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1. African army ants at the forefront of virome surveillance in a remote tropical forest

Author

Fritz, Matthieu, Reggiardo, Bérénice, Filloux, Denis, Claude, Lisa, Fernandez, Emmanuel, Mahé, Frédéric, Kraberger, Simona, Custer, Joy M., Becquart, Pierre, Mebaley, Telstar Ndong, Kombila, Linda Bohou, Lenguiya, Léadisaelle H., Boundenga, Larson, Mombo, Illich M., Maganga, Gael D., Niama, Fabien R., Koumba, Jean-Sylvain, Ogliastro, Mylène, Yvon, Michel, Martin, Darren P., Blanc, Stéphane, Varsani, Arvind, Leroy, Eric, and Roumagnac, Philippe

Subjects
Archaeology, CC1-960, Science
Abstract

In this study, we used a predator-enabled metagenomics strategy to sample the virome of a remote and difficult-to-access densely forested African tropical region. Specifically, we focused our study on the use of army ants of the genus Dorylus that are obligate collective foragers and group predators that attack and overwhelm a broad array of animal prey. Using 209 army ant samples collected from 29 colonies and the virion-associated nucleic acid-based metagenomics approach, we showed that a broad diversity of bacterial, plant, invertebrate and vertebrate viral sequences were accumulated by army ants: including sequences from 157 different viral genera in 56 viral families. This suggests that using predators and scavengers such as army ants to sample broad swathes of tropical forest viromes can shed light on the composition and the structure of viral populations of these complex and inaccessible ecosystems.

Published
2023
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2. The genome of a bunyavirus cannot be defined at the level of the viral particle but only at the scale of the viral population.

Author

Dasgupta, Ranjit, Parker, Maxwell, Ben-Mahmoud, Sulley, Verdin, Eric, Gognalons, Patrick, Ancelin, Aurélie, Laï Kee Him, Joséphine, Girard, Justine, Vernerey, Marie-Stéphanie, Fernandez, Emmanuel, Filloux, Denis, Roumagnac, Philippe, Bron, Patrick, Michalakis, Yannis, Blanc, Stéphane, Yvon, Michel, German, Thomas, and Ullman, Diane

Subjects
Bunyavirales, genome formula, genome packaging, multipartite virus, orthotospovirus, Orthobunyavirus, RNA, Viral, Tospovirus, Genome, Viral, Virion
Abstract

Bunyaviruses are enveloped negative or ambisense single-stranded RNA viruses with a genome divided into several segments. The canonical view depicts each viral particle packaging one copy of each genomic segment in one polarity named the viral strand. Several opposing observations revealed nonequal ratios of the segments, uneven number of segments per virion, and even packaging of viral complementary strands. Unfortunately, these observations result from studies often addressing other questions, on distinct viral species, and not using accurate quantitative methods. Hence, what RNA segments and strands are packaged as the genome of any bunyavirus remains largely ambiguous. We addressed this issue by first investigating the virion size distribution and RNA content in populations of the tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) using microscopy and tomography. These revealed heterogeneity in viral particle volume and amount of RNA content, with a surprising lack of correlation between the two. Then, the ratios of all genomic segments and strands were established using RNA sequencing and qRT-PCR. Within virions, both plus and minus strands (but no mRNA) are packaged for each of the three L, M, and S segments, in reproducible nonequimolar proportions determined by those in total cell extracts. These results show that virions differ in their genomic content but together build up a highly reproducible genetic composition of the viral population. This resembles the genome formula described for multipartite viruses, with which some species of the order Bunyavirales may share some aspects of the way of life, particularly emerging properties at a supravirion scale.

Published
2023

3. Post-acquisition effects of viruses on vector behavior are important components of manipulation strategies

Author

Chesnais, Quentin, Caballero Vidal, Gabriela, Coquelle, Roxane, Yvon, Michel, Mauck, Kerry, Brault, Véronique, and Ameline, Arnaud

Subjects
Plant Biology, Biological Sciences, Infectious Diseases, Emerging Infectious Diseases, Biodefense, 2.2 Factors relating to the physical environment, Infection, Animals, Aphids, Brassica napus, Plant Diseases, Viruses, Aphid peformance, Behavioral phenotype, Pathogen transmission, Plant virus, Vector manipulation, Ecology, Evolutionary biology, Zoology
Abstract

A growing number of studies suggest that plant viruses manipulate host plant phenotypes to increase transmission-conducive behaviors by vectors. Studies on this phenomenon frequently omit examination of interactions that occur after vectors acquire virions, which provides an incomplete understanding of the ecology of plant virus manipulation. Here, by taking a full factorial approach that considered both the infection status of the host (Montia perfoliata) and viruliferous status of the aphid (Myzus persicae), we explored the effects of a circulative, non-propagative virus (Turnip yellows virus [TuYV]) on a suite of behavior and performance metrics that are relevant for virus transmission. Our results demonstrate that viruliferous aphids exhibited an increased velocity of movement and increased activity levels in locomotor and dispersal-retention assays. They also had increased fecundity and showed a capacity to more efficiently exploit resources by taking less time to reach the phloem and ingesting more sap, regardless of plant infection status. In contrast, non-viruliferous aphids only exhibited enhanced fecundity and biomass on TuYV-infected hosts, and had overall reduced dispersal and locomotor activity relative to viruliferous aphids. In this pathosystem, post-acquisition effects were stronger and more conducive to virus transmission than the purely pre-acquisition effects mediated by virus effects on the host plant. Our study provides additional support for the hypothesis that virus manipulation of vector behavior includes both pre- and post-acquisition effects and demonstrates the importance of considering both components when studying putative virus manipulation strategies.

