Search

免疫检查点抑制剂能有效增强机体的免疫反应，进而达到重新激发抗肿瘤免疫监视的效果，但会引起一系列免疫相关不良反应（irAEs）。irAEs的临床疾病谱复杂，目前的机制研究尚不深入，临床诊治中往往会借鉴传统风湿病的诊治经验。irAEs治疗方案的选择需警惕药物的副作用，以及降低免疫检查点抑制剂抗肿瘤效应的风险。本文从免疫学角度概述了介导irAEs的关键的病理生理机制，总结当前可用的药物及有前景的生物制剂和小分子靶向药物，以提供未来针对irAEs进行个性化治疗的解决方案。.

A search for exotic dark matter (DM) in the sub-GeV mass range has been conducted using 205 kg$\cdot$day data taken from a p-type point contact germanium detector of CDEX-10 experiment at China Jinping underground laboratory. New low-mass dark matter searching channels, neutral current fermionic DM absorption ($\chi+A\rightarrow \nu+A$) and DM-nucleus 3$\rightarrow$2 scattering ($\chi+\chi+A\rightarrow \phi+A$), have been analyzed with an energy threshold of 160 eVee. No significant signal was found. Thus new limits on the DM-nucleon interaction cross section are set for both models at sub-GeV DM mass region. A cross section limit for the fermionic DM absorption is set to be $\rm 2.5\times 10^{-46} cm^2$(90\% C.L.) at DM mass of 10 MeV/c$^2$. For the DM-nucleus 3$\rightarrow$2 scattering scenario, limits are extended to DM mass of 5 MeV/c$^2$ and 14 MeV/c$^2$ for the massless dark photon and bound DM final state, respectively., Comment: 5 pages, 7 figures

Birth cohort is an important platform to study the effect of early-life exposure on health outcome, but large cohorts to investigate the effect of preconception exposure, especially paternal exposure, on reproductive health and birth outcome are limited. The Preconception Reproductive Health and Birth Outcome Cohort (PREBIC) is a prospective birth cohort study which pays equal attention to the contribution of environmental, psychological, behavioral as well as other factors to reproductive health and adverse birth outcomes in both men and women in Chongqing, China. PREBIC started in 2019 and plans to recruit 20 800 reproductive-age couples with child-bearing willingness. Followed up was conducted to understand the conception status of the women within two years. Women in pregnancy would be visited at first, second, third trimesters and after delivery. The offspring would be monitored until 2 years old to understand the incidences of preterm birth, low birth weight, birth defects, neurodevelopmental disorders and other outcomes. Related information and biospecimen collections (including semen, peripheral blood, urine, placenta, umbilical cord, cord blood and oral swab) were scheduled in each period. By January 2022, PREBIC had recruited 8 698 participants from all 38 districts in Chongqing. The goal of PREBIC is to establish one of the largest prospective preconception birth cohorts covering both men and women, which might provide a unique insight to understand the effects of the full reproductive cycle on reproductive health and adverse outcomes, with especial emphasis on preconception exposures.出生队列是研究生命早期暴露对健康结局影响的重要工具，但目前缺乏有力支撑孕前暴露特别是父系暴露对生殖健康和妊娠结局影响研究的大型队列平台。重庆市孕前生殖健康与出生结局队列研究是起始于孕前阶段，同等关注男女双方的环境、心理、行为等暴露因素对生殖健康和不良妊娠结局影响的前瞻性队列研究。项目于2019年正式启动，计划招募有生育意愿的育龄夫妇20 800人。通过随访，调查志愿者2年内是否自然受孕。对进入妊娠期的女性志愿者，在孕早、中、晚期进一步随访，并对分娩的子代随访至2岁，监测早产、低出生体重、出生缺陷、神经功能发育障碍等结局发生情况。各阶段分别采集相应的数据信息和生物样本，包括精液、外周血、尿液、胎盘、脐带、脐带血、口腔拭子等。截至2022年1月，已纳入志愿者8 698人，分布于重庆市所有38个区/县。本队列建设目标是成为涵盖父母双方的前瞻性大样本孕前出生队列，将以独特的设计和更加全面的视角阐明全生育周期特别是孕前期暴露因素对生殖健康和不良出生结局的影响及机制。.

