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Gospodarjenje s pol naravnimi travišči se v Evropi spreminja po obsegu in po intenzivnosti. Spremembe predstavljajo resno grožnjo enim vrstno najbolj bogatih habitatov v Evropi, zato je potrebno ocenjevati spremembe v vrstni sestavi z znanstveno metodo. Opisujemo novo metodologijo, ki stremi h (i) kvantifikaciji časovnih sprememb v vrstni sestavi pol naravnih travišč ter (ii) opredelitvi dejavnikov okolja in gospodarjenja, ki vodijo v spremembe. Naš pristop temelji na diakronični analizi historičnih fitocenoloških podatkov v povezavi z natančnimi vegetacijskimi kartami. Za opis in preverjanje metodologije smo leta 2013 ponovno obiskali 24 starejših ploskev travišč z vrsto Bromus erectus, mi smo jih prvič vzorčili leta 1982. Za izbiro novih vzorčnih mest smo kombinirali topografske in tipološke informacije, ki so na voljo za starejše ploskve, s prostorskimi informacijami na povezani karti. Stopnjo sprememb vrstne sestave smo izračunali z ordinacijskimi metodami; uporabili smo multivariatne razdalje v regresijski analizi za opredelitev okoljskih dejavnikov odgovornih za vzorec sprememb vrstne sestave. Z našim primerom smo pokazali, da se je vrstna sestava v zadnjih 30 letih značilno spremenila, na vzorec sprememb pa sta bistveno vplivala topografija in krajinska sestava.

We present a method for the identification of an ecological network of land in the province of Rome (Lazio, Italy) on a local scale (1:50,000), based on the integration of a multi-taxon approach with a hierarchical landscape classification using information on landscape pattern, the local distribution of vascular flora, vertebrate fauna and habitat remnants, as well as the existing protected area systems. This work was carried out as part of the province of Rome planning scheme. Nous présentons une méthode pour identifier un réseau territorial écologique dans la région de Rome (Latium, Italie), à l’échelle locale (1:50.000), qui se fonde sur l’utilisation d’une approche multi-taxons avec une classification hiérarchisée des paysages établie en fonction du modèle paysager, de la distribution locale de la flore vasculaire, de la faune vertébrée et des restes en matière d’habitat, aussi bien que des ensembles des zones protégées existants. Ce travail a été réalisé dans le cadre du schéma planificateur de la région de Rome., Semestrale di studi e ricerche di geografia, N. 2 (2008): Flussi, Reti e Sistemi Informativi Geografici, tra presente e futuro a cura di Cristiano Pesaresi

The aim of the present paper is to illustrate the basic data and the methodological approach proposed for the implementation of Action 5 of the European Biodiversity Strategy in Italy. In particular, it focuses on a model for ecosystem mapping and characterisation at the country level that has been built with the interdisciplinary involvement of geobotanists, functional ecologists, forest scientists and zoologists. The first operational steps of the model are based on the cartographic integration between potential natural vegetation, biogeographic regions, and land cover maps. The final step entails characterising the mapped ecosystems in terms of Habitats Directive, local occurrence of threatened plant species and faunal components. The model is going to be tested in Italy, but should also be applied elsewhere in Mediterranean Europe, especially in those countries that have a comparable ecological complexity.

The introduction of ecological networks into nature conservation policies promotes a new planning model for maintaining biological and landscape diversity and assisting policy sectors in the conservation of natural ecosystems. We propose a method to design an ecological network of sites that satisfy the main ecological needs of species, community and ecosystems by analysing the pattern of natural elements in the land mosaic. We define the concept of land ecological network (LEN) and design the LEN in the province of Rome (Lazio, Italy) on a local scale (1:50,000). The LEN is composed of core areas, buffer zones and landscape connections each of which has its own management regime. This work was carried out as part of the province of Rome planning scheme, which represents a prescriptive document of General Provincial Territorial Plan of Rome. The LEN integrates ecological data with a hierarchical land classification and provides a scientifically sound basis for conservation strategies at different...

Montevecchio (SW-Sardinia) are presented. The statistic analysis of the relevés let to recognize 14 plant communities. The hygrophilous communities have been ascribed to the class Phragmito-Magnocaricetea, the hemicryptophytic mesohygrophilous ones to Juncetea maritimi, the therophytic to Tuberarietea guttatae and the hemicryptophytic mesoxerophilous to Lygeo-Stipetea. The most interesting vegetation types turned out to be the chamaephytic and nanophanerophytic ones, both kinds are belonging to sardo-corsican endemic alliances: Ptilostemono casabonae-Euphorbion cupanii and Teucrion mari, respectively. The first alliance comprises pebble vegetation with distinctive ecological preferences, as they are able to colonize substrata polluted by heavy metal, with low pH values. Within this alliance, 4 new associations have been recognized: Scrophularietum bicoloris, Dactylo hispanicae-Helichrysetum tyrrhenici, Mercurialido corsicae-Euphorbietum cupanii and Dauco maritimi-Dittrichietum viscosae, the latter with two subassociations (typicum and rumicetosum glaucescentis). As to the Teucrion mari, 1 new association and 1 subassociation have been described (Helichryso tyrrhenici-Genistetum sulcitanae and Stachydi glutinosae-Genistetum corsicae euphorbietosum cupanii), found on aged mining dumps, where the long abandonment made possible the beginning of the pedogenetic processes. The present study let to reconstruct the vegetation dynamics, that in the mining areas are clearly differing from the surrounding territory. It was possible to identify two special series, strictly related to these habitats and verging to the establishment of plant communities pertaining to the climatophilous series: the first is developing on coarse, hard-sloping debris, with very low water retention; the second is developing on fine-grained and coherent materials, found on flattened or gently-sloping sites, with high edaphic humidity. In wetlands, it was also possible to identify an edaphohygrophilous series and a geoseries of endoreic water bodies, not exclusive of the mining habitats.