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1. Pengaruh Jumlah Kitosan dalam Pembuatan Plastik Biodegradabel dari Selulosa Sabut Kelapa dengan Pemplastik Gliserol

Author

Yustinah Yustinah, Syamsudin AB, Prasasty Putri Solekhah, Gitya Putri Novitasari, Fitri Nuryani, Moh Djaeni, and Luqman Buchori

Subjects
bioplastik, kitosan, selulosa, sabut kelapa, Agriculture (General), S1-972, Technology
Abstract

Plastik adalah salah satu benda yang tidak bisa dipisahkan dari kehidupan manusia, namun karena sifat plastik yang sulit diuraikan, maka diperlukan bahan untuk membuat plastik yang bersifat mudah didegaradasi. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mencari pengaruh konsentrasi kitosan pada proses pembuatan bioplastik dari selulosa sabut kelapa. Penambahan kitosan berguna untuk memperbaiki karatetistik produk bioplastik. Pembuatan bioplastik menggunakan metode inversi fasa, dengan variasi perbandingan massa kitosan terhadap massa serbuk sabut kelapa. Hasil bioplastik terbaik diperoleh pada perbandingan massa kitosan terhadap massa serbuk sabut kelapa sebesar 3:5, dengan karakteristik bioplastik yang dihasilkan mempunyai nilai penyerapan air 20%, nilai kuat tarik 18,1 kg/cm2, dan perpanjangan putus 18%. Hasil uji biodegradasi diperoleh semakin besar konsentrasi kitosan semakin mudah bioplastik akan terdegradasi.

Published
2023
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2. Implementasi Teacher Professional Development dengan Penerapan Lesson Study di Sekolah Muhammadiyah

Author

Testiana Deni Wijayatiningsih, Riana Eka Budiastuti, Dodi Mulyadi, Muhimatul Ifadah, Siti Aimah, and Yustinah Yustinah

Subjects
teacher professional development, leson study, smp/sma/smk muhammadiyah, Human settlements. Communities, HT51-65
Abstract

Several teachers in SMP, SMA, and SMK Muhammadiyah in Central Java have not implemented Lesson Study for Teacher Professional Development, especially in SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Cilacap, SMK Muhammadiyah Bumiayu, SMK Muhammadiyah Boja, SMK Muhammadiyah Pekalongan, and SMA Muhammadiyah Wonosobo. The implementation has two objectives, such as to analyze and assess teacher professional development via lesson study in six Muhammadiyah schools. This implementation employed descriptive quantitative and lesson study methodologies to examine the process of implementing lesson study through training models, brainstorming, and group discussions and to measure the improvement of instructors’ viewpoints before and after professional development. The performance results show that teachers actively discussed and collaborated to improve the learning process, from lesson design to open class. The teacher’s perspective questionnaire in their professional development fell into the excellent category, with an average category level above three as the results increased compared to the pre-result before implementation, category level two. All in all, teachers should be more innovative and imaginative to improve their professionalism.

Published
2022
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3. PENGARUH TEMPERATUR PADA PROSES PEMURNIAN MINYAK GORENG BEKAS DENGAN BUAH MENGKUDU

Author

Frima Viantini and Yustinah Yustinah

Subjects
Chemical technology, TP1-1185, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract

Mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia L) merupakan bahan adsorben karena antioksidan yang terkandung di dalamnya. Antioksidan tersebut berguna untuk mengikat pengotor dan membentuk senyawa kompleks yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk peningkatan kualitas minyak goreng bekas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh temperatur pada penambahan buah mengkudu yang dimanfaatkan sebagai adsorben terhadap penurunan kadar asam lemak bebas, angka peroksida, dan kepekatan warna pada minyak goreng bekas. Percobaan dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode adsorbsi dengan tahapan proses sebagai berikut proses despicing, proses netralisasi, proses bleaching dengan variasi temperatur 50oC, 60oC, 70oC, 80oC, 90oC selama 60 menit dengan konsentrasi buah mengkudu 20% dan kecepatan pengadukan 500 rpm. Analisa hasil uji pemurnian minyak goreng pada percobaan ini meliputi beberapa parameter yaitu bilangan asam, kadar asam lemak bebas, bilangan peroksida, serta bilangan warna. Dari hasil percobaan didapat temperatur optimal adalah pada temperatur 70oC dengan konsentrasi 20% buah mengkudu dan kecepatan pengadukan 500 rpm selama 60 menit dan didapatkan bilangan asam 0.3293 mgrek/mg, kadar asam lemak bebas 0,2108%, bilangan peroksida 1.65 meq/kg, dan absorbansi pada panjang gelombang 450 nm adalah 0.82. Kata Kunci : Adsorbsi, mengkudu, minyak goreng bekas, pemurnian