伴CD20和CD79α异常表达的非特殊类型外周T细胞淋巴瘤（PTCL）极为罕见，本文报道1例发生于胃部的病例。虽然T细胞标志物和B细胞标志物同时阳性，但T细胞受体克隆性基因重排阳性明确了诊断。本文分析了该PTCL呈CD20和CD79α阳性表达的可能原因，且包含CD20单克隆抗体利妥昔单抗在内的R-CDOP（利妥昔单抗，环磷酰胺，脂质体多柔比星，长春地辛，醋酸泼尼松）治疗方案对患者具有一定疗效，为深入了解此种病例的临床病理学特征、治疗及预后提供参考依据。.

The knowledge of high-pressure behavior of LiH is significant for the validation of fundamental theoretical models and applications in thermonuclear materials and potential energy supplies. The compressibility of7LiH under isentropic compression at high pressure was investigated experimentally and theoretically. The experimental technique for quasi-isentropic compression with low-density materials was developed using the magnetocumulative generator CJ-100 and x-ray flash radiography. The x-ray images and extracted interface of the sample target in dynamic flash radiography experiments were obtained. According to each interface size of the target both before and after compression, the compression ratio of7LiH and reference material aluminum was obtained. The density of the reference and using its known isentropic curve provide the pressure in the reference. The pressure in7LiH was deduced from the pressure in the reference and using the calculated gradient correction factor. The quasi-isentropic data point at 438 GPa was obtained experimentally. A semiempirical three-term complete equation of state was constructed and validated for7LiH using the theory of Mie–Grüneisen–Debye with experimental data from the literature. The quasi-isentrope data point is reasonably consistent with the theoretical results. The quasi-isentropic experimental techniques and results broaden the existing research scope and are practical and helpful to further validate theoretical models in the future.

Mango (

We aimed to explore the associations of the ATP2B1 gene polymorphisms with eclampsia.A total of 150 patients with eclampsia (disease group) and 150 healthy pregnant women (control group) were taken as the subjects of study. The peripheral blood of the two groups of subjects was collected to extract deoxyribonucleic acids (DNAs), and the ATP2B1 gene rs71454161, rs73196661 and rs73196675 polymorphisms were detected by sequencing the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) products, and then, analyzed combined with gene expression determined via Reverse Transcription-quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR) and clinical indicators, such as 24-h urine protein, platelets, and LDH.A difference was observed in the allele distribution of ATP2B1 gene rs71454161 (p=0.000) and rs73196661 (p=0.011) between the disease group and control group. Disease group exhibited higher frequencies of allele G of rs71454161 and allele T of rs73196661 than control group. Besides, there was a difference in the genotype distribution of ATP2B1 gene rs71454161 (p=0.000), rs73196661 (p=0.000) and rs73196675 (p=0.000) between disease group and control group. Disease group exhibited higher frequencies of genotype GG of rs71454161, genotype TT of rs73196661 and genotype CG of rs73196675 than control group. Moreover, a difference in the distributions of ATP2B1 gene rs71454161 (p=0.000) and rs73196661 (p=0.014) was found between the two groups in the dominant model. Disease group exhibited lower frequencies of AA+AG of rs71454161 and CC+CT of rs73196661 than control group in the dominant model. Differences in the distributions of haplotypes ACC (p=0.000), ATC (p=0.047) and GTC (p=0.000) of ATP2B1 gene rs71454161, rs73196661 and rs73196675 were observed between disease group and control group. Furthermore, a high degree of linkage disequilibrium was detected between rs71454161 and rs73196661 (D'=0.329). The ATP2B1 gene rs73196675 polymorphism was evidently correlated with the gene expression of ATP2B1 (p0.05), and the patients with genotype GG had a lower expression level of ATP2B1. The ATP2B1 gene rs71454161 was evidently correlated with the 24-h urinary protein in eclampsia patients (p=0.021), and the patients with genotype AG had a higher level of 24-h urinary proteins. The rs73196661 polymorphism was significantly correlated with LDH (p=0.000), and the patients with genotype CC had a higher level of LDH.The ATP2B1 gene polymorphism was significantly correlated with the occurrence and progression of eclampsia.

