nitrogen, total potassium, available nitrogen, and available potassium increased after the vegetation restoration compared with the non-forest land. The screened MDS indicators for soil quality evaluation in the study area were total nitrogen (TN), sand content, total potassium (TK), pH, and available water capacity (AWC). Under the four methods (SQI-LT, SQI-NLT, SQI-LM, and SQI-NLM), the SQI values of different vegetation restoration types were ranked as deciduous broadleaf mixed forest > P. orientalis coniferous and broadleaved mixed forest > P. tabulaeformis pure forest > P. tabulaeformis coniferous and broadleaved mixed forest > P. orientalis-P. tabulaeformis mixed forest > P. orientalis pure forest > non-forest land, and the soil quality significantly improved after vegetation restoration. The soil quality evaluation method of SQI-NLM exhibited better applicability in the mountainous areas of Beijing. Compared with non-forested land, the SQI-NLM of other vegetation restoration types improved by 64%, 48%, 45%, 36%, 33% and 27%, respectively. The GLM model accounted for 85.24% of the total variation in the soil quality index, with vegetation type explaining the largest proportion of the soil quality index (45.09%). [Conclusion] The selection of suitable vegetation restoration types is crucial for improving regional soil quality. In future vegetation restoration efforts, priority should be given to broad-leaved species in tree species selection. Additionally, the choice of silvicultural configuration should depend on the tree species, such as introducing native broad-leaved species into Platycladus orientalis pure forest to form a Platycladus orientalis coniferous and broadleaved mixed forest, or selecting Pinus tabulaeformis pure forest as the optimal silvicultural model.

BackgroundAccurately quantifying the uranium in uranium yellow cake material is the key to selecting the subsequent processing technology. As an essential nondestructive testing method for uranium-containing materials, the active multiplicity method is proposed to quantify uranium by recording and analyzing 238U fission information induced by neutron sources. However, the quantitative results are biased owing to the neutron self-shielding of the uranium yellow cake material itself and differences in water content between samples.PurposeThis study aims to rapidly measure the uranium content of uranium yellow cake material using active multiplicity method and further improve of measurement accuracy.MethodsFirst of all, following the comparison of the excitation effects of different neutron sources on a sample using the MCNP (Monte Carlo N-Particle Transport) program, a 241Am-Be source was selected to simulate the sample measurement process and optimized using MATLAB programming combined with MCNP. Then, the curve of multiplication factor M versus the uranium mass was obtained by simulation, and an appropriate M was selected according to the net content of the sample. Finally, the quantitative error caused by the difference between neutron absorption and water content in the process was investigated, and the double rate was corrected using the relationship between S0/Si and D0/Di and then calculated.ResultsThe simulation results of a series of samples with different masses and water contents show that a large gap is found between M and the leakage multiplication factor ML caused by neutron self-shielding. The error in uranium quantification is less than 5%; neutron self-shielding due to the change in water content affects the single, double, and triple counting rates (S/D/T). The relative error of uranium quantification can be controlled at around 10%.ConclusionsThis study has significance and important reference value for further research on the application of the active multiplicity method in the production and measurement of uranium yellow cake.

