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This paper studied about analysis characteristics of wind speed at Pauh Putra, Perlis, where nearest to Chuping station, Perlis, Malaysia. The wind speed characteristics consist of monthly and annual wind speed in Perlis, Malaysia. By using Weibull distribution, three different methods to calculate the potential of wind power generation and analysis the characteristics of wind speed at Pauh Putra, Perlis. The results present the means wind speed is 1.0790 m/s and 1.1321 m/s for 2018 and 2019, respectively. The highest monthly mean wind speed occurred in February for both years, 2018 and 2019. Besides, the lowest monthly wind speed for 2018 in May and for 2019 in October. The Weibull distribution summarized the highest probability density is 120% in the wind speed, 1.1 m/s using the Maximum Likelihood Method (MLM) method for these two years. Furthermore, this research found that the Energy Pattern Factor (EPF) Method is stretched to the right, and its height decreased from other methods for both years based on the graph of the wind speed of probability density function. The Maximum Likelihood Method (MLM) for these two years is higher because its shape parameters are relatively higher based on the graph of the wind speed of probability density function. more...

A study of solar radiation in one area is very important to decide the area is suitable or not to be constructed the generation of photovoltaic (PV) system. The solar radiation can be recorded using the equipment of solar power meter or weather station. But it is due to the limitation of equipment, maybe a technical error occurs on the equipment, thus the equipment has a problem to record the data of solar radiation or one area has no equipment of solar radiation recording. An estimation method of solar radiation is needed to solve the problem. This paper presents an estimation of solar radiation using discriminate analysis algorithm (DAA) that it is applied to the output voltage of PV module. The data of daily measured solar radiation, maximum and minimum temperature are obtained from Chuping Weather Station through the web of world weather online for the year of 2019. The maximum and minimum temperature are as predictor variables in the DAA to obtain the daily estimated solar radiation. The result of daily estimated solar radiation is applied to the output voltage of PV module and compared to the output voltage of PV module applied by the daily measured solar radiation using the statistical analysis, they are root mean square error (RMSE) and error percentage. The results show that the estimated and measured solar radiation have RMSE of 0.257 and error percentage of 1.649%. They indicate that the DAA is acceptable to estimate the solar radiation. more...

Photovoltaic is use to supply electricity from sunlight. Inverter is used to convert the direct current (DC) from photovoltaic to alternating current (AC). This project is to design and develop a single phase inverter that able to invert the input voltage of DC to output voltage of AC using PROTEUS software. The inverter based on 8 bits for one cycle of a driver pulse wave. This simulation used before doing the hardware. This software can save a lot of time on this exact simulation of the prototype. more...

Generally this project is to improve the dynamic power system stability using fuzzy logic power system stabilizer (FLPSS) which applied to the excitation system. This research is started by electric power system mathematic modelling (state variable equation) and block diagram then set membership function of fuzzy logic power system stabilizer (FLPSS). Block diagram model (plant system) is formed from state variable equation. The plant is controlled by fuzzy logic power system stabilizer (FLPSS) which its input and output from the rotor speed and to excitation system, respectively. To observe the oscillation of dynamic power system stability, the electrical power is varied ± 0.1 pu (positive and negative value indicate an increasing and decreasing electrical power, respectively). The result shows that using FLPSS, the oscillation of dynamic power system can be improved. The overshoot of electric power and rotor speed change oscillation after the disturbance is smaller than the conventional, and also the time to reach the steady state is faster. more...

As a renewable energy and clean energy source, solar power has great development potential. This paper presents the potential of solar radiation and ambient temperature characteristics can be used as alternative energy. All data collected using Davis Vantage Pro2 Weather Station at Centre of Engineering for Renewable Energy (CERE) in Kangar, Perlis. All data consist of daily and monthly average was analyzed. The result shows the average solar radiation and ambient temperature is high in the middle of the year 2013 which is from April to September. These results provide useful information for the design of solar energy system in order to plan the productive system. more...