Published
2020

9. from boots on the ground to nucleotides in the sequencer: Advances in the study of plant virus ecology using plant virus metagenomics

Author

Fritz, Matthieu, Reggiardo, Bérénice, Filloux, Denis, Claude, Lisa, Fernandez, Emmanuel, Mahe, Frédéric, Kraberger, Simona, Custer, Joy M., Becquart, Pierre, Ndong Mebaley, Telstar, Bohou Kombila, Linda, Lenguiya, Léadisaelle H., Boundenga, Larson, Mombo, Illich M., Maganda, Gael D., Niama, Fabien R., Koumba, Jean-Sylvain, Ogliastro, Mylène, Yvon, Michel, Martin, Darren Patrick, Blanc, Stéphane, Varsani, Arvind, Leroy, Eric M., Roumagnac, Philippe, Fritz, Matthieu, Reggiardo, Bérénice, Filloux, Denis, Claude, Lisa, Fernandez, Emmanuel, Mahe, Frédéric, Kraberger, Simona, Custer, Joy M., Becquart, Pierre, Ndong Mebaley, Telstar, Bohou Kombila, Linda, Lenguiya, Léadisaelle H., Boundenga, Larson, Mombo, Illich M., Maganda, Gael D., Niama, Fabien R., Koumba, Jean-Sylvain, Ogliastro, Mylène, Yvon, Michel, Martin, Darren Patrick, Blanc, Stéphane, Varsani, Arvind, Leroy, Eric M., and Roumagnac, Philippe

Abstract

Plant virus ecology began to be explored at the end of the 19th century. Since then, major advances have revealed complex virus–host–vector interactions in a variety of environments. These advances have been accelerated by development of new technologies for virus detection and characterization, the latest of which being high-throughput sequencing (HTS). HTS technologies have proved to be effective for non-targeted characterization of all or nearly all viruses present in a sample without requiring prior information about virus identity, as would be needed for virus-targeted tests. Plant virus metagenomics studies have thus made important advances, including characterization of the complex interactions between phytovirus dynamics and the structure of multi-species host communities, and documentation of the effects of anthropogenic ecosystem simplification on plant virus emergence and diversity. However, such studies must overcome challenges at every stage, from plant sampling to bioinformatics analysis. Results of two recent studies will be presented. While the first study aimed at systematically evaluate plant-associated viromes across broad agroecological interfaces, the second study aimed at using a predator-enabled metagenomics strategy to sample the virome of a remote and difficult to access densely forested African tropical region.

Published
2023

10. The genome of a bunyavirus cannot be defined at the level of the viral particle but only at the scale of the viral population

Author

Yvon, Michel, German, Thomas L., Ullman, Diane E., Dasgupta, Ranjit, Parker, Maxwell H., Ben-Mahmoud, Sulley, Verdin, Eric, Gognalons, Patrick, Ancelin, Aurélie, Laï Kee Him, Joséphine, Girard, Justine, Vernerey, Marie-Stéphanie, Fernandez, Emmanuel, Filloux, Denis, Roumagnac, Philippe, Bron, Patrick, Michalakis, Yannis, Blanc, Stéphane, Yvon, Michel, German, Thomas L., Ullman, Diane E., Dasgupta, Ranjit, Parker, Maxwell H., Ben-Mahmoud, Sulley, Verdin, Eric, Gognalons, Patrick, Ancelin, Aurélie, Laï Kee Him, Joséphine, Girard, Justine, Vernerey, Marie-Stéphanie, Fernandez, Emmanuel, Filloux, Denis, Roumagnac, Philippe, Bron, Patrick, Michalakis, Yannis, and Blanc, Stéphane

Abstract

Bunyaviruses are enveloped negative or ambisense single-stranded RNA viruses with a genome divided into several segments. The canonical view depicts each viral particle packaging one copy of each genomic segment in one polarity named the viral strand. Several opposing observations revealed nonequal ratios of the segments, uneven number of segments per virion, and even packaging of viral complementary strands. Unfortunately, these observations result from studies often addressing other questions, on distinct viral species, and not using accurate quantitative methods. Hence, what RNA segments and strands are packaged as the genome of any bunyavirus remains largely ambiguous. We addressed this issue by first investigating the virion size distribution and RNA content in populations of the tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) using microscopy and tomography. These revealed heterogeneity in viral particle volume and amount of RNA content, with a surprising lack of correlation between the two. Then, the ratios of all genomic segments and strands were established using RNA sequencing and qRT-PCR. Within virions, both plus and minus strands (but no mRNA) are packaged for each of the three L, M, and S segments, in reproducible nonequimolar proportions determined by those in total cell extracts. These results show that virions differ in their genomic content but together build up a highly reproducible genetic composition of the viral population. This resembles the genome formula described for multipartite viruses, with which some species of the order Bunyavirales may share some aspects of the way of life, particularly emerging properties at a supravirion scale.