The goaf roadways have problems of high surrounding rock stress and large deformation under the conditions of hard roof and wide coal pillars in thick coal seams. In order to solve the above problems, this paper takes the 16403 fully mechanized mining face of Laoshidan Coal Mine as the engineering research background. The paper theoretically analyzes the influencing factors of large deformation of goaf roadways from the perspective of lateral fracture structure of wide coal pillar roof. The numerical simulation method is used to study the implementation of different roof cutting and pressure relief schemes for 16402 transportation roadway. The stress transmission law of the lateral roof of the 16403 return airway near the goaf during mining is studied. The hydraulic fracturing drilling is carried out on site for roof cutting and pressure relief to achieve deformation control of the surrounding rock of the goaf roadway. The research results indicate that the fracture structure of 'cantilever beam in low hard rock layer+masonry beam in high hard rock layer' is the main reason for the large deformation of the wide coal pillar in the goaf roadway of the extra thick coal seam. The roof cutting and pressure relief technology can be used to destroy the lateral fracture structure of the wide coal pillar roof to control the large deformation of the surrounding rock in the goaf roadway. The change in roof cutting angle can cause a change in the length of key block B. The larger the roof cutting angle, the smaller the length of key block B. The degree of load transfer from the lateral roof of the goaf side to the coal pillar is weaker, and the mining stress borne by the surrounding rock of the goaf roadway is smaller. When the roof cutting angle is 100°, the vertical stress and deformation of the surrounding rock of the goaf roadway are the smallest. After hydraulic fracturing drilling is carried out at a roof cutting angle of 100° in the 16402 transportation roadway, the deformation of the roof and floor of the 16403 return air roadway is reduced by 86.5% compared to the 16402 return air roadway without roof cutting pressure relief. The deformation of the two sides is reduced by 87.1%. The stability of the surrounding rock of the goaf roadway is greatly improved.

Diffractive deep neural networks (D 2 NNs) have brought significant changes in many fields, motivating the development of diverse optical computing components. However, a crucial downside in the optical computing components is employing diffractive optical elements (DOEs) which were fabricated using commercial 3D printers. DOEs simultaneously suffer from the challenges posed by high-order diffraction and low spatial utilization since the size of individual neuron is comparable to the wavelength scale. Here, we present a design of D 2 NNs based on all-dielectric metasurfaces which substantially reduces the individual neuron size of net to scale significantly smaller than the wavelength. Metasurface-based optical computational elements can offer higher spatial neuron density while completely eliminate high-order diffraction. We numerically simulated an optical half-adder and experimentally verified it in the terahertz frequency. The optical half-adder employed a compact network with only two diffraction layers. Each layer has a size of 2 × 2 cm2 but integrated staggering 40,000 neurons. The metasurface-based D 2 NNs can further facilitate miniaturization and integration of all optical computing devices and will find applications in numerous fields such as terahertz 6G communication, photonics integrated circuits, and intelligent sensors.

Tuberous sclerosis complex(TSC)is a rare genetic disease that can lead to benign dysplasia in multiple organs such as the skin, brain, eyes, oral cavity, heart, lungs, kidneys, liver, and bones. Its main symptoms include epilepsy, intellectual disabilities, skin depigmentation, and facial angiofibromas, whilst incidence is approximately 1 in 10 000 to 1 in 6000 newborns. This case presents a middle-aged woman who initially manifested with epilepsy and nodular depigmentation. Later, she developed a lower abdominal mass, elevated creatinine, and severe anemia. Based on clinical features and whole exome sequencing, the primary diagnosis was confirmed as TSC. Laboratory and imaging examinations revealed that the lower abdominal mass originated from the uterus. CT-guided biopsy pathology and surgical pathology suggested a combination of leiomyoma and abscess. With the involvement of multiple organs and various complications beyond the main diagnosis, the diagnostic and therapeutic process for this patient highlights the importance of rigorous clinical thinking and multidisciplinary collaboration in the diagnosis and treatment of rare and challenging diseases.

