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Purposes To investigate the influence of different tamping methods on the reinforcement effect of sand dynamic compaction, this research has been done from the perspective of soil stress distribution characteristics. Methods The dynamic compaction model test was carried out in the outdoor field to monitor the vertical and radial soil pressures in the soil and falling weight acceleration during tamping process, and the displacements in the soil were analyzed by numerical simulation method. Findings It is concluded that in the construction of dynamic compaction method, the vertical soil pressure waveform is the shock wave waveform or the vibration attenuation wave shape, and the radial earth pressure waveform is the impact waveform; There are two reinforcement modes in the process of dynamic compaction, the soil under tamping point is mainly vertically compacted, while the soil side of tamping point also has significant radial compaction; At the same level of dynamic compaction, heavy falling weight is suitable for deep soil and radial soil reinforcement, while light falling weight is suitable for rapid reinforcement of shallow soil. Conclusions The research results have a certain guiding significance for the selection of tamping methods of the same energy level dynamic compaction.

As a social, cultural, and spatial phenomenon, the spatial characteristics and dynamics of youth neo-tribes reflect the mode, process, and strategy of interaction with their social environment. However, existing studies mainly regard space as a formation condition and internal characteristic of neo-tribes, while failing to consider it as a key perspective for understanding the social and historical processes of neo-tribes. Therefore, this study constructs an analysis framework based on two spatial analysis paths proposed by Soja(2005)from his ontology of existence: "time-space" and "society-space." Furthermore, "706 Youth Space" is taken as a case study to analyze the spatial characteristics and dynamics of youth neo-tribes. Our results indicate the following: (1) The "706 Youth Space" embodies distinct neo-tribal attributes, including the mobility of its members, common feelings, rituals and symbols, and a shared space. As a neo-tribal space, the socialization of "706 Youth Space" includes emotional resonance and identification, memory generation, and imagination extension. This study supports the summary of the characteristics of neo-tribes in existing studies. Additionally, it reveals the temporal and spatial continuity, rhythm, and spatialization of the instantaneous outbreak of the neo-tribe and emphasizes the spatiality characteristics in the process of its socialization. (2) This study analyzes the relationship between the neo-tribe and its environment through the spatial strategy, and corrects the double illusion of the existing research on the spatial understanding of neo-tribes. The game strategy between the "706" youth neo-tribe and its environment is summarized as space contraction, stimulus diffusion, and space expansion strategy. The youth neo-tribe needs to be embedded in the real social space, and can be preserved and developed through strategic contraction and change. Through space extension strategies such as the opening of space and expansion of relationships, we can promote the connection with the place and make it a bridging space in terms of filling and extensibility of social relations. (3) This study analyzes the role of virtual and physical space in the formation of youth neo-tribes, the embodiment in their survival strategy, and the respective characteristics and relationships of virtual and physical space. Among them, in the formation, strengthening, and identification of neo-tribes, young people change from unfamiliar online members to offline physical space encounters through activities, and form temporary neo-tribes based on common feelings under the guidance of common interests and tastes. After the activity, young participants establish a sense of identity with the youth neo-tribe and apply to join the online community, thus continuing its existence through the virtual space. In terms of survival strategy, through the contraction of offline space, development of online space, and integration of online and offline, the youth neo-tribe realizes its adaptation to the external environment. The study overcomes the limitation of understanding the relationship between online and offline space from the functional viewpoint and reveals the synergy of such space in emotion, identity, and survival strategy of the neo-tribe.

"Zibo Barbecue," "Village Premier League," "Erbin Phenomenon," "Tianshui Spicy Hot Pot," "Wang Po Matchmaking," "Chengdu Disney," "London's Canary Wharf," and other phenomenal events at home and abroad have become popular on the Internet, shaping a new landscape of online and offline network technology and a new form of social space. The new comprehensive spatial effects of network technology and traffic orientation have led to clear changes in daily life, spatiotemporal structure, social organizational forms, relationships, placeness, and identity. However, academic research on this phenomenon has been insufficient. Against the backdrop of new media technology that promotes social change and frequently affects people's daily lives, further discussion is necessary. This study organized well-known experts and young scholars to conduct academic analysis of the digital practice of Internet-famous sites and the production of new spatial forms. Presenting scholars' understanding of and reflections on the phenomenal events of Internet-famous sites from different perspectives is conducive to enhancing deep understanding of new phenomena in academia. In practice, the presentation of this research can both be a reference and provide inspiration for network technology, spatial-order guidance, local construction, and socioeconomic development.

Abstract Lifestyle is an important factor affecting people's health. Evaluating and promoting healthy lifestyles among occupational population can not only improve work ability and efficiency, but also contribute to the prevention a variety of potential diseases. This study developed a preliminary index system based on literature review and group discussion. Two rounds of expert consultation were conducted on 12 experts using Delphi method. The questionnaire recovery rate of the two rounds of Delphi survey was over 85%, the expert authority coefficient was over 0.70, and Kendall W was 0.450 and 0.446, which were significant (P

【Objective】In long-distance optical communication systems, compensating fiber nonlinear impairment through traditional Digital Signal Processing (DSP) is difficult due to intractable interactions between Kerr nonlinearity, chromatic dispersion and amplified spontaneous emission noise. Machine learning algorithm can be used to further process signals on the basis of traditional DSP to mitigate fiber nonlinear impairment and improve long-distance transmission performance.【Methods】In this paper, the traditional Digital Back Propagation (DBP) algorithm is combined with Deep Neural Network (DNN), where the linear step size and nonlinear step size in DBP are taken as one neuron. It means that the linear step size is taken as the weight matrix of DNN, the nonlinear step size is taken as the activation function, and DSP is taken as the static layer of DNN. A DNN-based Learned Digital Back Propagation (LDBP) algorithm is proposed.【Results】In order to verify the feasibility of the proposed LDBP algorithm, the simulation was carried out in a single-channel polarization division multiplexing 16-ary Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) optical transmission system. The numerical simulation results demonstrate that the 1-step-per-span LDBP algorithm improves the optimal launched power from -2 dBm to 1 dBm in compared to linear equalization. Meanwhile, compared with DBP with the same computational complexity, the proposed algorithm improves Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) by 0.82 dB at the transmission distance of 1 200 km. In addition, compared with DBP with the same computational complexity and linear equalization, the SNR of the transmission system corresponding to LDBP method decreases more slowly with the increase of transmission distance, and the algorithm can work without knowing the link parameters, showing the characteristic of universality and robustness.【Conclusion】The proposed LDBP algorithm is more suitable for practical long-distance coherent optical communication system than the traditional DBP algorithm.

At present, new energy is introduced into the power system in large quantities. In order to make it replace the traditional hydropower and gas units as the black start power supply, segmentation restoration strategy of power grid based on the combined optical storage system is studied. Firstly, according to the structure and control mode of the optical storage system, the energy storage system establishes a stable grid-connected bus voltage is proposed, and the photovoltaic system is connected to the grid step by step. Secondly, in order to enhance the damping inertial support of photovoltaic power generation system, virtual synchronous control is proposed to be added to the inverter side of photovoltaic system. Finally, in the process of grid connection between the units to be started and the system load, the energy storage system is configured with additional damping controller to suppress the sub-synchronous oscillation generated by the grid black start, so as to ensure the stable recovery of the grid. In PSCAD/EMTDC, the electromagnetic transient simulation model of black start of the combined optical storage system is built and the simulation analysis is carried out. The results show that the busbar voltage deviation and system frequency deviation in the recovery process of the system are less than 0.65% and less than 1%, which meets the requirements of black start and verifies the feasibility of the start-up strategy proposed in the paper.

