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The recent discovery of superconductivity in infinite-layer nickelates generates tremendous research endeavors, but the ground state of their parent compounds is still under debate. Here, we report experimental evidences for the dominant role of Kondo scattering in the underdoped Nd1-xSrxNiO2 thin films. A resistivity minimum associated with logarithmic temperature dependence in both longitudinal and Hall resistivities are observed in the underdoped Nd1-xSrxNiO2 samples before the superconducting transition. At lower temperatures down to 0.04 K, the resistivities become saturated, following the prediction of the Kondo model. A linear scaling behavior $\sigma _{{\boldsymbol{xy}}}^{{{\boldsymbol AHE}}}{\rm{\ }}\sim{\rm{\ }}{\sigma }_{{\boldsymbol{xx}}}$ between anomalous Hall conductivity $\sigma _{{\boldsymbol{xy}}}^{{\boldsymbol{AHE}}}$ and conductivity ${\sigma }_{{\boldsymbol{xx}}}{\rm{\ }}$is revealed, verifying the dominant Kondo scattering at low temperature. The effect of weak (anti-)localization is found to be secondary. Our experiments can help clarifying the basic physics in the underdoped Nd1-xSrxNiO2 infinite-layer thin films.

In the past decades,a dramatic development of navigation technology in orthopaedic surgery has been witnessed. By assisting the localization of surgical region,verification of target bony structure,preoperative planning of fixation,intraoperative identification of planned entry point and direction of instruments or even automated insertion of implants,its ability and potential to reduce operation time,intraoperative radiation,surgical trauma,and improve accuracy has been proved. However,in contrast to the widespread use of navigation technology in arthroplasty,orthopaedic tumor,and spine surgery,its application in orthopaedic trauma is relatively less. In this manuscript,the main purpose is to introduce the technical principles of navigation devices,outline the current clinical application of navigation systems in orthopaedic trauma,analyze the current challenges confronting its further application in clinical practice and its prospect in the future.在过去的几十年里，骨科手术中的导航技术取得了巨大的发展。通过协助外科医师定位手术区域，识别目标骨，规划内固定策略，术中引导内固定置入点和方向，甚至自动执行内固定操作，该技术在骨科手术中缩短手术时间、减少术中辐射、减轻手术创伤和提高精确度的能力和潜力已经得到了证明。然而，与导航技术在关节置换、骨肿瘤和脊柱手术中的广泛使用相比，其在创伤骨科中的应用相对较少。本文旨在介绍导航设备的技术原理，概述目前导航系统在创伤骨科中的临床应用，分析当前导航系统在临床实践中进一步推广应用所面临的挑战及未来前景。.

In 2001, Rutledge reported the first case of mini gastric bypass (MGB). Carbajo improved the technique of MGB and named it one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB). Over the past 20 years, a large number of clinical and basic studies on OAGB/MGB have been reported, and the answers to some key questions about OAGB/MGB have gradually become clear. From a technical point of view, MGB and OAGB can be regarded as two subvariants of one surgery. The advantages of OAGB/MGB include: (1) simplicity, safety and lower probability of internal hernia;(2) stable and durable weight reduction effect; (3) stable and durable remission rate of type 2 Diabetes. The disadvantages of OAGB/MGB include: (1) bile reflux; (2) higher risk of malnutrition. OAGB/MGB has achieved a good balance between effectiveness and safety, and has become the most noticed and fastest-growing bariatric and metabolic procedure in recent years. OAGB/MGB has been recommended as a standard bariatric and metabolic procedure by IFSO and ASMBS.2001年，Rutledge教授报道了首例迷你胃旁路术（MGB）；2004年，Carbajo教授对MGB进行了技术改进并命名为单吻合口胃旁路术（OAGB）。20年来，大量关于OAGB和MGB的临床和基础研究不断见诸报道，关于MGB和OAGB一些焦点问题的答案也逐渐明晰。从技术角度来看，MGB和OAGB可以视作一种手术的两个亚变种，以下统称OAGB。OAGB的优势包括：（1）简单、安全和更低的内疝发生率；（2）稳定持久的减重效果；（3）稳定持久的降糖效果。OAGB的劣势包括胆汁反流和较高的营养不良发生率。OAGB在有效性和安全性之间达到了良好的均衡，成为近年来最受关注且增长最为迅速的减重代谢手术方式，已经被国际减重代谢外科联盟和美国代谢和减肥外科学会推荐为标准术式。.

Rectal cancer is a great threat to the health of the Chinese people. With the continuous improvement of surgical treatment level, complication as an important indicator to measure the safety of surgery has received increasing attention from clinicians both at home and abroad. Although there are many studies on postoperative complications of rectal cancer, the morbidity of complication reported by related studies varies greatly. An important reason occurs in the limitations of retrospective research, such as incomplete medical records, unclear diagnostic criteria for some complications, incomplete follow-up records after discharge, and poor communication mechanisms among MDT members. Starting from a retrospective study on postoperative complications of rectal cancer and finding out the defects and problems in the registration of complications in each center, then clarifying the definition of various postoperative complications, so as to establish a sound and standardized registration system, and carry out prospective research, this path could be a reliable method to obtain relatively accurate postoperative complications of rectal cancer.直肠癌是我国人民健康的巨大威胁。随着外科治疗水平的不断提高，并发症作为衡量手术安全性的重要指标，越来越受到国内外临床医生的重视。尽管有许多关于直肠癌术后并发症的研究，但汇报的并发症发生率差异较大，其中一个重要原因就在于回顾性研究本身具有的局限性，例如病历资料不完善、部分并发症诊断标准不明确或不统一、出院后随访记录信息不完善、MDT成员之间沟通机制不畅通等。从对直肠癌术后并发症回顾性研究中入手，找出各中心对于并发症管理登记存在的缺陷与问题，明确各项术后并发症的定义，建立健全直肠癌术后并发症规范化登记体系，开展前瞻性登记研究，此种路径可能是获得相对准确的直肠癌术后并发症发生情况的可靠方法。.