The digestibility of myofibrillar proteins (MP) extracted from yak meat cooked to different internal temperatures of (40, 50, 60, 70 and 80 ℃) was determined during in vitro gastrointestinal digestion, and total carbonyl content, total sulfhydryl content and Schiff base content before and after digestion were measured. Ultraviolet (UV) absorption spectroscopy, endogenous fluorescence spectroscopy and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) were used to investigate the oxidation and digestion patterns of yak meat proteins during gastrointestinal digestion. The results showed that total protease hydrolysis of MP from yak meat cooked to 60 ℃ was the highest after simulated gastric and intestinal digestion (88.64%). The rates of pepsin hydrolysis and total protease hydrolysis of MP from yak meat cooked to 80 ℃ decreased by 34.10% and 22.47%, respectively, and the rate of trypsin hydrolysis increased by 75.34% compared with MP from raw yak meat. The total carbonyl content after simulated gastric and intestinal digestion increased by 81.42% and 77.40%, respectively, and the total sulfhydryl content decreased by 30.02% and 36.43%, respectively, compared with raw MP. With an increase in cooking temperature, the Schiff base content gradually increased, the UV absorbance was significantly enhanced, and the endogenous fluorescence intensity was significantly reduced. The SDS-PAGE patterns showed that the protein bands were severely degraded and even disappeared after digestion. It was found that the digestibility of MP from yak meat cooked to 60 ℃ was the highest. The degree of protein oxidation in yak meat cooked to 80 ℃ was the strongest and increased during gastrointestinal digestion.

Background: Cerebral haemorrhage is a critical condition that often requires surgical treatment, and postoperative intracranial infection can significantly impact patient outcomes. The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between the levels of lactic acid and glucose in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with cerebral haemorrhage and their postoperative intracranial infection and clinical prognosis. Methods: The study selected the clinical data of 324 patients with cerebral haemorrhage who underwent surgical treatment in our hospital from March 2020 to March 2022 for retrospective analysis and divided these patients into the intracranial infection group (Group A, n=22, leukocyte values in CSF>5×106/L) and the non-intracranial infection group (Group B, n=302, leukocyte values in CSF 5×106/L) according to the occurrence of postoperative intracranial infection in patients to detect the levels of lactic acid and glucose in CSF at different times in the two groups. Pearson method was adopted to analyze the correlation of the levels of lactic acid and glucose in CSF of patients with intracranial infection, and the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) was used to assess the clinical prognosis of patients. According to their scores, these patients were divided into the good prognosis group (GPG, scores of 4-5 points, n=178) and the poor prognosis group (PPG, scores of 1-3 points, n=146). The levels of lactic acid and glucose in the CSF of patients in the two groups were measured, and the Pearson method was adopted to analyze the relationship between these levels and clinical prognosis. Results: Compared with Group B, Group A had markedly higher lactic acid levels in CSF of patients at T1, T2 and T3 (P

Electrochemical interfaces are the core of various important fields, such as energy conversion and storage, biochemistry, sensors, and corrosion. The investigations of the structure-performance relationship of electrochemical solid-liquid interfaces have become a hot topic yet extremely challenging due to the fact that the interfaces are ultrathin, highly dynamic and extremely complex. Mass spectrometric techniques coupled with electrochemistry are powerful and have been widely applied in investigations of mechanisms of electrochemical reactions. However, traditional mass spectrometry (MS) is difficult to characterize the electrode-electrolyte interfaces in an in situ manner due to inherent limitations existing in their ionization processes. In recent years, the state-of-the-art in situ liquid time-of-flight secondary ion MS (ToF-SIMS) based on high-vacuum compatible microfluidic devices has been developed to tackle with this challenge. This review mainly reviewed the principle, characteristics and rapid development of in situ liquid ToF-SIMS in real-time and in situ investigations of electrochemical solid-liquid interfaces during the past decade. In situ liquid ToF-SIMS possesses shallow information depth (nm), high temporal resolution (μs) and high detection sensitivity (10-6-10-9). Besides, it ionizes the electrochemical interfaces in a truly in situ manner and provides direct molecular evidences of chemical evolution of both electrode/electrocatalyst surfaces and reactants/intermediates/products in electrolytes at the interfaces simultaneously. Being attributed to its uniqueness, in situ liquid ToF-SIMS has become a powerful and versatile molecular "eye" in in situ and real-time tracking dynamic electrochemical solid-liquid interfaces, such as capturing electrochemical reaction intermediates, identification of electrocatalytic active sites, probing fine structures of electrochemical double layers, and unraveling the formation chemistry of solid-electrolyte interphases in batteries. Further innovations of microfluidic electrochemical devices and ToF-SIMS instruments are desired to promote the enhanced performance and wider applications of in situ liquid ToF-SIMS in the electrochemical field, and in situ liquid ToF-SIMS will make significant contributions to the understanding of the structure-performance relationship of interfaces in complex electrochemical assays and guide the engineering of better electrochemical interfaces in important fields, such as electrocatalysis and batteries.