Abstract [Objective] We aim to investigate the morphological adaptation characteristics of peony in different habitats to the environment in the plain areas, and to provide references for peony conservation research and screening of high-quality germplasm resources. [Methods] The Central Plain peonies (Paeonia ostii ‘Fengdan’ and P .‘Luoyanghong’) and wild peonies (P . delavayi Franch, P . potanini, P . ludlowii, P . lutea (Tibet), P . lutea and P . qiui) were used as materials, and paraffin section technique was used to observe the leaf structure and analyze the related indexes. [Results] (1) The leaf epidermal morphology of the Central Plain peonies and wild peonies showed varying degrees of variation. The leaves were heterofacial, with the upper and lower epidermal cells were irregularly shaped, and the stomata was uniformly distributed in the lower epidermis. (2) The leaves and cuticles of P . ludlowii were thin. The palisade tissue was underdeveloped. The intercellular space was large and the stomatal density was high. The thickness of leaves, palisade tissue, and sponge tissue of P . lutea was the largest. (3) Stomatal density and epidermal thickness, chlorophyll b and chlorophyll a/b, total chlorophyll and chlorophyll a/b were significantly negatively correlated (P

Taiji-2 project is the second step of Taiji program, which is to verify the required technology for Taiji-3 mission. The feasibility study of Taiji-2 is successfully finished, and some of the main progress is introduced here.

The majority of esophageal squamous dysplasia (ESD) patients progress slowly, while a subset of patients can undergo recurrence rapidly or progress to invasive cancer even after proper treatment. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these clinical observations are still largely unknown.

In weak power grids， grid-connected inverters often suffer from poor robustness and significant harmonics. Moreover， model predictive control （MPC） heavily relies on system parameters， limiting its applicability in weak grids. To address these issues， a data-driven model-free predictive control （MFPC） strategy base on virtual voltage vectors for neutral-point clamped （NPC） three-level grid-connected inverters is proposed. Firstly， the MFPC based on virtual voltage vectors constructs numerous virtual voltage vectors through different switching sequences. Then， a cost function is utilized to pre-select and reduce the computational burden of the control algorithm. Finally， appropriate switching sequences are chosen for optimization to suppress neutral-point voltage fluctuations. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed strategy effectively mitigates neutral-point voltage fluctuations and grid current harmonics， while exhibiting robustness to parameter variations.

Background Under the background of an aging population, maintaining brain health has become an inevitable requirement of building a healthy China, and it is of great significance to carry out research on community populations' perceptions of cognitive impairment diseases. However, there is no suitable tools for investigating community populations' perceptions level of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) . Objective To develop a questionnaire on perceptions toward MCI and test its reliability and validity, so as to provide a basis for promoting the management of cognitive disorders. Methods On the basis of literature review and special group discussion, the theoretical framework of questionnaire was put forward and the items of the questionnaire were preliminarily worked out. Then the items were evaluated according to the results of two rounds of mail-based Delphi surveys conducted by 13 experts in related fields in April-May 2021. The description of the items was revised through pre-survey, and the items were analyzed through questionnaire survey by difficulty index analysis, discrimination analysis, correlation coefficient analysis, reliability and validity evaluation in October-December 2021, so as to further improve the questionnaire. Results (1) Delphi survey: The positive degree of experts in the two rounds of Delphi survey was 100.0% and 84.6%, and the expert authority coefficient were 0.858 and 0.845, respectively. The range of "importance" average score of each item in the two rounds of letter inquiry was 3.77-4.92 and 3.91-4.91, and the coefficient of variation of the two rounds was 0.056-0.246 and 0.061-0.213, respectively. The harmony coefficients of Kendall in the two rounds of consultation were 0.197 and 0.252, respectively (P

The anaerobic biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is challenging due to its toxic effect on the microbes. Microbial electrolysis cells (MECs), with their excellent characteristics of anodic and cathodic biofilms, can be a viable way to enhance the biodegradation of PAHs. This work assessed different cathode materials (carbon brush and nickel foam) combined with bioaugmentation on typical PAHs-naphthalene biodegradation and analyzed the inhibition amendment mechanism of microbial biofilms in MECs. Compared with the control, the degradation efficiency of naphthalene with the nickel foam cathode supplied with bioaugmentation dosage realized a maximum removal rate of 94.5 ± 3.2%. The highest daily recovered methane yield (227 ± 2 mL/gCOD) was also found in the nickel foam cathode supplied with bioaugmentation. Moreover, the microbial analysis demonstrated the significant switch of predominant PAH-degrading microorganisms from Pseudomonas in control to norank_f_Prolixibacteraceae in MECs. Furthermore, hydrogentrophic methanogenesis prevailed in MEC reactors, which is responsible for methane production. This study proved that MEC combined with bioaugmentation could effectively alleviate the inhibition of PAH, with the nickel foam cathode obtaining the fastest recovery rate in terms of methane yield. HIGHLIGHTS The microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) and bioaugmentation were combined to treat naphthalene.; A nickel foam-quipped MEC realized a maximum naphthalene removal rate.; PAH-degrading microbes changed from Pseudomonas to norank_f_Prolixibacteraceae in the MEC.; Hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis was responsible for methane production recovery.;

Objective To explore the causal relationship among 731 types of immune cells and breast cancer. Methods Genome-wide association data for immune cells and breast cancer were used. Mendelian randomization analysis was performed using the inverse variance weighting (IVW) and weighted median (WM) methods, and sensitivity analysis was conducted to assess heterogeneity and pleiotropy. Results A total of 19 immune cell phenotypes were identified to potentially have a causal association with breast cancer, using IVW as the main analysis method (P>0.05) and correcting P values using the false discovery rate method at a significance level of 0.05, excluding reverse causality. Of these, eight and 11 immune phenotypes may increase and decrease the risk of breast cancer, respectively. Conclusion This study explored the causal relationship between immune cells and breast cancer. Results show that certain immune cell phenotypes could serve as predictive markers for the early diagnosis of breast cancer and the development of new immunotherapeutic strategies.

Highland barley is a unique cereal in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of China, and has good effects on improving blood glucose metabolism. However, its specific hypoglycemic ingredients and compatibility are not yet clear. In this manuscript, the polyphenols, polysaccharides, and peptides in whole grain highland barley (WHB) were extracted. And the α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of 3 key active ingredients components and their interaction were investigated. The optimal reaction system for measuring α-glucosidase inhibitory activity using the microplate method was first determined through single factor experiments and Box-Benhnken response surface optimization experiments, i.e., 0.5 U/mL of enzyme concentration, 80 mmol/L of buffer concentration, and 5 mmol/L of substrate concentration. The results showed that all 3 WHB extracts exhibited good α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, with WHB polyphenols having the strongest inhibitory activity. Its inhibition rate reached 83.63% ± 2.92%, corresponding to an IC50 of 0.18 mg/mL. In addition, any 2 hypoglycemic ingredients combinations of the 3 WHB extracts had a certain synergistic effect. Our results will provide guidance for dietary choices in blood glucose control populations and new evidence for the development of functional foods.

