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Cancer remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Despite advances in medical treatments, current therapeutic strategies, including radiotherapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and surgical resection, have not significantly reduced the global incidence and mortality rates of cancer. Oncologists face considerable challenges in devising effective treatment plans due to the adverse side effects associated with standard therapies. Therefore, there is an urgent need for more effective and well-tolerated cancer treatments. Curcumin, a naturally occurring compound, has garnered significant attention for its diverse biological properties. Both preclinical studies and clinical trials have highlighted curcumin’s potential in cancer treatment, demonstrating its ability to inhibit the proliferation of various cancer cell types through multiple cellular and molecular pathways. This paper examines the antineoplastic properties, and the therapeutic mechanisms including cell signalling pathways targeted by curcumin that are implicated in cancer development and explores the challenges in advancing curcumin as a viable anticancer therapy.

The plantar muscle is fusiform, attaching to the calcaneus, starting behind the knee. Plantaris muscle formation has been reported in humans at a rate approaching 90%. It is frequently preferred for tendon grafting and tendon transfer in hand surgery and Achilles tendon injuries. In this study, our goal is to investigate the frequency of the presence of the plantar muscle in the Somali population. We retrospectively analyzed 607 knee MRI scans performed at Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Training and Research Hospital in Mogadishu between January 2019 and March 2022. The clinical and demographic characteristics of the patients were recorded. Patients with muscle trauma and previous surgery involving muscles, proximal tibia fracture surgery, and soft tissue tumors were dropped out of the study. 469 (77.3%) of these patients were male and 138 (22.7%) were female.182 (72%) of the male patients with right MRI saw plantaris while 68 (28%) did not. While plantaris was seen in 183 (83.5%) of the male patients who underwent left-sided MRI, plantaris was not seen in 30 (16.5%). Plantaris was seen in 62 (79.5%) of the female patients who had right-sided MRI, while plantaris was not seen in 16 (20.5%). Left plantar was present in 55 (91.7%) and absent in 5 (8.3%) female patients who underwent left-sided MRI. Since the plantaris muscle is used as a tendon graft, pre-op evaluation of its presence is important in terms of surgery and can change the surgical procedure. The presence of the plantar tendon can be revealed by using knee MRI in the Somali population living in the African continent. [Med-Science 2023; 12(4.000): 1337-40]

Abstract A traumatic femur fracture is a significant cause of morbidity, affecting one to three million individuals annually. The present is the first study investigated the epidemiological characteristics, risk factors, classification, mechanisms of injury, and early management of femoral fractures in Somalia. This retrospective epidemiological study included all patients with a femur fracture who were admitted for four years between November 2018 and December 2022 to the orthopedic and trauma surgery department. We reviewed patient demographic characteristics, including age and gender, the mechanism of injury, injury characteristics, and the type of fixation performed. We reviewed the radiographs and classified the fracture using the AO/OTA classification system. During the study period, a total of 402 patients were treated for femur fractures; 256 (64%) were males, and 144 (36%) were females. The mean patient age was 47.7 ± 8.5 years. Regarding the anatomical location of femur fractures, the proximal (31A, 31B) was the most common, accounting for 50% of the patients. Femur neck fracture (31B) was the most common in the proximal femur fractures. Gunshot 82 (59.42%) was the leading cause of femur shaft fractures. Most patients with femur shaft fractures were males; 150 (86.20%) and 152 (64.47%) were young patients between 19 and 40 years old. Almost half of the patients (86) with femur shaft fractures had open fractures. The distribution of the mechanism of injury significantly differed according to age (p 60 years), where falls from standing height were the primary mechanism of injuries. There was a statistically significant difference between the mechanism of injury and gender categories (p

