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ObjectivesThe current study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) among patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) through meta-analysis.MethodsAs of June 2023, we searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and the Cochrane Library. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) which compared the clinical outcomes of anti-CD38 mAbs plus immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs) or proteasome inhibitors (PIs) plus dexamethasone and IMiDs (or PIs) and dexamethasone alone for RRMM patients were included. Efficacy outcomes were mainly evaluated with progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). The safety was analyzed with hematologic and nonhematologic treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs). All results were pooled using hazard ratio (HR), relative risk (RR), and their 95% confidence interval (CI) and prediction interval (PI).ResultsThis meta-analysis included 11 RCTs in total. Compared with IMiDs (or PIs) and dexamethasone alone, anti-CD38 mAbs in combination with IMiDs (or PIs) and dexamethasone significantly prolonged PFS (HR: 0.552, 95% CI = 0.461 to 0.659, 95% PI = 0.318 to 0.957) and OS (HR: 0.737, 95% CI = 0.657 to 0.827, 95% PI = 0.626 to 0.868) in patients with RRMM. Additionally, RRMM patients receiving anti-CD38 mAbs in combination with IMiDs (or PIs) and dexamethasone achieved higher rates of overall response (RR: 1.281, 95% CI = 1.144 to 1.434, 95% PI = 0.883 to 1.859), complete response or better (RR: 2.602, 95% CI = 1.977 to 3.424, 95% PI = 1.203 to 5.628), very good partial response (VGPR) or better (RR: 1.886, 95% CI = 1.532 to 2.322, 95% PI = 0.953 to 3.731), and minimum residual disease (MRD)-negative (RR: 4.147, 95% CI = 2.588 to 6.644, 95% PI = 1.056 to 16.283) than those receiving IMiDs (or PIs) and dexamethasone alone. For TEAEs, the rates of hematologic and nonhematologic TEAEs, including thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, upper respiratory tract infection (URTI), pneumonia, bronchitis, dyspnea, diarrhea, pyrexia, back pain, arthralgia, fatigue, insomnia, and hypertension, were higher in the anti-CD38 mAbs in combination with IMiDs (or PIs) and dexamethasone group than in the IMiDs (or PIs) and dexamethasone group.ConclusionOur study showed that anti-CD38 mAbs in combination with IMiDs (or PIs) and dexamethasone improved PFS and OS, and achieved higher rates of overall response, complete response or better, VGPR or better, and MRD-negative, as well as higher rates of thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, URTI, pneumonia, bronchitis, dyspnea, diarrhea, pyrexia, back pain, arthralgia, fatigue, insomnia, and hypertension in RRMM patients.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD42023431071.

This research examined the suitability and regional differences of the distribution ratio of land transfer income aimed at supporting rural revitalization by calculating the distribution ratio of 31 provincial-level administrative divisions (abbreviated as 31PLAD), while providing a reference template for land transfer incomes. Herein, we collated and calculated the fiscal expenditure of five dimensions of each province (city, district) in 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020, and then predicted the situation of the next period (that is, 2025) using GM (1, 1). Further, we used a time series to calculate the land transfer income of each province in 2025. After combining these two, the possible support of land transfer income in all dimensions of rural revitalization across the 31PLAD in 2025 was calculated. Then, according to the Dagum Gini coefficient method, the regional differences of each dimension across the 31PLAD were observed. The financial expenditure of the 31PLAD across the five dimensions studied revealed that the expenditure of industrial prosperity and its proportion is higher, followed by the dimensions of ecological livability and rural civilization. The expenditure of the other dimensions, except for that of affluence in Regions I and II, is better than that of the same dimension in the region. The overall differences among the 31PLAD represent low industrial prosperity, high affluent life, similar overall differences between rural civilization and effective governance, and relatively large differences in ecological livability. Our findings provide relevant suggestions that would help support rural revitalization effectively. After focusing on the first four dimensions of rural revitalization, we suggest measures to promote the development of other dimensions within industrial prosperity and the linkage and cross-development of all dimensions so as to achieve complete rural revitalization. Further, we specify local policies and regulations for using land transfer income to make overall plans and proper arrangements. According to the industrial development and changes found among the 31PLAD, the necessary support path ahead is clear. According to the forecast trend and changes in the income difference found in this study, the PLAD could use these to plan objectives, clarify fund management, establish relevant supervision systems, and develop policy communication methods, among other measures.