The purpose of this paper is discussed about comparative efficiency of solar panel by utilize DC water pump and DC hybrid cooling system. Ambient temperature and solar irradiance are played main role of the efficiency of PV module. When temperature of PV module increase, the efficiency of PV module will decreased and vice versa. When solar irradiance increase, output current and output power will increase with linear and output voltage will increase with marginal and vice versa. A solution is provided to solve problem of low efficiency of PV module which is DC cooling system. DC brushless fan and water pump with inlet/outlet manifold were designed for actively cool the PV module to improve efficiency of PV cells. The PV module with DC water pump cooling system increase 3.52 %, 36.27 %, 38.98 % in term of output voltage, output current, and output power respectively. It decrease 6.36 °C compare than to PV module without DC water pump cooling system. While PV module with DC hybrid cooling system increase 4.99 %, 39.90 %, 42.65 % in term of output voltage, output current, and output power respectively. It decrease 6.79 °C compare to PV module without DC water pump cooling system. The higher efficiency of PV module, the payback period of the system can be shorted and the lifespan of PV module can be longer. more...

Uninterrupted power supply (UPS) sits between a power supply such as wall outlet and devices to prevent undesired feature that can occur within the power source such as outages, sags, surges and bad harmonics from the supply to avoid a negative impact on the devices. This paper presents a photovoltaic (PV) powered UPS using microcontroller PIC16F628A-I/P. It is a standby UPS whereas if the main power source fails to supply power to loads, a battery powered inverter turns on to continue supplying power. The battery is charged by the PV using solar charger and transfer switch controlled by the microcontroller. In this research, AC three-level waveform single phase inverter was developed and created by a microcontroller PIC16F627A-I/P with varied maximum voltage angle from 200 to 1800 and tested to a load of 240 V, 20 W AC aquarium water pump, and also analyzed effect of maximum voltage angle on the three-level single phase inverter performance. The result showed that maximum voltage angles of the inverter effected on root mean square value of AC voltage, current and power. If the maximum voltage angle was increased, therefore value of the AC voltage, current and power would increase. The maximum voltage angle would effect on the current total harmonic distortion (CTHD), the lowest CTHD of 15.448% was obtained when the maximum voltage angle was 1340. more...

This paper describes a small scale energy transfer by using magnetic coil made ​​with enamel coil, which is installed on the transceiver side and function generator and RF power amplifier are installed as source to generated signal, and on the receiving side is using an enamel coil materials as antenna. In this experiment obtained energy as it travels from the transceiver can be received at the receiver side without any media or cable, the principle of electromagnetic fields used in this experiment. Number of coil inductive coupling has been compare. Number of turn 4, efficiency 91 % at 0 cm with 4.55 volt and the lower efficiency 70% at 5 cm with 3.1 volt. And number of turn 8, efficiency 97.8% at 0 cm with 4.89 volt and the lower efficiency 70% at 5 cm with 3.50 volt more...

Dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) consists of TiO2 nanoporous coating which acts as a photo electrode, a sensitizer of dye molecules soaked in the TiO2 film, liquid electrolyte and a counter electrode. This paper focuses on the usage of a sensitizer from the Pitaya fruit. Pitaya or commonly known as dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) was extracted and used as a sensitizer to fabricate the dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC). The photoelectrochemical performance of Pitaya based solar cell shows an open circuit voltage (VOC) of 237 mV, short circuit current (ISC) of 4.98 mA, fill factor (FF) of 0.51, solar cell efficiency (η) of 0.70 % and has a peak absorbance rate of 2.7 at 550 nm. The photoelectrochemical and UV-Visible light absorbance performance of Pitaya-DSSC shows good potential in future solar cell fabrication. more...

In this paper, we have developed transmitter, receiver and 2 structure magnetic resonant couplings. Both of the Transmitter and Receiver couplings are made of copper tubing. Transmitter and Receiver circuits were build by using Multisim software. Transmitter in put by DC source 12 Volt, 0.5 Ampere, with 50 cm Air gap wireless power transfer can reach efficiency 25.2 % with DC 3.02 Volt, 50.01 mA, at Frequency 164.76 kHz. more...

The electrical production is the primary performance of any solar photovoltaic (PV) system. The PV panel operating temperature is inversely proportional to the electrical production of the PV panel. The operating temperature of PV panel is influenced by solar radiation absorbed and the ambient temperature. In the present work, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method is used to investigate a three-dimensional (3-D) model of a PV panel. It is also essential to estimate the thermal behaviour of the PV panel under various environmental conditions. The primary purpose of this current work is to analyse temperature distribution from the PV panel under given operating conditions. The model geometry is built by using CATIA design software. ANSYS software was simulated the different intensity of solar radiation that applied to the PV panel in order to observe the temperature distribution on each layers of the PV panel. The ambient temperature of the simulation is fixed 35 °C according to the maximum ambient temperature captured in Malaysia. The simulation results show that an increase in solar radiation intensity along with the PV panel operating temperature increase. more...

Dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) is part of the thin film family that consists of a TiO2 electrode coating which acts as a photo electrode, sensitizer from dye molecules soaked in the TiO2 film, electrolyte layer and a counter electrode. This paper focuses on the usage of a sensitizer from the rose flower and will review some of the research conducted on dye sensitizers from other researcher. Rose flower also known as woody perennial of the genus Rosa, within the family Rosaceae is extracted and were used as sensitizer to fabricate dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC). The photoelectrochemical performance of Rose sensitized solar cell shows parameter of open circuit voltage, VOC,short circuit current, (ISC), fill factor (FF), solar cell efficiency (η), and peak absorbance rate as much as 0.13 V, 57.58 µA, 0.58, 0.85% and 3.5 at 550nm respectively. The photoelectrochemical performance of DSSC and the usage of natural sensitizer from Rose flower dye demonstrate good potential to be applied as a sensitizer yet detail investigations are essential in terms of its applicability for long term application. more...

This paper presents a review on Malaysia and Thailand’s view on renewable energy mainly in the area of solar energy. It is based on a survey conducted on random subjects in Malaysia raging from different discipline such as those from RE and non RE industries, and several learning Institution. The survey was conducted on random subject as to create a variance on their given answers. A total of 6,450 Malaysian have answered the survey which is then analyzed and compared with the views and current RE scenario in Thailand. The data analysis for Thailand is obtained from literature review. Based on the analysis, one could conclude that both Malaysia and Thailand are on the same objective which is to expand and cultivate their RE sources and has adapt an alternative method to sustain their energy development. more...

This paper proposed an alternative source of carbon material from recycled battery for the fabrication of cathode of a dye sensitized solar cell. Carbon from recycle battery is extracted and used to fabricate the cathode part of a dye sensitized solar cell by using TiO2 as the anode. The both anode and cathode is fabricated on a 6 x 2cm 2 indium tin oxide (ITO) coated glass and then tested under the solar irradiance of 693.69 w/m2 and average temperature 44.4 oC. Result shows that by using carbon from a recycle battery a Voc of 0.333V and short circuit current of 166.04 μA is produce. more...

One of the famous models in statistical analysis for predicting the solar radiation is using Hargreaves model. In any prediction of the solar radiation, the specific site accurately over the long term is needed. This study presents an estimation of the solar radiation in Kelantan, Eastern Malaysia for the year of 2011 using Hargreaves model. This estimation is based on latitude and daily minimum and maximum temperature in Kelantan. The measured and estimated solar radiation data were compared for the year 2011 and analyzed using coefficient of residual mass (CRM), root mean squared error (RMSE), coefficient of determination (R2) and percentage error (e). The results showed that the value of CRM is 0.09, it indicates the tendency of the estimation model to under-estimate the measure solar radiation. Meanwhile, the value of RMSE is 8.21%. and the value of R2 is 0.8661, closed to 1 indicates that about 86.61% of the total variation is explained in the data. For the e, the value is 7.98%, it indicates that the model estimation is good. more...

Easy T-Shirt Folding Machine is an automatic motor controlled t-shirt folding machine powered by a photovoltaic system. The aim of this project is to fold t-shirts merely by pressing a button. The folding machine is fully automatic where one has to place the t-shirt on the folding tray and press the button. It will then fold the t-shirt by itself. This system uses four DC motors to control the motion of the folding part. Usually, a person uses conventional method to fold the clothes which by hand folding. Many problems usually faced by working women who is unable to manage time for house hold chores The purpose of this project is to introduce an easy and fully automatic t-shirt folding machine. In this propose system, a DC motor are attached to the folding motion and rotates according to a program which uses microcontroller. The microcontroller controls the overall motion of the folding. The overall system is powered by a photovoltaic system. Result shows that by using this system, the time for folding clothes by human can be cut down in half compared to conventional method. more...

