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This research meticulously explores the spatial variances in the allocation of public service facilities within Wenzhou’s central urban area, deploying a lens of “living circles” and utilizing a 15-min walkable distance as a pivotal metric. Employing a suite of analytical methods, including kernel density estimation, nearest neighbor index, Ripley’s K, and Z-score analysis, and leveraging Amap data, the study unveils pronounced disparities in both the quantity and distribution of public service facilities. Notably, a conspicuous concentration of facilities, particularly in transportation and commercial sectors, is observed in the early-developed core region, while surrounding areas manifest a palpable deficiency in both quantity and category, impacting residents’ quality of life and accessibility. The research further delineates a “single-center” structural pattern in the spatial distribution of public service facilities, albeit with distinct patterns for different facility types. Furthermore, a comprehensive evaluation at the street level, considering factors such as comprehensive accessibility scores, variation coefficients, and population density, reveals substantial disparities and internal variations in facility accessibility among different streets. The findings underscore a critical need for strategic optimization in the allocation of public service facilities, with recommendations including supplementing facilities based on extant needs, addressing internal disparities among streets, and prioritizing facility development in streets characterized by diverse attributes and population densities. This study not only augments our understanding of spatial disparities in public service facility distribution but also provides actionable insights for enhancing strategic allocation and planning in Wenzhou’s central urban area, thereby contributing to the burgeoning body of knowledge in urban planning and public service facility allocation within the context of living circles.

The SiC/AlSi10Mg composites were fabricated via selective laser melting（SLM）. The phase characteristics， microstructure， anti-corrosion and wear resistance properties of SLM SiC/AlSi10Mg and SLM AlSi10Mg samples were investigated by XRD， SEM， EDS， EBSD， electrochemical test， and friction and wear test. The results show that in the 3.5% （mass fraction） NaCl solution， the corrosion current density of SLM SiC/AlSi10Mg （2.0827 μA/cm2） is lower than that of SLM AlSi10Mg （3.389 μA/cm2）， and the passivation film on the surface of SLM SiC/AlSi10Mg （7.1 nm） is thicker than that of SLM AlSi10Mg （1.9 nm）， indicating the SLM SiC/AlSi10Mg sample has better corrosion resistance than that of SLM AlSi10Mg. The reason can be attributed to that the addition of SiC causes the grain refinement， the increase of high grain boundary， and the interruption of the continuity of Al matrix， leading to the decrease of corrosion rate and the increase of corrosion resistance. In addition， the average microhardness for SLM SiC/AlSi10Mg composites （207.68±16.02）HV0.2 is twice that of SLM AlSi10Mg alloy （103.58±7.41）HV0.2， indicating its hardness and wear resistance are improved. Both the wear mechanisms of SLM AlSi10Mg and SiC/AlSi10Mg composites are mainly abrasive wear and oxidation wear.

Abstract Aiming at the problems of insufficient ability of artificial COA in the late optimization search period, loss of population diversity, easy to fall into local extreme value, resulting in slow convergence and lack of exploration ability; In this paper, an improved COA algorithm based on chaotic sequence, nonlinear inertia weight, adaptive T-distribution variation strategy and alert updating strategy is proposed to enhance the performance of COA (shorted as TNTWCOA). The algorithm introduces chaotic sequence mechanism to initialize the position. The position distribution of the initial solution is more uniform, the high quality initial solution is generated, the population richness is increased, and the problem of poor quality and uneven initial solution of the Coati Optimization Algorithm is solved. In exploration phase, the nonlinear inertial weight factor is introduced to coordinate the local optimization ability and global search ability of the algorithm. In the exploitation phase, adaptive T-distribution variation is introduced to increase the diversity of individual population under low fitness value and improve the ability of the algorithm to jump out of the local optimal value. At the same time, the alert update mechanism is proposed to improve the alert ability of COA algorithm, so that it can search within the optional range. When Coati is aware of the danger, Coati on the edge of the population will quickly move to the safe area to obtain a better position, while Coati in the middle of the population will randomly move to get closer to other Coatis. IEEE CEC2017 with 29 classic test functions were used to evaluate the convergence speed, convergence accuracy and other indicators of TNTWCOA algorithm. Meanwhile, TNTWCOA was used to verify 4 engineering design optimization problems, such as pressure vessel optimization design and welding beam design. The results of IEEE CEC2017 and engineering design Optimization problems are compared with Improved Coati Optimization Algorithm (ICOA), Coati Optimization Algorithm (COA), Golden Jackal Optimization Algorithm (GJO), Osprey Optimization Algorithm (OOA), Sand Cat Swarm Optimization Algorithm (SCSO), Subtraction-Average-Based Optimizer (SABO). The experimental results show that the improved TNTWCOA algorithm significantly improves the convergence speed and optimization accuracy, and has good robustness. Three‑bar truss design problem, The Gear Train Design Problem, Speed reducer design problem shows a strong solution advantage. The superior optimization ability and engineering practicability of TNTWCOA algorithm are verified.

The continuous expansion of the knowledge graph has made entity summarization a research hotspot. The goal of entity summarization is to obtain a brief description of an entity from large-scale triple-structured facts that describe it. The research aims to propose a submodular optimization method for entity summarization based on a large language model. Firstly, based on the descriptive information of entities, relationships, and properties in the triples, a large language model is used to embed them to vectors, effectively capturing the semantic information of the triples and generating embedding vectors containing rich semantic information. Secondly, based on the embedding vectors generated by the large language model, a method is defined to characterize the relevance between any two triples that describe the same entity. The higher the relevance between any two triples, the more similar the information contained in these two triples. Finally, based on the defined method for characterizing triple relevance, a normalized and monotonically non-decreasing submodular function is defined, modeling entity summarization as a submodular function maximization problem. Therefore, greedy algorithms with performance guarantees can be directly applied to extracting entity summaries. Testing is conducted on three public benchmark datasets, and the quality of the extracted entity summaries is evaluated using two metrics, F1 score and NDCG (normalized discounted cumulative gain). Experimental results show that the proposed approach significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art method.

Considering that traditional network security defense methods cannot meet the strict requirements of industrial Internet for reliability and stability, a method for anomaly detection and response in digital space was studied based on the idea of digital twins by collecting on-site data and using twin model security cognition. Firstly, four types of modeling methods were summarized and integrated into the multi module digital twin (DT) architecture by analyzing the digital twin modeling solutions. Secondly, the cognition of different twin models was transformed into a standard signal temporal logic (STL) specification set by introducing signal temporal logic technology, and anomaly detection was achieved by monitoring system behavior based on the specification set, by the reliability of detection results was increased. Finally, anomaly localization was achieved through the analysis of violations of the STL specification set, and corresponding STL weak specifications were designed through the analysis of known device faults to achieve anomaly classification. Two aspects of response to anomalies were beneficial for helping the system restore normal operation. The case study demonstrates that the effectiveness of the proposed method in anomaly detection and response. Comparing the proposed method with the intrusion detection system based on deep learning, the experimental results show that the detection rate of the proposed method increases by 25%~40.9% in detecting anomalies.

Electrocoagulation was used to treat the high temperature super-heavy oil produced water. The effects of relevant factors were studied, including reaction time, current density and plate distance. The response surface methodology was used to optimize the process conditions. The mechanisms of purification in electrocoagulation and factors affecting electrode passivation were also studied. The results showed that the electrocoagulation could effectively remove oil, COD, and SiO2 from high temperature super-heavy oil produced water. Reaction time had a significant impact on the removal rate of COD and SiO2. When the reaction time was 27.2 min, the current density was 8.6 mA/cm2, and the electrode distance was 1.8 cm, the removal rates of COD and SiO2 were 80.95% and 100% respectively. Electrocoagulation played an important role in the removal of organic matter, which was the multinuclear hydroxy aluminum complex colloid generated by the combination of aluminum ions and OH-. The increase of Cl- in the produced water slightly weakened the passivation of aluminum plates. The increase of SO42- and HCO3- increased the passivation of aluminum plates. When the produced water was neutral, the passivation of aluminum plate was the highest.