Published
2023

11. Structure-guided mutagenesis of the capsid protein indicates that a nanovirus requires assembled viral particles for systemic infection

Author

Trapani, Stefano, primary, Bhat, Eijaz Ahmed, additional, Yvon, Michel, additional, Lai-Kee-Him, Joséphine, additional, Hoh, François, additional, Vernerey, Marie-Stéphanie, additional, Pirolles, Elodie, additional, Bonnamy, Mélia, additional, Schoehn, Guy, additional, Zeddam, Jean-Louis, additional, Blanc, Stéphane, additional, and Bron, Patrick, additional

Published
2023
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12. African army ants at the forefront of virome surveillance in a remote tropical forest

Author

Fritz, Matthieu, primary, Reggiardo, Bérénice, additional, Filloux, Denis, additional, Claude, Lisa, additional, Fernandez, Emmanuel, additional, Mahé, Frédéric, additional, Kraberger, Simona, additional, Custer, Joy M., additional, Becquart, Pierre, additional, Mebaley, Telstar Ndong, additional, Kombila, Linda Bohou, additional, Lenguiya, Léadisaelle H., additional, Boundenga, Larson, additional, Mombo, Illich M., additional, Maganga, Gael D., additional, Niama, Fabien R., additional, Koumba, Jean-Sylvain, additional, Ogliastro, Mylène, additional, Yvon, Michel, additional, Martin, Darren P., additional, Blanc, Stéphane, additional, Varsani, Arvind, additional, Leroy, Eric, additional, and Roumagnac, Philippe, additional

Published
2022
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16. Route of a Multipartite Nanovirus across the Body of Its Aphid Vector

Author

Di Mattia, Jérémy, primary, Vernerey, Marie-Stéphanie, additional, Yvon, Michel, additional, Pirolles, Elodie, additional, Villegas, Mathilde, additional, Gaafar, Yahya, additional, Ziebell, Heiko, additional, Michalakis, Yannis, additional, Zeddam, Jean-Louis, additional, and Blanc, Stéphane, additional

Published
2020
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17. Study of Turnip mosaic virus transmission activation by aphids

Author

Berthelot, Edwige, Ducousso, Marie, Macia, Jean Luc, Bogaert, Florent, Baecker, Volker, Thébaud, Gael, GALLET, Romain, Yvon, Michel, Blanc, Stéphane, Khelifa, Mounia, Drucker, Martin, Biologie et Génétique des Interactions Plante-Parasite (UMR BGPI), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations (UMR CBGP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Santé de la vigne et qualité du vin (SVQV), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I, Human frontier science project, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), and Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)

Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
Abstract

Study of Turnip mosaic virus transmission activation by aphids. 17. Rencontres de Virologie Végétale (RVV 2019)

Published
2019

19. A multicellular way of life for a multipartite virus

Author

Sicard, Anne, Pirolles, Elodie, Gallet, Romain, Vernerey, Marie-Stéphanie, Yvon, Michel, Urbino, Cica, Peterschmitt, Michel, Gutierrez, Serafin, Michalakis, Yannis, Blanc, Stéphane, Sicard, Anne, Pirolles, Elodie, Gallet, Romain, Vernerey, Marie-Stéphanie, Yvon, Michel, Urbino, Cica, Peterschmitt, Michel, Gutierrez, Serafin, Michalakis, Yannis, and Blanc, Stéphane

Abstract

Multipartite viruses have a segmented genome where each segment is encapsidated separately. In this situation the viral genome is not recapitulated in a single virus particle but in the viral population. How multipartite viruses manage to efficiently infect individual cells with all segments, thus with the whole genome information, is a long-standing but perhaps deceptive mystery. By localizing and quantifying the genome segments of a nanovirus in host plant tissues we show that they rarely co-occur within individual cells. We further demonstrate that distinct segments accumulate independently in different cells and that the viral system is functional through complementation across cells. Our observation deviates from the classical conceptual framework in virology and opens an alternative possibility (at least for nanoviruses) where the infection can operate at a level above the individual cell level, defining a viral multicellular way of life.

Published
2019

20. A plant virus drastically increases the mobility and survival of starving aphid vectors

Author

Blanc, Stéphane, Yvon, Michel, Michalakis, Yannis, Biologie et Génétique des Interactions Plante-Parasite (UMR BGPI), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), Evolution Théorique et Expérimentale (MIVEGEC-ETE), Perturbations, Evolution, Virulence (PEV), Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), and Entomological Society of America (ESA). USA.