Published
2016
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4. EKSTRAKSI MINYAK ATSIRI DARI KULIT JERUK SEBAGAI BAHAN TAMBAHAN PADA PEMBUATAN SABUN

Author

Yustinah Yustinah

Subjects
Chemical technology, TP1-1185, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract

Jeruk adalah salah satu buah-buahan tropis yang banyak dihasilkan di Indonesia. Industri minuman banyak menggunakan buah jeruk sebagai bahan baku, sehingga mengakibatkan limbah yang dihasilkan jumlahnya cukup banyak, salah satunya limbah kulit jeruk. Tujuan penelitian adalah memanfaatan limbah kulit jeruk yang tidak dikonsumsi, sehingga akan meningkatkan nilai ekonomi limbah tersebut. Tahap penelitian mula-mula, kulit jeruk dipotong-potong kecil-kecil, kemudian timbang kulit jeruk sebanyak 300 gram lalu dilarutkan dalam etanol. Proses ekstraksi dilakukan dengan pengadukan konstan 500 rpm selama 3 jam dengan variabel jumlah pelarut sebanyak 300 ml, 350 ml, 400 ml, 450 ml dan 500 ml. Hasil ekstraksi kemudian disaring dengan melewatkannya pada Na2SO4 anhidrat dan filtratnya diambil. Selanjutnya,filtrat dipanaskan menggunakan vacum evaporator pada suhu 60°C sampai semua etanol menguap. Setelah diperoleh minyak atsiri, maka dilanjutkan proses pembuatan sabun dengan minyak atsiri yang didapat sebagai zat tambahan. Penelitian ini menghasilkan minyak atsiri yang optimum terdapat pada jumlah pelarut 500 ml sebanyak 2,3432 gram dan terendah pada jumlah pelarut 300 ml sebanyak 1,4145 gram. Dari analisa GC-MS didapatkan senyawa limonen yang terdapat dalam minyak atsiri pada waktu 7,01 menit dengan persen area sebesar 96,79%. Hasil pengujian hedonik terhadap tekstur dan aroma sabun yang sudah ditambah minyak atsiri dapat diterima oleh para panelis. Kata kunci: etanol, kulit jeruk, minyak atsiri, sabun

Published
2016
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5. KESETIMBANGAN ADSORBSI ASAM LEMAK BEBAS DAN PEROKSIDA DI DALAM MINYAK SAWIT MENTAH (CPO) MENGGUNAKAN BIOADSORBEN DARI AMPAS TEBU

Author

Yustinah Yustinah

Subjects
Chemical technology, TP1-1185, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract

Sebagai negara agraris, Indonesia menghasilkan produk pertanian beserta limbahnya. Limbah pertanian dapat tersedia sepanjang tahun, namun masih kurang dimanfaatkan. Dalam usaha meningkatan pemanfaatan limbah pertanian, maka dilakukan pengolahan limbah pertanian menjadi bioadsorben. Penelitian bertujuan mempelajari mekanisme adsorbsi asam lemak bebas (FFA) dan peroksida (PV) di dalam minyak sawit mentah (CPO) dengan bioadsorben dari ampas tebu, menggunakan model kesetimbangan adsorbsi isotherm. Ampas tebu yang sudah bersih kemudian dihaluskan, setelah itu direaksikan dengan NaOH untuk menghilangkan kandungan ligninnya, sehingga diperoleh bioadsorben. Minyak kelapa sawit mentah yang sudah dipanaskan dicampur dengan bioadsorben sesuai variasi massa yang digunakan. Campuran tersebut diaduk dengan kecepatan 500 rpm selama satu jam pada temperatur dijaga 110 oC. Selanjutnya campuran disaring dengan pompa vakum. Filtrat yang diperoleh dianalisa kadar asam lemak bebas dan bilangan peroksida. Data hasil penelitian memperlihatkan semakin besar massa bioadsorben yang digunakan, maka FFA dan PV yang terjerap semakin besar. Berdasarkan data percobaan dan model matematika, konstanta kesetimbangan dicari menggunakan least square. Model persamaan Isotherm Freundlich dan Langmuir, digunakan untuk mengevaluasi data yang diperoleh. Model kesetimbangan Langmuir paling sesuai untuk memprediksi proses adsorbsi asam lemak bebas. Sedangkan untuk memprediksi proses adsorbsi peroksida paling sesuai adalah model Freundlich. Hal ini didukung dengan nilai linieritas (R2) persamaan mendekati satu.