Malaysia, despite being known as the suppliers for oil and natural gas in the world is having a hard time fulfilling the huge demand of domestic and international energy sector. The nation's oil production has been gradually decrementing since reaching a peak of 862,000bbl/d in 2004 due to mature reservoirs. Alternative Cost as well as the maintenance that remains increasing yearly while the supply of fuels are depleting is making it hard for Malaysia to be able to sustain its oil development. This has become an important issue for the government to establish energy in the most economically worthy to ensure the sustainability in its development. This paper presents a review on Malaysian's perspective on renewable energy mainly in the solar energy sector by conducting a survey study. The survey focuses on the level of understanding Malaysian has towards renewable energy, the level of acceptance towards solar energy, the future prospect of solar energy as well as the financial perspective on solar energy in Malaysia. Study shows that renewable energy mainly in the area of solar energy receives warm welcome from many Malaysian as well as a demand for change in the conventional energy method. Malaysian is also ecologically concern as well as ready for any policies that has a solving mechanism in this energy crisis. more...

Dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) is another type of solar cell that utilise the use of a Dye as to absorp more sun rays on solar cells and to direct solar irradiance in it as to circulate electron process like in a conventional diode. The components used to build a DSSC can be divided into 4 parts from making the substrate in this case the TiO2 as the anode and Carbon as the cathode, soaking it in Dye which act as absorption mechanism, adding of electrolyte and finally assembling them as a unit of solar cell. The process of solar absorption works as the photons from the sun molecular works similarly as in photosynthesis of green leaves. This paper proposed the use of Syzigium Oleina fruit as dye. Syzigium Oleina is a genus of flowering plants that belongs to the myrtle family, Myrtaceae. The genus comprises about 1100 species, and has a native range that extends from Africa and Madagascar through southern Asia east through the Pacific. The usage of Syzigium Oleina as Dye compared to blueberries shows higher solar irradiance absorption and can be used as alternative of other types of organic berries. more...

This paper presents a new topology of three-level transformerless photovoltaic (PV) inverter. It consists of three main circuits; they are a pulse driver circuit, a full bridge inverter circuit and a power factor correction circuit that have functions as production of pulse waves, to develop alternating current (AC) waveform and to stable voltage of PV array. The transformerless inverter is installed in front of Electrical Energy and Industrial Electronic Systems (EEIES) Cluster, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Northern Malaysia. Its main energy source is a PV array that consists of three unit PV modules, each unit has 81 V, 60 W. In this research, optimization of current total harmonic distortion (CTHD) on AC three-level waveform transformerless PV inverter is developed and created by a microcontroller PIC16F627A-I/P with change maximum voltage angle of the AC three-level waveform from 20 0 to 180 0 . Resistive load of 30 W lamp and inductive load of 20 W water pump are applied to the transformerless PV inverter. The result shows that the less CTHD of 15.448% is obtained when the maximum voltage angle is 134 0 . more...

This paper presents a new topology of three-level single phase photovoltaic (PV) and wind power hybrid inverter. It consists of three main circuits; they are a hybrid controller circuit, a charger circuit, a pulse driver and full bridge circuit. The inverter is installed in front of Electrical Energy and Industrial Electronic Systems (EEIES) Cluster, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Northern Malaysia. Its main energy source is a PV array and wind power generation. In this research, AC three-level waveform and square wave single phase PV and wind power hybrid inverter are developed and created by a microcontroller PIC16F627A-I/P and analyzed their performance comparisons. The result shows that the AC waveform which is formed by the PV and wind power hybrid inverter will effect on AC load rms voltage, AC current and current total harmonic distortion (CTHD), for a load of 20 W 220 V 50 Hz AC water pump, its AC load rms voltage and current are higher when the single phase PV and wind power hybrid inverter is formed as AC square wave than as AC three-level waveform, but the CTHD is lower when the single phase PV and wind power hybrid inverter is formed as AC three-level waveform than as AC square wave. more...

Awareness towards green energy are on the hike and proven by many product being manufactured or pre-required to be assembled as energy saving devices mainly to save consumer from spending more on utility billing. This paper proposes the idea of “Smart smoke ventilation and power generation (SSVPG)” mainly due to emergency situation such as fire outbreaks. The SSVPG can also be used in many places that require smoke ventilation or even to reduce the room temperature as many conventional ventilation system (CVS) do. The difference is SSVPG works automatically by the usage of sensors that detects the smoke/temperature. It automatically spins the exhaust fan and mechanically rotating the AC generator which is coupled together with the exhaust fan and then charges the battery. The innovation of this product is, it does not rely on the utility supply as it is also hook up with a solar panel which also charges the battery, Secondly, it generates energy as the exhaust fan mechanically rotates. Thirdly, an energy loop back feature is introduced to this system which will supply for the ventilator fan. Another major innovation is towards interfacing this device with an in house production of generator. This generator is produced by proper design on stator as well as rotor to reduce the losses. A comparison is made between the SSVPG and the CVS and result shows that the SSVPG saves 172.8kWh/year of utility supply which is used by CVS. This amount of energy can save RM 3.14 from monthly utility bill and a total of RM 37.67 per year. In fact this product can generate 175 Watt of power from generator(75W) and solar panel(100W) that can be used either to supply other household appliances and/or to loop back to supply the fans motor. The innovation of this system is essential for future production of other equipment by using the loopback power method and turning most equipment into a stand alone system. more...