Objective To establish an allogeneic rat model of endometriosis and to evaluate the effects of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist GenSci006 on experimental rat endometriosis. Methods Endometrium from SPF grade donor female SD rats were transplanted onto the abdominal wall of recipient female rats to construct an allogeneic endometriosis model. The rats undergoing sham surgery were divided into the sham group. Three weeks later, the length, width and height of the ectopic endometrium were measured, and the volume of the endometrium (V1) was calculated before drug administration. The modeling rats were randomly divided into four groups: model group, triptorelin group (0.25 mg/kg), GenSci006-1 group (0.125 mg/kg) and GenSci006-2 group (0.25 mg/kg). Each group had 16 rats and received a single dose of the corresponding drug. The sham group and model group were administered an equal volume of solvent. Three weeks after administration, ectopic endometrium was measured to calculate the volume V2 and inhibition rate. The effect of GenSci006 on rat uterus and ovarian tissues was assessed by comparing organ coefficients and changes in pathological sections. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure the levels of serum estradiol (E2), progesterone (P4), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH). Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR was used to detect the expression of GnRH receptor (GnRHR) mRNA in the hypothalamus and pituitary. Western blot was used to detect the expression of estradiol receptor alpha (ERα), beta (ERβ) and progesterone receptor (PR) in ectopic endometrium. Results Three weeks after administration, compared with the model group, the body weight of rats in the triptorelin and GenSci006-2 groups significantly increased (P < 0.05), while the volume of ectopic endometrium significantly decreased (P < 0.05). Compared with the sham group, the model group showed no significant changes in uterine and ovarian organ coefficients or endometrial thickness (P > 0.05). Compared with the model group, the uterine organ coefficients and endometrial thickness were significantly reduced in the triptorelin and GenSci006-2 groups (P < 0.05). Compared with the sham group, the serum levels of E2, P4, FSH and LH in the model group showed no significant changes (P > 0.05). Compared with the model group, the ovarian organ coefficient and serum P4 levels of rats in the Triptorelin, GenSci006-1, and GenSci006-2 groups were significantly reduced (P < 0.05), while the serum LH levels of rats in the GenSci006-1 group were significantly increased (P < 0.05). However, there were no significant changes in serum E2 and FSH levels in each group (P > 0.05). Compared with the model group, the expression levels of GnRHR mRNA in the pituitary tissue of rats in the triptorelin and GenSci006-2 groups were significantly downregulated (P < 0.05), with no significantly changes in the hypothalamus (P > 0.05). There were no significant changes in the expression level of GnRHR mRNA in the hypothalamus or the protein levels of ERα, ERβ and PR in the ectopic endometrial tissue in any group (P > 0.05). Conclusion The allogeneic endometriosis rat model is a suitable animal model for screening and evaluating drugs for treating endometriosis. The volume of ectopic endometrium, inhibition rate, uterine and ovarian organ coefficients, and serum E2 levels may serve as indicators for detecting drug efficacy.

Background Proactive health is an important measure to implement the Healthy China strategy. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is an important breakthrough point for early detection and intervention of cognitive impairment disorders and it is also a key link in the realization of brain health. Objective To activate the initial health intervention among community population and fully realize the construction of a healthy China by understanding the perceptions and medical willingness among community populations aged over 55 years in Shanghai. Methods From October to December 2021, one district of Shanghai's urban and suburban areas was randomly selected (Yangpu District for the urban area and Jiading District for the suburban area), and 1-2 community health service centers were randomly selected from each district (Daqiao Community Health Service Center and Dinghai Community Health Service Center for Yangpu District, and Jiading Town Community Health Service Center for Jiading District). An on-site face-to-face questionnaire survey was conducted among the residents waiting for outpatient consultation at the community health service centers in accordance with the inclusion criteria. The content of community populations' perceptions questionnaire included: (1) general demographic characteristics; (2) the level of MCI disease awareness among the community population; (3) the medical willingness of the community population. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the factors influencing the medical willingness of the community population. Results A total of 970 questionnaires were distributed and 951 valid questionnaires were recovered, with a valid recovery rate of 98.04%. (1) The total score of the community populations' perceptions questionnaire for MCI was (14.55±5.24), 51.3% (488/951) of the community populations were aware of "mild cognitive impairment", mainly through the media (61.7%, 301/488) ; 59.9% (570/951) of the populations believede that "mild cognitive impairment occurs in old age"; 14.1% (134/951) of the population had participated in relevant screening activities; 6.2% (59/951) had consulted a doctor for memory impairment or suspected cognitive impairment. (2) Univariate and multivariate analysis showed that family history of cognitive impairment, knowledge and understanding of MCI as well as personal experience were all influencing factors of community populations' medical willingness for MCI. Conclusion Community population aged over 55 years have poor MCI disease perceptions and poor medical willingness. The community populations with poor knowledge, biased understanding of MCI and lack of relevant practical experience had poor medical willingness. It is suggested that multi-angle publicity should be carried out to improve the perceptions of MCI disease in the community and provide comprehensive support, to improve the accessibility of proactive health, and explore effective ways to promote proactive health.

Pyroptosis induced by oxidative stress is a significant contributor to mental health disorders, including depression (+)-Catechin (CA), a polyphenolic compound prevalent in various food sources, has been substantiated by prior research to exhibit potent antioxidant properties and potential antidepressant effects. Nonetheless, the precise antidepressive mechanisms and effects of CA remain incompletely elucidated. In this study, we employed corticosterone (CORT) and PC12 cells to develop a cellular model of depression, aiming to investigate the protective effects of CA against CORT-induced cellular damage. Our objective was to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of protective action. We utilized transcriptomic analysis to identify differentially expressed genes and employed bioinformatics approaches to predict the potential mechanisms of CA’s protective effects in PC12 cells. These transcriptomic predictions were subsequently validated through western blot analysis. The findings indicated that CA possesses the capacity to mitigate oxidative stress and suppress pyroptosis in PC12 cells via the activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. This activation subsequently modulates the Nrf2/HO1/NF-κB pathways, thereby providing protection to PC12 cells against damage induced by CORT. Furthermore, we investigated the interaction between CA and the Keap1 protein employing molecular docking and protein thermal shift assays. We propose that CA can activate Nrf2 through two mechanisms to decrease reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and inhibit pyroptosis: one mechanism involves the activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, and the other involves direct binding to Keap1, leading to an increase in p-Nrf2.