Subjects
[SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2018

21. On the mechanisms of circulative non-propagative transmission of nanoviruses

Author

Blanc, Stéphane, Di Mattia, Jérémy, Yvon, Michel, Vernerey, Marie-Stéphanie, Pirolles, Elodie, Zeddam, Jean Louis, Biologie et Génétique des Interactions Plante-Parasite (UMR BGPI), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), International Society for Plant Pathology (ISPP). INT. The American Phytopathological Society (APS), USA., and ProdInra, Migration

Subjects
[SDV.MP.VIR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, [SDV.MP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2018

23. A multicellular way of life for a multipartite virus

Author

Sicard, Anne, primary, Pirolles, Elodie, additional, Gallet, Romain, additional, Vernerey, Marie-Stéphanie, additional, Yvon, Michel, additional, Urbino, Cica, additional, Peterschmitt, Michel, additional, Gutierrez, Serafin, additional, Michalakis, Yannis, additional, and Blanc, Stéphane, additional

Published
2019
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26. Route of a multipartite nanovirus within its aphid vector

Author

Vernerey, Marie-Stéphanie, Yvon, Michel, Gargani, Daniel, Blanc, Stéphane, Biologie et Génétique des Interactions Plante-Parasite (UMR BGPI), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (INRA). UMR Biologie et Génétique des Interactions Plante-Parasite (0385)., Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and ProdInra, Archive Ouverte

Subjects
[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], aphide vecteur, nanovirus, maladie virale, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], food and beverages, protection des cultures, pathologie végétale, maladie des plantes
Abstract

BGPI : équipe 2; Nanoviruses are multipartite ssDNA viruses transmitted by aphid vectors. Their mode of transmission is believed to be of the circulative non-propagative type [1, 2], but a recent analysis of the relative frequency of the distinct genome segments in aphids versus in plants indicated a more complex relationship [3]. Previous microscopy studies using immunofluorescence against the coat protein of Banana bunshy top virus (BBTV) confirmed that the virus is detected solely in gut and principal salivary gland cells of its aphid vector Pentalonia nigronervosa [4]. However, the subcellular localization and the cell compartment(s) with which the virus associates during transcytosis could not be determined [5]. Another unresolved question is whether, as demonstrated in monopartite viruses, nanoviruses are submitted to strong bottleneck during aphid transmission (see the abstract by Romain Gallet). In that case, when the virus particles traverse cellular barrier, different particles containing different segments may be separated, increasing the chance of loosing genomic information (loosing segments) and thus aborting transmission. We have revisited the cycle of a nanovirus, the Faba bean necrotic stunt virus, within the body of its aphid vector, Acyrthosiphon pisum, using a combination of FISH (Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization), immunolabelling, confocal and electron microscopy. FISH labeling of viral DNA indicates that the virus massively accumulates in all cells of the midgut but is virtually absent in all other regions of the gut. At the salivary glands, the virus is very much restricted not only to the principal salivary glands but also to a single cell type within these glands. No signal could ever be detected in any other organ. When using DNA-FISH probes specific to distinct segments, we could demonstrate that all segments are always colocalized within the midgut, and to a lesser extent also within the salivary gland cells. This observation contrasts with the situation in infected plant cells (see abstract from Anne Sicard), and indicate that the size of the viral population traversing cellular barriers within the aphid is often sufficiently large to prevent the loss of rare genome segments. Finally, we have indication that the genome segment N controls internalization of the virus within aphid gut cells. We currently investigate the subcellular compartment with which the virus associates, and the mode of action of the NSP protein (product of gene N)

Published
2017

27. Route of a multipartite nanovirus within its aphid vector. [P60]

Author

Vernerey, Marie-Stéphanie, Yvon, Michel, Gargani, Daniel, and Blanc, Stéphane

Subjects
food and beverages, H20 - Maladies des plantes
Abstract

Nanoviruses are multipartite ssDNA viruses transmitted by aphid vectors. Their mode of transmission is believed to be of the circulative non-propagative type [1, 2], but a recent analysis of the relative frequency of the distinct genome segments in aphids versus in plants indicated a more complex relationship [3]. Previous microscopy studies using immunofluorescence against the coat protein of Banana bunshy top virus (BBTV) confirmed that the virus is detected solely in gut and principal salivary gland cells of its aphid vector Pentalonia nigronervosa [4]. However, the subcellular localization and the cell compartment(s) with which the virus associates during transcytosis could not be determined [5]. Another unresolved question is whether, as demonstrated in monopartite viruses, nanoviruses are submitted to strong bottleneck during aphid transmission (see the abstract by Romain Gallet). In that case, when the virus particles traverse cellular barrier, different particles containing different segments may be separated, increasing the chance of loosing genomic information (loosing segments) and thus aborting transmission. We have revisited the cycle of a nanovirus, the Faba bean necrotic stunt virus, within the body of its aphid vector, Acyrthosiphon pisum, using a combination of FISH (Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization), immunolabelling, confocal and electron microscopy. FISH labeling of viral DNA indicates that the virus massively accumulates in all cells of the midgut but is virtually absent in all other regions of the gut. At the salivary glands, the virus is very much restricted not only to the principal salivary glands but also to a single cell type within these glands. No signal could ever be detected in any other organ. When using DNA-FISH probes specific to distinct segments, we could demonstrate that all segments are always colocalized within the midgut, and to a lesser extent also within the salivary gland cells. This observation contrasts with the situation in infected plant cells (see abstract from Anne Sicard), and indicate that the size of the viral population traversing cellular barriers within the aphid is often sufficiently large to prevent the loss of rare genome segments. Finally, we have indication that the genome segment N controls internalization of the virus within aphid gut cells. We currently investigate the subcellular compartment with which the virus associates, and the mode of action of the NSP protein (product of gene N).