In this work, the static softening behaviour of GH4500 superalloy during the two-pass thermal deformation was investigated via thermal-simulation compression experiments at the temperature range of 1293 K to 1373 K, strain rate range of 0.01 s−1 to 1 s−1 and interval time range of 0 s to 180 s. The metallographic structure acquired from optical microscope (OM) indicated that both static recovery (SRV) and post dynamic recrystallization (PDRX) would occur during the holding stage. Meanwhile, the influence of interval time, deformation temperatures and strain rates on static softening behaviour were revealed. The results showed that the softening effects principally induced by PDRX strengthened with the increase of the interval time, deformation temperatures and strain rates. To quantitatively describe the PDRX kinetic process of GH4500 superalloy, a model on grounds of Avrami kinetics was established to predict the PDRX softening fraction via eliminating the effect of static recovery. The predicted data of the PDRX softening fraction were well consistent with the experimental data, manifesting that the model could precisely evaluate the PDRX softening behaviour in the stage of inter-pass holding.

With the iterative development of industrialization and automation, more and more mechanical and electrical equipment rely on the joint operation of multiple motors, and the efficient operation of mechanical and electrical equipment benefits from the reliable cooperative control of multiple motors. Therefore, to ensure the stability of multi-motor coordination control and improve the precision of multi-motor coordination control has important practical significance. In this paper, the multi-motor master-slave controls structure and ring-coupling control structure with random disturbance are simulated and analyzed, and it is verified that the annular coupling control structure has stronger anti-interference ability and higher control accuracy under random load disturbance in the case of four-motor coordinated control.

This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of propofol (PR) pretreatment inducing high heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression to protect alveolar type II epithelial cells (AEC-II) in rats with acute lung injury (ALI) induced by oleic acid (OA). In this study, 32 male Sprague-Dawley rats (250 - 300 g) were randomly divided into four groups (n = 8 in each group) as follows: group C (the normal control group), the OA group (the oleic acid injury control group), the OA + PR group (the PR pretreatment group), and the OA + IX group (the zinc porphyrin IX pretreatment group). Arterial blood gases, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and serum pulmonary surfactant-associated protein A (SP-A) were measured in each group. The changes in the AEC-II ultrastructure were observed under an electron microscope. The HO-1 protein expression was detected by immunohistochemistry, and HO-1 messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) was detected by polymerase chain reaction. The results of this study showed that there were significant differences in PO