In extreme scenarios， load aggregators may control the market to rake in excess profits. To address this， this paper proposes a market power assessment method for load aggregators considering multiple uncertainties under ice disasters. Firstly， the universal generating function （UGF） is used to describe uncertainties of faults on overhead lines and wind turbines under ice disasters. Secondly， by aggregating standard probabilistic functions of various uncertainties， the paper proposes a market power assessment operator to construct a market power assessment model for load aggregator nodes. Finally， based on the results of the clearance model， a spatiotemporal market power index system is constructed to identify key load aggregators with high market power levels and the corresponding critical periods. Case study results demonstrate that this method effectively quantifies the market power levels of load aggregators under ice disasters， and that load aggregators in regions with higher loads are more likely to exercise market power during severe icing periods.

AIM: To compare the short-term postoperative visual acuity, visual disturbance phenomena, and spectacle independence rate in patients who underwent monocular implantation with trifocal, multifocal, or extended range of vision intraocular lens(IOL).METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 67 cataract patients(67 eyes)who underwent phacoemulsification cataract extraction combined with IOL implantation from March 2019 to December 2022. A total of 35 cases(35 eyes)received Symfony extended range of vision IOL implantation, 21 cases(21 eyes)received AcrySof IQ ReSTOR +3D multifocal IOL, and 11 cases(11 eyes)received AcrySof IQ PanOptix trifocal IOL. The preoperative uncorrected distance visual acuity(UDVA), uncorrected intermediate visual acuity(UIVA), and uncorrected near visual acuity(UNVA)and 3 mo postoperatively were documented. Moreover, defocus curves, visual disturbance phenomena, and spectacle independence rates were recorded at 3 mo postoperatively.RESULTS: At 3 mo postoperatively, no statistically significant differences were observed in UDVA among the three groups(P>0.05). A comparison of UIVA showed superior results in the Symfony and PanOptix groups compared to the ReSTOR group(all P0.05). The PanOptix and ReSTOR groups exhibited a higher spectacle independence rate compared to the Symfony group(P

The influences of adding Al2.5Cu0.5Ti master alloy (0.3%, 0.5%, 0.7%, 0.9% and 1.3%, mass fraction, the same below) prepared by vacuum arc melting furnace with a water-cooled copper mold on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-7Si alloy were investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron probe micro-analysis (EPMA), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and tensile testing machine. The results show that the primary α-Al and eutectic Si structure of Al-7Si alloy with Al2.5Cu0.5Ti master alloy addition are significantly refined.Compared with the unadded Al2.5Cu0.5Ti master alloy, when the addition concentration of Al2.5Cu0.5Ti master alloy is up to 0.9%, the primary α-Al is refined from coarse dendrites to fine equiaxed dendrites and the size reduces from 218 μm to 80 μm, the second dendrite arm spacing (SDAS) significantly decreases from 25 μm to 9.3 μm.The morphology of eutectic Si is transformed from coarse needle/flake to short flake and rod. The length of eutectic Si structure reduces from 34.8 μm to 11.6 μm, and the width decreases from 4 μm to 1.7 μm. The tensile test indicates that when the addition content of Al2.5Cu0.5Ti master alloy is up to 0.9%, the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) is increased by 13.6% from 162 MPa to 184 MPa, and the elongation (El) is enhanced by 210% from 3% to 9.3%. The fracture mode of the alloy changes from ductile-brittle mixed fracture to ductile fracture mode.However, when the addition content of Al2.5Cu0.5Ti alloy increases to 1.3%, excessive modification occurs, resulting in coarsening of the microstructure and decrease in mechanical properties.