Published
2017

28. Water deficit enhances the transmission of plant viruses by insect vectors

Author

Van Munster, Manuella, Yvon, Michel, Vile, Denis, Dader Alonso, Beatriz, Fereres, Alberto, and Blanc, Stéphane

Subjects
Vegetal Biology, Phytopathology and phytopharmacy, déficit hydrique, viruses, Virologie, fungi, food and beverages, Phytopathologie et phytopharmacie, Virology, maladie virale, transmission de virus, insecte vecteur, pathologie végétale, Biologie végétale
Abstract

Drought is a major threat to crop production worldwide and is accentuated by global warming. Plant responses to this abiotic stress involve physiological changes overlapping, at least partially, the defense pathways elicited both by viruses and their herbivore vectors. Recently, a number of theoretical and empirical studies anticipated the influence of climate changes on vector-borne viruses of plants and animals, mainly addressing the effects on the virus itself or on the vector population dynamics, and inferring possible consequences on virus transmission. Here, we directly assess the effect of a severe water deficit on the efficiency of aphid-transmission of the Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) or the Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV). For both viruses, our results demonstrate that the rate of vector-transmission is significantly increased from water-deprived source plants: CaMV transmission reproducibly increased by 34% and that of TuMV by 100%. In both cases, the enhanced transmission rate could not be explained by a higher virus accumulation, suggesting a more complex drought-induced process that remains to be elucidated. The evidence that infected plants subjected to drought are much better virus sources for insect vectors may have extensive consequences for viral epidemiology, and should be investigated in a wide range of plant-virus-vector systems

Published
2017

29. Circulative non-propagative transmission by insect vectors : nanovirus project

Author

Blanc, Stéphane, Vernerey, Marie-Stéphanie, Pirolles, Elodie, Zeddam, Jean Louis, Yvon, Michel, ProdInra, Migration, Biologie et Génétique des Interactions Plante-Parasite (UMR BGPI), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), and Réseau Biologie Adaptative des Pucerons et des Organismes Associés (BAPOA). FRA.

Subjects
[SDV.MP.VIR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

National audience

Published
2017

31. Water-stress can enhance the transmission of plant viruses by insect vectors

Author

Van Munster, Manuella, Yvon, Michel, Vile, Denis, Dader Alonso, Beatriz, Fereres, A., Blanc, Stéphane, Biologie et Génétique des Interactions Plante-Parasite (UMR BGPI), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Écophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress environnementaux (LEPSE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)

Subjects
ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SDV.BV.PEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Phytopathology and phytopharmacy
Abstract

National audience

Published
2016

32. Transmitted plant viruses can affect performances of starving aphid vectors

Author

Yvon, Michel, Michalakis, Yannis, Blanc, Stéphane, Biologie et Génétique des Interactions Plante-Parasite (UMR BGPI), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Evolution Théorique et Expérimentale (MIVEGEC-ETE), Perturbations, Evolution, Virulence (PEV), Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)

Subjects
ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SDV.BV.PEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Phytopathology and phytopharmacy
Abstract

BGPI : équipe 2; International audience

Published
2016

33. Water-stress can enhance the transmission of plant viruses by insect vectors

Author

Yvon, Michel, Vile, Denis, Dader Alonso, Beatriz, Fereres, A., Blanc, Stéphane, and Van Munster, Manuella

Subjects
Phytopathology and phytopharmacy, vecteur de maladie, pathologie virale, stress hydrique, insecte vecteur, Phytopathologie et phytopharmacie, sécheresse, vecteur de transmission des maladies
Published
2016

35. La résistance aux β-lactamines les plus récentes : les mécanismes d’apparition et de diffusion de la résistance chez les entérobactéries

Author

Yvon Michel-Briand

Subjects
Mutation, biology, medicine.drug_class, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Cefepime, Antibiotics, General Medicine, Cefpirome, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, bacterial infections and mycoses, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease_cause, Enterobacteriaceae, Microbiology, Plasmid, polycyclic compounds, medicine, bacteria, medicine.drug, Antibacterial agent
Abstract