Colorectal surgery has been developed rapidly in China because of the advance of minimally invasive surgical techniques, perioperative comprehensive treatment strategies and clinical research in recent years. Comparing the current diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer between China and western industrialized countries, it can be found that the specialized construction and standardized diagnosis and treatment of colorectal surgery in western industrialized countries are very mature, and the multidisciplinary diagnosis and treatment model of colorectal cancer has been standardized. Although there is almost no difference between high-level colorectal cancer centers in the eastern coastal areas of China and western countries, due to the vast size and uneven regional development of China, standardized surgery and standardized treatment concepts of colorectal surgery still need to be popularized. Combined with the current diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer in China, more high-quality clinical research should be carried out to seek new development and breakthroughs in the field of colorectal surgery. Combined with the experience of international and domestic clinical research that has been participated in or carried out, the author believes that quality control of clinical research should be carried out from the following two points: 1. structured training and quality control of research; 2. establishment and management of databases. In a word, we should not only focus on colon surgery itself, but also complete the transformation to research-oriented doctors and research-oriented disciplines, cultivate the concept of data collection and clinical research, enhance the scientific awareness of clinical research, and integrate high-quality data collection and clinical research into daily clinical practice. Only in this way can we fundamentally improve the comprehensive strength of China's colorectal surgery, effectively carry out surgical-related clinical research based on the current situation colorectal diseases in China, and obtain high-level evidence-based medical evidence based on the research results of the population of patients in China, and form a guide for the diagnosis and treatment of colorectal surgery in China, which will also guide the clinical practice of patients with colorectal diseases in China. This will certainly be a new direction for the development of Chinese colorectal surgery.得益于近年来微创外科技术的发展、围手术期综合治疗策略和临床研究的进步，我国的结直肠外科也得到了快速发展。但对比我国与欧美发达国家的结直肠癌诊疗现状可以发现，西方发达国家的结直肠外科的专科化建设和规范化诊疗已经非常成熟，结直肠癌的多学科诊疗模式业已规范化运行。尽管我国东部沿海地区的高水平结直肠癌诊疗中心与西方国家相比已几乎无差距，但由于我国幅员辽阔且地区发展不平衡，结直肠外科的标准化手术以及规范化治疗理念仍有待普及。我国结直肠外科领域要寻求新的发展和突破，就要进一步开展更高质量的临床研究。笔者结合已参与和开展的国际国内临床研究经验，认为应该从以下两点对临床研究进行质量控制：（1）研究的结构化培训和质量控制；（2）数据库的建立和管理。总之不能仅将注意力集中于结直肠外科手术本身，更要完成向研究型医生、研究型学科的转变，培养开展数据收集和临床研究的理念，增强临床研究的科研意识，将高质量的数据收集和临床研究融入到日常临床实践的工作中。这样才能从根本上提高中国结直肠外科的综合实力，有效开展基于我国结直肠疾病现状的外科相关临床研究，并获得基于我国患者人群研究结果的高级别循证医学证据，形成我国结直肠外科诊断治疗相关的指南，用于指导我国结直肠疾病患者的外科临床实践，这也必将是中国结直肠外科发展的新方向。.

Gravity dams are important infrastructures, and their failure can affect public security. In this work, physical modeling was conducted to determine the dynamic responses and types of damag...

Two metal complexes [Mn(H2O)6(C16H11O7S)2] · 2H2O (I) and Al(H2O)3(C16H11O7S) · 2H2O (II) were synthesized by reaction of the sodium 5-hydroxy-4′-methoxyisoflavone-3′-sulfonate (C16H11O7SNa) with MnSO4 · 4H2O or Al(NO3)2 · 6H2O, respectively. Complex I and II were characterized by the single crystal X-ray diffraction (CIF files CCDC nos. 1563980 (I), 1563981 (II)), IR spectroscopy, thermogravimetric and elemental analysis. For complex I, the coordination number of Mn(II) is 6 and the coordinated atoms are all oxygen atoms from six H2O molecules. For complex II, the coordination number of Al(III) is 4, and coordinated atoms come not only from three water molecules but also the sulfo-group. Furthermore, I and II have hydrogen bonding and π···π stacking supramolecular interactions. Hydrogen bonding forms a hydrophilic region, π···π stacking forms a hydrophobic region. The sulfo-group is a vital bridge between the hydrophilic region and the hydrophobic region, which improves the water-soluble ability and prompts the versatile assembly of pallidiflorin with metal ion. In addition, the preliminary biological test showed that I, II had antimicrobial activities.