Published
2013
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6. PENGARUH JUMLAH SUKROSA PADA PEMBUATAN NATA DE PINA DARI SARI BUAH NANAS

Author

Yustinah Yustinah

Subjects
Chemical technology, TP1-1185, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract

Salah satuupaya penganekaragaman makanan olahanbuah nanas di Indonesia selain untuk hidangan pencuci mulut, sirup, selai, dan buah kalenganadalah pembuatan Nata de Pina dari sari buah nanas. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan penambahan sukrosa optimum pada pembuatan Nata de Pina dari sari buah nanas dan menyelidiki kelayakan dari produk yang dihasilkan dengan uji organoleptis. Nanas dikupas lalu diblender untuk diambil sari buahnya.Sari buah nanas dididihkan, kemudian ditambahkan sukrosa 2, 4, 6, 8, dan 10 % berat. Kemudian campuran dijadikan pH =5, lalu disterilisasi dalam autoclave. Setelah dingin, larutan dicampur dengan starter.Kemudian media difermentasi selama 8 hari di dalam inkubator pada 30oC. Nata de Pina yang diperoleh dioven selama dua jam pada 110oC, kemudian ditimbang beratnya. Kondisi optimum dicapai pada penambahan sukrosa 6%,denganyield 26,4%. Korelasi yield (y) dan persen sukrosa (x): y = - 0,2632x2 + 4,2736x + 9,474.Uji organoleptis melibatkan fermentasi Nata de Pina dengan penambahan sukrosa 6%. Nata hasil fermentasi dibandingkan teksturnya dengan nata yang ada dipasaran.Dari metode Inverted Beta F Distribution diketahui bahwa Nata de Pina yang diperoleh tidak mempunyai perbedaan dengan Nata yang ada dipasaran. Kata Kunci : Nata de Pina, fermentasi, nanas

Published
2012

9. Implementation of Religious Justice In Marketing The Products of Central Java's Muhammadiyah Business Charities.

Author

Juma'i and Yustinah

Subjects
INDONESIANS, JOB performance, JUSTICE, RELIGIOUS identity, MARKETING
Abstract

The implementation of religious justice in Muhammadiyah Charity (AUM) can be seen from the perspective of its muamalah. Muhammadiyah Charity (AUM) provides benefits not only from which company is an Indonesian citizen and is Muslim or not. In Managerial, it is very open to be able to join both as an employee and as a control holder of the management of the Muhammadiyah Business Charity. The type of research used is field research, The subject in this study is Muhammadiyah charity (AUM) Central Java, The type of data needed in this study consists of primary data and secondary data, data collection methods with Interview or Interview Method, observation and documentation, Data analysis used is non-statistical analysis but with descriptive analysis. The implementation of religious justice in the marketing of Muhammadiyah charity products goes hand in hand with the vision and mission of an independent organization and moves in amar makruf nahi munkar. good management and management of the organization and employee performance based on the One and Only God and justice for all Indonesian people. The marketing of Muhammadiyah Charity products with religious justice can be seen from the way employees and partners are recruited, all are very open and can take part, not necessarily from within a certain company or organization. Equality and equality as part of religious justice can be based on the philosophy of ta'awun. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024

10. Blended Learning of Indonesian Language Based on Merdeka Learning Independent Campus and Creative Economy

Author

Yustinah Yustinah

Abstract

Blended Learning Indonesian based on Merdeka-Belajar Kampus Merdeka-(MBKM) and Creative Economy at the Faculty of Economics, University of Muhammadiyah Semarang needs special attention. This is motivated by post-covid conditions—requiring student adaptation-- to an effective face-to-face learning situation. More than that, the advantages of blended learning are the latest effective learning solutions. This study aims to explain the implementation of lectures and evaluate Blended Learning Indonesian at the Faculty of Economics—majoring in Accounting and Management, University of Muhammadiyah Semarang. Blended Learning Indonesian be carried out through the stages of MBKM -- planning, implementing, and evaluating learning -- with creative economy content. These three stages are carried out to obtain maximum learning results. The subjects of the study were 254 fifth-semester Management students and first-semester Accounting students who were taking Indonesian courses. This study is descriptive statistical research. Data collection is carried out by filling in instruments using Google Forms. Data processing is carried out by comparing the percentage of the tendency of each student's answer. The results showed that Blended Learning Indonesian based on Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka and Creative Economy at the Faculty of Economics, University of Muhammadiyah Semarang was implemented effectively. In the future, blended learning in Indonesian be an effective solution and a new breakthrough in independent learning.