Resistance to antibiotics may drastically diminish the efficacy of therapy in some clinical circumstances. The emergence of Enterobacteriaceae (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Aerobacter aerogenes, Escherichia coli) resistant to the more recent beta-lactam agents (cefepime, cefpirome, azthreonam and carbapenems) generally results from misuse of antibiotics, leading to the selection of preexisting resistant mutants. Resistance is usually due to beta-lactamase expression, through: -- mutations involving the beta-lactamase structure (TEM, SHV, OXA, CTX-M beta-lactamase families) and/or mutations of beta-lactamase synthesis regulators (AmpC beta-lactamases); or -- the appearance of new enzymes (PER, VEB, CMY, DHA-1, ACC-1, etc.). The level of resistance (particularly to carbapenems) is increased when porin mutations are associated with beta-lactamase expression. The spread of these new resistance mechanisms is amplified by mobilisation of resistance genes from the chromosome to a plasmid (SHV, CTX-M, CMY DHA-1 beta-lactamases genes) and by the location of these genes in mobile elements (integrons and transposons). The recent appearance of these mechanisms (particularly CTX-M beta-lactamases) in strains circulating in the community is a matter of concern.

Published
2007

36. A plant virus is a long life potion for aphid vectors

Author

Yvon, Michel, Michalakis, Yannis, Blanc, Stéphane, Biologie et Génétique des Interactions Plante-Parasite (UMR BGPI), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Evolution Théorique et Expérimentale (MIVEGEC-ETE), Perturbations, Evolution, Virulence (PEV), Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), and Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])

Subjects
[SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2015

37. Circulative non-propagative transmission in Nanoviruses: an oversimplified view?

Author

Sicard, Anne, Zeddam, Jean Louis, Yvon, Michel, Michalakis, Y., Gutierrez-Simon, Serafin, Blanc, Stéphane, Biologie et Génétique des Interactions Plante-Parasite (UMR BGPI), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (CIRAD). Montpellier, FRA., ProdInra, Migration, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)

Subjects
[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, [SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

National audience

Published
2015

38. The multiplicity of cellular infection changes depending on the route of cell infection in a plant virus

Author

Gutierrez-Simon, Serafin, Pirolles, Elodie, Yvon, Michel, Baecker, V., Michalakis, Y., Urbino, Cica, Blanc, Stéphane, ProdInra, Migration, Biologie et Génétique des Interactions Plante-Parasite (UMR BGPI), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INSERM, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (CIRAD). Montpellier, FRA., Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)

Subjects
[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, [SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

National audience

Published
2015

39. The multiplicity of cellular infection changes between primary and secondary infected cells during systemic infection by a plant virus. [P.45]

Author

Gutiérrez, Serafin, Pirolles, Elodie, Yvon, Michel, Michalakis, Yannis, and Blanc, Stéphane

Subjects
viruses, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, H20 - Maladies des plantes
Abstract

The multiplicity of cellular infection (MOI) is the number of virus genomes of a given virus species that infect individual cells. This parameter chiefly impacts the severity of within-host population bottlenecks, the intensity of genetic exchange, as well as the competition and complementation among viral genotypes. Only a fistful of formal estimations of MOI is currently available, and most reports have considered the MOI as a constant within the infected host. Nevertheless, the colonization of a multicellular host is a complex process during which the MOI may dramatically change in different organs and at different stage of the infection. We have used both qualitative and quantitative approaches to analyze the MOI during the colonization of turnip plants by the Turnip mosaic virus. Remarkably, different MOI values were observed at two phases of the systemic infection of a leaf. The MOI was low in cells primarily infected from virus circulating within the vasculature. Then, the founded populations moved from cell to cell at a very high MOI. Despite this elevated MOI during cell-to-cell progression, the viral lines displayed a territorial behavior and severely limited co-infection of cells by lineages originated in different primary sites. Our results thus unveil an intriguing colonization pattern where individual viral genomes initiate distinct lineages within a leaf. Kin genomes massively co-infect cells within a lineage, but co-infection by two distinct lineages is precluded. This pattern explains in an unforeseen way the common but uncharacterized phenomenon of spatial segregation of virus genotypes in infected plants.

Published
2015

40. Circulative non-propagative aphid-transmission of nanoviruses: an oversimplified view. [P.35]

Author

Sicard, Anne, Zeddam, Jean-Louis, Yvon, Michel, Michalakis, Yannis, Gutiérrez, Serafin, and Blanc, Stéphane

Subjects
food and beverages, H20 - Maladies des plantes
Abstract

Plant virus species of the family Nanoviridae have segmented genomes with the highest known number of segments encapsidated individually. They thus likely represent the most extreme cases of the so-called multipartite or multicomponent viruses. All species of this family are believed to be transmitted in a circulative non-propagative manner by aphid vectors, meaning that the virus simply crosses cellular barriers within the aphid body, from the gut to the salivary glands, without replicating or even expressing any of its genes. However, this assumption is largely based on analogy with the transmission of other plant viruses such as geminiviruses or luteoviruses, and the details of the molecular and cellular interactions between aphids and nanoviruses is actually poorly investigated. When comparing the relative frequencies of the eight genome segments in populations of the speciesFaba bean necrotic stunt virus (FBNSV, genus Nanovirus) within host plants and within aphid vectors fed on these plants, we evidenced reproducible changes of the frequency of some specific segments. We further show that these changes occur at early stages of the virus cycle in the aphid, within the gut, and not later when the virus is translocated into the salivary glands. This peculiar observation, which was confirmed in the three aphid vector species Acyrtosiphon pisum, Aphis craccivora andMyzus persicae, calls for a revisiting of the mechanisms of nanovirus transmission. It reveals an unexpected intimate interaction that may not fit the canonical circulative non-propagative transmission.