Objective To investigate the neuroprotective effects and mechanisms of Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide (PACAP) in Parkinson's Disease (PD) animal models. Methods SD rats were divided into five groups: sham-operated group (Sham group), PD group (Parkinson's modeling group), PD + PACAP_low concentration group (modeling + 5 μg / kg of PACAP intranasal administration according to body weight), PD+ PACAP_medium concentration group (modeling + 10 μg / kg of PACAP intranasal administration according to body weight), PD+ PACAP_high concentration group (modeling + 20 μg / kg of PACAP intranasal administration according to body weight). Each group included 10 animals. The four PD models were established by injecting lipopolysaccharide solution into the substantia nigra of SD rats. The Sham group was operated in the same way but injected with saline. The behavioral performance of the rats was assessed using the rotarod test. The concentration of glutamate (Glu) and the levels of α-synuclein (α-syn) in the substantia nigra were detected using ELISA. The expression levels of α-syn in the substantia nigra, as well as those of κ-light chain of nuclear factoractivated B-cells (NF- κB) and inhibitor of nuclear factor κB (IκBα) were detected using WB analysis. Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR) was used to detect the mRNA expression levels of the rat nigral inflammatory factors Tumor Necrosis Factor α (TNF-α), Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), Interleukin-6 (IL-6). WB and immunofluorescence methods were used to detect the levels of nuclear transcription factor Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) to observe the activation level of astrocytes, and the TUNEL method was used to detect apoptosis in nigrostriatal neurons. Results (1) Behavioral results from the rotarod test indicated that compared to the Sham group, the PD group had a shorter latency and an increased number of falls (37.20±5.27 falls /min). In comparison to the PD group, the PACAP group showed a prolonged latency and a decreased number of falls (14.50±2.32 falls/min). As the concentration of PACAP increased, the latency in the PACAP group was prolonged, and the number of falls decreased (P

In order to investigate the effect of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens GSBa-1 on polyphenol synthesis and phenylpropanoid metabolism in Citrus medica L. var. sarcodactylis Swingle stored at normal temperature, C. medica L. var. sarcodactylis Swingle was soaked in a 1 × 108 CFU/mL suspension of B. amyloliquefaciens GSBa-1, taken out and air-dried before being stored at room temperature. The contents of total soluble solids (TSS) and titratable acids (TA), ethylene release, respiration intensity, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging capacity, H2O2 concentration, polyphenol content and enzyme activities related to the phenylpropane metabolic pathway were measured. The results showed that treatment with GSBa-1 reduced ethylene release and respiratory intensity, inhibited peel color change and fruit softening, induced an increase in phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) and cinnamate-4-hydroxylase (C4H) activities, rapidly promoted the synthesis of gallic acid and caffeic acid as representatives of phenolic acids, induced the accumulation of flavonoids and flavanols such as hesperidin, seroxin and diosmin, increased the contents of total phenols and total flavonoids, and improved DPPH radical scavenging capacity and H2O2 content and consequently fruit resistance. It can be concluded that B. amylolytic GSBa-1 can activate the phenylpropane metabolic pathway, and stimulate the synthesis and accumulation of polyphenols, thereby delaying post-ripening and senescence and improving storage quality of C. medica L. var. sarcodactylis Swingle.

A partially enclosed fault reservoir is a common reservoir type. The partially enclosed faults caused by low-order faults lead to different fluid flow and distribution laws of remaining oil between partially enclosed fault reservoirs and completely enclosed reservoirs. Through the existing technology， it is difficult to quantitatively describe the evolution law of the dominant flow channel in the deep part of the reservoir in the whole process of water flooding， which affects the efficient development of this kind of reservoir. Therefore， the physical model of a partially enclosed fault reservoir was designed and fabricated， and the water flooding experiment was carried out. The numerical inversion model was established according to the model parameters and experimental results. The dominant flow channel was quantitatively characterized based on the standardized flow rate algorithm. Then， the numerical inversion model was used to compare with the evolution law of the dominant flow channels in fault-free reservoirs and reveal the evolution law of the dominant flow channel in the physical model of the partially enclosed fault reservoir. The results show that the accumulative oil yield and the oil production rate of the production well in the fault-occluded area were low. The reduction of the flow area in the fault discontinuity led to the earliest breakthrough in the production well. Although the production wells on the other side of the fault had close oil production in the early stage， the blocking effect of the fault on injection water led to a higher flow diversion rate and the highest oil production rate in the late stage in the strongly fault-occluded area. During the anhydrous oil production period， a dominant flow area played a positive role in oil displacement， which developed into a spindle-shaped dominant flow channel at the bottom of the reservoir through vertical equilibrium distribution and “finger-shaped” distribution. After water production in each well， a dominant flow channel was formed from the injection well to the bottom of the production well， except for the strongly fault-occluded area. With the increase in injection volume， this channel developed in the vertical direction and around the production well and played a negative role in oil displacement. Compared with fault-free reservoirs， partially enclosed faults made the development of dominant flow channels lag in strongly fault-occluded areas and difficult water sweep in strongly fault-occluded areas， resulting in significant differences in the distribution of remaining oil in each area， and the remaining oil is concentrated in the upper part of the strongly fault-occluded area and near the faults in strongly fault-occluded areas.

Abstract [Objective] The Yarlung Zangbo River is the most important river in the Tibetan Plateau, and the study of aboveground biomass and species diversity of the Yarlung Zangbo River is of great significance for the understanding of grassland resources and ecological conservation in the region. [Methods] This study investigated the characteristics of vegetations along elevation gradients in the alpine meadows in the upper reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River, the distributional differences of aboveground biomass and species diversity along the gradients, and the relationship between aboveground biomass and species diversity. We also studied the effects of environmental factors on aboveground biomass and species diversity. [Results] (1) There was no significant relationship between aboveground biomass and elevation, temperature and precipitation (P >0.05). (2) Species diversity indices showed a significant negative correlation with elevations, and the Shannon-Weiner index (H ) and Patrick index (R) showed a declining trend with elevation. Species diversity showed a significant positive correlation with temperature and precipitation (P

The real-time monitoring of the molten steel flow in a mould during continuous casting holds significant importance in enhancing a product`s quality. The variation in the meniscus velocity of molten steel during actual production directly correlates with numerous critical defects in continuous casting products. Consequently, monitoring the speed, flow direction, and meniscus velocity variation becomes crucial to adjusting the process parameters and ensuring product quality control. This study utilises the open flow test section of a liquid metal loop platform to simulate the flow field of a mould`s liquid level. The investigation focuses on assessing the accuracy and reliability of Lorentz force velocimetry (LFV) to measure the liquid metal velocity. The electromagnetic sensitive area of LFV is explored through numerical simulation, and multiple sets of measurement experiments are conducted under various flow conditions. The study examines the influence of the measurement position and flow structure on the magnetic field action area and measurement results of LFV. To validate the velocity measurements obtained in this area, Ultrasonic Doppler Velocimetry (UDV) is employed for comparison and verification. The results demonstrate that LFV can accurately measure the horizontal velocity component within a depth range of 0 to 4 mm near the surface of the open flow. The relative error compared to UDV remains below 8%, and the fixed-point measurement can be sustained for over 20 minutes. These findings affirm the reliability and industrial applicability of LFV in measuring the horizontal velocity component near the surface of molten metal.