Anti-mitochondrial antibody (AMA) is not always present in patients with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC). We aimed to determine the additional value of anti-hexokinase 1 (anti-HK1) and anti-kelch-like 12 (anti-KLHL12) antibody in PBC and analyzed the biochemical and immunological parameters of 212 subjects, including PBC patients and healthy controls.

C10H9CaN3O6, monoclinic, P21/n, a = 9.3441(2) Å, b = 6.6142(2) Å, c = 18.6509(4) Å, β = 92.001(2)°, V = 1151.99(5) Å3, Z = 4, R gt(F) = 0.0398, wR ref (F 2) = 0.1101, T = 298 K.

Gastric cancer (GC) is a common gastrointestinal system malignancy. PACSIN1 functions as an oncogene in various cancers. This study aims to investigate the potential of PACSIN1 as a target in GC treatment. Gene expression is determined by RT-qPCR, immunofluorescence staining, and immunohistochemistry assay. FISH is performed to determine the colocalization of PACSIN1 and the major histocompatibility complex (MHC-I). Cytokine release and cell functions are analyzed by flow cytometry. In vivo assays are also conducted. Histological analysis is performed using H&E staining. The results show that PACSIN1 is overexpressed in GC patients, especially in those with immunologically-cold tumors. A high level of PACSIN1 is associated with poor prognosis. PACSIN1 deficiency inhibits autophagy but increases antigen presentation in GC cells. Moreover, PACSIN1 deficiency inhibits the lysosomal fusion and selective autophagy of MHC-I, increases CD8 + T-cell infiltration, and suppresses tumor growth and liver metastasis in vivo. Additionally, PACSIN1 knockout enhances the chemosensitivity of cells to immune checkpoint blockade. In summary, PACSIN1 mediates lysosomal fusion and selective autophagy of MHC-I and suppresses antigen presentation and CD8 + T-cell infiltration, thus inhibiting antitumor immunity in GC.

The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency and its association with inflammatory markers and type 2 diabetes. We conducted our research at Qingdao Endocrine and Diabetes Hospital, where serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels were determined for 2,806 individuals with type 2 diabetes aged 30 and older between January 2018 and December 2019. Medical records were analyzed, and data on health, blood lipids, HbA1c, and inflammation were collected. Our results revealed a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in the population. Among male and female patients, median serum 25(OH)D3 levels were 22.46 and 19.00 ng/mL, respectively. More than 60% of female patients had vitamin D deficiency, with over 80% having levels below 30 ng/mL. We observed a favorable connection between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and 25(OH)D3, while triglycerides and HbA1c showed negative correlations. As 25(OH)D3 levels increased, inflammatory markers such as hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), white blood cell count, neutrophil count, and monocyte count decreased (trend test, p < 0.05), although peripheral blood lymphocytes initially increased and then decreased. After controlling for age and gender, multiple linear regression analysis indicated negative correlations between ESR, hsCRP, and white blood cell count with 25(OH)D3 (p < 0.05). In conclusion, our study demonstrates that individuals with type 2 diabetes often exhibit vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency, which is associated with elevated levels of inflammatory markers in the blood.

Launching backdoor attacks against deep learning (DL)-based network traffic classifiers, and a method of malicious traffic escape was proposed based on the backdoor attack. Backdoors were embedded in classifiers by mixing poisoned training samples with clean samples during the training process. These backdoor classifiers then identified the malicious traffic with an attacker-specific backdoor trigger as benign, allowing the malicious traffic to escape. Additionally, backdoor classifiers behaved normally on clean samples, ensuring the backdoor's concealment. Different backdoor triggers were adopted to generate various backdoor models, the effects of different malicious traffic on different backdoor models were compared, and the influence of different backdoors on the model's performance was analyzed. The effectiveness of the proposed method was verified through experiments, providing a new approach for escaping malicious traffic from classifiers.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the most prevalent cancers in the world, and early diagnosis can effectively improve patient survival. Here, differentially expressed circIARS genes are screened from the sequencing results, and their molecular characteristics are examined by Sanger sequencing, RNase R assay, agarose gel electrophoresis (AGE), and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) is performed to detect the expression level of circIARS. The diagnostic value of the signature is analyzed using a subject operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Moreover, plasma is collected from postsurgical, chemotherapy, and relapse patients to investigate the prognostic value of circIARS in NSCLC. The expression of circIARS is greater in both the plasma and tissues of NSCLC patients than in those of healthy individuals, and could be used to distinguish NSCLC patients from patients with benign pulmonary disease (BPD), small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients, and healthy individuals. The expression level of circIARS relatively decreases after antitumor therapy, such as chemotherapy, and relatively increases after recurrence. ROC analysis reveals that circIARS has better detection efficiency than traditional markers. In addition, circIARS expression level is strongly correlated with several clinicopathological parameters. Finally, we tentatively predict the downstream miRNAs or RBP that might bind to circIARS. Plasma circIARS is significantly greater in NSCLC patients and has good stability and specificity as a diagnostic marker, which could aid in the adjuvant diagnosis and dynamic monitoring of NSCLC.

Food safety incidents caused by foodborne pathogens have attracted widespread attention. In order to ensure food safety, it is essential to adopt effective detection means. The emerging clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated proteins (Cas) system, consisting of CRISPR and Cas, is an acquired immune system widely found in bacteria and archaea, which efficiently and specifically recognizes and cleave exogenous nucleic acids and is more efficient than conventional techniques for detecting pathogenic bacteria. Based on a review of recent progress in research on CRISPR/Cas biosensing system coupled with isothermal amplification technology, this paper summarizes the classification and principle of CRISPR/Cas and recent progress in the application of CRISPR/Cas coupled with isothermal amplification in foodborne pathogen detection, and discusses the prospects and challenges for CRISPR/Cas coupled with isothermal amplification in the real-time detection of foodborne pathogens. We expect that this review will provide a reference for the further development of CRISPR/Cas biosensing system.

Abstract Background There are emerging clinical evidence for umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells (UCBMNCs) intervention to improve preterm complications. The first critical step in cell therapy is to obtain high-quality cells. This retrospective study aimed to investigate the quantity and quality of UCBMNCs from very preterm infants (VPIs) for the purpose of autologous cell therapy in prevention and treatment of preterm complications. Methods Very preterm infants (VPIs) born in Guangdong Women and Children Hospital from January 1, 2017, to December 8, 2022, from whom cord blood was successfully collected and separated for public or private banking, were enrolled. The UCBMNCs characters from route cord blood tests performed in cord blood bank, impact of perinatal factors on UCBMNCs, the relationship between UCBMNCs characteristics and preterm outcomes, and the correlation of UCBMNCs characteristics and peripheral blood cells in VPIs were analyzed. Results Totally, 89 VPIs underwent UCB collection and processing successfully. The median cell number post processing was 2.6 × 108. To infuse a dose of 5 × 107 cells/kg, only 3.4% of infants required a volume of more than 20 mL/kg, which exceeded the maximum safe volume limit for VPIs. However, when infusing 10 × 107 cells/kg, 25.8% of infants required a volume of more than 20 ml/kg volume. Antenatal glucocorticoids use and preeclampsia was associated with lower original UCBMNCs concentration. Both CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) frequency and colony forming unit - granulocyte and macrophage (CFU-GM) number correlated negatively with gestational age (GA). UCBMNCs characters had no significant effect on preterm outcomes, whereas a significant positive correlation was observed between UCBMNCs concentration and total white blood cell, neutrophil, lymphocyte and PLT counts in peripheral blood. Conclusion UCBMNCs collected from VPIs was feasible for autologous cell therapy in improving preterm complications. Setting the infusion dose of 5 × 107 cells/kg guaranteed a safe infusion volume in more than 95% of the targeted infants. UCBMNCs characters did not affect preterm complications; however, the effect of UCBMNCs concentration on peripheral blood classification count should be considered when evaluating the immunomodulation of UCBMNCs transfusion.