Dielectric relaxation experiments performed at ambient and elevated pressures P in molecular, ionic, and polymeric glass formers have established that the relation of the Johari-Goldstein (JG) \ensuremath{\beta}-relaxation time ${\ensuremath{\tau}}_{\ensuremath{\beta}}(T,P)$ to the \ensuremath{\alpha}-relaxation time ${\ensuremath{\tau}}_{\ensuremath{\alpha}}(T,P)$ is invariant to changes of T and P while the latter is kept constant. This property of the JG \ensuremath{\beta} relaxation is remarkable despite the fact that the invariance of the ratio ${\ensuremath{\tau}}_{\ensuremath{\beta}}(T,P)/{\ensuremath{\tau}}_{\ensuremath{\alpha}}(T,P)$ from experiment is sometimes approximate because the \ensuremath{\beta} relaxation is composed of a distribution of processes, and the ${\ensuremath{\tau}}_{\ensuremath{\beta}}(T,P)$ determined can be arbitrary. The property indicates the fundamental importance of the JG \ensuremath{\beta} relaxation and it cannot be neglected whenever the \ensuremath{\alpha} relaxation is considered. Notwithstanding, the property has not been checked on whether it applies to metallic glasses. Conventional experiment techniques cannot fulfill the task, and the alternative is molecular dynamics simulations. In this paper we report the results of molecular dynamics simulations of dynamical mechanical spectroscopy performed on two very different metallic glasses, $\mathrm{Z}{\mathrm{r}}_{50}\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{u}}_{50}$ and $\mathrm{N}{\mathrm{i}}_{80}{\mathrm{P}}_{20}$, at different pressures P. The JG \ensuremath{\beta} relaxation appears as an excess wing on the low-temperature side of the \ensuremath{\alpha} loss peak at ${T}_{\ensuremath{\alpha},P}$ in the isochronal loss modulus spectra ${{E}_{P}}^{\ensuremath{''}}(T)$. On the other hand, the isochronal non-Gaussian parameter $\ensuremath{\alpha}{2}_{P}(T)$ peaks at the temperature ${T}_{\ensuremath{\alpha}2,P}$ different from ${T}_{\ensuremath{\alpha},P}$ of ${{E}^{\ensuremath{''}}}_{P}(T)$. From the fact that ${T}_{\ensuremath{\alpha}2,P}$ is significantly lower than ${T}_{\ensuremath{\alpha},P}$, we identified the peak temperature ${T}_{\ensuremath{\alpha}2,P}$ of $\ensuremath{\alpha}{2}_{P}(T)$ with the JG \ensuremath{\beta} relaxation, and hence the JG \ensuremath{\beta} relaxation is fully resolved by studying the isochronal non-Gaussian parameter $\ensuremath{\alpha}{2}_{P}(T)$. After scaling temperature by ${T}_{\ensuremath{\alpha},P}$, the normalized ${{E}_{P}}^{\ensuremath{''}}(T/{T}_{\ensuremath{\alpha},P})$ and $\ensuremath{\alpha}{2}_{P}(T/{T}_{\ensuremath{\alpha},P})$ both show superposition of data taken at various pressures for all $T/{T}_{\ensuremath{\alpha},P}$ covering the JG \ensuremath{\beta} relaxation and the \ensuremath{\alpha} relaxation. Moreover the ratio ${T}_{\ensuremath{\alpha}2,P}/{T}_{\ensuremath{\alpha},P}$ is invariant to changes of T and P while ${\ensuremath{\tau}}_{\ensuremath{\alpha}}(T,P)$ is maintained constant. Thus we have verified for two different metallic glasses, $\mathrm{Z}{\mathrm{r}}_{50}\mathrm{C}{\mathrm{u}}_{50}$ and $\mathrm{N}{\mathrm{i}}_{80}{\mathrm{P}}_{20}$, that ${\ensuremath{\tau}}_{\ensuremath{\alpha}}(T,P)/{\ensuremath{\tau}}_{\ensuremath{\beta}}(T,P)$ is invariant to changes of T and P at constant ${\ensuremath{\tau}}_{\ensuremath{\alpha}}(T,P)$, as found in soft matter.

前列腺癌是男性最常见的泌尿生殖系统肿瘤之一，且初诊时多数已处于中晚期。雄激素剥夺疗法（ADT）是治疗晚期前列腺癌的一线疗法。虽然ADT能显著延长患者的生存时间，但治疗后出现的代谢症状、心血管疾病、骨质疏松和认知能力下降等严重并发症，极大地降低了患者的生活质量甚至引起死亡。本文介绍了ADT危害的发生机制，提出实施早期防治或联合中医中药疗法的策略，具有广阔的研究前景。.