Abstract Background Research on the impact of COVID-19-induced home isolation on the physical fitness of college students is limited. This study aims to compare and analyze the physical fitness test scores of college students in two groups: those who experienced home isolation and those who did not, over three consecutive years after enrolment, to investigate the effects of home isolation on the physical fitness development of Chinese college students. Methods This comparative study included two longitudinal surveys conducted among medical college students. The participants were divided into an experimental group and a control group. The physical fitness indicators measured included body mass index (BMI), vital capacity (VC), 50-metre run, sit-and-reach, standing long jump, 1000/800-metre runs (males/females), pull-ups (males) and sit-ups (females). Repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was employed, and the Greenhouse-Geisser correction was applied when Mauchly’s assumption of sphericity was violated. Pairwise comparisons were conducted using the Bonferroni method. Results A total of 6580 students participated in the study, with 3360 students (1490 males, 1870 females) enrolled in 2019 as the experimental group and 3220 students (1326 males, 1894 females) enrolled in 2017 as the control group. All participants completed the physical fitness tests for three consecutive years. The results showed that the experimental group exhibited decreased performance in the 1000-metre and 800-metre runs, and improved performance in the sit-and-reach test. After the end of home isolation, there was an improvement in the performance of the 1000-metre run and 800-metre run, while no significant differences were observed in the trends of the other tested indicators. Conclusion The findings of this study indicate that the home isolation environment during COVID-19 had a significant impact on the physical fitness of college students, specifically in terms of endurance and flexibility qualities, as well as male BMI. To better prepare for future public health emergencies and mitigate the effects of isolation, teaching students endurance exercises that can be performed at home should be prioritized. Furthermore, physical education programs should be improved to enhance student flexibility.

ObjectiveTo understand the excess death and years of life lost of residents in a town in Shanghai after the control of COVID-19 liberalized.MethodsThe death information of the residents was obtained from the death registration report system， and the age specific population data was from the records of Shanghai Pudong public security registered residence system. The period from December 2015 to November 2022 was defined as before the liberalization， and the period from December 2022 to January 2023 was defined as after the liberalization. The SPSS 22.0 time series prediction expert modeler was used to estimate the expected number of deaths. For men and women under 60 years old， 60‒70， 70‒80， 80‒90， and over 90， the following parameters were calculated： expected number of deaths， actual number of deaths， number of excess deaths， excess rate， actual number of deaths， number of years of life lost， number of years of excess deaths， number of years of life lost， and number of years of life lost per capita of excess deaths.ResultsAfter the control of COVID-19 was liberalized， the expected deaths were 125， the actual deaths were 317， and the excess deaths were 192， with an excess rate of 153.60% （192/125）. The excess death accounted for 0.29% （192/66 703） of the total population. The highest excess rate was found in men over 90 years old （300.00%）， 70‒80 years old and women over 90 years old （283.33%， 258.82%， respectively）. Excess death increased with age. The life expectancy of the residents before the liberalization was 84.41 years， including 81.50 years for males and 87.36 years for females. After the liberalization， the life expectancy of residents was 79.88 years， including 77.24 years for men and 82.71 years for women. After the liberalization， the life expectancy of the residents decreased by 4.53 years， including 4.26 years for men and 4.65 years for women. After the liberalization， the average loss of life of the residents who died in excess was 11.60 years， including 11.91 years for men and 11.30 years for women.ConclusionAfter the control of COVID-19 was liberalized， more residents die， but most of them are elderly people over 70 years old.

Since ancient times, dams have been built to store water, control rivers, and irrigate agricultural land to meet human needs. By the end of the 19th century, hydroelectric power stations arose and extended the purposes of dams. Today, dams can be seen as part of the renewable energy supply infrastructure. The word dam comes from French and is defined in dictionaries using words like strange, dike, and obstacle. In other words, a dam is a structure that stores water and directs it to the desired location, with a dam being built in front of river valleys. Dams built on rivers serve various purposes such as the supply of drinking water, agricultural irrigation, flood control, the supply of industrial water, power generation, recreation, the movement control of solids, and fisheries. Dams can also be built in a catchment area to capture and store the rainwater in arid and semi-arid areas. Dams can be built from concrete or natural materials such as earth and rock. There are various types of dams: embankment dams (earth-fill dams, rock-fill dams, and rock-fill dams with concrete faces) and rigid dams (gravity dams, rolled compacted concrete dams, arch dams, and buttress dams). A gravity dam is a straight wall of stone masonry or earthen material that can withstand the full force of the water pressure. In other words, the pressure of the water transfers the vertical compressive forces and horizontal shear forces to the foundations beneath the dam. The strength of a gravity dam ultimately depends on its weight and the strength of its foundations. Most dams built in ancient times were constructed as gravity dams. An arch dam, on the other hand, has a convex curved surface that faces the water. The forces generated by the water pressure are transferred to the sides of the structure by horizontal lines. The horizontal, normal, and shear forces resist the weight at the edges. When viewed in a horizontal section, an arch dam has a curved shape. This type of dam can also resist water pressure due to its particular shape that allows the transfer of the forces generated by the stored water to the rock foundations. This article takes a detailed look at hydraulic engineering in dams over the millennia. Lessons should be learned from the successful and unsuccessful applications and operations of dams. Water resource managers, policymakers, and stakeholders can use these lessons to achieve sustainable development goals in times of climate change and water crisis.

The APETALA2/ethylene-responsive element binding protein (AP2/ERF) is a highly conserved transcription factors family, involved in plant growth, development, and response to diverse stress conditions. Until recently, the AP2/ERF family has not been functionally characterized in safflower. In total, 187 AP2/ERF genes were identified from safflower genome. Phylogenetic analysis divided these CtAP2/ERFs into four distinct groups: DREB, ERFs, AP2s, and RAV genes. Furthermore, conserved protein motifs, gene structure, and cis-regulatory elements suggested important evolutionary insights into the potential role of these CtAP2/ERFs. Moreover, a comprehensive gene expression analysis conducted across various flowering stages demonstrated a consistent expression pattern of CtDREB52, which exhibited a significant correlation with alterations in the total flavonoid content. Importantly, CtDREB52 was found to be responsive to UV-B stress, and its overexpression in safflower not only promoted flavonoid accumulation but also induced an early flowering phenotype and up-regulated key genes of flavonoid pathway, while its silencing showed the opposite effect. Further, the interaction between CtDREB52 and CtDFR and CtMYB enzymes was confirmed through yeast two-hybrid and BiFC analysis. These findings provide important insights into CtDREB52-mediated regulation of flavonoid biosynthesis under UV-B stress by interacting with CtDFR and CtMYB in safflower.

This research establishes a phrase-based statistical machine translation platform composed of multiple functional modules, including data preprocessing, word alignment, translation model training, ordering model training, language model training, decoding, and parameter optimization. Special emphasis is placed on the quality of bilingual word alignment, utilizing both the IBM model and the statistical collocation model to enhance alignment accuracy. The study reveals that this new platform significantly enhances translation efficiency across diverse corpora, such as legal documents, news articles, and parliamentary records. Notably, the translation of parliamentary records demonstrates a remarkable reduction in average translation time by 27.53% and a decrease in the number of decoding iterations by 56.46% when compared to System1 using the Baseline system. Furthermore, a BLEU-based evaluation indicates that the Baseline system consistently surpasses the comparison system in translating various text types. This study underscores the practical effectiveness of the developed translation platform and its contribution to the advancement of natural language processing technology.