AIM: To observe the effects of Liuwei Dihuang Tang on the expression levels of ferritin, recombinant solute carrier family 7 member 11(SLC7A11), glutathione(GSH), and glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4)in retinal of aging model rats.METHODS: A total of 45 SD rats were randomly divided into a blank group, a model group, and a traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)group, with 15 rats in each group. The blank group was intraperitoneally injected with physiological saline, while the model group and TCM group were intraperitoneally injected with D-galactose [500 mg/(kg·d)]. At the same time, the TCM group was orally administered with Liuwei Dihuang Tang [6.75 g/(kg·d)], while the blank group and model group were orally administered with equal volume of physiological saline for 8 consecutive wk. The expression levels of ferritin, SLC7A11, GSH, and GPX4 in the retinal tissues of rats in each group were detected.RESULTS: The expression of ferritin in the retinal tissue of the model group was increased compared to the blank group(P

ABSTRACTInfectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (ISKNV), a member of the genus Megalocytivirus in the family Iridoviridae, can infect over 50 fish species and cause significant economic losses in Asia. Our previous study showed that hypoxia triggers the hypoxia-inducible factor pathway (HIF-pathway), leading to increased replication of ISKNV through promoting the upregulation of viral hypoxic response genes like orf077r. This study delved into the molecular mechanism of how ISKNV manipulates the HIF-pathway to enhance its replication. In vitro and in vivo experiments confirmed that ISKNV infection activated the HIF-pathway, which in turn promoted ISKNV replication. These findings suggest that ISKNV actively manipulates the HIF-pathway. Co-immunoprecipitation experiments revealed that the ISKNV-encoded protein VP077R interacts with the Von Hippel−Lindau (VHL) protein at the HIF-binding region, competitively inhibiting the interaction of HIF-1α with VHL. This prevents HIF degradation and activates the HIF-pathway. Furthermore, VP077R interacts with factor-inhibiting HIF (FIH), recruiting FIH and S-phase kinase-associated protein 1 (Skp1) to form an FIH – VP077R – Skp1 complex. This complex promotes FIH protein degradation via ubiquitination, further activating the HIF-pathway. These findings indicated that ISKNV takes over the HIF-pathway by releasing two “brakes” on this pathway (VHL and FIH) via VP077R, facilitating virus replication. We speculate that hypoxia initiates a positive feedback loop between ISKNV VP077R and the HIF pathway, leading to the outbreak of ISKNV disease. This work offers valuable insights into the complex interactions between the environment, host, and virus.

Breast cancer is the most prevalent malignant tumor among women globally, posing a serious threat to women's health. With the establishment of staging and typing principles for breast cancer diagnosis and treatment, and the development and application of novel antitumor drugs, the survival and quality of life of breast cancer patients have been continuously improving. In China, the large base of breast cancer patients possesses unique incidence characteristics, necessitating ongoing exploration of more appropriate treatment strategies; the volume and level of clinical research are also continuously advancing. In 2023, significant clinical research results were reported for different subtypes of breast cancer. In surgical treatment, clinical trials on targeted axillary lymph node dissection and the establishment of a predictive model BRCA-CRisk for contralateral breast cancer risk provide more evidence for de-escalation in surgical treatment. In the area of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer, pyrotinib has shown significant efficacy in advanced breast cancer treatment. In triple-negative breast cancer, precision subtype treatment and immunotherapy continue to improve patient survival. For hormone receptor-positive breast cancer, significant research results were obtained in exempting low-risk patients from chemotherapy and exploring alternative options after resistance to endocrine therapy. In the aspect of BRCA mutations, BGB-290-201 further confirmed the therapeutic efficacy and safety of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors for the Chinese population. For advanced HER2-negative patients carrying germline BRCA (gBRCA)1/2 mutations, pamiparib will be an ideal treatment choice. This article reviews the important clinical research in the field of breast cancer in China in 2023, summarizes key results, and aims to provide reference ideas for future clinical research.

Non-line-of-sight (NLOS) imaging aims at recovering hidden objects located beyond the traditional line of sight, with potential applications in areas such as security monitoring, search and rescue, and autonomous driving. Conventionally, NLOS imaging requires raster scanning of laser pulses and collecting the reflected photons from a relay wall. High-time-resolution detectors obtain the flight time of photons undergoing multiple scattering for image reconstruction. Expanding the scanning area while maintaining the sampling rate is an effective method to enhance the resolution of NLOS imaging, where an angle magnification system is commonly adopted. Compared to traditional optical components, planar optical elements such as liquid crystal, offer the advantages of high efficiency, lightweight, low cost, and ease of processing. By introducing liquid crystal with angle magnification capabilities into the NLOS imaging system, we successfully designed a large field-of-view high-resolution system for a wide scanning area and high-quality image reconstruction. Furthermore, in order to reduce the long data acquisition time, a sparse scanning method capitalizing on the correlation between measurement data to reduce the number of sampling points is thus proposed. Both the simulation and experiment results demonstrate a >20 % reduction in data acquisition time while maintaining the exact resolution.

Heated tobacco products (HTPs) are a recent category of tobacco products, with their relative safety compared to cigarette smoking and potential to help smokers to quit being two reasons why regulators may consider their market approval. Designed to heat tobacco rather than to burn in order to produce aerosol, different heating techniques are applied to commercial HTPs, which may result in differing aerosol formation. Therefore, each product requires separate assessment. This work focuses on a closed-end HTP (coded as HTP-A), which is electrically heated and designed to allow puffing air flow to bypass its tobacco section, resulting in reduced oxygen concentration within the tobacco section during heating and aerosol forming. To provide a preliminary aerosol chemistry and in vitro toxicological screening, this study assessed HTP-A against a commercial electrically heated HTP (IQOSTM, coded as HTP-B) and a 3R4F reference cigarette. Under Health Canada Intense (HCI) smoking regime, the levels of 9 regulatory priority toxicants in the aerosol of HTP-A were either reduced or comparable to those in HTP-B on a per-stick basis. Additionally, both HTPs showed significant reduction (greater than 90%) in comparison to those measured in mainstream smoke of 3R4F cigarette for these toxicants. Using a set of standard in vitro toxicological assays (Ames, Micronucleus and Neutral Red Uptake), the two HTPs showed no observable responses while significant toxicity responses were recorded for 3R4F’s total particulate matter. Based on these preliminary results, the novel closed-end HTP-A design may provide similar toxicological profiles to the comparator HTP-B. Further toxicological and clinical assessments are warranted to evaluate HTP-A’s potential for exposure or disease risk reduction. [Contrib. Tob. Nicotine Res. 32 (2023) 146–156]

Abstract Background and objective Loneliness is detrimental to mental health, with university students at higher risk of feeling lonely than other population groups. The mental health of college students is a hot topic at present. Despite numerous studies exploring interventions for loneliness among university students. However, little research has explored early psychological manifestations of university students with different levels of loneliness. Despite numerous studies exploring interventions for loneliness among university students, little research has explored early psychological manifestations of university students with different levels of loneliness. Initial sandplay is a good tool to reveal psychological activity. Therefore, our study aims to explore the characteristics of initial sandplay application among university students with different levels of loneliness. Methods We recruited 60 volunteers from a university to perform a sandplay experiment from January to April 2021. The UCLA Loneliness Scale measured the levels of loneliness. These 60 participants were divided into the experimental group (n = 30) and control group (n = 30) according to their levels of loneliness. The experimental group included participants with a scale score of more than 44. Other participants with a scale score of less than 44 belong to the control group. We recorded their sandplay artwork and statistically analyzed it by the Sandplay Process Record Form. Group comparisons were performed using the t-test or Wilcoxon rank-sum test for continuous variables, and the chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test for categorical variables. The logistic regression analysis by forward stepwise method was conducted to analyze the sandplay theme features for loneliness. Results Regarding the sandplay tools, the experimental group used fewer transportation tools (t=-3.608, p