Anastomotic leak is a common and serious complication after anterior rectal resection. Despite the continuous advancement of anastomotic instruments and surgical techniques, the incidence of anastomotic leak has not decreased significantly compared with the past. As more studies on the early diagnosis of anastomotic leak are published, postoperative risk factors of anastomotic leak, such as fever, time to first bowel movement, CT, C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT), matrix metalloproteinase-9, and other cytokines and biomarkers (IL-6, TNF-α, lactate, pH, urinary neopterin/creatinine ratio), provide a reference for surgeons to assess the risk and increase the possibility of early diagnosis of anastomotic leak. Nevertheless, preventing the occurrence of anastomotic leak is still the ultimate goal. For the prevention of anastomotic leak, intraoperative ICG fluorescence imaging technology provides a simple and safe objective method for surgeons to evaluate anastomotic perfusion. The diversion stoma may reduce the incidence of anastomotic leak. More and more evidence shows that drainage through the anal canal can reduce the incidence of anastomotic leak after rectal cancer, but whether different types of drainage catheters can clearly reduce the incidence of anastomotic leak still needs more evidence. In addition, there has not yet been a unified opinion on the retention time and location of the drainage catheter. At present, the research of anastomotic leak has not adopted a unified definition and the heterogeneity among related studies is still great. We still look forward to more high-quality multi-center large prospective and randomized controlled studies.吻合口漏是直肠前切除术后常见且严重的并发症，尽管吻合器械及外科手术技术不断进步，但吻合口漏发生率并无显著下降。随着更多关于吻合口漏早期诊断的研究发表，吻合口漏的危险因素如发热、首次排粪时间、腹部CT、C-反应蛋白（CRP）水平、降钙素原（PCT）水平、基质金属蛋白酶-9、其他细胞因子和生物标志物（IL-6、TNF-α、乳酸、pH值、尿新蝶呤/肌酐比率）等为外科医生评估吻合口漏发生风险提供了参考，增加了吻合口漏早期诊断的可能。尽管如此，预防吻合口漏的发生仍然是最终目标。对于吻合口漏的预防，术中吲哚菁绿（ICG）荧光显影技术为医生评估吻合口灌注提供了一种简单且安全的客观手段；转流性造口的应用可能降低吻合口漏发生率；越来越多的证据表明，经肛管引流可以减少直肠癌术后吻合口漏发生率。但是对于不同类型的引流管是否均可以明确降低吻合口漏发生率，还需要更多的循证医学证据。此外，对于经肛引流管留置时间，放置的位置尚未形成统一意见。目前对于吻合口漏的研究仍未采用统一的定义，相关研究之间的异质性大，仍然期待更多高质量、多中心、大型前瞻性及随机对照研究来明确直肠癌吻合口漏的早期诊断和预防措施。.

There are still many controversies in the surgical treatment of esophagogastric junction tumors in terms of surgical approach, cleaning range, and resection scope. The reason is the confusion about the scope of the esophagogastric junction. The previous domestic and foreign anatomy descriptions of this part are not enough to solve the current problems. Based on a large number of basic anatomy and clinical operations, this article proposes that the esophagogastric junction may be wrapped by a complete and separate esophagogastric junction membrane with independent anatomy other than infracardiac bursa. The structure of the transitional tissue, mainly from the distribution of submucosal veins, explained the relationship and significance of tissue transitional changes and clinical operations, and made a reasonable analysis of the current controversy based on the anatomical characteristics, which is worthy of further investigation.食管胃结合部肿瘤的外科治疗在手术入路、清扫范围、切除范围等方面尚存在较多争议，对食管胃结合部范围的认知差异是造成这一现象的主要原因。该部位现有的解剖学阐述已无法满足临床实践的需要。基于大量基础解剖和临床操作，食管胃结合部可能是由完整、单独的食管胃结合部膜所包裹的有独立解剖结构的移行组织，从黏膜下静脉分布入手，可以了解该区域组织移行变化的意义及其与临床操作的关系，根据这些解剖特点，可以对当前的争议进行合理的分析，期待与同道一起进一步深入研究。.

Due to the technical difficulty and long learning curve, the benefits of Transanal total mesorectal excision may be obscured by surgical complications that arise from rapid, large-scale development, therefore the surgeons need to receive sufficient training before performing this surgery. At present, a mature structured training system has been formed, but the development of structured training has not met the needs of existing surgical development. In order to standardize the development of transanal total mesorectal excision, the European Society of Colorectal Diseases and 14 international surgical societies recently launched the "International Expert Consensus Guidelines for the Indication, Implementation and Quality Evaluation of Transanal Total Mesorectum Resection". The consensus involves the requirements for trainees, the content and process of training, as well as the evaluation and registration of training results. Training in cadaver is the core of structured training. Beginners should receive repeated training and conduct the surgery under the guidance of instructors.经肛全直肠系膜切除术技术难度较大、学习曲线长，过快地大规模开展所致的并发症可能掩盖其优点，术者需要在实施此类手术之前接受充分的培训。目前，国内外已经形成了较为成熟的“结构化培训”体系，然而培训的开展并未满足现有手术发展的需求。为规范taTME的发展，欧洲结直肠疾病学会联合国际14个相关学会于近期推出了《经肛全直肠系膜切除术适应证、实施和质量评估的国际专家共识指南》，其中对结构化培训做了重点推介，内容包括对学员的要求，培训的内容和流程，培训结果的评估与登记等。尸体手术训练是结构化培训的核心，初学者应反复接受培训，并在教员的指导下开展该手术。.