This paper discusses the importance of integrating sports and education in colleges and its role in the overall development of students. The study first constructs a basic framework for sports education in colleges and universities, and then analyzes in depth the positive effects of the integration of sports and education on students’ character, temperament, as well as sports morality and will quality by setting up a regression analysis model and using statistical test methods. The study’s results showed that the integration of sport and education not only significantly enhanced students’ sports morality and will quality, but also significantly positively affected character and temperament building. This finding emphasizes the importance of strengthening the position of the physical education discipline in higher education to promote the holistic development of students. The results showed that the integration of physical education had a positive effect on character and temperament, Sig=0.000

Urban community renewal is committed to improving the material, socioeconomic, and cultural environments of the community and satisfying people's pursuit of a better life. However, there are various contradictions and problems in the process of urban renewal practice, which restrict the positive effects of community renewal, including the improvement of residents' happiness. Therefore, this study focuses on the impact of the community renewal process on residents' well-being, focusing on old communities with special social, historical, and cultural backgrounds in China. Taking a typical community in Nanjing as an example, based on data such as field research and questionnaire interviews, a structural equation model is used to construct a multidimensional framework. The influence of environmental changes brought about by community renewal on residents' subjective well-being is discussed from the two dimensions of material and social environment. The study draws three main conclusions: (1) In the dimension of material environment, community renewal significantly improves the subjective well-being of residents by effectively improving the material environment of the community. In addition, community renewal, as a proactive intervention on environmental conditions, promotes residents' community participation, and then improves their well-being through a mediating effect. (2) In the dimension of social environment, community renewal directly improves residents' subjective well-being by increasing community cohesion and trust. Adopting a community-centered, bottom-up approach to community renewal can improve community cohesion, enhance residents' resilience and well-being, as well as their willingness to give back to the community. The interactive mode of community belonging and identity, followed by the mediating effect of community cohesion and neighborhood interaction can stimulate community participation and indirectly improve subjective well-being. Good neighborhood interaction enables residents to establish behavioral attitudes that care about public affairs and interests. Neighborhood interaction also bring about information sharing, and the sharing of participation channels and effects can also drive more people to participate in community construction, thereby enhancing their sense of well-being. (3) The personal attributes of residents also have an impact on subjective well-being. Among the control variables in this study, health, age and income had a positive and significant effect on well-being. Self-rated health has the most significant positive impact on subjective well-being, followed by age and income. From the perspective of community social capital, this study explores the optimization of the social environment through the mediating role of community participation in the process of urban community renewal and community physical environment transformation. By understanding the emotional experiences and neighborhood evaluations of residents in the process of participating in community construction, the impact path of urban community renewal on their subjective well-being is revealed. This research will help to provide a basis for community renewal from different levels such as community renewal planning and management, social organization and promotion of community renewal, and so on. Such an approach will help realize the comprehensive optimization and improvement of the physical and social environment of the community, enhance the social capital of the community and the active participation of residents, reduce the negative impact of the renewal process, and improve the resident identity and sustainability of the renewal.

Let NN be a sufficiently large integer. In this article, it is proved that, with at most O(N112+ε)O\left({N}^{\tfrac{1}{12}+\varepsilon }) exceptions, all even positive integers up to NN can be represented in the form p12+p22+p33+p43+p53+p63{p}_{1}^{2}+{p}_{2}^{2}+{p}_{3}^{3}+{p}_{4}^{3}+{p}_{5}^{3}+{p}_{6}^{3}, where p1,p2,p3,p4,p5{p}_{1},{p}_{2},{p}_{3},{p}_{4},{p}_{5}, and p6{p}_{6} are prime variables. This result constitutes a large improvement upon the previous result of Liu [On a Waring-Goldbach problem involving squares and cubes, Math. Slovaca. 69 (2019), no. 6, 1249–1262].

Modifying the light–matter interactions in the plasmonic structures and the two-dimensional (2D) materials not only advances the deeper understanding of the fundamental studies of many-body physics but also provides the opportunities for exploration of novel 2D plasmonic polaritonic devices. Here, we report the plasmon-exciton coupling in the hybrid system with a plasmonic metasurface which can confine the electric field in an extremely compact mode volume. Because of the 2D feature of the designed and fabricated Al plasmonic metasurface, the confined electronic field is distributed in the plane with the same orientation as that of the exciton dipole moment in the transition metal dichalcogenides monolayers. By finely tuning the geometric size of the plasmonic nanostructures, we can significantly modify the dispersion relation of the coupled plasmon and the exciton. Our system shows a strong coupling behavior with an achieved Rabi splitting up to ∼200 meV at room temperature, in ambient conditions. The effective tailoring of the plasmon-exciton coupling with the plasmonic metasurfaces provides the testing platform for studying the quantum electromagnetics at the subwavelength scale as well as exploring plasmonic polariton Bose–Einstein condensation at room temperature.

Objective To investigate the effect of long-term dapagliflozin administration on sympathetic nervous activity in patients with diabetes and the underlying mechanism. Methods We included 100 patients with type 2 diabetes admitted to Heze Mudan People’s Hospital from June 2021 to July 2022. They were divided into diabetes group (50 cases) and dapagliflozin group (50 cases). The diabetes group received conventional treatment (metformin or acarbose), while the dapagliflozin group received conventional treatment plus dapagliflozin (10 mg, once daily). Both groups were treated for three months. We collected cli-nical data on body mass, body mass index, glucose metabolism, pancreatic islet function, renal function, cardiac function, and se-rum sympathetic nervous activity before and after treatment. The relationship between sympathetic activity and the protective effects of dapagliflozin on cardiac, renal and islet functions was analyzed. Results The two groups significantly differed in the differences in body mass, glucose metabolism, pancreatic islet function, and cardiac function (t=-5.57-4.65,P

Objective·To explore the effect of screening the expression of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) related to palmitoylation on prognosis of liver cancer based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and construct a risk prediction model in liver cancer.Methods·The sequencing data and the corresponding clinical information of 374 liver cancer tissues and 50 normal tissue samples were downloaded from TCGA database. The differential zinc finger aspartate-histidine-histidine-cysteine domain (ZDHHC) between liver cancer tissues and normal tissues was used to construct the expression profile of lncRNA related to ZDHHC. Furthermore, the prediction model was constructed by LASSO regression algorithm and the validity of the model prediction was verified to analyze the relationship between high-risk and low-risk groups and immune function and to predict the response to immunotherapy.Results·There were 20 differentially expressed ZDHHCs in hepatocellular carcinoma, among which 656 lncRNAs were correlated with differential ZDHHCs (all P

Partition operating system conforming to ARINC653 is widely used in airborne to support application software integration. Under the two-level scheduling model for partition operating system, the demanding real-time requirements of airborne software are usually difficult to obtain effective deterministic guarantee, so it is very important to analyze the schedulability of the system. Judging whether the scheduling table can meet the real-time requirements of the process in the partition through the schedulability analysis algorithm is an effective means to ensure that all processes in the system complete the computing task within the specified time. Based on the method of operations research and the introduction of virtual process, a schedulability analysis algorithm for multi partition system is designed, and the numerical verification is carried out. The verification results show that the algorithm can accurately judge whether the scheduling table matches the process time attribute, give the qualitative analysis conclusion of whether the system can be scheduled, help the system integrator to verify the rationality of the scheduling table before the actual operation of the system, and reduce the risk of test and flight test.