Prostate cancer is a cancer prevalent form characterized by serious clinical symptoms. The discovery of a novel supplement or medication for prostate cancer within the realm of chemotherapeutic drugs holds significant value. Our research involved the synthesis of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) infused with Pistacia khinjuk leaf extract to explore their potential anti-prostate cancer, cytotoxic, and antioxidant properties. The green-formulated CuNPs were characterized by TEM, UV-Vis spectrophotometry, FE-SEM, FTIR. The FE-SEM and TEM findings prove the spherical structure with a size of 10–70 nm. The DPPH assay was carried out to examine the effectiveness of antioxidants. CuNPs exhibited the ability to inhibit 50% of DPPH at 215 µg/mL. To assess the anti-prostate cancer properties of CuNPs, an MTT assay was performed on NCI-H660, DU 145, LNCaP clone FGC, and LNCaP clone FGC-Luc2 cells. CuNPs exhibited remarkable efficacy in inhibiting prostate cancer growth, while demonstrating negligible toxicity towards normal cells. The LNCaP clone FGC cell line displayed the most potent anti-prostate cancer effects of CuNPs. IC50 of CuNPs was 322, 365, 247, and 273 on NCI-H660, DU 145, LNCaP clone FGC, and LNCaP clone FGC-Luc2 prostate cancer cells. CuNPs containing Pistacia khinjuk were found to possess noteworthy anti-prostate carcinoma characteristics and presented excellent antioxidant potentials, as highlighted by this study.

C30H40N2NiO2, orthorhombic, Pnma (no. 62), a = 12.8114(19) Å, b = 21.301(3) Å, c = 10.6536(16) Å, V = 2907.3(8) Å3, Z = 4, R gt(F) = 0.0290, wR ref(F 2) = 0.0808, T = 273(2) K.

Abstract Background In the context of esophageal cancers, lymph nodes located along the left recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) exhibit significant involvement, posing significant challenges for lymphadenectomy. The objective of this study is to assess the safety and efficacy of a novel technique for lymphadenectomy called "elastic suspension of left RLN" method, comparing it with the conventional approach. Methods Between January 2016 and June 2020, a total of 393 patients who underwent minimally invasive esophagectomy with gastroplasty and cervical esophagogastric anastomosis were enrolled in the study. Among them, 291 patients underwent the "elastic suspension of left RLN" method, while 102 patients underwent the conventional method. We compared the number of harvested lymph nodes along the left RLN and assessed postoperative complications between these two groups. Additionally, the overall survival (OS) rate was calculated and analyzed for the entire cohort. Results In comparison to the conventional group, the elastic suspension group exhibited a higher yield of harvested lymph nodes along the left RLN (5.36 vs 3.07, P

To determine whether ultrasound (US) features of breast cancer are associated with Breast Imaging and Reporting Data System molecular subtype, histologic grade, and hormone receptor status as well as to assess the predictive value of these features. Retrospective analysis of the medical records of 220 consecutive patients with invasive breast cancer was reviewed according to the PIK3CA-mutated molecular tumor subtype. US findings of all patients were analyzed. Breast tumors harboring a PIK3CA-mutation were large and exhibited liquefied necrosis and posterior echo attenuation in the nodule. Moreover, such tumors were lobulated and calcified. The aspect ratio of the PIK3CA-mutant was more likely >1. The average nodule elasticity (7.479 ± 0.993 m/s) was measured using US shear wave elastography. Microcalcification was easier to detect inside the nodule using a fluorescence technique. Measurement of the nodule blood flow spectrum showed that the internal blood flow resistance index of nodules was lower than that of other types of breast cancer. The sonographic features of PIK3CA-mutated breast cancers were strongly associated with extensive and liquefied necrosis. The ability to predict molecular subtypes, particularly using US to detect the triple-negative subtype, may play an important role in early management and treatment.

Objective·To explore the possible pathogenic gene of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) by whole exon sequencing and verify its function.Methods·One hundred TAPVC children (case group) and one hundred and twenty healthy children (control group) in Xinhua Hospital and Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from 2014 to 2019 were included. The blood samples from the two groups of children were collected, and whole blood genomic DNA was extracted for exon sequencing to screen out the potential pathogenic genes of TAPVC. Harmful mutation sites of pathogenic genes were screened through Mutation Taster, SIFT and PolyPhen-2 websites, and then conducted by Sanger sequencing. The wild-type (wild-type group) and mutant (mutant group) plasmids of PDX1 were transfected into HUVEC cells. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and Western blotting were used to detect the effects of mutations on mRNA and protein levels of PDX1, respectively. The STRING database was used to analyze the interaction between proteins, and qPCR was used to determine the expressions of downstream genes regulated by PDX1.Results·Pathogenic PDX1 was found in TAPVC children, and Sanger sequencing revealed two novel variants in the gene: c.C237A (P33T) and c. C237G (P33A). Compared with the wild-type group, there was no significant difference in PDX1 mRNA levels in the two mutant groups, but there was a significant increase in relative protein expression of the CA group and CG group, which was 2.9 and 3.4 times higher than the wild-type group, respectively (P=0.000, P=0.001). Protein interaction analysis demonstrated that PDX1 was associated with SOX17. qPCR results showed that overexpression of PDX1 could downregulate the expression of SOX17 in HUVEC.Conclusion·The two novel PDX1 missense mutations can affect the process of PDX1 post-transcriptional translation, indicating that PDX1 may participate in the occurrence and development of TAPVC by regulating SOX17.

This paper summarizes integrated Traditional Chinese and Western medicine nursing of patient with sacral cyst. Medical staff paid attention to the emotional care of the patient before surgery, closely observed the vital signs of the patient after surgery, and actively prevented the occurrence of complications after the sacral cyst resection, including the prevention of infection of the sacrococcygeal wound. Based on the Traditional Chinese Medicine syndrome differentiation, nursing techniques including auricular acupoint pressing, Chinese herbal medicine hot compress and ointment rubbing therapy were carried out to relieve the pain, improve the wound healing, prevent the constipation and promote the early rehabilitation after surgery. (本文总结1例骶管囊肿患者术后中西医结合的护理。术前注重患者的情志护理, 并做好术后锻炼准备工作; 术后严密观察患者生命体征, 积极预防骶管囊肿切除术后并发症; 基于中医辨证, 采取耳穴贴压、中药热奄、中药膏摩等中医护理技术缓解疼痛、促进伤口愈合、防治腹胀及便秘, 通过中西医结合护理干预, 缓解患者焦虑情绪, 促进早期康复。)

Cigarette ventilation characteristics are one of the important design factors that affect the combustion state and therefore smoke release. In order to study the changes of ventilation characteristics and the combustion state of cigarettes with different rod circumferences during smoking, a device was designed that could flexibly measure the different ventilation characteristics along the cigarette rod. The device was utilized to measure the changes of the total ventilation rate and filter ventilation rate of cigarettes with different rod circumference in both burned and unburned conditions. At the same time, a test method was implemented to measure the temperature of the combustion coal puff-by-puff during the smoking process. The relationship between ventilation and the combustion state was analyzed on a per-puff basis. The results show that with the decrease of the rod circumference from 24 mm to 20 mm and 17 mm, the total ventilation rate under burning conditions changed considerably compared with unburned conditions, increasing by 55.7%, 60.5% and 74.5% on average, respectively. The ventilation of the cigarette paper played a major role in regulating the ventilation during puffing. With the increase from 17 mm to 24 mm in circumference, the combustion efficiency of the tobacco decreased as indicated by a range of thermophysical parameters of the burning coal.

The effects of 200 keV and 10 MeV electron-irradiation accelerators on the eradication of lasioderma serricorne and bacteria in tobacco and on the quality of tobacco leaf are investigated. By controlling the parameters of electron-beam irradiation, all lasioderma serricorne and bacteria inside tobacco can be eradicated efficiently and rapidly. The irradiated tobacco exhibits good retention based on a validation experiment, and no colonies are detected within 38 d. The irradiation has no significant effects on the basic physical and chemical indexes or the organic-acid and mineral-element contents of tobacco. Excessive energy levels reduce the volatilization loss of neophytadiene in tobacco from 589.91 to 418.64 μg/g, which indicates that the aroma quality of the tobacco deteriorates to a certain extent. Fluka simulation results show that a 3 MeV electron beam is sufficient to penetrate a full box of stored tobacco at existing tobacco stacking densities.