In recent years, transanal total mesorectal excision (taTME) has been a hot spot in the field of colorectal surgery. Compared with the traditional laparoscopic technique, taTME has potential advantages in the treatment of rectal diseases. However, the procedural safety and effectiveness of taTME need further verification. In order to ensure the safe and standardized implementation of this procedure, the European Society of Coloproctology, together with 14 international academic organizations related to colorectal surgery and minimally invasive surgery, has developed the international expert consensus guidance on indications, implementation and quality measures for taTME. This paper introduces the background of the international consensus guidance, and interprets its core contents, including the surgical indications (complex pelvic conditions, malignant and benign rectal diseases), surgical quality and outcome evaluation, structured training, and expert center. It is expected to provide reference and guidance for Chinese colorectal surgery colleagues performing taTME.经肛全直肠系膜切除（taTME）是结直肠外科领域近年来的热点术式。相比传统腹腔镜全直肠系膜切除技术，taTME在治疗直肠疾病中有潜在的优势。然而，其手术安全性和有效性（包括手术并发症及肿瘤学效果等），仍有待进一步的研究结果验证。为保障该技术安全规范地实施，欧洲结直肠疾病学会联合国际上14个结直肠外科及微创外科相关的学术组织，推出了《经肛全直肠系膜切除术适应证、实施和质量评估的国际专家共识和指南》（下简称《taTME国际共识指南》）。本文介绍了该国际共识指南的制定背景，并针对其核心内容，包括taTME的手术适应证（复杂骨盆条件、直肠恶性疾病和直肠良性疾病）、手术质量和结果评估、结构化培训和专家中心进行了详细解读，期待为中国结直肠外科同行开展taTME供参考和指导。.

The rational clinical examination is important. The authors raised the concept of "medical imaging clinical appropriateness (MICA) " to meet the medical need in clinic (for diagnosis or assessment of a kind of disease or syndrome), which means radiologists and clinicians work together to carefully evaluate the necessity and rationality of an examination according to evidence of evidence-based medicine, expertise, experience, and patient's willing.The necessity is prerequisite, the rationality is the core, the evaluation of evidence is the basis, the application of evidence-based medicine is the important method. This work will provide us a series of criteria in the format of guidelines, providing evidence of rational examination for clinicians. Based on hard working and cooperation between radiologists and clinicians, we will establish the system of MICA in China, standardizing medical process, promoting rationalization, optimizing medical resources allocation and usage.影像学检查的选择是否合理是临床实践中的重要问题。基于循证医学的"影像学检查的临床适用性评价"，即针对临床诊疗需求（某一特定疾病、综合征等诊断或评估），影像科与临床科室医师基于循证医学证据、专业技能和经验、患者意愿，共同慎重评价某种影像学检查的必要性及检查选择的合理性。必要性是前提，合理性是核心，证据质量评价是基石，循证医学方法是重要手段。评估成果将形成系列标准，以指南方式呈现，为临床医师针对临床诊疗需求合理选择影像学检查方法提供依据。通过影像科和临床科室医师的深度合作与共同努力，建立并不断完善我国影像学检查的临床适用性评价体系，保证临床诊疗流程的合理化、规范化，促进医疗资源优化配置和使用。.

Since the 21st century, with the development of minimally invasive surgical technology, the update of comprehensive treatment strategies and the progress of clinical research, colorectal surgery has developed rapidly. However, in recent years, some disputable issues still exist in colorectal surgery, such as transanal total mesorectal excision, pelvic cavity lateral lymph node dissection, the "wait and observe" strategy for clinical complete remission of rectal cancer after neoadjuvant therapy, and robotic colorectal surgical operation. In addition, the application of three dimensions imaging, 4K resolution, 5th generation wireless systems, virtual reality, artificial intelligence and other new techniques may provide extensive space and new opportunity for the development of colorectal surgery. The therapic outcome could be optimized by more relevant clinical research and evidence, which contribute to the standardization of surgical treatment of colorectal cancer.21世纪以来，随着微创外科技术的发展、结直肠癌综合治疗策略的更新和临床研究的进步，结直肠外科得到了迅速发展。经肛全直肠系膜切除、盆腔侧方淋巴结清扫、直肠癌新辅助治疗临床完全缓解的"等待观察"策略、机器人结直肠外科手术等问题仍然是近年来结直肠外科的争议热点。同时，三维成像、4K分辨率、第5代移动通信技术、虚拟现实及人工智能等新科技在临床中的应用也给结直肠外科的发展提供了广阔的空间和崭新的机遇。通过开展相应的临床研究，获得更多的循证医学证据，使结直肠癌的外科治疗更加规范化，才是切实提高结直肠外科治疗效果的根本方法。.