Train regenerative braking energy accounts about 10%~30% of the total traction energy, and its efficient utilization is of great importance to building green and low-carbon railway traction power supply system. Traditional railway traction power supply system consists of multiple independent sections, and energy cannot be transferred between sections. This restricts the utilization of regenerative energy in the traction power supply system. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a networked traction power supply system, where energy dispatching equipment is installed in the section post to connect adjacent sections. Topology of the networked traction power supply system and principles of the energy dispatching equipment are introduced in this paper, and energy dispatching equipment group's optimal strategy aimed for cost reduction is proposed too. The simulation result shows that compared with the traditional traction power supply system, the forward energy of networked traction power supply system can be reduced by 17.3%, and the maximum power of substation can be reduced by about 19.0%. The correctness and effectiveness of the networked traction power supply system's working principle and dispatching strategy are verified.

Thyristor rectifier is the main type of power supply in the field of nuclear fusion plasma research, and it is the power source driving the coil to generate the magnetic field. The traditional feedback control algorithm has the problems of slow response speed, large overshoot and long stabilization time, and it is difficult to meet the technical requirements amid the rapid changes and complex control of plasma load. For this reason, a new feedforward and feedback fast dynamic response algorithm is designed in this paper. The algorithm calculates the commutation voltage drop of thyristor and the voltage drop on reactor and thyristor through quantitative analysis, and added a given reference value as the feedforward voltage. The trigger angle of thyristor is quickly calculated by using feedforward voltage control as the main method and feedback voltage control as the auxiliary method. The results of application in WEST divertor coil power supply of the French Atomic Energy Commission show that the new algorithm has very good fast dynamic response performance compared to the traditional feedback voltage control based algorithm without feedforward voltage control. The full power step response time of the power supply can reach within 2 ms from startup to stability, the response speed is improved by 90%, and at the same time, it can realize zero overshoot.

Ovarian cancer is the second leading cause of death in women with gynecological malignancy in China. Circular RNAs are a class of noncoding regulatory RNAs reported to be involved in cancer development and progression. Previous studies, including our own, have indicated that hsa_circ_0007444 is downregulated in ovarian cancer tissues. This study aims to elucidate the function and mechanism of hsa_circ_0007444 in ovarian cancer progression. The expression of hsa_circ_0007444 is determined by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Cell proliferation, invasion, migration and apoptosis are examined by cell counting-kit 8 (CCK-8), transwell and flow cytometry assays. Tumor growth and metastasis are assessed in vivo using Balb/c nude mouse xenograft model and tail vein injection model. And the mechanism of action of hsa_circ_0007444 is analysed by RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP), luciferase reporter and rescue assays. hsa_circ_0007444 is downregulated in ovarian cancer tissues and cell lines compared with that in normal ovarian tissues and normal epithelial cell line. Gain- and loss-of-function results indicate that hsa_circ_0007444 inhibits cell proliferation, invasion, migration and increases cell apoptosis of ovarian cancer cells in vitro, and inhibits tumor growth and lung metastasis in vivo. Mechanistically, hsa_circ_0007444 can interact with AGO2 and sponge miR-23a-3p, thereby upregulating DICER1 expression, which is an important tumor suppressor in ovarian cancer. And miR-23a-3p mimics can rescue the inhibitory effect of hsa_circ_0007444 on ovarian cancer cell proliferation, invasion and migration. Therefore, hsa_circ_0007444 can inhibit ovarian cancer progression through the hsa_circ_0007444/miR-23a-3p/DICER1 axis.

High speed directly modulated semiconductor laser offers high speed transmission rate with high reliability and low cost, making it a cost-effective light source choice for 5th Generation Mobile Communication Technology (5G) fronthaul and data center applications.There have been many researches on the performance improvement of high-speed directly modulated semiconductor lasers.This paper reviews the development of high-speed semiconductor lasers from the aspects of uncooled wide-temperature operation research and ultra-high-speed bandwidth improvement.We also briefly introduce our work in this area.

Biodiversity plays an important role in providing ecosystem services and maintaining ecosystem stability, which are closely related to human welfare. The identification of biodiversity hotspots and analysis of their threats provide effective ways for biodiversity conservation and restoration. Current studies generally combine species diversity and its threat situation to determine hotspots for priority protection. However, in-depth analysis of threats to biodiversity hotspots is still lacking. Guangdong Province is one of the key biodiversity areas in the world, but it faces great challenges in biodiversity preservation. To understand biodiversity hotspots and their threats in Guangdong Province more completely, this study developed a heat index for terrestrial biodiversity by considering plant species diversity, animal species diversity, and landscape diversity based on multi-source data of plant and animal species, ecosystem stand types, and land use. Then, the heat index was used to identify biodiversity hotspots, and their threat levels and controlling factors were analyzed according to the major threats to biodiversity. The results showed that areas with high values of terrestrial biodiversity heat index were mainly distributed in mountainous regions with relatively few human disturbances, whereas most areas with low values were concentrated in estuarine plains and intermontane basins with heavy human activities. Based on the zonation of the heat index, four biodiversity hotspots were identified, Yunwu Mountain, Nanling Mountain, Luofu Mountain, and Lianhua Mountain, with area percentages of 15.54%, 44.90%, 17.66%, and 21.90%, respectively. The area of biodiversity hotspots was 59,931.82 km2, accounting for 33.58% of the total land area of Guangdong Province. The 122 nature reserves within hotspots had an area of 6,594.39 km2, covering 61.33% of the whole area of the total 204 terrestrial nature reserves in Guangdong Province. This proportion gradually decreased with reduction of nature reserve grade, indicating that the nature reserves in hotspots were principally at a higher grade (nation and province levels) rather than at a lower grade (city and county levels). However, the area of these nature reserves in hotspots was only 11.00% of the whole area of hotspots, and most of the nature reserves that were not distributed in hotspots were located in the northeastern cities of Heyuan and Meizhou. Therefore, a large number of potential demands for biodiversity conservation still exist. For the four hotspots, the biodiversity in Yunwu Mountain was primarily under moderate to severe stress, with the intensity of economic development as the controlling factor. The biodiversity of the other three hotspots mainly underwent slight to moderate stress. The most important threat was the extensive economic development of the central part of Nanling Mountain and the southern parts of Luofu Mountain and Lianhua Mountain, whereas the periphery of Nanling Mountain and the northern parts of Luofu Mountain and Lianhua Mountain were more threatened by habitat quality or geological hazards. In addition, extreme stress on biodiversity occurred in all four hotspots, although within very small areas. Thus, more targeted management strategies for biodiversity should be proposed according to the stress levels and controlling threats. The results of this study provide a scientific reference for the comprehensive conservation and precise restoration of biodiversity hotspots in Guangdong Province.

Defects such as pores, slag inclusions, and cracks account for a high proportion of the girth weld defects of wind power towers, which seriously affect the safe operation of wind power towers. Therefore, the strength analysis of the girth welds of wind power towers with typical defects has important engineering application value. Taking a 2 MW wind power tower as the research object, we used regular hollow spheres, semi-cylinders and hollow rectangles to characterize the defects. With the failure criterion based on yield strength, the strength analysis of girth weld defects with different types, sizes and locations under three ultimate load cases was carried out. The research shows that for a single spherical pore defect, with the increase of the pore radius from 2 mm to 8 mm, the maximum equivalent stress of the girth weld of the tower increases, and the closer the pore is to the inner and outer surfaces of the wind turbine tower, the greater the maximum equivalent stress is for crack defects , the maximum equivalent stress increases with the increase of the crack defect length, but when the defect length is greater than 25 mm, the maximum equivalent stress tends to decrease. Under the Fxy, max condition, the yield strength is exceeded, which affects the safety of the wind power tower. This research will provide a theoretical reference for the safety determination of actual wind power towers with welding defects.