We report constraints on the dark photon effective kinetic mixing parameter (${\kappa}$) with data taken from two ${p}$-type point-contact germanium detectors of the CDEX-10 experiment at the China Jinping Underground Laboratory. The 90\% confidence level upper limits on ${\kappa}$ of solar dark photon from 205.4 kg-day exposure are derived, probing new parameter space with masses (${m_V}$) from 10 to 300 eV/${c^2}$ in direct detection experiments. Considering dark photon as the cosmological dark matter, limits at 90\% confidence level with ${m_V}$ from 0.1 to 4.0 keV/${c^2}$ are set from 449.6 kg-day data, with a minimum of ${\rm{\kappa=1.3 \times 10^{-15}}}$ at ${\rm{m_V=200\ eV/c^2}}$., Comment: 5 pages, 6 figures

We present weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) search results performed using two approaches of effective field theory from the China Dark Matter Experiment (CDEX), based on the data from both CDEX-1B and CDEX-10 stages. In the nonrelativistic effective field theory approach, both time-integrated and annual modulation analyses were used to set new limits for the coupling of WIMP-nucleon effective operators at 90% confidence level (C.L.) and improve over the current bounds in the low $m_{\chi}$ region. In the chiral effective field theory approach, data from CDEX-10 were used to set an upper limit on WIMP-pion coupling at 90% C.L. We for the first time extended the limit to the $m_{\chi}, Comment: version accepted by Science China-PMA, 8 pages, 8 figures

Ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1 (ENPP1) is the main source of extracellular pyrophosphate. Along with tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP), ENPP1 plays an important role in balancing bone mineralisation. Although well established in pre-osteoblasts, the regulating mechanisms of ENPP1 in osteoblasts and osteocytes remain largely unknown. Using bioinformatic methods, osterix (Osx), an essential transcription factor in osteoblast differentiation and osteocyte function, was found to have five predicted binding sites on the ENPP1 promoter. ENPP1 and Osx showed a similar expression profile both in vitro and in vivo. Over-expression of Osx in MC3T3-E1 and MLO-Y4 cells significantly up-regulated the expression of ENPP1 (p < 0.05). The consensus Sp1 sequences, located in the proximal ENPP1 promoter, were identified as Osx-regulating sites using promoter truncation experiments and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays. The p38-mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling pathway was demonstrated to be responsible for ENPP1 promoter activation by Osx. Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) was confirmed to have synergistic effects with Osx in activating ENPP1 promoter. Taken together, these results provided evidence of the regulating mechanisms of ENPP1 transcription in osteoblasts and osteocytes.

Thirty well isolated ro-vibrational transitions of the 30011e – 00001e band of 12C16O2 at 1.54 μm have been recorded with a laser-locked cavity ring-down spectrometer. The line intensities were obtained with accuracies better than 0.85%. Comparisons of the line intensities determined in this work with literature experimental values and those from HITRAN2016, AMES, UCL-IAO and CDSD-296 line lists are given.

The impact of neodymium substitution on structural, dielectric and magnetic properties of polycrystalline Ni0.5Zn0.5NdxFe2−xO4 (0.002 ≤ x ≤ 0.010) ferrites have been investigated. XRD results demonstrate that all the samples crystallize in single-phase cubic spinel structure except with x = 0.010. The substitution of neodymium monotonously expands the lattice parameter. The compositional variation of dielectric constant and dielectric loss tangent is abnormal, displaying a peak at x = 0.008. Typical soft ferromagnetic characteristics of M-H curves are observed at room temperature and the saturation magnetization decreases linearly with increasing Nd3+ content. The mechanism of doping induced modulation on structural, dielectric and magnetic properties is discussed.

We present the improved constraints on couplings of solar axions and more generic bosonic dark matter particles using 737.1 kg-days of data from the CDEX-1B experiment. The CDEX-1B experiment, located at the China Jinping Underground Laboratory, primarily aims at the direct detection of weakly interacting massive particles using a p-type point-contact germanium detector. We adopt the profile likelihood ratio method for analysis of data in the presence of backgrounds. An energy threshold of 160 eV was achieved, much better than the 475 eV of CDEX-1A with an exposure of 335.6 kg-days. This significantly improves the sensitivity for the bosonic dark matter below 0.8 keV among germanium detectors. Limits are also placed on the coupling $g_{Ae} < 2.48 \times 10^{-11}$ from Compton, bremsstrahlung, atomic-recombination and de-excitation channels and $g^{eff}_{AN} \times g_{Ae} < 4.14 \times 10^{-17}$ from a $^{57}$Fe M1 transition at 90\% confidence level., version accepted by PRD, 9 pages, 11 figures

Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disease that typically results in the loss of dopaminergic neurons, especially in an area of the brain known as the substantia nigra. Here, we investigated the roles of two important neuronal development proteins, dysbindin-1 and SATB2, at different stages of Parkinson's disease.Using various concentrations of a neurotoxin, 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), we established the mouse models at initial and advanced stages of the Parkinson's disease. The pole and rotarod tests were used to assess behavioral response and motor function, respectively. Histology was used to assess the disease pathology. Immunohistochemistry and Western blotting were used to analyze dysbindin-1 and SATB2 expression levels.Compared with controls, the mice in the initial and advanced stages of Parkinson's disease required 2.3-fold and 3.8-fold longer to reach the floor in the pole test. Similarly, in the rotarod test, mice in the initial (168 ± 3.73 s) and advanced stages (91 ± 5.62 s) of Parkinson's disease were less able to maintain motor stability, compared with control mice (214 ± 4.18 s). The expression levels of dysbindin-1 and SATB2 in substantia nigra tissue from control mice were limited but were substantially increased (2.4-fold and 3.6-fold, respectively) in mice in the initial stage of the Parkinson's disease. However, in the mice in the advanced stage of Parkinson's disease, dysbindin-1 expression was 1.7-fold lower, and the SATB2 expression was 1.8-fold higher, than that in the control mice.The increased expression levels of dysbindin-1 and SATB2 in the initial stage of Parkinson's disease may be due to their protective roles. However, the reduced expression levels in the advanced stage of Parkinson's disease may contribute to irreversible neuronal degeneration.

We report results on the searches of weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) with sub-GeV masses ($m_{\chi}$) via WIMP-nucleus spin-independent scattering with Migdal effect incorporated. Analysis on time-integrated (TI) and annual modulation (AM) effects on CDEX-1B data are performed, with 737.1 kg$\cdot$day exposure and 160 eVee threshold for TI analysis, and 1107.5 kg$\cdot$day exposure and 250 eVee threshold for AM analysis. The sensitive windows in $m_{\chi}$ are expanded by an order of magnitude to lower DM masses with Migdal effect incorporated. New limits on $\sigma_{\chi N}^{\rm SI}$ at 90\% confidence level are derived as $2\times$10$^{-32}\sim7\times$10$^{-35}$ $\rm cm^2$ for TI analysis at $m_{\chi}\sim$ 50$-$180 MeV/$c^2$, and $3\times$10$^{-32}\sim9\times$10$^{-38}$ $\rm cm^2$ for AM analysis at $m_{\chi}\sim$75 MeV/$c^2-$3.0 GeV/$c^2$., Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures

Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is a worldwide common and malignant tumor. It is discovered in recent years that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) participate in many biological processes of HCC. However, their specific role in HCC has not been entirely clarified yet. In this research, we aimed to explore biological functions, clinical significance and the underlying molecular mechanisms of lncRNA NR027113 in HCC.qRT-PCR was performed to test the expression of NR027113 in HCC tissue samples and HCC cell lines. The association of NR027113 expression with overall survival, disease-free survival and clinicopathological factors was analyzed. MTT assays, Colony formation assay, flow cytometry and transwell invasion assays were performed to determine the effect of NR027113 in the regulation of biological behaviors of HCC cells. Western blot was performed to determine the activation of the PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.In the present study, we proved that is significantly up-regulated in HCC tissues and cell lines. HCC patients with higher NR027113 expression were associated with significantly shorter overall survival and disease-free survival. NR027113 knockdown inhibited the proliferation and metastasis of HCC cells in vitro. In addition, NR027113 knock-down was found to inhibit the activity of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and restrain the EMT process. Furthermore, we found that PTEN silencing could reverse the inhibitory effect of NR027113 knockdown on Akt phosphorylation and HCC cells function.A brand new lncRNA NR027113 was found, which can promote the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of HCC via the PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, and may be a potential therapeutic target in the future treatment of HCC.