Sphincteric-saving surgery (SSS) is currently a hot spot in the treatment of mid-low rectal cancer. Although it preserves the anatomical continuity of the colon and anus, the postoperative functional outcomes and quality of life (QOL) remains to be confirmed. Current studies have shown that quality of life worsens at the first month after surgery, improves within 3-6 months, and stabilizes at about 1 year. The QOL was associated with patient-related factors, tumor-related factors, treatment-related factors and postoperative complications. For patient-related factors, younger patients have worse role function and sexual function but better cognitive function and physical function. Male patients deteriorate significantly in sexual and social function. For tumor-related factors, patients with lower rectal cancer have poorer defecation function. Those with advanced rectal cancer are more likely to suffer from side-effects related to chemotherapy. For treatment-related factors, patients undergoing intersphincteric resection have worse role function, body image and sexual interest. Preventive ileostomy results in the deterioration of role function, body image and sexual interest. Chemotherapy causes taste changes and chest pain. For postoperative complication, patients with anastomotic leakage have worse bowel function and psychological state. Patients with major low anterior resection syndrome and genitourinary dysfunction have worse global health score, social function and role function. In conclusion, short-term quality of life after sphincteric-saving surgery is acceptable. To improve QOL, specific intervention and guidance should be given to patients in this stage. Meanwhile, since many factors influence the quality of life simultaneously, researchers are confused about the questionnaire outcomes. Therefore, more specific and comprehensive tools are needed to evaluate QQL after sphincteric-saving surgery.保肛手术是目前中低位直肠癌治疗中的热点。尽管保肛手术保留了肠道的解剖连续性，但患者术后功能及生活质量能否达到满意的效果仍有待进一步证实。现有的研究显示，保肛患者术后1个月多项功能及症状评分较术前明显恶化，而在3~6个月内逐渐恢复并接近术前水平，在1年左右基本稳定。患者术后功能变化情况与患者相关因素、肿瘤因素、治疗相关因素和术后并发症密切相关。（1）在患者相关因素中，年龄70岁患者的角色功能、性功能相对较差，而认知功能、躯体功能则相对较好；男性患者在性功能、社会功能下降相对明显。（2）在肿瘤相关因素中，肿瘤位置较低的患者排粪功能较差，进展期较早期肿瘤患者额外增加化疗治疗及副作用影响。（3）在治疗相关因素中，患者经括约肌间切除术后的排粪功能、社会功能、角色功能下降相对明显；预防性造口使患者角色功能、身体形象、性兴趣恶化；放化疗治疗使患者味觉改变、胸闷等化疗相关症状评分恶化。（4）在术后并发症方面，吻合口漏患者术后排粪功能、心理状态在近期明显下降；重度直肠前切综合征及泌尿生殖系统障碍患者的总健康评分，躯体功能、角色功能和社交功能下降。总体来说，保肛手术患者的短期生活质量改变是可接受的。在该阶段应对患者进行针对性地干预和治疗，以期提高患者术后的功能及生活质量。另外，由于多种因素同时影响患者生活质量，研究者对术后生活质量评分的解读存在一定困难，需要更具体及全面的评价工具来评价直肠癌术后的生活质量。.

Although the surgical treatment of colorectal disease progresses slowly, with the advancement of minimally invasive surgical techniques, perioperative comprehensive treatment strategies and clinical research in recent years, Chinese colorectal surgery has developed rapidly. Transanal total mesorectal excision, lateral pelvic lymph node dissection,"watch and wait"strategy for clinical complete response of neoadjuvant radiotherapy for rectal cancer, and robotic colorectal surgery are still hot topics in colorectal surgery in recent years. The construction of clinical registry database and clinical research for colorectal cancer surgery are discussed, with a view to combing the development of colorectal surgery for colleagues in the surgical field, and to seek the development of colorectal surgery in China.虽然结直肠疾病的手术治疗进展较慢，但借助于近年来微创外科技术、围手术期综合治疗策略和临床研究的进步，中国结直肠外科亦得以快速发展。经肛全直肠系膜切除、盆腔侧方淋巴结清扫、直肠癌新辅助治疗临床完全缓解的"等待与观察"策略、机器人结直肠外科手术等仍然是近年来结直肠外科的热点议题。笔者结合全国性结直肠癌手术病例登记数据库建设以及临床研究等展开论述，以期为同道们梳理结直肠外科的发展脉络，共谋中国结直肠外科的发展。.

Recently, with the development and widespread application of total mesorectal excision and neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, the long-term overall survival and disease-free survival of patients with middlelow rectal cancer have been greatly improved. Moreover, there are also researches in minimally invasive techniques, such as laparoscopy and robotic surgical system in the radical rectal surgery, as well as the combination of tumor molecular targeting markers and gene sequencing technology. Nowadays, the treatment of rectal cancer has entered a new era of individualized precise medicine. However, there are still some controversies in lateral lymph node dissection. The criteria of diagnosis and treatment, neoadjuvant therapy, indications of lateral lymph node dissection, the area of dissection and neuroprotection are still unsatisfactory. It is necessary to explore the personalized treatment strategies of lateral lymph node dissection in the precise medical era.随着全直肠系膜切除术和新辅助放化疗的广泛应用，中低位直肠癌患者的预后明显改善。近年来随着腹腔镜和机器人手术系统等微创技术应用于直肠癌根治性手术，以及肿瘤分子标志物和基因测序技术的发展，直肠癌治疗已进入个体化精准医疗时代。在这样的时代背景下，关于中低位直肠癌侧方淋巴结清扫必要性的争议愈发引人注目，其包括与新辅助治疗的关系，侧方淋巴结清扫的手术指征、范围及神经保护等多个方面。作为进展期中低位直肠癌重要治疗手段，直面争议，增加侧方淋巴结清扫相关循证医学证据是当务之急。.

To evaluate the effect of interleukin-19 (IL-19) treatment on epidural fibrosis and its mechanism of action with transforming growth factor β (TGF-β).Initially, IL-19 (10, 20, 50 and 100 ng/L) was used to pretreat rat fibroblasts. TGF-β (10 μg/L) was then applied to activate fibroblasts. The protein expression levels of TGF-β receptor, extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (Erk) and p-38 were measured by Western blotting. In addition, we performed laminectomy at T10 vertebral plate in rats, followed by injection of IL-19 in caudal vein one week after injury. Furthermore, IL-19, TGF-β and fibrosis indexes were measured by quantitative Real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting at 7 and 28 days after injury, respectively.Concentration-dependent IL-19 significantly down-regulated TGF-β receptor expression and inhibited phosphorylated Erk (p-Erk) and phosphorylated p38 (p-p38). In vivo, IL-19 reduced the expressions of TGF-β and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) at 7 days. Furthermore, IL-19 significantly suppressed extracellular matrix productions formation, including α smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and collagen-1 (COL-1), and fibronectin at 28 days.IL-19 inhibited TGF-β expression via Erk and p38 pathway. Moreover, it decreased CTGF expression to suppress α-SMA, COL-1 and fibronectin in scar tissues, thereby preventing spinal cord from compression of scar tissues.