This paper represented analysis of wind speed and study of vertical axis wind turbine. There are two type vertical axis wind turbine that had been discussed on this paper that are Darrieus type and Savonius type wind turbine. The wind speed data is recorded using Davis Vantage Pro2 Weather station. A few calculations has been done to get output power from the wind to shows the possibilities and potentialities of wind energy whether it can be develop in Perlis. more...

Demand for alternative energy is growing due to decrease of fossil fuels sources. One of the promising and popular renewable energy technology is a photovoltaic (PV) technology. During the actual operation of PV cells, only around 15% of solar irradiance is converted to electricity, while the rest is converted into heat. The electrical efficiency decreases with the increment in PV panel's temperature. This electrical energy is referring to the open-circuit voltage (Voc), short-circuit current (Isc) and output power generate. This paper examines and discusses the PV panel with water and air cooling system. The air cooling system was installed at the back of PV panel while water cooling system at front surface. The analyses of both cooling systems were done by using ANSYS CFX and PSPICE software. The highest temperature of PV panel without cooling system is 66.3 °C. There is a decrement of 19.2% and 53.2% in temperature with the air and water cooling system applied to PV panel. more...

Almost all regions in the world are facing with problem of increasing electricity cost from time to time. Besides, with the mankind's anxiety about global warming, it has infused an ideology to rapidly move towards renewable energy sources since it is believed to be more reliable and safer. One example of the best alternatives to replace the fossil fuels sourced is solar energy. Photovoltaic (PV) panel is used to convert the sunlight into electricity. Unfortunately, the performance of PV panel can be affected by its operating temperature. With the increment of ambient temperature, the PV panel operating temperature also increase and will affect the performance of PV panel (in terms of power generated). With this concern, a water cooling system was installed on top of PV panel to help reduce the PV panel's temperature. Five different water mass flow rate is tested due to investigate their impact towards the thermal performance and heat transfer rate. more...

An increasing efficiency of the solar system can be improved by using hybrid cooling mechanism. This paper presents the impact of hybrid cooling mechanism on PV panel under indoor testing with varying solar intensity. Thus, the fabrication of a solar simulator for indoor testing reacts as the space solar radiation is described. The performance of PV panel which attached to a hybrid cooling mechanism compared with PV panel without cooling mechanism under variation of average solar radiation. Experimental tests were carried out for various average solar radiations by varying the number of lamps and/or the lamp-to-area distance. Without altering the spectral distribution, the characteristic of current-voltage of PV panel was analysed under average solar radiation which varied from 202 W/m2 to 1003 W/m2. As the result, the PV panel with hybrid cooling system explored to generate more power output with decreasing in PV panel temperature. About 15.79 % increment of power output generated by PV panel with cooling at maximum average solar radiation. Furthermore, the PV panel temperature also can be decreased about 10.28 % respectively. The combination of DC fan and water pump as cooling mechanism plays an important role in generating efficient power output from PV panel. more...

Paper presents an investigation on photovoltaic (PV) panel with a direct-current (DC) fan cooling system. The DC fan cooling system was installed at the back of PV panel in order to reduce its operating temperature. The performance of PV panel can be affected with the increase of its operating temperature. Therefore, with the aid of the DC fan cooling system, it can enhance the performance by raise the output power generated. However, DC fan cooling system is considered as an active cooling system, whereby it consumes input power in operating it. The thermal behavior of PV panel with different DC fan speeds were observed by using a computational fluid dynamic (CFD) software. From the temperature obtained, a current-Voltage (I-V) and power-voltage (P-V) can be formed by using PSPICE due to examine its electrical performance. As the DC fan speed increases, the power input to operate it also increase. Hence, it is crucial to find the optimum speed so that the power generated by PV panel that can be saved is high. more...