Objective To discuss the management modes and application effects of strengthening the volunteer’s normalized nucleic acid sampling. Methods The volunteers of receiving the nucleic acid sampling training and normalized nucleic acid sampling (May 1st, 2022 to Jun 30th, 2022) were investigated. The volunteers were assigned to control group (n=300) and test group (n=300). WeChat group and self-made questionnaires were developed while the normalized nucleic acid sampling manuals were delivered. The normalized nucleic acid sampling was applied in the control group, and the theoretical knowledge and professional skills training were applied in the test group weekly. The weekly examination performances were evaluated through the questionnaires and interviews. The job-site sampling quality was assessed. Results Both of groups had participated into the nucleic acid sampling training and had working experiences. Before intervention, the standard rates of the job-site supervision and theoretical knowledge were 100% in both two groups. There was no significant difference in the theoretical knowledge and job-site supervision scores between groups (P>0. 05). After intervention, the theoretical knowledge and job-site supervision scores for two groups showed a rising tendency; After 1w, 2w, 3w and 4w of intervention, the cognitive levels and theoretical knowledge scores in the test group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P＜0. 05); After intervention, the occupational exposure rates in the test group were significantly lower than that in the control group (P＜0. 05). Conclusion Volunteer’s normalized nucleic acid sampling management should be enhanced from aspects of job-site supervision, the professional skill and theoretical knowledge learning, the volunteer’s job responsibility and specific rule planning, so as to increase the nucleic acid sampling normalization and accuracy. (目的 探讨加强志愿者常态化核酸采样的管理方法, 并观察其应用效果。方法 选取2022年5月1日—6月30日在本院接受核酸采样培训的并参加常态化核酸采样的志愿者进行研究, 根据电脑随机分组将志愿者分为对照组和研究组, 各300人。建立微信群, 通过“问卷星”进行在线问卷调查, 每人发放常态化核酸采样手册。对照组进行常态化核酸采样, 研究组每周完成相关理论及技能的再培训。每周通过问卷和走访的形式对两组志愿者进行考核, 并对志愿者工作现场进行质量检查。结果 两组均为参加过培训及有一定工作经验的志愿者, 干预前对两组进行现场督查和理论考核, 考核达标率均为100%, 两组理论考核及现场结果差异无统计学意义(P＞0. 05)。干预后, 两组理论考核及现场结果督查成绩均呈上升趋势, 但研究组志愿者干预后1、2、3、4周对核酸采样各方面的认知水平和理论考核的上升幅度明显优于对照组(P＜0. 05); 研究组加强志愿者管理后职业暴露发生率低于对照组(P＜0. 05)。结论 加强志愿者常态化核酸采样管理需从加强督察督办、强化志愿者各项培训和理论学习、明确志愿者的岗位职责和具体制度三方面展开, 能够确保志愿者采样的规范性和准确性。)

ObjectiveTo investigate the diagnostic value of trimethylamine N-Oxide （TMAO） and serum amyloid A （SAA） levels in peripheral blood of patients with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion （CCH）. MethodsThe patients attending the Department of Neurology of Sichuan Provincial Peoples Hospital from February 2022 to June 2022 were divided into CCH group （n=55） and control group （n=42） based on the results of magnetic resonance arterial spin labeling （ASL）. The levels of TMAO and SAA were detected by ELISA and their diagnostic value for CCH were anaylzed by ROC curve. ResultsThe levels of TMAO （47.24±8.84 vs 40.81±8.33, t=3.639, P＜0.05） and SAA （14.04±2.70 vs 12.20±2.30, t=3.542, P＜0.05） in CCH group were significantly higher than those in control group. High levels of TMAO and SAA and history of primary hypertension were independent risk factors for the occurrence of CCH （P＜0.05）. The areas under ROC curve （AUC） of TMAO and SAA for diagnosing CCH were 0.701 （95%CI: 0.594-0.809） respectively and 0.675 （95%CI: 0.565-0.786）. The combined detection of TMAO and SAA achieved the highest AUC of 0.765 （95%CI: 0.667-0.863）. ConclusionBoth TMAO and SAA are related to the occurrence of CCH and can be used as auxiliary diagnostic indicators for CCH.

Proteins are the carriers of biological structure and function, which are involved in almost all the physiological processes in organisms. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of proteins can not only help us understand the mechanisms of life activities, but also screen for the proteins with abnormal expression compared to healthy controls as biomarkers of diseases as well as environmental exposure to harmful substances, thus facilitating to unravel the mechanisms of disease generation and development. Tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) is currently the main tool for high-throughput proteomics analysis. It can characterize the proteins by determining the molecular mass of digestion products, locating modification sites, and obtaining sequence information. However, acidic amino acid residues often have a significant impact on the cleavage process of peptides, limiting the performance of MS/MS. For example, for the phosphopeptides containing abundance of negatively charged carboxyl and phosphoryl groups, their ionization is not efficient in the positive mode, and neutral loss is easy to occur during the cleavage process, resulting in a low coverage of product ions in the MS/MS spectra. In this paper, the carboxyl groups from the R group of aspartic acid and glutamic acid as well as the C-terminus of peptide were neutralized using dimethylamine derivatization under mild condition. Accordingly, the fragmentation features of peptides with altered charge properties were studied in collision-induced dissociation (CID) mode. Further, the peptides were labeled using light and heavy isotopic dimethylamine, respectively, thus enabling to verify the features based on the same ion with different labels. The results showed that the precursor ion signal from the derivatized peptide was significantly enhanced compared to that of the native peptide. And, the derived peptides could yield a variety of a, b, y, and z ions, and some reported ions in MS/MS analysis, such as the ion at m/z 129.10/135.14 produced by the peptides with glutamic acid or lysine residue at C-terminus, which facilitating to determine the C-terminal amino acid of protein. While, the peptides proned to lose the derivative groups located at the C-terminus, yielding a series of ions at m/z ［yn-45.06］ or ［yn-73.05］. In addition, the neutralization of carboxyl groups could suppress the loss of phosphoryl groups in phosphopeptides to a certain extent, thus improving the resolution efficiency of the MS/MS spectra. Overall, the derivatization method based on carboxy-amidation can provide abundant information for the sequence determination and quantitative analysis of peptides due to the altered fragmentation features in CID mode.

Objective To investigate the role and mechanism of the small-molecule inhibitor CIL56 in the death of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells. Methods SRB method and plate-cloning method were used to detect the effect of CIL56 on the proliferation of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. The effect of CIL56 on the migration of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells was investigated by scratch-healing test. The effect of CIL56 on the concentration of iron ions in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma was detected with an iron-detection kit. A total glutathione test kit was used to examine the effect of CIL56 on glutathione concentration in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Western blot was used to investigate the effect of CIL56 on the expression of xCT and GPX4 proteins related to iron death, as well as YAP1 protein, in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Results CIL56 could significantly inhibit the proliferation (P < 0.05) and migration (P < 0.001) of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. With the increased CIL56 concentration, the iron concentration in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma increased (P < 0.05). CIL56 could reduce the glutathione content in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (P < 0.01). CIL56 could reduce the expression of xCT and GPX4 proteins related to iron death and decrease the level of YAP1 protein in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (both P < 0.001). Conclusion The small-molecule inhibitor CIL56 can significantly inhibit the proliferation and migration of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells and reduce the expression of the iron-death-related proteins xCT and GPX4, as well as YAP1 protein.