A function polymer is considered to be a kind of potential Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) agent that can further enhance oil recovery after polymer flooding. Based on the typical geologic features and development history of the Daqing Oilfield, a function polymer displacement experiment was conducted using a 3D laboratory physical model with a high-permeability channel between the injection end and the production end to study the EOR mechanism of the function polymer solution. In this article, the displacement feature and oil/water distribution of function polymer flooding is presented, as well as the swept effect in pores of different sizes. The experimental results show that the function polymer flooding after regular polymer flooding further enhances oil recovery by 10.29%. Moreover, the increment of sweep efficiency and displacement efficiency reaches 3.02% and 11.78%, respectively, which clearly demonstrates that the function polymer system improves the displacement efficiency by the emulsificat...

To investigate the regulatory role of microRNA-490-3p in the recovery process of spinal cord injury (SCI) and its underlying mechanism.Expression levels of microRNA-490-3p and MK2 in peripheral blood of SCI patients and healthy controls were detected by quantitative Real Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR). Glial cells C8-D1A and C8-B4 were induced by H2O2 for constructing in vitro SCI model, followed by detection of microRNA-490-3p and MK2 levels. After glial cells were transfected with microRNA-490-3p mimic or inhibitor, respectively, cell apoptosis and levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were detected. Bioinformatics was used to predict the binding site between microRNA-490-3p and MK2, which was further verified by dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. After construction of MK2 overexpression plasmid, rescue experiments were carried out to confirm the regulatory effect of microRNA-490-3p on MK2 in mediating SCI recovery.MicroRNA-490-3p expression was remarkably lower, whereas MK2 expression was higher in peripheral blood of SCI patients than those of healthy controls. Downregulated microRNA-490-3p and upregulated MK2 were observed in glial cells after H2O2 induction in C8-D1A and C8-B4 cells. Overexpression of microRNA-490-3p remarkably decreased levels of TNF-α and IL-6, as well as alleviated apoptosis in glial cells. Both protein and mRNA levels of MK2 were negatively regulated by microRNA-490-3p. Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay confirmed that MK2 was the target gene of microRNA-490-3p. Finally, rescue experiments verified that the regulatory effects of microRNA-490-3p on alleviating inflammation and apoptosis after SCI were reversed by MK2 overexpression.MicroRNA-490-3p is lowly expressed in glial cells after SCI. Overexpression of microRNA-490-3p alleviates inflammation and apoptosis via targeting MK2, thereafter promoting SCI recovery.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have recently shown capabilities as gene regulators in mammals. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects and mechanism of circ_0009910 in gastric cancer (GC).Circ_0009910 expression was quantified by Real-time PCR in human GC cell lines and tissues. Association between circ_0009910 levels and clinicopathological factors and patient's prognosis was analyzed. The roles of circ_0009910 in regulating GC cell proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion were evaluated in vitro. Western blot analysis was conducted to detect the expressions of molecular markers of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT).Circ_0009910 expression level was elevated in GC tissues and cell lines and associated with clinical stage (p = 0.032), distant metastasis (p = 0.028) and differentiation (p = 0.007). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis indicated that circ_0009910 expression in positive group has a worse overall survival compared to the negative group (p = 0.0013). Multivariate analysis showed that circ_0009910 was an independent risk factor for GC (HR = 2.346, 95% CI: 1.673-3.775, p = 0.006). Knockdown of circ_0009910 expression can suppress BGC823 and AGS cells proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro experiments. The results of Western blot indicated that knockdown of circ_0009910 increased expression of E-cadherin and decreased expression of the mesenchymal markers, snail and N-cadherin.Altogether, we demonstrate that circ_0009910 acts as a prognostic biomarker and promote cell proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT in GC, indicating that circ_0009910 may be a novel potential biomarker and therapeutic target of GC.

MLN4924 is a second-generation small molecule inhibitor with anti-cancer activity that inhibits neddylation activation enzyme (NAE), subsequently blocking the neddylation-dependent activation of Cullin-RING E3 ligases (CRLs). Mof4 family associated protein 1 (MRFAP1) is a highly conserved, short half-life protein and one of the most up-regulated proteins in response to MLN4924 treatment. MRFAP1 has been identified as a novel cell cycle-related protein and a regulatory component monitoring and preventing genomic instability. However, whether MRFAP1 plays a role in MLN4924-mediated cancer cell death remains elusive.The expression of MRFAP1 in gastric cancer clinic samples was detected by Real-time PCR and Western blot. CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)/Cas9 system was used to knockout MRFAP1 gene in both AGS and SGC-7901 cells. The proliferation of GC cells was measured by CCK8 assay. The cell cycle distribution of GC cells was determined by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) assay. Co-immunoprecipitation assay was used to determine the interaction between MRFAP1 and P27.MRFAP1 was downregulated in clinic gastric cancer samples at post-translational level. Overexpression of MRFAP1 decreased gastric cancer cells proliferation. CRISPR-mediated knockout of MRFAP1 increased the cytotoxicity of MLN4924 by augmenting MLN4924-induced G2/M arrest and apoptosis against gastric cancer cells. At the molecular level, we found that MLN4924 induced the interaction between P27 and MRFAP1, the latter associated with P27, which was further stabilized in response to MLN4924 treatment.We showed a protective role of MRFAP1 in gastric cancer cells with MLN4924 treatment and suggested the potential possibility to combine MLN4924 with MRFAP1 inhibition to treat gastric cancer.