Published
2015

41. A pluricellular way of life for nanoviruses

Author

Sicard, Anne, Michalakis, Yannis, Zeddam, Jean-Louis, Yvon, Michel, Peterschmitt, Michel, Urbino, Cica, Gutiérrez, Serafin, Blanc, Stéphane, Sicard, Anne, Michalakis, Yannis, Zeddam, Jean-Louis, Yvon, Michel, Peterschmitt, Michel, Urbino, Cica, Gutiérrez, Serafin, and Blanc, Stéphane

Abstract

Nanoviruses are characterized by a genome composed of 6 to 8 circular ssDNA segments, each encapsidated individually in a distinct virus particle. A classical view in virology assumes that the viral replication cycle occurs within individual cells, where the whole viral genome information is replicated, and is then reiterated in successively infected cells during host invasion. In the context of multipartite viruses and of nanoviruses in particular, this view implies that at least one copy of each of the genome segments must repeatedly enter together in individual cells for successful infection and maintenance of the integral genome. Because one or more genome segments may be missing in numerous susceptible cells, thus aborting infection, the multipartite viral systems are believed to bear an enormous cost, which drastically increases with the number of segments constituting the viral genome. It has even been concluded that multipartite viruses with an elevated number of segments (typically member species of the family Nanoviridae) appear so costly that they should not have evolved and should thus not exist! To address this paradox, we have experimentally tested the thus far undisputed assumption that the segments of a multipartite virus must be together within individual cells for the system to be functional. For this, we used the nanovirus Faba bean necrotic stunt virus, which genome is composed of 8 segments. Our results indicate that the various segments are not always together within individual cells and yet, that the system scattered over several distinct cells appears functional. This observation has important implications. First, it questions the cost that has always been attributed to multipartite viral systems, where gathering a copy of each segments in single cells was though to be mandatory. Second, it demonstrates that the replication cycle of a virus is not necessarily “cell-autonomous” and that the spatial unit of a virus replication cycle can be, in

Published
2016

42. The multiplicity of cellular infection changes between primary and secondary infected cells during systemic infection by a plant virus

Author

Gutierrez-Simon, Serafin, Pirolles, Elodie, Yvon, Michel, Baecker, V., Michalakis, Yannis, Blanc, Stéphane, Biologie et Génétique des interactions Plantes-parasites pour la Protection Intégrée, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), INSERM, and ProdInra, Migration

Subjects
[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, [SDV.SA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, [SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

National audience

Published
2014

43. Psyllid vectors of the phytoplasma AP (16SrX) group in Turkey

Author

Serçe, Ç.U., Yvon, Michel, Kaya, K., Gaze, l M., Çağlayan, K., Sauvion, Nicolas, Biologie et Génétique des Interactions Plante-Parasite (UMR BGPI), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), Agricultural Faculty, Plant Protection Department, Mustapha Kemal University, Agricultural Faculty, Department of Plant Protection, Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Centro di Ricerca per la Patologia Vegetale. Rome, ITA., and ProdInra, Archive Ouverte

Subjects
[SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, phytoplasme, maladie virale, psyllidae, phytoplasma, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, [SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, [SDV.MP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, maladie des plantes, turquie
Abstract

BGPI : équipe 6; A survey was conducted in 2010 and 2011 in order to determine the presence of known vectors of apple proliferation group phytoplasmas (16SrX), namely ‘CandidatusPhytoplasma prunorum’, ‘Ca. P. mali’ and ‘Ca. P. pyri’, in different plants hosts (wild plums, conifers, and/or orchard trees). individuals were collected from Prunus spinosa, some other Prunus Abies spp. from different provinces of Turkey. Molecular typing based on COI genes and an ITS region indicated that all individuals were from the species B. ‘Ca. P. prunorum’ infection rate in overwintered adults of C. pruni was estimated as 4.70%. Phytoplasma infection rate in new generation adults of C. prunicollected only from Mersin province was estimated as 4.64%. Psyllids, collected from wild and cultured forms of pome fruit trees, were identified as C. picta, C. melanoneura, C. affinis, C. crataegi, C. pyrisuga, C. pyriand C. pyricola according to their morphological characters. The most common psyllid among the collected ones, C. picta, was infected with ‘Ca.P. mali’ with the ratio of 4.36%, but one sample was infected by ‘Ca. P. prunorum’. C. crataegi individuals collected from hawthorn were also infected by ‘Ca.P. mali’ (2.90%). C. melanoneuraand C. affiniswere infected by ‘Ca. P. pyri’ with respectively a ratio of 3.63% and 2.27%, and never by ‘Ca. P. mali’. The psyllid C. pyriwere found positive for ‘Ca. P. pyri’ (2.75%). The individuals of the species C. pyrisugaand C. pyricolawere negative for phytoplasma presence.These preliminary data indicated that, C. pruni, the main vector of ‘Ca. P. prunorum’ is prevalent in the country. The main vector of ‘Ca.P. pyri’ was C. pyri, and C. pictamight be the main vector of ‘Ca. P. mali’ Experimental transmission assays by using these vectors are in progress