Stroke is the leading cause of disability worldwide, with approximately 85% of poststroke patients experiencing upper extremity dysfunction at first presentation and only 5% to 20% fully recovered at six months post-stroke. As a result, patients often experience difficulties in daily life, and improving the functional use of the upper extremities in poststroke patients is critical. Accurate assessment and training of motor function in stroke patients is essential. Integrating motor assessment with clinical assessment scales is vital to the comprehensive evaluation of upper limb function aspects fully. Markerless sensing techniques are used to assess typical motor abilities of the upper extremity in poststroke patients, such as range of motion, coordination, grip strength, or fine manual dexterity. Automated assessment of upper extremity motor function based on machine learning algorithms with markerless sensing techniques has focused on the Fugl-Meyer assessment of upper extremity (FMA-UE), Brunnstrom stages, and Wolf motor function test (WMFT) scales and has been proved with high-scoring accuracy and time efficiency. In addition, virtual reality (VR) training designed for neurorehabilitation can effectively promote recovery of upper limb function after stroke. The principles of neurorehabilitation associated with it include task-oriented practice, explicit feedback, increased difficulty, implicit feedback, variable practice, and mechanisms to promote the use of the affected limb. The effectiveness of VR training is the result of the advantage of the technology combined with neurorehabilitation principles to promote motor learning and functional recovery. VR rehabilitation systems can be divided into off-the-shelf commercial video game systems and custom virtual environment systems; touch and touchless interfaces; proximal movement (shoulder and elbow), distal movement (wrist and hand), and hybrid movement systems. Various VR rehabilitation systems for upper limb function in stroke have been developed at home and abroad, but there are shortcomings: 1) lack of patient-centered task-oriented personalized training plans; 2) less frequent use of the hand and arm as a whole in the research; 3) more subjective assessment of functional impairment and clinical outcome; 4) no close integration between rehabilitation assessment and treatment. Moreover, the intelligent assessment of upper limb motor function in stroke has focused on the FMA-UE, Brunnstrom, and WMFT scales, and the functional test for the hemiplegic upper extremity (FTHUE) scale, which is widely used in clinical practice, has not been studied. The FTHUE assessment scale and a set of rehabilitation programs based on the FTHUE scale are commonly used in clinical practice. Combining the FTHUE rehabilitation program with VR training can more effectively promote patients' motor function recovery. Future research can select the corresponding FTHUE rehabilitation program based on the objective assessment results of the FTHUE scale, which can enable the development of individualized training programs and effectively integrate the principles of rehabilitation training. In addition, systems developed using markerless sensing technology with high accuracy (Microsoft Azure Kinect and Leap Motion Controller devices) are inexpensive, portable, and suitable for community or home scenarios. This paper reviews the current research progress of VR training devices and intelligent assessment systems for upper limbs in stroke and the limitations of existing devices. It proposes a design concept to achieve a close connection between intellectual assessment and treatment of upper limb motor function in poststroke patients based on the FTHUE scale while integrating assessment and treatment of upper limbs and hands. It aims to provide reference ideas for developing intelligent devices for upper limb rehabilitation.

Biosurfactants-based bioremediation is considered an efficient technology to eliminate environmental pollutants including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). However, the precise role of rhamnolipids or lipopeptide-biosurfactants in mixed PAH dissipation, shaping microbial community structure, and influencing metabolomic profile remained unclear. In this study, results showed that the maximum PAH degradation was achieved in lipopeptide-assisted treatment (SPS), where the pyrene and phenanthrene were substantially degraded up to 74.28 % and 63.05 % respectively, as compared to rhamnolipids (SPR) and un-aided biosurfactants (SP). Furthermore, the high throughput sequencing analysis revealed a significant change in the PAH-degrading microbial community, with Proteobacteria being the predominant phylum (>98 %) followed by Bacteroidota and Firmicutes in all the treatments. Moreover, Pseudomonas and Pannonibacter were found as highly potent bacterial genera for mixed PAH degradation in SPR, SPS, and SP treatments, nevertheless, the abundance of the genus Pseudomonas was significantly enhanced (>97 %) in SPR treatment groups. On the other hand, the non-targeted metabolomic profile through UHPLC-MS/MS exhibited a remarkable change in the metabolites of amino acids, carbohydrates, and lipid metabolisms by the input of rhamnolipids or lipopeptide-biosurfactants whereas, the maximum intensities of metabolites (more than two-fold) were observed in SPR treatment. The findings of this study suggested that the aforementioned biosurfactants can play an indispensable role in mixed PAH degradation as well as seek to offer new insights into shifts in PAH-degrading microbial communities and their metabolic function, which can guide the development of more efficient and targeted strategies for complete removal of organic pollutants such as PAH from the contaminated environment.

Objective: This study aimed to help with determination of optimal raw materials for squid surimi products. Methods: The differences in gel strength, water-holding capacity, cooking loss, rheological properties and chemical interaction force of surimi gels, obtained from three species of squid, were evaluated. Results: The gel strength and water-holding capacity of the three species of surimi gel were in descending order as follows: Illex argentinus>Dosidicus gigas>Ommastephes bartrami, while the cooking loss was the opposite. The dynamic rheological temperature scan showed that the energy storage modulus(G′) of the three kinds of surimi decreased with temperature to a minimum value of 45 ℃, then increased to a maximum value of 75 ℃ and decreased again. The G′ of Illex argentinus surimi was higher than the other two kinds of squids when the second stage heating at 90 ℃.The ionic bonding, hydrogen bonding, and hydrophobic interactions of Illex argentinus surimi gel were significantly stronger than the other two kinds of squids. Conclusion: Illex argentinus surimi is the best raw material for squid surimi products; and the production needs to use auxiliary means to improve the gel quality according to the different characteristics of the three kinds of squid surimi.

Objective·To modify previous clinically relevant post-operative pancreatic fistula (CR-POPF) risk evaluation models with quantitative evaluation of pancreatic tissue stiffness by ultrasound shear wave elastography (SWE).Methods·In this prospective study, the patients who were diagnosed as having pancreatic tumors and scheduled to undergo pancreatectomy at Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University were initially enrolled, whose clinical information was collected. Virtual touch tissue imaging and quantification technology (VTIQ) assessment was applied to the patients within one week before the surgery to measure the shear wave velocity (SWV) of pancreatic lesions and the normal parenchyma of pancreatic body in the superficial layer of the portal vein. During the surgery, the surgeons qualitatively evaluated the stiffness of pancreases via direct palpation and divided them into soft pancreases and medium-hard pancreases. During the 3-week follow-up period after pancreatectomy, CR-POPF was diagnosed according to 2016 International Study Group of Pancreatic Fistula (ISGPF) standard. Peri-operative risk factors of CR-POPF were analyzed by univariate and multivariate Logistic regression to build the prediction model. Evaluation and comparison of diagnostic efficacy and clinical benefits among different models were then performed via receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and decision curve analysis (DCA).Results·From September 2021 to March 2022, 100 patients were enrolled in this study, including 33 patients (33.0%) who received pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) and 67 patients (67.0%) who received distal pancreatectomy. CR-POPF was diagnosed in 35 patients (35.0%) during the 3-week post-pancreatectomy follow-up. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed that the SWV value of the body part of pancreatic parenchyma in the superficial layer of the portal vein [lgOR=-2.934 (95%CI -4.387‒-1.479), P=0.000] and the presence of a non-dilated main pancreatic duct (≤3 mm) [lgOR=0.805 (95%CI 0.274‒1.335), P=0.003] were independent risk factors that significantly correlated with the occurrence of CR-POPF after pancreatectomy. The modified model based on the SWE parameter achieved the area under the ROC curve of 0.842, with the sensitivity, the specificity, the positive predictive value, the negative predictive value and the likelihood ratio of 85.7%, 64.6%, 70.5%, 81.8% and 2.422 in predicting CR-POPF. DCA revealed a better clinical benefit of the modified model compared to the previous prediction models [fistula risk score (FRS) and alternative fistula risk score (a-FRS)].Conclusion·The modified model based on the SWE parameter and identified clinical risk factors can make non-invasive, quantitative and objective evaluation of CR-POPF risk before pancreatectomy, and provide sufficient diagnostic efficacy and clinical benefits.