To investigate the expressions of claudin-1 and placental growth factor (PlGF) proteins in retinoblastoma (RB) and their relationships with the differentiation of RB, the infiltration of optic nerve and choroid and clinical stages.Immunohistochemical (IHC) method was used to detect the expressions of claudin-1 and PlGF proteins in 56 cases of RB paraffin-embedded tissue samples. The x2-test and Fisher exact test were used to compare the qualitative variables. The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to detect the correlation of the expression of claudin-1 with that of PlGF in RB tissues.1) Among RB tissues, the positive expression rates of claudin-1 in clinical stage I tumors and clinical stage III tumors were 69.2% and 38.9%, respectively, and claudin-1 was not expressed in all clinical stage II tumors (p=0.002). In case of optic nerve invasion, the lowly positive expression of claudin-1 was detected, and the difference was significant (p=0.001). 2) The positive expression rate of PlGF proteins in RB was 73.8%, which was higher in tumors with optic nerve invasion than in tumors without the invasion; the expression was significantly different (p=0.001). In addition, the positive expression rate of PlGF in tumors with choroidal invasion was 74.1%. 3) The expression of claudin-1 in RB was negatively correlated with the presence of choroidal invasion (r=0.52, p≤0.0001) and optic nerve infiltration (r=0.49, p=0.0003). There was a significant positive correlation between the expression of PlGF and the presence of optic nerve invasion (r=0.30, p=0.009). In addition, there was a significant positive correlation between the expression of claudin-1 and that of PlGF (r=0.41, p=0.006).The expression level of claudin-1 is negatively correlated with the differentiation of RB cells, optic nerve infiltration and clinical stages, while the expression of PlGF was positively correlated with the optic nerve infiltration and clinical stages of RB. The role of claudin-1 may be opposite to that of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) in the development of RB.

We report the first results of a light weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) search from the CDEX-10 experiment with a 10 kg germanium detector array immersed in liquid nitrogen at the China Jinping Underground Laboratory with a physics data size of 102.8 kg day. At an analysis threshold of 160 eVee, improved limits of 8×10^{-42} and 3×10^{-36} cm^{2} at a 90% confidence level on spin-independent and spin-dependent WIMP-nucleon cross sections, respectively, at a WIMP mass (m_{χ}) of 5 GeV/c^{2} are achieved. The lower reach of m_{χ} is extended to 2 GeV/c^{2}.

We report the first results of a light weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) search from the CDEX-10 experiment with a 10 kg germanium detector array immersed in liquid nitrogen at the China Jinping Underground Laboratory with a physics data size of 102.8 kg day. At an analysis threshold of 160 eVee, improved limits of 8×10−42 and 3×10−36 cm2 at a 90% confidence level on spin-independent and spin-dependent WIMP-nucleon cross sections, respectively, at a WIMP mass (mχ) of 5 GeV/c2 are achieved. The lower reach of mχ is extended to 2 GeV/c2.

This article reviews electrocatalyst preparation by electrodeposition. The emphasis is put mainly upon tuning the surface and electronic structures of nanocrystal electrocatalysts by electrochemical methods, and discussing their structure–catalytic functionality and potential applications. Various polyhedra of metal (Pt, Pd, Rh, Au, etc.) and their alloy electrocatalysts of high surface energy (tetrahexahedron, trisoctahedron, trapezohedron, hexoctahedron, triambic icosahedron, concave-disdyakis triacontahedron, etc.), and those of low surface energy (cube, octahedron, icosahedron, decahedron, tetrahedron, etc.), as well as other nanostructures like one-dimensional (nanowire, nanorod, nanoneedle, nanotube), two-dimensional (nanoplate and nanosheet), and three-dimensional (flower-like and clusters), have been synthesized by electrochemical methods including square-wave potential, pulsed potential, cyclic voltammetry, potentiostatic, and galvanostatic methods. Thanks to the high density of low-coordinated step, ledge, and kink atoms on high-index facets that enclosed the polyhedral nanocrystals of high surface energy, the electrocatalysts of high surface energy exhibit excellent properties in small organic molecules (methanol, ethanol, formic acid, etc.) electrooxidation, CO 2 and oxygen reduction reactions.