Published
2023

11. Characteristics of biochar from pyrolysis of solid waste hydrodistillation of cardamom seed oil (Amomum cardamomum).

Author

Nisavira, Prismatika, Agustian, Egi, Muttaqii, Muhammad Al, Sudiyani, Yanni, Yustinah, Yustinah, Nugrahani, Ratri Ariatmi, Kurniasari, Indah, Sari, Dayu Dian Perwata, and Sulaswatty, Anny

Subjects
SOLID waste, OILSEEDS, BIOCHAR, CARDAMOMS, SEED yield, BRIQUETS
Abstract

This study aims to determine the characteristics of biochar from the pyrolysis of solid waste hydrodistillation of cardamom fruit oil. Pyrolysis temperature conditions 250-450°C for 1 h. At a temperature of 450°C, the optimum conditions for biochar from cardamom seeds and husk yields 38.55 wt.% and 34.27 wt.%, water content of 5.72 wt.% and 8.7 wt.%, respectively. The calorific value of seed and husk biochar was 6201.15 cal/g and 4343.19 cal/g. The results of the CHN test showed significant changes after pyrolysis of cardamom seeds and husk, where C content was 64.43 wt.% and 48.94 wt.%, H content was 3.98 wt.% and 2.97 wt.%, and N was 2.96 wt.% and 1.29 wt. %. The FTIR analysis resulted in a new peak in the wavelength range of 1919 cm−1 to 2170 cm−1 (the functional group of organic compounds C≡C (alkynes)). From SEM-EDX, it was observed very significant differences were obtained at 1500 x magnification for cardamom seeds (C changed from 62.73 wt.% to 67.10 wt.%) and husk (C changed from 48.25 wt. % to 68.18 wt.%) waste biochar. From these results, the carbon content is abundant which is the active side of biochar, which allows cardamom waste biochar to be applied as bio briquettes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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12. ANALISIS KETERAMPILAN KOMUNIKASI PADA PEMBELAJARAN PERKENALAN DIRI BAHASA INGGRIS KELAS X SMK

Author

Hayati Wasistyo Adi, Dinar Budi, Lina Murniasih, Nur Khirin, Muhimatul Iffadah, Yustinah Yustinah, and Eny Winaryati

Abstract

Communication skills are one of the characteristics of 21st century learning. Students are required to have good communication skills to compete with the outside world. These skills can be started with self-introduction material which is the first material taught to class X students. The purpose of this research is to analyze students' communication skills in self-introduction material. With a lesson study approach that has a plan, do, see stage, students' communication skills are expected to improve. The subjects of this study were students of class X Islamic Banking at SMK Muhammadiyah 2 Boja. This type of research is qualitative. While the data obtained through observation, questionnaires, and interviews. Students were initially asked to write a self-introduction text with a small group. In these groups, students help each other and correct the results of their work. Not only self-introduction texts but also students' pronunciation or articulation when introduced orally. Students practice many times in the group. Then students come forward to get acquainted with their classmates. The discussion stage carried out by students was proven to increase their confidence when they came to the front of the class. Students can also compose self-introduction texts with correct vocabulary and grammar. Therefore, the implementation of lesson study to improve students' communication skills proved successful

Published
2022

13. INCREASING STUDENT LITERACY ABILITIES SUPPORTING THE INTERNSHIP PROGRAM AT THE FACULTY OF ECONOMICS, MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY, SEMARANG.

Author

Yustinah and Sulthan, Faqih

Subjects
STUDENT attitudes, INTERNSHIP programs, INDONESIAN language, DECISION making
Abstract

This research improved the students' literacy skills based on management and accounting in supporting the internship program at the economic faculty of Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang. The researchers improved literacy skills by preparing, promoting, and evaluating the treatment. The content of management and accountancy covered the managerial system, such as (1) planning, (2) implementing, (3) evaluating, and (4) empowering, starting from the plan, control, evaluation, and decision-making. The subjects consisted of the fifth semesters of the management study program and accountancy study program who joined the Indonesian language course. This descriptive statistic research collected the data from Google Forms. The results showed that planning obtained a percentage of 59.9%, implementation with 57.25%, and evaluation with 62.3%. The results indicated the students’ literacy skills needed improvements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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15. Pelatihan Pemanfaatan Minyak Goreng Bekas Menjadi Sabun Padat di SMK Jayabeka 02 Karawang