BackgroundIn the process of accelerated development of nuclear medicine department in recent years, the construction of decay tanks and the storage time of radioactive wastewater containing 131I have become issues of great concern for environmental regulatory agencies and hospitals. Regulations and standards, such as "Basic Standards for Protection against Ionizing Radiation and for the Safety of Radiation Sources" (GB 18871-2002), "Radiation Protection and Safety Requirements for Nuclear Medicine" (HJ 1188-2021), and "Reply to Consultation on Several Clauses of the Nuclear Medicine Standard", have stipulated the compliant discharge methods for radioactive wastewater containing 131I from hospitals.PurposeThis study aims to demonstrate the methods for calculating the optimal volume of the decay tank and the minimum storage time so as to minimize the unnecessary construction costs and land use while ensuring compliance with regulations.MethodsFirstly, according to theoretical induction, a formula for the upper bound of total activity of 131I was presented for a full decay tank in a hospital. Then, the RJ (Radioactivity Judgement) equation group was put forward to address the calculation of minimum decay time and volume of the decay tank. Finally, the actual monitoring data from four hospitals were applied to verification the recommendation of this study.ResultsVerification results demonstrate that when the temporary storage period for radioactive wastewater containing 131I reaches the minimum time calculated by the RJ equations, the total discharge activity of 131I complies with the national environmental protection standards. Among the three compliant discharge methods for radioactive wastewater containing 131I in the decay tank, the method specified in GB 18871-2002 is advantageous for the operation of the nuclear medicine department in the hospital.ConclusionsWith the methodologies detailed in this paper, it is possible to significantly reduce the required volume of the decay tank and the minimum storage time. These findings provide clear and specific guidance for the construction of decay tanks in nuclear medicine departments and for the supervision and inspection conducted by regulatory authorities.

C24H16N2S, monoclinic, P21 /n (no. 14), a = 18.443(2) Å, b = 4.0161(6) Å, c = 23.396(4) Å, β = 99.246(6)°, V = 1710.4(4) Å3, Z = 4, R gt(F) = 0.0589, wR ref(F 2) = 0.1173, T = 273.15 K.

C12H8Br2O2, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 4.1957(13) Å, b = 13.402(4) Å, c = 11.160(3) Å, β = 99.645(10)°, V = 618.7(3) Å3, Z = 2, Rgt(F) = 0.0287, wRref(F2) = 0.0701, T = 273(2) K.

C12H16Br2O4, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 12.594(5) Å, b = 4.4613(16) Å, c = 12.878(4) Å, β = 91.209(12)∘, V = 723.4(4) Å3, Z = 2, R gt(F) = 0.0450, wR ref(F 2) = 0.1103, T = 293 (2) K.

Kashgar Oasis is an ecologically fragile area in the southern margin of the Tarim Basin, which is affected by both natural conditions and human activities. Exploring the spatiotemporal dynamics and driving factors of ecological environment quality in this area is significant for maintaining regional ecological security and ecological protection. This study aims to examine the multi-year RSEI, calculated based on the GEE platform from 1990 to 2020 in the study area, located in the core area of the Oasis. The trend analysis method analyzed the spatiotemporal pattern of RSEI and dynamic evolution. Additionally, the regularity of migration directions was explored through gravity transfer and the linear directional mean. Finally, the driving forces factors were quantified by geographic detectors. The results showed that: (1) The ecological environment quality of the study area showed an increasing trend from 1990 to 2020, with the mean value of RSEI increasing from 0.542 to 0.577, an overall increase of 6.84%. (2) The improved and stable areas account for 60.901% and 5.428%, respectively, and the improved areas were mainly distributed in a large area, while the degraded area was mainly mildly degraded and had a patchy structure. (3) The change direction of different grades showed an east–west extension trend, with areas of significant improvement and slight degradation being more aligned with river flow. (4) The results showed that land use and land cover (LULC), representing human activities, had the most significant explanatory power, and the q-value of single factor detection and interaction detection of LUC-GDP were 0.506 and 0.550, respectively. This indicated that the fluctuations of eco-environmental quality in this area are closely related to the local land use patterns. This study can provide a reference for implementing local ecological environment protection and environmental restoration projects.

Objective: The aim of this study was to analysis the effect of cultivars on the adaptability of kiwifruit processing to chips while six cultivars of kiwifruit were used as the raw material. Methods: Kiwifruit chips were prepared by the method of vacuum freeze-dried. Sensory evaluation and nine indexes such as the yield of kiwifruit chips, water-soluble pectin, acid-soluble pectin, soluble sugar, total acid content, sugar-acid ratio. ascorbic acid content, hardness and crispness of kiwifruit chips were analyzed. Results: There were significantly differences among yield, nutrient content and sensory indicators in kiwifruit chips while the kiwifruit chips were prepared with different cultivars. Kiwifruit chips with cultivar name "Jinyan" were higher in yield, water-soluble pectin, soluble sugar and hardness of kiwifruit chips, but were lower in total acid content and crispness of kiwifruit chips. Kiwifruit chips with cultivar name "Jinmei" were higher in yield, water-soluble pectin, soluble sugar and ascorbic acid, and were lower in total acid, hardness and crispness of kiwi fruit chips. Kiwifruit chips with cultivar name "Jinyuan" were higher in water-soluble pectin, acid-soluble pectin, bound-pectin, soluble sugar, total acid and ascorbic acid, and were lower in hardness and crispness of kiwi fruit chips. Kiwifruit chips with cultivar name "Jintao" were higher in yield, sugar-acid ratio, ascorbic acid, hardness and crispness of the chips, and were lower in water-soluble pectin and total acid in kiwifruit chips. Kiwifruit chips with cultivar name "Cuiyu" were higher in yield, sugar-acid ratio, crispness of kiwifruit chips, and were lower in acid-soluble pectin, bound-pectin, soluble sugar, total acid and hardness of chips. Kiwifruit chips with cultivar name "Donghong" were higher in yield of kiwifruit chips, acid-soluble pectin, bound-pectin, soluble sugar, sugar-acid ratio and hardness of chips, and were lower in water-soluble pectin, total acid and crispness of chips. Conclusion: The cultivars of kiwifruit had extremely effect on the yield, nutrient content and sensory indicators of kiwifruit chips. Kiwifruit named "Donghong" was considered as the optimal cultivar to be prepared kiwifruit chips by vacuum freeze-drying method.

The development of Internet technology has made the problem of information overload more and more serious.In order to solve the problems of data sparse and cold start of traditional recommendation technology,social recommendation has gradually become a research hotspot in recent years.As a network,graph neural networks(GNNs)can naturally integrate node information and topology,offer great potential for improving social recommendation.But there are still many challenges for social recommendation based on graph neural network.For example,how to learn accurate latent factor representations of users and items from user-item interaction graphs and social network graphs;Simply mapping of inherent properties of users and items to obtain embeddings,but key collaborative signals of user-item interactions are not learned.In order to learn more accurate latent factor representations,capture key collaborative signals,and improve the performance of recommender systems,a graph attention-based neural collaborative filtering social recommendation model(AGNN-SR) is proposed.The model is based on user-item interaction graphs and social network graphs,and learns latent factors of users and items from multiple perspectives through a multi-head attention mechanism.In addition,graph neural networks utilize higher-order connectivity to recursively propagate embedding information on the graph,explicitly encoding collaborative signaling to explore deep and complex interactions between users and items.Finally,the effectiveness of the AGNN-SR model is verified on three real datasets.