IntroductionIn 2021, a regional strategy for integrated disease surveillance was adopted by member states of the World Health Organization Eastern Mediterranean Region. But before then, member states including Somalia had made progress in integration of their disease surveillance systems. We report on the progress and experiences of implementing an integrated disease surveillance and response system in Somalia between 2016 and 2023.MethodsWe reviewed 20 operational documents and identified key integrated disease surveillance and response system (IDSRS) actions/processes implemented between 2016 and 2023. We verified these through an anonymized online survey. The survey respondents also assessed Somalia’s IDSRS implementation progress using a standard IDS monitoring framework Finally, we interviewed 8 key informants to explore factors to which the current IDSRS implementation progress is attributed.ResultsBetween 2016 and 2023, 7 key IDSRS actions/processes were implemented including: establishment of high-level commitment; development of a 3-year operational plan; development of a coordination mechanism; configuring the District Health Information Software to support implementation among others. IDSRS implementation progress ranged from 15% for financing to 78% for tools. Reasons for the progress were summarized under 6 thematic areas; understanding frustrations with the current surveillance system; the opportunity occasioned by COVID-19; mainstreaming IDSRS in strategic documents; establishment of an oversight mechanism; staggering implementation of key activities over a reasonable length of time and being flexible about pre-determined timelines.DiscussionFrom 2016 to 2023, Somalia registered significant progress towards implementation of IDSRS. The 15 years of EWARN implementation in Somalia (since 2008) provided a strong foundation for IDSRS implementation. If implemented comprehensively, IDSRS will accelerate country progress toward establishment of IHR core capacities. Sustainable funding is the major challenge towards IDSRS implementation in Somalia. Government and its partners need to exploit feasible options for sustainable investment in integrated disease surveillance and response.

Abstract Background War conflicts and terror-related injuries constitute a significant public health problem in Somalia. We aim to characterize and compare the injury characteristics of gunshot and blast injuries of the extremities. Methods The data of 333 patients with gunshot and blast injuries of the extremities over three years were retrospectively reviewed. The demographics, injury characteristics, and outcomes were analyzed. Results Most of the patients had injuries due to gunshot casualties compared with blast victims (n = 222, 66.7% vs. n = 111, 33.3%). Patients with gunshot wounds (GSW) had a more significant proportion of males than those with blast wounds (BW) (95.5% vs. 85.6%, P 2-week hospital stay in 31% vs. 19%, P

Background: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a post-viral complication that has been described among children after 2–6 weeks of exposure to the COVID-19 virus from various parts of the world. However, published literature regarding MIS-C from the United Arab Emirates (UAE) is limited. The aim of this study was to investigate the demographic details, clinical, radiological and laboratory findings, disease management, and clinical outcomes of a larger group of patients from UAE presenting with features of MIS-C. Subjects and Methods: This hospital-based retrospective observational study was conducted among children between the age of 1 month and 12 years, hospitalized in the pediatric intensive care unit of a tertiary care hospital in Sharjah, from September 2020 to October 2021. Results: Our study population belonged to various nationalities from the Middle East, South Asia, and Africa. The median interquartile range age of our patient population was 7.5 (4–10) years. All the study participants presented with fever lasting for a mean duration of 5.17 days. About 93.33% and 83.33% of the patients presented with gastrointestinal and cardiovascular symptoms, respectively. MIS-C overlapping with Kawasaki disease was the most common phenotype. All the patients received intravenous immunoglobulin and steroids. There was only one death in our study cohort. Conclusions: Although our patient population belonged to mixed ethnicity most characteristics of our MIS-C patients were very similar to that of other cohorts in terms of clinical, laboratory features, and response to treatment.

Owners are responsible for performing necessary maintenance on their buildings, and they should do so whenever possible to maintain capital and ensure people’s safety while using the buildings. Lack of information and data prevents construction managers from effectively managing building assets and making decisions during the operation and maintenance phases. In Iraq, a large portion of the data used from building managers is still on paper. Construction managers face challenges due to a lack of information and data when making decisions about building assets during the operation and maintenance phases. It is clear today that the construction industry is witnessing significant growth in a numerous of areas, particularly as the sector’s demand for labor and materials grows. Building information modeling (BIM), which has grown to be closely related to all aspects of the project at various stages from planning through construction to project closing, is one of the most essential aspects of rapid development. This article presents the use of Building Information Modeling (BIM) for construction facility management. One of the purposes is helping to reduce maintenance costs and extend the life of project components. The study’s aim is to determine the impact of integrating building information modeling with maintenance management 6D/BIM by presenting a methodology utilizing BIM-FM workflow and the creation of a user-friendly comprehensive system which include information about the facility and components as well as maintenance, in addition to identify the barriers to using 6D/BIM in construction industry.