Effective capture and release of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) with high viability is still a challenge in medical research. We design a novel approach with efficient yield and high cell activity for the capture and release of CTCs. Our platform is based on TiO

This article deals with natural convection heat and moisture transfer with thermal radiation in a cavity partially filled with hygroscopic porous medium. The governing equations for the momentum and heat transfer in both free fluid and hygroscopic porous medium and moisture content transfer in hygroscopic porous medium were solved by the finite element method. The radiative heat transfer is calculated by making use of the radiosity of the surfaces that are assumed to be grey. Comparisons with experimental and numerical results in the literature have been carried out. Effects of thermal radiation and Rayleigh number on natural convection and heat transfer in both free fluid and porous medium and moisture content transfer in porous medium were analyzed. It was found that surface thermal radiation can significantly change the temperature and moisture content fields in the regions of free flow and porous medium. The mean temperature at the interface decreases, the temperature and moisture content grad...

We report on the magnetic properties of monovacancy defects in neutron-irradiated graphite, probed by

Occlusal reconstruction is a complex sequential treatment. The treatment may involve changes in occlusal vertical dimension and the full dental arch occlusal surface reconstruction. In this paper, we discussed the most concerned aspects of prosthodontists during the occlusal reconstruction sequential treatment, how to determine the suitable occlusal vertical dimension, rebuilding of occlusal plane, and consideratiom of temporomandibular joint disorders during reconstruction treatment. The prosthodontists should adopt the multidisciplinary collaboration mode of thinking in analysis, design, treatment, and restoration processes, regarding patients' individual characteristic through the occlusal reconstruction sequential treatment, and to reach healthy, functional, aesthetic outcome eventually.

The service tunnel of Jinping Second Stage Hydropower Station, which is covered by over 2 000 m thick rock mass and has a maximum principle stress of over 60 MPa, is used as an example to investigate laws, characteristics, ranges and velocity of stress redistribution with time along directions of parallel and perpendicular to the tunnel axes and balance time of stress field using a numerical analysis method, based on the Kelvin–Voigt–CWFS model, which is a viscoelastoplastic combination model and is adaptable for describing time dependant characteristics of hard and brittle rock mass. The result shows that the stress initially increases and then decreases gradually at the two side walls and decreases quickly at the vault. Their principal vectors rotate gradually during the stress redistribution and 90% adjustment of stress is redistributed in as early as the first several days after excavation. At equilibrium, the stress initially increases and then decreases to stability at the two side walls and...

Aerostatic stability of super long-span bridges is a much concerned issue during the design stage. Typical aerostatic instability is the so-called torsional divergence which may lead to abrupt structural failure. The iterative static-based FEM, which generally entails the assumption of smooth oncoming flow, has been widely used to evaluate the aerostatic stability of the bridge concerned. However, the wind in atmospheric boundary layer is naturally turbulent and the effect of turbulence on bridge torsional divergence should be therefore considered, and that is the main concern of the present study. To take into account the effects of turbulence on torsional divergence, a dynamic-based time domain finite-element (FE) procedure for predicting bridge aerostatic stability is introduced first. Then the quasi-steady wind loads expressions are presented and discussed, into which the aerodynamic torsional stiffness, which is indispensable for the evaluation of aerostatic stability, has been demonstrated to be incorporated indirectly by a frequency-domain-based approach. Finally, the aerostatic performances of the longest suspension bridge in China are investigated, of which the torsional divergence is the primary concern. Numerical results show that the torsional divergence pattern in turbulent flow differs considerably from that in smooth flow. The primary difference is, while the torsional instability in smooth flow manifests as an abrupt mounting up of the twist deformation of the main girder with the increasing of the wind velocity, that in turbulent flow manifests as an unstable stochastic vibration with large peak values. Another difference is that the wind velocity for divergence in turbulent flow is obviously lower than that in smooth wind and there does not present an obvious wind velocity threshold for divergence, which is distinguished from the torsional divergence in smooth flow characterized by a clear threshold. Based on the presented time domain FE analysis procedure, the influence of turbulence intensity and gusts spatial correlation upon torsional divergence is also investigated and shown to play an important role on the aerostatic stability.

Wind tunnel experiments were conducted to investigate the wind characteristics in the mountainous valley terrain with 4 simplified valley models and a 1:500 scale model of an existing valley terrain in the simulated atmospheric neutral boundary layer model. Measurements were focused on the mean wind flow and longitudinal turbulence intensity. The relationship between hillside slopes and the velocity speed-up effect were studied. By comparing the preliminary results obtained from the simplified valley model tests and the existing terrain model test, some fundamental information was obtained. The measured results indicate that it is inappropriate to describe the mean wind velocity profiles by a power law using the same roughness exponent along the span wise direction in the mountainous valley terrain. The speed-up effect and the significant change in wind direction of the mean flow were observed, which provide the information necessary for determining the design wind speed such as for a long-span bridge across the valley. The longitudinal turbulence intensity near the ground level is reduced due to the speed-up effect of the valley terrain. However, the local topographic features of a more complicated valley terrain may cause significant perturbation to the general wind field characteristics in the valley.