Author

Yustinah, Athiek Sri Redjeki, Fatma Sari, Sampor Ali, Sarah Fauziah, Wike Maylani

Subjects
Minyak goreng bekas, sabun padat, wirausaha
Abstract

Minyak goreng banyak digunakan di masyarakat dalam kehidupan di rumah tangga maupun dalam usaha kuliner. Penggunaan minyak goreng secara berulang-ulang pada suhu tinggi (160-180 oC) disertai adanya kontak dengan udara dan air dalam bahan yang digoreng pada saat proses penggorengan akan mengakibatkan terjadinya reaksi degradasi pada minyak goreng. Reaksi degradasi dapat menghasilkan senyawa-senyawa yang dapat menurunkan kualitas minyak goreng. Selain itu juga mengakibatkan terjadi perubahan warna minyak goreng dari warna kuning jernih menjadi warna lebih gelap. Sehingga karena reaksi degradasi tersebut membuat minyak goreng menjadi kotor dan banyak ampasnya. Pemakaian minyak goreng yang sudah kotor (minyak goreng bekas), dapat menimbulkan penyakit bagi orang yang mengkonsumsinya. Hal ini mengakibatkan minyak goreng bekas akan dibuang ke lingkungan, yang mengakibatkan pencemaran baik di tanah maupun di sungai. Limbah minyak bekas dapat dikurangi dengan memanfaatan minyak goreng bekas menjadi sabun padat, yang berguna untuk mencuci baju. Pengabdian masyarakat kali ini dengan mitra SMK Jayabeka 02 Karawang. Program pelatihan pembuatan sabun padat dari minyak goreng bekas, bertujuan untuk mengurangi limbah minyak goreng bekas. Selain itu untuk meningkatkan nilai ekonomi limbah minyak goreng bekas.

Published
2023
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20. Nanostructured Nickel-Cobalt Oxide and Sulfide for Green Energy Production Using Waste Water

Author

Sanjay R. Mishra, Felio Perez, Yustinah Ndambakuwa, Wadzanai Ndambakuwa, Jonghyun Choi, Ram K. Gupta, and Ganga Fernando

Subjects
inorganic chemicals, chemistry.chemical_classification, Materials science, Sulfide, Oxygen evolution, Oxide, chemistry.chemical_element, Overpotential, Redox, Nickel, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Chemical engineering, Water splitting, Cobalt oxide
Abstract

With the advancement in technology, demand for green energy production is increasing year by year. To meet the increasing demand for green energy, there has been continuous research in a bid to find better materials and efficient ways to generate energy. Transition metals such as Fe, Mo, Ni, etc. based materials have shown great potential to be used as electrocatalysts for water splitting, and the urea oxidation reaction (UOR). In this work, nanostructured nickel-cobalt oxide and nickel-cobalt sulfide were synthesized using a facile hydrothermal method for their applications in water splitting and UOR. It was observed that the properties of nickel-cobalt oxide improved significantly after converting it to nickel-cobalt sulfide. Nickel-cobalt sulfide showed an overpotential of 282 mV while nickel-cobalt oxide displayed an overpotential of 379 mV to generate a current of 10 mA/cm2 , towards oxygen evolution. After introduction of 0.33 M urea, the potential for oxidation of urea for both nickel-cobalt oxide and nickel-cobalt sulfide is decreased to 1.34 V.

Published
2021

21. Nanostructured nickel-cobalt oxide and sulfide for applications in supercapacitors and green energy production using waste water

Author

Felio Perez, D. Neupane, Sanjay R. Mishra, Wadzanai Ndambakuwa, Ram K. Gupta, Jonghyun Choi, Yustinah Ndambakuwa, and Ganga Fernando

Subjects
inorganic chemicals, Supercapacitor, chemistry.chemical_classification, Materials science, Sulfide, Oxygen evolution, Oxide, 02 engineering and technology, Surfaces and Interfaces, General Chemistry, Overpotential, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, Energy storage, 0104 chemical sciences, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, chemistry.chemical_compound, Chemical engineering, chemistry, Materials Chemistry, Water splitting, 0210 nano-technology, Cobalt oxide
Abstract