Abstract Pit mud quality is a key parameter that impacts the quality of Chinese strong-flavor Baijiu production.This study was developed to explore spatial bacterial community distributions and the relationships between these distributions and the volatile compound accumulation within the pit mud used in the production of Chinese strong-flavor Baijiu. The results revealed Lactobacillus pasteurii and Limnochorda pilosa were found to be the dominant bacteria present in the upper wall, middle wall, and bottom pit mud layers, whereas the Clostridium genus was detectable at high levels in the lower layer of the pit wall and played a role in contributing to the overall aroma and flavor compounds in produced Chinese strong-flavor Baijiu, with Clostridium abundance being strongly correlated with caproic acid, ethyl caproate, ethyl butyrate, and hexanol levels as well as moderately correlated with butyric acid levels. The abundance of the Lactobacillus genus was positively correlated with levels of ethyl lactate, 1-butanol, and 2,3-butanediol. Limnochorda pilosa was closely associated with ethyl acetate levels. Additionally, the correlations between bacterial communities and chemical properties also investigated, and the results demonstrated PO43−, total carbon, K+, humus, NH4 +-N, and Mg2+ levels significantly affected the bacterial community structure of pit mud, and they were positively correlated with the relative abundance of Clostridium. Together, these findings can serve as a foundation for future studies exploring the mechanisms whereby volatile compounds accumulate in different pit mud layers, which facilitates the fermentation regulation and pit mud quality improvement of Chinese strong-flavor Baijiu.

ObjectiveTo analyze the biomechanical characteristics of equinus and crouch gait in children with spastic cerebral palsy (CP) using the foot sole model, and to compare the differences with the gait biomechanical characteristics of normal developing children.MethodsGait data of 60 children with CP collected by the Biomechanics Laboratory of University of Auckland, New Zealand were selected and divided into normal developing group, equinus gait group and crouch gait group, with 20 cases in each group. A three-dimensional motion capture system was used to collect gait data. A static trial was first completed to calibrate the computerized model to each of the physical markers. In each test, the participant walked 10 meters at a self-selected pace along a 10-metre walkway. Three successful gait trials were obtained for each participant and the mean value was taken. The anteroposterior (AP) displacement, medial-lateral (ML) displacement and displacement slope of the plantar center of pressure (COP) were calculated and compared among the three groups. The distance between the center of pressure and the origin of foot sole coordinate system, and the ankle and knee lever arms and external moments in AP and ML directions at maximal propulsion were also compared among three groups.Results(1) Characteristics of plantar center of pressure progression: compared with the normal developing group, COP-AJC0 significantly increased in the equinus gait group and the crouch gait group (P0, a greater anterioposterior displacement, and a lower center of pressure displacement slope (PPPP>0.05).ConclusionThe analysis of plantar center of pressure progression and lever arm characteristics of lower extremity joints based on the foot sole model can accurately and objectively reflect the biomechanical characteristics of gait in children with spastic cerebral palsy, which is recommended for clinical application.

In view of the problems of great difficulty, high cost and low reliability in obtaining the operation data on the key state variables of production system in offshore natural gas fields, research on soft sensing was carried out, and a dynamic data-driven estimation model of flow and pressure was established, providing the central controllers an online monitoring tool for safety analysis of the system. Combining the dynamic and static samples, a Dense Neural Network model library of Nonlinear Auto-Regressive with Exogenous Inputs(DNN-NARX model), comprising the black box and grey box, was established with the black-box identification technique based on deep learning, as well as the parameter correction technique based on transfer learning, approximately describing the dynamic flowing characteristics of gas production well, so as to estimate the single well flow and wellhead pressure. The simulation results of the dynamic DNN-NARX black-box and grey-box model, the DNN-NARX model and the traditional Multiple-Layer Perception-NARX model(MLP-NARX model)were compared by examples of calculation. The results indicate that both of the accuracy and calculation time of DNNNARX model and MLP-NARX model satisfy the requirements of online estimation. Therein, the dynamic DNN-NARX grey-box model shows the remarkable advantages of higher immunity from interference and generalization capability. Thus,the proposed model has high engineering applicability, providing good referential significance to the soft sensing problems in the field of offshore oil and gas production.

Natural kefir grains are rich in beneficial bacteria, and analysis of their microbial diversity is a necessary condition for developing and applying kefir grains. In this study, six commercially available natural kefir grains were used as raw materials to explore their microbial diversity by metagenomics. The results showed that there were 14794 genes in 6 kinds of natural kefir grains, and the number of unique genes of X1, X2, X3, X4, X5, X6 were 111, 11, 0, 1899, 552, 1, respectively. From the relative abundance table of boundary, phylum, class, order, family, genus and species, the microbial diversity at each level was analyzed.The two dominant genera at the genus level are Lactobacillus and Lactococcus, and the dominant species at the species level are Lactococcus lactis and Lactococcus kefiranofaciens, Lactococcus crispatus, and Lactococcus helveticus, etc. Species distribution and species diversity of each sample were analyzed by species heat map, principal component analysis and non-metric multidimensional calibration methods. The results showed that the microbial diversity of natural kefir grains from 6 different sources were different. The research can provide reference for the development and application of natural kefir grains in the field of dairy products.

Exopolysaccharides (EPS) can not only give food a unique texture but also has antioxidant capacities. To select the medium composition that influences the yield and antioxidative activity of EPS, Plackett–Burman (PB) design was employed to appraise the effects of carbon sources, nitrogen sources, and inorganic salts on yield and DPPH free radical scavenging (DPPH-FRS) rate of EPS in MRS medium fermented by Lactobacillus fermentum B62. The result indicated that sucrose (p

A novel concept is described here that utilizes externally applied heat to a solid rod of reconstituted tobacco biomass to form a stream of aerosol under progressively oxygen-deficient atmosphere. The boundary of auto-ignition was determined at oxygen concentrations of 0%, 5%, 10%, and 21% and then the effects of these different atmospheres on various parameters were studied. Experimental results indicated that the ignition temperature decreased with the increase of oxygen concentration and a negative temperature coefficient (NTC) for atmosphere with oxygen was observed at before but close to ignition temperature. Significant differences in the yields of CO and CO2 between oxygen and oxygen-free atmosphere were observed. The mass of aerosol produced under an inert atmosphere and reduced-oxygen atmosphere were characterized with selected volatile and semi-volatile components, phenols, aldehydes, and other organic compounds of interests. In addition, higher oxygen concentration resulted in higher bulk and surface oxygen content of solid-phase residue, the reduction of carbon and hydrogen element content and related functional groups, and the content of inorganic compounds also exhibited an increase with oxygen concentration. By systematically changing oxygen concentrations of the biomass bed with increasing temperatures, an aerosol stream of controlled chemical composition and yields could be formed without leading to ignition. Key chemical markers of inhalation harm were measured and compared to each other under different degrees close to combustion. Studying reconstituted tobacco or other biomass materials in such a way could provide alternative and useful information in the design heated biomass aerosol generators.

A lit cigarette forms a positive and negative pressure zone by a puff with respect to the position of its paper burn line. Smoke aerosols generated from the two zones are then pulled through the rod under the puff to form the mainstream smoke. This phenomenon is fundamental to the thermophysics and the resultant chemical composition of the mainstream smoke. In this study, we created two different airflow pathways inside a heated tobacco rod by a puff, and investigated the differences in aerosol formation and its chemical compositions. The two different pressure-induced conditions, one through an open-ended tobacco rod (marked as HNB, a label of a designed airflow pathway of commercial heated tobacco products called heat-not-burn prior), and the other through a closed-ended tobacco rod (marked as NSC, a label of a novel-designed airflow pathway of heated tobacco products), were compared for their aerosol collected mass (ACM), the contents of nicotine, water and added aerosol agents such as propylene glycol (PG) and glycerol (VG), as well as selected aldehydes and ketones in the mainstream aerosol. Aerosol particle distribution and the heated temperature along different rod locations were also compared during a puff. The results indicated marked differences in the aerosol formation processes between the two HNB and NSC systems. The transfer ratios of the main aerosol components were significantly higher for the NSC; the levels of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde were significantly lower under the NSC than the HNB condition. There were also significant differences for the aerosol particle number concentration (APNC) and count median diameter (CMD) for the two systems. The lack of convective heat transfer in the aerosol formation under the NSC condition resulted in a relatively stable thermal aerosol generation zone, reflected by the temperature difference between the two systems in the selected locations. The NSC mode of tobacco heating thus offers a novel and enhanced aerosol generation for heat tobacco product designs.