C29H20O7, monoclinic, P121/c1 (no. 14), a = 9.583(4) Å, b = 25.30(1) Å, c = 19.975(9) Å, β = 96.732(8)°, V = 4809.0 Å3, Z = 8, Rgt(F) = 0.071, wRref(F2) = 0.189,T = 298 K.

C23H24O11, monoclinic, P1211 (no. 4), a = 6.081(3) Å, b = 7.838(3) Å, c = 22.60(1) Å, β = 92.127(7)°, V = 1076.4 Å3, Z = 2, Rgt(F) = 0.072, wRref(F2) = 0.226, T = 298 K.

A new mathematical model is presented for plane strain bending and springback analysis in sheet metal forming. This model combines effects associated with bending and stretching, considers stress and strain distributions and different thickness variations in the thickness direction, and takes force equilibrium into account. An elastic-plastic material model and Hill’s nonquadratic yield function are incorporated in the model. The model is used to obtain force, bending moment, and springback curvature. A typical two-dimensional draw bending part is divided into five regions along the strip, and the forces and moments acting on each region and the deformation history of each region are examined. Three different methods are applied to the two-dimensional draw bending problems: the first using the new model, the second using the new model but also including a kinematic directional hardening material model to consider the bending and unbending deformation in the wall, and the third using membrane theory plus bending strain. Results from these methods, including those from the recent benchmark program, are compared.

This study was conducted to explore the influencing factors of ova in vitro fertilization (IVF) and transfer of the fertilized ova into the oviduct of recipient hens. The efficiency of fertilization was compared using three aspects: (i) the different time of ova collection and transfer, (ii) egg-laying period of recipient hen; and (iii) semen volume. The following results are observed: 72%, 40% and 0% of ova were found in ovarian sac in 30∼40 min, 50∼60 min and more than 90 min post-oviposition, respectively; 20%, 18%, 14% and 5.8% of ova were fertilized with 0.1, 0.2, 0.5 and 1.0 ml semen, respectively; and 33% and 100% of healthy chickens were hatched from fertile ova with 0.1 and 0.5 ml of semen, respectively. All oocytes obtained from ovary and mid-oviduct were unfertilized. Embryos were transferred into recipient hens 30 min ± 10 min post-oviposition, and 70% of shelled eggs were produced. There were no eggs produced in the other transfer times. This demonstrated that live chicken can be obtained by IVF of ova collected shortly after oviposition. It was important that the ovum was transferred into the oviduct infundibulum of recipient hens immediately or shortly after oviposition.

The emission of courtship signals as well as the mating behavior were impaired in brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens females individually treated with 1, 2.5 or 5 μg of neem oil or when caged on rice plants sprayed with emulsified 3, 6 or 9% neem oil. A few treated females failed to produce mating calls; others emitted signals unrecognizable to males. Some treated females produced ‘normal’ signals. However, the pulse repetition frequency increased and the duration of each call decreased at higher dosages or higher concentrations of neem oil. Even when the females mated, the neem oil treatment prolonged the premating period; the mating duration was unaffected. Zusammenfassung Untersuchungen zur Beeinflussung des Werbegesangs und des Paarungsverhaltens bei Weibchen von Nilaparvata lugens (Stal) (Hom., Delphacidae) nach Behandlung mit Niemol Bei Weibchen von Nilaparvata lugens wurden sowohl der Werbegesang als auch das Paarungsverhalten nach einer Einzelbehandlung mit 1, 2,5 oder 5 μg Niemol beeintrachtigt. Dies konnte auch beobachtet werden, wenn Weibchen auf zuvor mit einer 3-, 6- oder 9% igen Niemol-Emulsion behandelten Reispflanzen angesetzt wurden. Ein Teil der behandelten Weibchen konnte keine Signale mehr aussenden, andere erzeugten fur Mannchen unverstandliche Signale. Einige behandelte Weibchen waren zwar in der Lage, normale Signale zu erzeugen, jedoch stieg hier die Wiederholungsfrequenz an und die Gesamtdauer eines jeden Rufes nahm mit zunehmender Dosierung des Niemols ab. Bei den Weibchen, die sich paarten, wurde durch die Niembehandlung die Balzzeit verlangert. Die Kopulationsdauer blieb unbeeinflust.

This paper proposes that the dimensional control of stampings requires not only surface measurement but also measurement of the strain distribution in the part. A simple model of forming a smooth panel over a die is presented and used to show how small changes in variables such as friction can affect “shape fixability” and dent resistance. It is argued that this variability in stampings can be controlled by comparing a measured strain distribution with one specified in the design stage.

Although many genetic alterations are known to be associated with human transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the urinary bladder, relatively little is known about the roles of these molecular defects, singular or in combination, in bladder tumorigenesis. We have developed a transgenic mouse model of bladder tumorigenesis using a 3.6-kb promoter of uroplakin II gene to drive the urotheliums-specific expression of oncogenes. In this study, we demonstrate that transgenic mice bearing a low copy number of SV40T transgene developed bladder carcinoma in situ (CIS), whereas those bearing high copies developed CIS as well as invasive and metastatic TCCs. These results indicate that the SV40T inactivation of p53 and retinoblastoma gene products, defects frequently found in human bladder CIS and invasive TCCs, can cause the aggressive form of TCC. Our results also provide experimental proof that CIS is a precursor of invasive TCCs, thus supporting the concept of two distinct pathways of bladder tumorigenesis (papillary versus CIS/invasive TCC). This transgenic system can be used for the systematic dissection of the roles of individual or combinations of specific molecular events in bladder tumorigenesis.