With the advancement in technology, the demand for green energy production and storage is increasing year by year. To meet the increasing demand for green energy, there has been continuous research in a bid to find better materials and efficient ways to store energy. Supercapacitors continue to show a promising green energy storage capacity with their modified and improved electrode materials, which show better electrochemical properties. Transition metals such as Fe, Mo, Ni, etc. based materials have shown great potential for electrode materials in supercapacitors, electrocatalysts for water splitting, and urea oxidation reaction (UOR). In this work, nanostructured nickel‑cobalt oxide and nickel‑cobalt sulfide were synthesized using a facile hydrothermal method for their applications in a supercapacitor, water splitting, and urea oxidation reaction. It was observed that the properties of nickel‑cobalt oxide improved significantly after converting it to nickel‑cobalt sulfide. The energy storage capacity of nickel‑cobalt sulfide was significantly enhanced compared to nickel‑cobalt oxide. Additionally, nickel‑cobalt sulfide showed an overpotential of 282 mV, while nickel‑cobalt oxide displayed an overpotential of 379 mV to generate a current density of 10 mA/cm2, towards oxygen evolution reaction. After the introduction of 0.33 M urea, the potential for oxidation of urea for both nickel‑cobalt oxide and nickel‑cobalt sulfide was reduced significantly.

Published
2021

22. Production of polyhydroxybutyrate from oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) hydrolysates by Bacillus cereus suaeda B-001

Author

Yustinah, Nurul Hidayat, Alamsyah, Rizal, Roslan, Ahmad Muhaimin, Hermansyah, Heri, Gozan, Misri, Yustinah, Nurul Hidayat, Alamsyah, Rizal, Roslan, Ahmad Muhaimin, Hermansyah, Heri, and Gozan, Misri

Abstract

Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) is a biodegradable polymer accumulated in intracellular granules by numerousbacteria. Its physical and chemical characteristics are like those of petrochemical plastics. PHB is producedmainly by gram-negative bacteria such asRalstonia eutropha, which have lipopolysaccharides that co-purify withthe PHB and cause immunogenic reactions, limiting their use for biomedical applications. PHB produced fromgram-positive bacteria such asBacillus spp.do not have lipopolysaccharides, which makes it suitable for bio-medical application. The aim of this work was to evaluate the ability ofBacillus cereus suaedaB-001 to accu-mulate PHB using oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) hydrolysate as the sole carbon source, comparing it tocommercial glucose as the control. OPEFB was chemically pre-treated using an acid-hydrolysed process bysulphuric acid and neutralized by a NaOH solution to obtain reducing sugars. PHB biopolyester accumulated to43.1% of cell dry weight with glucose at 15 g/L as the sole carbon source, and PHB accumulated to 55.4% of celldry weight using OPEFB hydrolysates at 20 g/L. The conversion of OPEFB acid hydrolysates to PHB using thegram-positive bacteriaBacillus cereus suaedaB-001 has not been reported.

Published
2019

23. PENGARUH LAMA PROSES ADSORBSI TERHADAP PENURUNAN KADAR ASAM LEMAK BEBAS (FFA) DAN BILANGAN PEROKSIDA (PV) PADA MINYAK SAWIT MENTAH (CPO) MENGGUNAKAN BIOADSORBEN DARI ENCENG GONDOK

Author

Yustinah Yustinah and R. R. Aisha Nastiti Rahayu

Subjects
Bioadsorben, lcsh:TA1-2040, Adsorbsi, Enceng gondok, lcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), Minyak sawit mentah
Abstract

Sebagai negara agraris, Indonesia menghasilkan produk pertanian beserta limbahnya. Limbah pertanian dapat tersedia sepanjang tahun, namun masih kurang dimanfaatkan. Dalam usaha meningkatkan pemanfaatan limbah pertanian, maka dilakukan pengolahan limbah pertanian menjadi bioadsorben. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari pengaruh lama proses adsorbsi terhadap kemampuan bioadsorben dari limbah pertanian yaitu enceng gondok untuk menurunkan kadar asam lemak bebas (FFA) dan bilangan peroksida (PV) pada minyak kelapa sawit mentah (CPO). Batang enceng gondok yang sudah bersih dan kering kemudian dihaluskan, setelah itu direaksikan dengan NaOH untuk menghilangkan kandungan ligninnya, sehingga diperoleh bioadsorben. Minyak kelapa sawit mentah yang sudah dipanaskan, kemudian dicampur dengan 3 gram bioadsorben. Campuran tersebut diaduk dengan kecepatan 500 rpm selama 20 sampai 100 menit sesuai dengan variabel yang digunakan, dan temperatur dijaga 80 o C. Selanjutnya campuran disaring dengan pompa vakum dan diambil filtratnya. Filtrat yang diperoleh dianalisa kadar asam lemak bebas, bilangan peroksida dan absorbansinya. Dari hasil penelitian ini diperoleh bahwa dengan waktu proses adsorbsi selama 100 menit, menghasilkan kadar asam lemak bebas terendah yaitu sebesar 11,47%, bilangan peroksida terendah yaitu sebesar 10,72 mg oksigen/100 gr minyak dan nilai absorbansi terendah sebesar 1,849 Abs.