Objective To explore the effect of self-made cooling Chinese medicine spray on relieving thirst in postoperative patients with esophageal cancer. Methods A total of 212 patients undergoing elective surgery for esophageal cancer were selected as the study subjects. According to the principle of comparability of basic characteristics between groups, they were divided into control group and observation group, with 106 patients in each group. In the control group, the cotton swabs moistened with water were used to moisturize the mouth and lips of patients. In the observation group, the 5 mL transparent spray bottle containing self-made cooling Chinese medicine solution was used for relieving thirst in the observation group. The degree of thirst, thirst-induced discomfort, oral mucosa moistness and the number of additional intervention were compared between the two groups 1h, 2h, 4h and 6h after tracheal intubation removal. Results At each time point, the degree of thirst, thirst-induced discomfort and oral mucosa moistness score in the two groups decreased gradually with time(P＜0. 01), and it was lower in the observation group than in the control group(P＜0. 01). There is an interaction between groups and time(P＜0. 01). The number of additional interventions per patient in the observation group was lower than that in the control group within 6h after extubation, and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0. 01). Conclusion Self-made cooling Chinese medicine spray can effectively relieve the thirst of postoperative patients with esophageal cancer, improve the comfort and save nursing time. (目的 探讨自制中药清凉喷雾剂缓解食管癌术后患者口渴症状的效果。方法 便利抽取2021年1月—2022年12月确诊并行择期手术治疗的食管癌患者212例为研究对象, 按照组间基本特征具有可比性的原则分为对照组和观察组, 各106例。对照组采用棉签蘸水湿润口唇, 观察组采用盛有自制中药清凉喷雾剂的5 mL透明喷雾瓶喷洒解渴。比较两组患者拔除气管插管后1 h、2 h、4 h、6 h的口渴程度、口渴不适感、口腔黏膜湿润程度及6 h内额外干预次数。结果 两组在各时间点的口渴程度、口渴不适感、口腔黏膜评分均随时间呈逐渐降低的趋势(P时间＜0. 01), 且观察组均低于对照组(P组间＜0. 01), 组别与时间存在交互作用(P交互＜0. 01)。拔管后6 h内观察组每例患者额外干预次数低于对照组, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 01)。结论 自制中药清凉喷雾剂可有效缓解食管癌术后患者的口渴程度, 提升患者舒适度, 节省护理时间。)

C20H16FNO5, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 9.5235(2) Å, b = 22.1323(2) Å, c = 8.95249(19) Å, β = 101.445(3)°, V = 1779.66(7) Å3, Z = 4, R gt(F) = 0.0410, wR ref(F 2) = 0.1194, T = 279.5 K.

Objective: The difference in bioactive substance content and bioactivity in black beans were compared. Methods: The contents of total phenolic acids, total flavonoids, condensed tannins, total anthocyanins, total polysaccharides and total proteins of nine kinds of black beans were determined. The antioxidant activities of black bean extracts in vitro and their inhibitory effects on α-amylase, pancreatic lipase, acetylcholinesterase and tyrosinase were compared. Results: The contents of total phenolic acid, total flavonoids, condensed tannins and total anthocyanins were as follows: equine bean > small black bean > black bean; Total polysaccharide content: small black bean > black bean > horse bean; Total protein content: horse bean > black bean > small black bean. Antioxidant activity: horse bean > small black bean > black bean. In vitro experiments showed that little black bean and black bean had inhibitory effects on many enzymes, and the intensity was different. Conclusion: The contents and functions of bioactive substances in different varieties of black beans are different. Black beans are more suitable for eating, and horse bean and small black beans have higher medicinal value.