Septic cardiomyopathy is associated with mechanisms such as excessive inflammation, oxidative stress, regulation of calcium homeostasis, endothelial dysfunction, mitochondrial dysfunction, and cardiomyocyte death, and there is no effective treatment at present. MOTS-c is a mitochondria-derived peptide (MDP) encoded by mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) that protects cells from stresses in an AMPK-dependent manner. In the present study, we aim to explore the protective effect of MOTS-c on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced septic cardiomyopathy. LPS is used to establish a model of septic cardiomyopathy. Our results demonstrate that MOTS-c treatment reduces the mRNA levels of inflammatory cytokines ( IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, and TNFα) in cardiomyocytes and the levels of circulating myocardial injury markers, such as CK-MB and TnT, alleviates cardiomyocyte mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress, reduces cardiomyocyte apoptosis, activates cardioprotection-related signaling pathways, including AMPK, AKT, and ERK, and inhibits the inflammation-related signaling pathways JNK and STAT3. However, treatment with the AMPK pathway inhibitor compound C (CC) abolishes the positive effect of MOTS-c on LPS stress. Collectively, our research suggests that MOTS-c may attenuate myocardial injury in septic cardiomyopathy by activating AMPK and provides a new idea for therapeutic strategies in septic cardiomyopathy.

Listeria monocytogenes （L. monocytogens） is a common foodborne pathogen that can become a potential source of food contamination by forming single or multi-species biofilms through population induction on the surface of stainless steel of food processing equipment. Quaternary disinfectants are commonly used for cleaning and disinfection of processing equipment surfaces in food plant， while L. monocytogenes biofilms are tolerant to it through various mechanisms， such as active efflux pump system， stress response and gene regulation. In this paper， the formation and tolerance mechanisms of L. monocytogenes biofilms are reviewed， and the applications of physical disinfection and new combined disinfection technologies for foodborne L. monocytogenes prevention and control in recent years are summarized to provide ideas for the development of new and efficient disinfection technology， as well as to supply important references for enterprises to establish the control measures for L. monocytogenes and other microbial.

Artificial intelligence has been applied to many fields successfully and saved many human and material resources. The intelligent examination system is a typical application case, which makes teachers can not only master the study situation of every candidate at any time but also design further study plans with the help of the examination system. A self-optimization examination system is shown in this paper, which is carried out by an improved particle swarm optimization. The intelligent examination system can surmount two difficulties shown in the construction of the traditional examining system, one is the setting of the attributes of the examination questions, and another is the maintenance of the database of the examination questions. The experiment shows that the novel method can not only optimize the attributes of the questions in the examination database intelligently but also maintain the examination database effectively through massive training.

Objective To investigate the effects and molecular mechanisms of mechano-growth factor (MGF) on the proliferation and differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs). Methods PDLSCs were obtained using magnetic bead sorting. Flow cytometry was performed to identify biomarkers. The clonogenicity and multidifferentiation potential of PDLSCs were identified by colony-forming unit, osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation assays. A CCK8 assay was used to detect the cell activity under different concentrations of mechano-growth factors (MGF-Ct24E). Western blot was used to detect the protein expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA), Scleraxis, collagen type I alpha 1 (COL1A1）, Osterix, Yes-associated protein (YAP) and phosphorylation Yes-associated protein (P-YAP）in PDLSCs. YAP protein expression was observed by immunofluorescence. Knockdown of YAP expression by a siRNA, detected the expression of PCNA, Scleraxis and COL1A1under MGF-Ct24E in PDLSCs. Results PDLSCs showed high expression of stem cell markers (CD29, CD90 and CD105) and low expression of hematopoietic markers (CD34 and CD45). PDLSCs also have a strong ability to clone. Red calcium junctions were observed by Alizarin red staining, and red lipid droplets were observed by Oil red O staining. After treatment with 50 ng/mL and 100 ng/mL MGF-Ct24E for 24 h, the cell activity of periodontal ligament stem cells was significantly enhanced (P

In order to more accurately predict the development process of coal spontaneous combustion and take effective preventive measures in time, we used a self-developed temperature-programming experimental device, took fresh coal samples from Qingshuiying in Ningxia and Dafosi Coal Mines as the research objects, and obtained the gas volume fraction and gas components produced by two experimental coal samples at different oxidation temperatures, and analyzed the gas variation law of experimental coal samples at low temperature oxidation stage, and determined the characteristic temperatures of the two experimental coal samples. At the same time, three methods of multi-parameter index method, gas growth rate analysis method and Graham coefficient are used to comprehensively analyze and predict the oxidation process of experimental coal samples. The results show that the CO, CO2, CH4, C2H6, C2H4 gases are all positively correlated with temperature during the experiment; CO gas, CO2 gas, and the second fire coefficient R2 can be used as the main gas indicators for predicting the spontaneous combustion of the two experimental coal samples; CH4, C2H6, C2H4 gases, the first fire coefficient R1 and the third fire coefficient R3 are used as auxiliary gas indicators; the critical temperature of Qingshuiying coal sample is 60-80 ℃; dry cracking temperature is 110-125 ℃. The critical temperature of Dafosi coal sample is 60-75 ℃; the dry cracking temperature is 80-100 ℃.

With the rapid development of the Internet in this era, the traditional power grid is no longer able to meet the growing demand of the people for electricity. In order to realize a new generation of power system with comprehensive sensing, reliable transmission, intelligent processing and interconnection, the State Grid proposes the strategic goal of developing ubiquitous power IoT. Firstly, the concept and basic architecture of ubiquitous power IoT are elaborated, and then the main key technologies of the architecture of power energy consumption monitoring and management system are explained. The power quality parameters are measured and calculated, and the G1 method, which is computationally small and does not require consistency testing, is used to determine the subjective weights in the power quality evaluation process, which can truly reflect the power quality level of power grids in different regions. The information entropy method is used to determine the objective weights in the process of power quality evaluation to solve the error of artificially determined weights, and the combination of subjective weights and objective weights can more truly reflect the influence of each index on the comprehensive level of power quality. The results of the study show that PV is rated between 2 and 3 good when grid-connected and off-grid, and wind turbines are rated between 3 and 4 medium when grid-connected and off-grid. The results of the integrated assessment levels are in line with the actual situation and can meet the growing demand for electricity.

Gearbox is widely used in petrochemical, shipbuilding, electric power and construction machinery, etc., and its fault monitoring and diagnosis technology is always a hot issue. A gearbox fault diagnosis method based on DS evidence theory, which integrates oil and vibration with multiple parameters is proposed. Aiming at the problem that the traditional single vibration signal analysis method is not sensitive to gear wear in the early stage, radial basis function（RBF） neural network is used to establish the classification model of the fusion of vibration time domain features and oil features. Vibration frequency-domain features are extracted adaptively based on high-dimensional variational autoencoder and fault classification is completed. Different evidence bodies obtained by RBF neural network and high dimensional variational autoencoder are fused by weighted DS evidence theory to obtain the final diagnosis result. Compared with different fusion methods, the effectiveness of the proposed method in gear fault diagnosis is verified.