Published
2014

24. EVALUASI RUANG KERJA BAGIAN REKAM MEDIS RAWAT INAP BERDASARKAN ASPEK TATA RUANG KANTOR DI RUMAH SAKIT DELTA SURYA SIDOARJO

Author

Yustinah Rumiati, Bambang Nudji, Muhadi Muhadi, and Yasida Bella Asri

Abstract

Rumah Sakit Delta Surya Sidoarjo merupakan rumah sakit tipe C, dengan luas ruang rekam medis adalah 33 m2, yang memiliki fasilitas antara lain: meja, kursi, almari dan lain-lain. Dimana ruang kerja rekam medisnya banyak ditemukan tumpukan Berkas Rekam Medis rawat inap, di atas meja dan di atas lantai. Dengan luas yang terbatas, ruang kerja Rekam Medis terlihat lebih sempit, karena banyak tumpukan berkas rekam medis rawat inap yang belum diolah. Dengan kondisi seperti itu, akses jalan untuk Perekam Medis semakin tidak leluasa. Di samping itu keamanan berkas rekam medis tidak terjamin dan sangat rawan terjadi kehilangan berkas rekam medis. Berdasarkan uraian permasalahan di atas, menjadi dasar pertimbangan peneliti untuk melakukan penelitian tentang evaluasi ruang kerja rekam medis berdasarkan aspek tata ruang kantor di Rumah Sakit Delta Surya Sidoarjo. Dengan beban kerja yang cukup tinggi dapat mengakibatkan kelelahan kerja dan akan berakibat pula pada gangguan kesehatan. Untuk meminimalisir dampak buruk tersebut, diperlukan upaya-upaya yang nyata dari rumah sakit. Salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan adalah dengan lebih memperhatikan faktor lingkungan kerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang ulang ruang kerja perekam medis berdasarkan aspek tata ruang kantor di Rumah Sakit Delta Surya Sidoarjo. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif, subjek dari penelitian ini adalah ruang kerja perekam medis di Rumah Sakit Delta Surya Sidoarjo. Instrumen dari penelitian ini menggunakan lembar observasi dan lembar kuesioner. Dalam penelitian ini lembar observasi digunakan untuk mengetahui objek penelitian secara langsung, sehingga peneliti mudah memahami proses pelaksanaan dilapangan. Data yang disajikan nantinya berdasarkan survei lapangan akan dibandingkan dengan teori.

Published
2020

27. Analisis Kesalahan Siswa Kelas IV Sekolah Dasar dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Matematika Materi Operasi Hitung Campuran Bilangan Bulat

Author

Andriani, Ika Rahma, Yustinah, Fatimatul, and Nurika, Fitri

Subjects
LB Theory and practice of education, LB1501 Primary Education, L Education (General)
Abstract

Hasil wawancara dengan seorang siswa kelas IV sekolah dasar diketahui bahwa siswa seringkali mengalami kesulitan dalam mengerjakan soal operasi hitung campuran bilangan bulat. Hal tersebut ditunjukkan dengan nilai ulangan harian siswa pada materi operasi hitung campuran bilangan bulat yang belum mencapai KKM. Oleh karena itu baik guru maupun calon guru penting untuk mencari tahu jenis-jenis kesalahan apa saja yang seringkali dilakukan siswa dalam melakukan operasi hitung campuran bilangan bulat sehingga guru maupun calon guru dapat melakukan perbaikan dalam proses pembelajaran agar tidak terjadi kesalahan yang sama. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah (1) untuk mengidentifikasi jenis-jenis kesalahan apa saja yang dilakukan siswa kelas IV sekolah dasar dalam menyelesaikan soal matematika materi operasi hitung campuran bilangan bulat; (2) untuk mengidentifikasi jumlah dari masing-masing jenis kesalahan yang dilakukan siswa kelas IV sekolah dasar dalam menyelesaikan soal matematika materi operasi hitung campuran bilangan bulat. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah seorang siswa kelas IV sekolah dasar tahun ajaran 2016-2017. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah soal tes uraian terdiri dari 10 soal matematika materi operasi hitung campuran bilangan bulat. Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh, kesalahan yang dilakukan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal matematika materi operasi hitung campuran bilangan bulat kelas IV sekolah dasar yaitu jenis kesalahan konsep, kesalahan acak, dan kesalahan operasi hitung. Adapun jumlah dari masing-masing jenis kesalahan antara lain kesalahan konsep sebanyak tujuh, kesalahan acak sebanyak dua, dan kesalahan operasi hitung sebanyak satu. Jadi, jenis kesalahan yang paling banyak dilakukan adalah jenis kesalahan konsep yang disebabkan karena salah dalam memahami konsep yang telah diberikan oleh guru.