This article summarizes the integrated Traditional Chinese and Western medicine nursing of a patient with pneumonia caused by Chlamydia psittaci. A comprehensive nursing risk assessment was carried out, followed by the dietary nursing, body temperature monitoring, emotional care and other basic nursing interventions. Based on the concept of Traditional Chinese Medicine syndrome differentiation, Traditional Chinese Medicine nursing techniques such as auricular acupoint pressing and acupoint application therapy were carried out to control the infection, improve the immunity of the patient and accelerate the rehabilitation. (本文总结1例鹦鹉热衣原体肺炎患者的中西医结合护理经验。基于护理评估和中医辨证施护, 在饮食护理、体温护理、情志护理等常规干预基础上, 给予耳穴压丸调理脏腑、穴位贴敷止咳中医护理适宜技术, 有效控制肺部感染, 提高患者免疫力, 促进患者康复。)

To evaluate the influence of grinded particle size on the determination of aflatoxin B1(AFB1), improve the sample preparation method and the repeatability of the current national standard detection method for the determination of AFB1 of corn raw grain samples, this study uses natural AFB1-positive corn as experimental material, and four grades of samples with different particle size ranges were obtained by means of graded preparation, so as to maximize the differences of particle size distribution of samples at all levels. The influence of sample preparation on AFB1 determination values was evaluated by AFB1 determination values and coefficient of variation in samples of all levels, and the optimal sample preparation requirements and sample size were obtained and verified. The AFB1 content of different particle size samples was inversely proportional to that of the sample after grinding. When the sample weight is 5 g, it should be crushed until all through the 0.6 mm sieve. When the sample weight is 10 g, it should be crushed until all through the 0.9 mm sieve, so that the test results meet the requirements of GB/T 32465—2015《Requirements for verification & validation of detection methods and internal quality control on chemical analysis》. The results give consideration to the determination accuracy and operation efficiency of AFB1, which can be applied to the detection of other mycotoxins and has important significance for improving the detection methods of mycotoxins in foodstuff.

The Cu–15Ni–8Sn alloy ingot was prepared in the medium-frequency induction melting furnace. The hot extruded alloy was treated by solid solution at 840 °C for 60 min and aging at 400 °C for different times (0 miñ480 min). The effect of aging time on the evolution of the nanophase of Cu–15Ni–8Sn alloy and the strengthening-toughening mechanism were studied. The results show that at the beginning of aging, the alloy undergoes spinodal decomposition, the wavelength of the modulated structure is approximately 3∼7 nm, the ordered phase transformation of D022 and L12 occurs simultaneously, and the ordered phase size is approximately 5 nm. With the extension of aging time, the modulated structure became coarser, and the wavelength of the modulated structure increased to 5–9 nm. At the same time, the D022 ordered phase changed to the L12 ordered phase, and a continuous distribution of elliptical discontinuous precipitation appeared at the grain boundary. The ratio of the long and short axes of the discontinuous precipitation was approximately 4.7. In the late aging period, the D022 ordered phase was basically transformed into the L12 ordered phase, and discontinuous precipitation, which is incompatible with the matrix, extended into the crystal. After 120 min of aging at 400 °C, the hardness, strength, and elongation of the alloy are 105.4 HRB, 839.8 MPa and 9.6 %, respectively. The peak-aging states D022 and L12 coexist in an orderly phase at the nanoscale, and this nanoscale strengthening phase is completely integrated with the matrix, which improves the strength and toughness of the alloy. The research results can provide support for the development of high-performance copper alloys in the ocean.