Published
2012

44. Dynamics of the multiplicity of cellular infection in a plant virus

Author

Gutierrez-Simon, Serafin, Yvon, Michel, Michalakis, Yannis, Blanc, Stéphane, Biologie et Génétique des interactions Plantes-parasites pour la Protection Intégrée, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Génétique et évolution des maladies infectieuses (GEMI), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])

Subjects
[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

National audience

Published
2011

45. Dynamics of the population size of the Cauliflower mosaic virus during host colonisation

Author

Gutierrez, Serafin, Yvon, Michel, Michalakis, Y., Blanc, Stéphane, Biologie et Génétique des interactions Plantes-parasites pour la Protection Intégrée, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Génétique et évolution des maladies infectieuses (GEMI), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), and Américan Society for Virologie (ASV). Minneapolis, USA.

Subjects
[SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2011

46. Dynamics of the effective size of Cauliflower mosaic virus population during host colonisation

Author

Gutierrez, Serafin, Yvon, Michel, Pirolles, Elodie, Michalakis, Y., Blanc, Stéphane, Biologie et Génétique des interactions Plantes-parasites pour la Protection Intégrée, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Génétique et évolution des maladies infectieuses (GEMI), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), and Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (INRA). UMR Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie (1332).

Subjects
[SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

National audience

Published
2011

47. Survey on the presence of Cacopsylla pruni in Turkey : preliminary results

Author

Serce, Cigdem Ulubas, Yvon, Michel, Kaya, Kamuran, Gazel, Mona, Cengiz, Feza Can, Caglayan, Kadriye, Sauvion, Nicolas, Agricultural Faculty, Plant Protection Department, Mustapha Kemal University, Biologie et Génétique des Interactions Plante-Parasite (UMR BGPI), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), TUBITAK-Turkey, EFSA-France, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), and ProdInra, Archive Ouverte

Subjects
prunus, candidatus phytoplasma prunorum, psyllid vector, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, [SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, virus, cacopsylla, prunus spp, pathologie végétale, turquie
Abstract

Publication Inra prise en compte dans l'analyse bibliométrique des publications scientifiques mondiales sur les Fruits, les Légumes et la Pomme de terre. Période 2000-2012. http://prodinra.inra.fr/record/256699; Although 'Candidatus Phytoplasma prunorum' has been previously detected in different regions of Turkey, its vectors have not been identified yet. A survey was conducted in 2010 and 2011 in order to determine the presence of Cacopsylla pruni populations in six different fruit tree producing areas. The psyllid was found in Adana, Mersin, Bursa and Yalova on either Prunus spinosa or wild plums (Prunus spp.) and also on fir trees. The mean percentage of individuals of C. pruni infected with Ca. P. prunorum was around 23% in Mersin. Although 'Candidatus Phytoplasma prunorum' has been previously detected in different regions of Turkey, its vectors have not been identified yet. A survey was conducted in 2010 and 2011 in order to determine the presence of Cacopsylla pruni populations in six different fruit tree producing areas. The psyllid was found in Adana, Mersin, Bursa and Yalova on either Prunus spinosa or wild plums (Prunus spp.) and also on fir trees. The mean percentage of individuals of C. pruni infected with Ca. P. prunorum was around 23% in Mersin. Although 'Candidatus Phytoplasma prunorum' has been previously detected in different regions of Turkey, its vectors have not been identified yet. A survey was conducted in 2010 and 2011 in order to determine the presence of Cacopsylla pruni populations in six different fruit tree producing areas. The psyllid was found in Adana, Mersin, Bursa and Yalova on either Prunus spinosa or wild plums (Prunus spp.) and also on fir trees. The mean percentage of individuals of C. pruni infected with Ca. P. prunorum was around 23% in Mersin.

Published
2011

48. Population bottlenecks during the colonisation of different host species by different plant viruses with overlapping host ranges

Author

Gutierrez, Serafin, Yvon, Michel, Michalakis, Y., Blanc, Stéphane, Biologie et Génétique des Interactions Plantes-Agents Pathogènes, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Montpellier (ENSA M)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Evolution Théorique et Expérimentale (MIVEGEC-ETE), Perturbations, Evolution, Virulence (PEV), Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Association of Applied Biologists. GBR., Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), and Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])

Subjects
[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SDV.BV.PEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Phytopathology and phytopharmacy
Abstract

International audience

Published
2010

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