To evaluate the efficacy of the adjunctive laser therapy in conventional non-surgical treatment of chronic periodontitis, an electronic search was performed through the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and China Biology Medicine (CBM) Disc, for relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or quasi-RCTs. All the 12 included studies (11 RCTs and 1 quasi-RCT) were qualified for descriptive and quantitative analysis. Outcomes were divided into two groups according to the length of follow-ups (long term and short term). Subgroup analyses were performed based on the mode of laser (inside and outside mode). Among all included researches, reduction in probing depth (PD) and gain in clinical attachment level (CAL) were presented with the mean value and 95 % confidence interval, while bleeding on probing (BOP) was assessed descriptively. Meta-analysis suggested that adjunctive laser therapy reduced PD at 3 months [mean difference (MD) = -0.26, 95 % confidence interval (CI) range = -0.43 to -0.09, p = 0.003] but did not demonstrate significant effect on the CAL at either 3 months (MD = -0.03, 95 % CI range = -0.25 to 0.19, p = 0.79) or 6 months (MD = -0.11, 95 % CI range = -0.38 to 0.16, p = 0.43). Subgroup analyses indicated that laser therapy would be more effective when the probes were set up outside the periodontal pockets.

Prebiotics consisting of resistant starch may alter intestinal ecology, thus modulating inflammation and increasing intestinal health through increased cecal production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA). Probiotics may directly alter the intestinal microbiome, resulting in the same effects. We hypothesize that adding prebiotics and probiotics to feed may protect the gut of young chicks under stress. Studies 1, 2, and 3 evaluated treatments in a cold stress (CS) and Escherichia coli (EC) oral challenge to 430 day-old broiler chicks for 3 wk. In study 1, prebiotics were administered as 15% of the diet during the first week only and consisted of the following: Hi-Maize resistant starch (HM), potato starch (PS), or raw potato (RP). In studies 2 and 3, the PS treatment was identical to study 1, and an additional probiotic treatment (PRO) was administered in feed and water. In study 1, PS protected BW during the first week and decreased the mortality of CS/EC-challenged birds during the first week and wk 3, while RP decreased the mortality of warm-brooded birds challenged with EC during the first week. In study 2, PS decreased and PRO increased the main effect mean (MEM) of the first week BW. PS and PRO numerically decreased the feed conversion ratio (FCR) by 23 and 29 points, respectively, in CS/EC-challenged birds with no effects on mortality. In study 3, PS decreased and PRO increased the first week and wk 3 MEM BW. PS numerically increased FCR by 16 points, while PRO decreased FCR by 2 points. Both PS and PRO tended to increase overall mortality, and PRO significantly increased mortality in the CS/EC challenge. These results suggest that the effects of PS may be too variable in this challenge model for further study; however, the PRO treatment improved production values and may have potential as an alternative to antibiotics during the first weeks after hatch.

Myostatin propeptide can inhibit the biological activity of myostatin protein and promote muscle growth. To express myostatin propeptide in vitro with a higher biological activity, we performed codon optimization on the sheep myostatin propeptide gene sequence, and mutated aspartic acid-76 to alanine based on the codon usage bias of Pichia pastoris and the enhanced biological activity of myostatin propeptide mutant. Modified myostatin propeptide gene was cloned into the pPIC9K plasmid to form the recombinant plasmid pPIC9K-Msp. Recombinant plasmid pPIC9K-Msp was transformed into Pichia pastoris GS115 by electrotransformation. Transformed cells were screened, and methanol was used to induce expression. SDS-PAGE and western blotting were used to verify the successful expression of myostatin propeptide with biological activity in Pichia pastoris, providing the basis for characterization of this protein.