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of graphene warm abduction orthosis on hip joint development in children with spastic cerebral palsy.MethodsA total of 28 children (56 hips) aged 2-10 years with spastic cerebral palsy were randomly divided into two groups by random number table method. There were 12 cases (24 hips) enrolled in the control group, 11 cases (22 hips) enrolled in the treatment group, and 5 cases (10 hips) withdrew from the study. Both groups received routine rehabilitation training. Additionally, the control group underwent adductor abduction traction training, and the treatment group wore graphene warm abduction orthosis. During the training, the adductor angle was at least >30°, the training time was 1-2 hours per day, and the treatment continued for 2 months. The migration percentage (MP), acetabular index (AI), neck shaft angle (NSA), gross motor function measure (GMFM) and modified Tardieu scale (MTS) were measured before and after treatment, and the differences were calculated.ResultsCompared with before treatment (47.67±3.56), the GMFM (49.9±13.08) after treatment in the control group significantly improved (PP>0.05), and NAS (152.20±8.72)° was progressing (154.27±1.03)° (PPP>0.05). The d-MP [3.75 (0.09,10.61)] %, d-NAS (2.28±9.54)° and d-GMFM (-3.80±1.97) of the treatment group were compared with those of the control group [0.00 (-3.70,2.80)] %,(-7.90±8.63)°, (-2.14±1.60), the differences were statistically significant (PP>0.05).ConclusionThe graphene warm abduction orthosis can effectively improve hip dislocation or subluxation in children with spastic cerebral palsy, delay its progression, and improve the gross motor function.

【Objective】 A prerequisite for managing a catchment is to comprehensively understand the changes in its water quality. Using different methods, this paper comparatively analyzes the spatiotemporal variation in water quality of the Yangtze River, including its main streams and tributaries. 【Method】 The study is based on water quality data collected from 2008 to 2018 from 16 monitoring sections within the basin. Various methods, including the comprehensive water quality index (WQI), water pollution index (WPI), and comprehensive water quality identification index (Iwq), were used to assess water quality. Additionally, statistical methods including the Mann-Kendall trend test, cluster analysis, and discriminant analysis were utilized to analyze the spatiotemporal variation in water quality. 【Result】 In flooding and non-flooding seasons, the section proximal to the Leshan Minjiang Bridge had minimum dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration, which is 2.86 mg/L and 3.16 mg/L, respectively. Conversely, the Nanchang Chucha section had maximum concentration of chemical oxygen demand (CODMn) and ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), which was 10.00 mg/L and 6.45 mg/L, and 2.23 mg/L and 4.48 mg/L, respectively. In the non-flooding season, 31.82% of water in the Nanchang Chucha section achieved Class IV grade or higher (evaluated by WPI), whereas this figure reduced to 19.70% (evaluated by WQI) for the Leshan Minjiang Bridge section. The Iwq method yielded the highest water quality, followed by WQI and WPI. All three methods indicated that water quality had improved in the Leshan Minjiang Bridge, Changsha Xingang, and Nanchang Chucha sections. Water quality varied spatially, with poor quality observed in the Leshan Minjiang Bridge, Changsha Xinkang, and Nanchang Chucha sections, and slightly poor quality was found in the Minjiang, Xiangjiang, and Ganjiang sections. 【Conclusion】 The evaluation of water quality using different methods within the Yangtze River basin yielded varied results, with the WQI method working best.

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to establish a scientific and reasonable estimation and allocation model for food safety evaluation.MethodsA statistical method was used to estimate the total number of samples for evaluative sampling， a sample size allocation index system was established based on an analysis of the literature， the Delphi method was used to screen multiple factors， and a combination weight was assigned to each index based on the analytic hierarchy process and CRITIC method.ResultsBased on the estimated failure rate of food safety evaluation sampling in Province X， the total number of food safety evaluation samples in Province X was determined to be 7 800. The evaluation sampling size allocation index system covered two aspects of food varieties and testing areas and included the following eight indicators： sampling failure rate， dietary structure， the number of food safety incidents， attention， food consumption， consumption expenditure， and resident population. The allocation of samples for each food category in each prefecture-level city in the evaluative sampling test in Province X was obtained based on the weights of the calculated indicator combinations.ConclusionThe sample size allocation model can be used to allocate the sample size in a more objective and reasonable manner according to the food safety situation in each region and can be used as a reference for food safety evaluation sampling.