Published
2017

28. Production of polyhydroxybutyrate from oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) hydrolysates by Bacillus cereus suaeda B-001

Author

Rizal Alamsyah, Nurul Hidayat, Heri Hermansyah, Ahmad Muhaimin Roslan, Yustinah, and Misri Gozan

Subjects
biology, Chemistry, technology, industry, and agriculture, Bacillus cereus, Bioengineering, macromolecular substances, Suaeda, biology.organism_classification, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Biodegradable polymer, Hydrolysate, Polyhydroxybutyrate, Ralstonia, Dry weight, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), Food science, Agronomy and Crop Science, Bacteria, Food Science, Biotechnology
Abstract

Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) is a biodegradable polymer accumulated in intracellular granules by numerous bacteria. Its physical and chemical characteristics are like those of petrochemical plastics. PHB is produced mainly by gram-negative bacteria such as Ralstonia eutropha, which have lipopolysaccharides that co-purify with the PHB and cause immunogenic reactions, limiting their use for biomedical applications. PHB produced from gram-positive bacteria such as Bacillus spp. do not have lipopolysaccharides, which makes it suitable for biomedical application. The aim of this work was to evaluate the ability of Bacillus cereus suaeda B-001 to accumulate PHB using oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) hydrolysate as the sole carbon source, comparing it to commercial glucose as the control. OPEFB was chemically pre-treated using an acid-hydrolysed process by sulphuric acid and neutralized by a NaOH solution to obtain reducing sugars. PHB biopolyester accumulated to 43.1% of cell dry weight with glucose at 15 g/L as the sole carbon source, and PHB accumulated to 55.4% of cell dry weight using OPEFB hydrolysates at 20 g/L. The conversion of OPEFB acid hydrolysates to PHB using the gram-positive bacteria Bacillus cereus suaeda B-001 has not been reported.

Published
2019

30. Anti-hepatitis B surface (anti-HBs) seroprotection in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia post hepatitis B vaccination in Indonesia

Author

Yustinah, Roni Naning, and Nenny Sri Mulyani

Subjects
Anti hbs, lcsh:R5-920, Chemotherapy, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Lymphoblastic Leukemia, medicine.medical_treatment, lcsh:R, lcsh:Medicine, Hepatitis B, medicine.disease, Malignancy, Hepatitis B infection, anti-HBs seroprotection level – post hepatitis B vaccination – acute lymphoblastic leukemia – Indonesian cases, Hepatitis b vaccination, Internal medicine, Immunology, medicine, General hospital, lcsh:Medicine (General), business
Abstract

Children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) receiving chemotherapy are at high risk for developing hepatitis B infection. Protective effect of hepatitis B vaccination in children with ALL in Indonesia has not been investigated yet. The aim of study was to determine the proportion difference of anti-HBs seroprotection between children with ALL and without malignancy post hepatitis B vaccination. We had conducted a case-control study from January to February 2012 at Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta. We ascertained 1-15 years old children with ALL receiving chemotherapy and without malignancy who had hepatitis B vaccination. Sixty seven children were included in this study. Anti-HBs seroprotection level was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results were analyzed using Chi-square test. Twenty one children (65.6%) with ALL and 13 children (37.1%) without malignancy showed anti-HBs seroprotection. The difference was statistically significant with p-value of 0.020 (prevalence ratio [PR]=0.3; 95% CI=0.11-0.84). Both groups showed no significantly difference of anti-HBs seroprotection according to either female gender, risk classification, or phase of chemotherapy with p-value of 0.38 (PR =4; 95% CI=1.05-15.2), 0.248 (PR =3.37; 95% CI=0.58-19.6) or 0.214, respectively. In conclusion, the proportion of anti-HBs seroprotection in children with ALL is higher than those without malignancy.

Published
2014

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