Studying land comprehensive carrying capacity (LCCC) is the foundational and key requirement for determining land development planning and urban spatial development patterns of a region. However, the traditional evaluation method discounts the fuzziness and randomness of the evaluation index and its results. The cloud model combines randomness and fuzziness to reveal the correlation between randomness and fuzziness using numerical feature entropy and is used to represent the granularity of a qualitative concept. This study used the Liaoning Province as the study area, and developed a multi-dimensional evaluation index system for LCCC using a normal cloud model. Based on this, the relationship between the different elements of geological condition, resources and environment, economic scale and urban construction were studied using the coupling coordination degree model that reflected not only the system interactions but also the strengths of its degree of coordination. Our results were as follows: (1) numerical feature entropy were evaluated to determine the carrying capacity level of the land, and comprehensive land carrying capacity evaluations were conducted in terms of both quantitative results and the reliability of the results, promoting the scientific application of uncertainty theory in the field of comprehensive land evaluation as well as carrying capacity. (2) Liaoning Province’s prefecture-level cities had distinctly different LCCC, demonstrating “low in the west and high in the east” spatial distribution characteristics. Cities with established economies and relatively strong infrastructures had larger comprehensive land carrying capacities. Overall, there was considerable consistency across the region, though the “low in the west and high in the east” spatial distribution characteristics affected the degree of coordination.

Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the traumatic macular hole (TMH) closure rate and visual acuity (VA) improvement rate by comparing two treatment methods for TMH: vitrectomy and observation for spontaneous closure.Methods: PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science Library, Embase, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, and Sino Med were systematically searched from their inception to June 10, 2021. Studies in the surgery group (n = 32) and studies in the observation group (n = 12) were meta-analyzed. The primary outcomes were the TMH closure and VA improvement rates in the surgery and observation groups. The secondary outcomes were best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) improvement in the surgery group. Stata software (version 15.1) was used for the analyses.Results: Thirty-six studies that included 1,009 eyes were selected for this meta-analysis, among which 33 were retrospective studies and 3 were prospective studies. The meta-analysis showed that the random-model pooled event rate for TMH closure was 0.37 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.26–0.48) in the observation group, while it was 0.9 (95% CI, 0.85–0.94) in the surgery group. The fixed-model pooled event rate for VA improvement was 0.39 (95% CI, 0.33–0.45) in the observation group, while the random-model pooled event rate of VA improvement for the surgery group was 0.72 (95% CI, 0.63–0.80). The pooled event rate for BCVA improvement in the surgery group was 0.39 (95% CI, 0.33–0.46).Conclusions: This meta-analysis suggests that TMH hole closure and VA improvement rates in the surgery group were significantly higher than those in the observation group. Vitrectomy is an effective method for treating TMH. However, further randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are required to evaluate the efficacy and safety of surgery and observation for TMH treatment.Systematic Review Registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/#recordDetails, identifier: CRD42021276684.

This study analyzes the triple path obstacles of land transfer income in supporting rural revitalization under the premise of existing policy support. It is innovative to try to de-qualitatively analyze the obstacle factors and quantitatively measure the degree of obstacles. We examined the potential obstacles to land transfer income supporting rural revitalization in China, measured the potential comprehensive obstacle degree of 31 provincial-level administrative divisions’ land transfer income supporting rural revitalization, and constructed a way to resolve the differences. We employed inter alia the entropy method, ideal solution similarity ranking method, and cluster analyses. Potential obstacles were divided into nine types. The resolution path was constructed by combining the original and weighted values of various obstacle factors in the top three obstacle factors. It is of great significance to ensure the effective implementation of China’s “opinions on adjusting and improving the scope of land transfer income to give priority to supporting rural revitalization” (2020). This study addresses the theoretical gap in the analysis of possible paths needed to support rural revitalization in China.

In Sports Colleges, the role of input in second language acquisition is critical, serving as a structural backbone for the learning process. The typical challenges of English language education--characterized as "time-consuming and fruitless"-- are particularly pronounced due to a lack of engaging, sports-related language acquisition scenarios. Traditional teaching methods often fail to incorporate sufficient sports-specific lexical input, crucial for meeting the prerequisites of effective second language learning in this unique educational setting. This study emphasizes the need for interactive language input that integrates sports terminology and scenarios, proposing that such an approach can significantly improve engagement and educational outcomes. By focusing on interactive techniques tailored to the interests and activities of sports students, this approach seeks to create natural, compelling learning environments that enhance both linguistic and athletic training. The paper discusses ways to implement these sports-centered interactive methods to optimize English language acquisition in Sports Colleges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]