Myocardial infarction (MI) results in high mortality. The size of fibrotic scar tissue following MI is an independent predictor of MI outcomes. Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) is involved in various fibrotic diseases. Its role in post-MI cardiac fibrosis, however, remains poorly understood. In the present study, we investigate the biological role of TXNIP in post-MI cardiac fibrosis and the underlying mechanism using mouse MI models of the wild-type (WT), Txnip-knockout (Txnip-KO) type and Txnip-knock-in (Txnip-KI) type. After MI, the animals present with significantly upregulated TXNIP levels, and their fibrotic areas are remarkably expanded with noticeably impaired cardiac function. These changes are further aggravated under Txnip-KI conditions but are ameliorated in Txnip-KO animals. MI also leads to increased protein levels of the fibrosis indices Collagen I, Collagen III, actin alpha 2 (ACTA2), and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF). The Txnip-KI group exhibits the highest levels of these proteins, while the lowest levels are observed in the Txnip-KO mice. Furthermore, Txnip-KI significantly upregulates the levels of transforming growth factor (TGF)B1, p-Smad3, NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3), Cleaved Caspase-1, and interleukin (IL)1B after MI, but these effects are markedly offset by Txnip-KO. In addition, after MI, the Smad7 level significantly decreases, particularly in the Txnip-KI mice. TXNIP may aggravate the progression of post-MI fibrosis and cardiac dysfunction by activating the NLRP3 inflammasome, followed by IL1B generation and then the enhancement of the TGFB1/Smad3 pathway. As such, TXNIP might serve as a novel potential therapeutic target for the treatment of post-MI cardiac fibrosis.

Abstract Background Falls are the third-leading cause of disability among the elderly population worldwide. It is multifactorial, and the occurrence of falls depends on different factors, which can be different from context to context, and individual to individual. Therefore, regular assessment of fall risk factors is required to develop a strategy for fall prevention. The study aimed to identify fall-related risk factors in Pakistani healthy older adults at risk of developing physical disabilities. It also aimed to create a risk-predictive model for fall occurrence, offering evidence for preventive strategies. Methods Data were collected from 140 Muslim older adults from two residential areas of Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, from July 2022 to August 25, 2022, after obtaining permission from the Zhengzhou University Ethical Review Board (ZZUIRB #202,254), and the District Health Department Office (DHO #14,207). Participants were informed, and consent was obtained before data collection. Data were collected using the Time Up and Go Test (TUGT) checklist, the Cognitive Screening Scores (CS-10) checklist, interviews regarding the prayer practice, fall history in the last six months, visual equity questions, and demographic variables. Results Factors associated with falls were; age, gender, education, cognitive status, poor walking speed, lack of physical activity, poor vision, and history of falls in the last six months, with a significant P value of (P.

ObjectiveThe market regulation administration completes the supervision of food production license enterprises through the system inspection of food production enterprise.MethodsThis article analyzes the internal problems of modern dairy product production enterprises through the system inspection of 26 dairy product production enterprises in Guangdong Province and finds the causes through the trend of problem risk discovery.ResultsThrough problem rectification，strengthen the implementation of corporate responsibility and strengthen quality and safety management by regulatory administration.ConclusionThe system inspection of food production enterprises is an effective measure to strengthen process monitoring，problem discovery and risk control.

Zebrafish was chosen as a model organism to explore the neurotoxic effects of combined exposure to three microplastics (PP, PE, PVC) and triclosan (TCS). The results showed that microplastics (MPs) could be used as the carriers of TCS in vivo, and the combined toxicity of MPs and TCS was mainly synergistic. Compared with TCS, SOD in TCS+PP, TCS+PE and TCS+PVC groups decreased by 10.3%, 12.4% and 7.9%, and AchE activity decreased by 10.8%, 1.5% and 6.1%, respectively. The 5-HT content was increased by 83.2%, 37.7% and 59.3% (p