This paper presents the optimization of PV module electrical characteristics using genetic algorithm (GA). A mathematical modeling was used to characterize the electrical characteristics of PV module. A 180 W, 30 V, Sharp mono-crystal silicon PV module (NUS0E3E) was used in this paper. This PV module consists of 48 solar cells configured in series strings. Under constant temperature and different solar irradiance were tested to the PV module using GA, its electrical characteristics shown in curves and compared to the data sheet and a reference and also 3-dimensional diagram as function of both solar irradiance and temperature shown and discussed. The result shows that the comparison of simulation results using GA with data sheet of current-voltage and power-voltage curve illustrates a good correlation, if the temperature constant and solar irradiance increase will cause the short circuit current, open circuit voltage, maximum power and efficiency increase. more...

A conventional inverter uses a transformer. Some transformers connected in parallel are needed to obtain a high power inverter. They cause the inverter has a big in size, expensive cost and low efficiency. To solve the problem, a transformerless photovoltaic inverter (TPVI) is suitable to be applied. This paper proposes a paralleled full bridge circuit (FBI) to enhance the power capacity of three-level transformerless photovoltaic inverter. It has a pulse driver circuit, five full bridge inverter circuits and a power factor correction (PFC) circuit. To obtain the high power capacity of the TPVI, five FBI circuits are connected in parallel. Each FBI circuit uses MOSFET IRFP460 which has rating current of 20 A, therefore the total FBI circuit has applicable maximum current of 100 A. Its main energy source is a photovoltaic (PV) array that consists of three unit PV modules connected in series, each unit has voltage of 81 V and power of 60 W. Some three unit PV modules are connected in parallel to fulfill the demand of high alternating current (AC) power. In this research, the AC three-level waveform of the TPVI is developed using a PIC microcontroller. more...

A dye solar cell with a dimension of 6 × 2 cm is fabricated with thickness of 40 μm, 80 μm and 120 μm of TiO2 by smearing it on an ITO coated glass. It is then tested under the average solar irradiance and temperature of 693.69 w/m2, 44.4°C respectively. Based on experimental investigation it is found that TiO2 of 40 μm produces Voc = 0.21V, Isc = 121.28 μA, Fill Factor (FF) = 1.1845, while the 80 μm produces Voc = 0.16 V, Isc = 69.89 μA, Fill Factor (FF) = 1.49 and TiO2 layer with thickness of 120μm produces Voc = 0.00063 V, Isc = 0 mA, Fill Factor (FF) = 0. From these results it shows that the best charge generation is from the thinner TiO2 thickness layer which is the 40um compare to with the other size. more...

The load can influence the efficiency of the induction motor. Even if the load has higher or less load factor, it can reduce the efficiency of an induction motor by several percentage. By knowing this, it is important that an induction motor be loaded with an appropriate or load factor of 100%. In this paper, the experiment is conducted to prove that efficiency decreases when the 0.5 hp induction motor's is interfaced under low load factor condition and in this case a 65% load factor. The induction motor is interfaced with a DC generator and a variable resistance as load. In order to determined the efficiency and the mechanical output power of the induction motor, the voltage of the induction motor is varied from 0–415 volt and the appropriate data is taken. This is then analysis and several calculation formulas are used to determine the motor's parameters. After that the losses are segregated and from this we can compare the efficiency values in which it shows low efficiency of 66.62% based on output/input method and 66.34% by using the losses formula. This proofs that at low load factor the efficiency of the induction motor reduces. more...

This paper presents analysis of the solar radiation and wind speed characteristics in Perlis, Northern Malaysia for the year of 2006. The characteristics consist of daily and annual mean solar radiation and wind speed. Peak sun hours (PSHs) of the solar radiation and PV power generation capacity are analyzed. The Weibull distribution function is applied to analyze the wind speed characteristics and used to calculate the wind power generation potential. Potential of PV and wind power generation is observed and analyzed during 24 hours (9th March 2011). The result shows that the annual total solar radiation in Perlis is 1831.45 kWh/m2 which will generate a total electric energy of 237.7 kW/m2 per year of PV module, if all the lands in Perlis were filled with horizontal PV panels, nearly 189,29 GWh of electricity could be produced per year. This shows the big potential of solar radiation for PV power generation in Perlis. Based on wind speed data, the probability density of 81.06% and its wind speed is 1.01 m/s, it is important to choose a suitable wind turbine for a wind power generation. Observation during 24 hours ((9th March 2011), for a 24 V PV and wind power hybrid generation, the PV array gives big potential and the wind power gives 10% of its total output voltage. more...