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In this work, novel DPS/MWCNT composites were synthesized through filling multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with dialkyl pentasulfide (DPS) using a wet-chemical method. A nanofluid that use the DPS/MWCNT composites as additives was then developed for achieving a high-performance turning. The performance of the developed nanofluid including dispersion stability, heat transfer capacity, and wettability was evaluated using thermophysical analytical methods. The machining performance of the DPS/MWCNT composites nanofluid was systematically investigated in the turning of AISI 52100 alloy steel, using a commercial emulsion coolant as a benchmark. The lubrication mechanism of the nanofluid involved in the turning process was reveal with the aid of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results showed that DPS was successfully filled into MWCNTs with a filling rate of around 25.7%. The nanofluid had an excellent dispersion performance and produced respective 105.0% and 23.6% improvements in the heat transfer and wetting performance, in comparison to a base fluid. During turning, the composites suspended in the nanofluid acted as microbearings to reduce the friction of sliding, while the DPS filled in the MWCNTs was released under pressure to generate a complex lubricating film at the tool-chip interface, leading to a low resistance to cutting. This thus resulted in 15% and 25% reductions in the cutting force and temperature as well as 16% and 22% improvements in the surface roughness and tool life, in comparison to a conventional turning.

In recent years, with the development of software development, a large number of developers develop software by invoking API. With the increasing number of APIs, how to accurately recommend the APIs to developers has become a urgently necessary task. In this paper, we discover that there is a relationship between the user and the API, and use such relationships and collaborative learning techniques to finish APIs recommendation. We propose a holistic framework that contains three models. In the models, we design a joint matrix factorization technique and try to discover the preference among APIs invocation process. In natural language processing, word embedding is widely used. In our models, we use doc2vec to turn the representation of users and APIs into vector representation and calculate the similarity separately to generate the relationships. Besides the two modes in users side and APIs side, we also propose an ensemble model fully leveraging the preference mined from both users side and APIs side. We conduct the experiments on a real-world dataset and the experimental results show that our models perform better than all compared methods.

There is evidence that both omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) and choline can influence sports performance, but information establishing their combined effects when given in the form of krill oil during power training protocols is missing. The purpose of this study was therefore to characterize n-3 PUFA and choline profiles after a one-hour period of high-intensity physical workout after 12 weeks of supplementation. Thirty-five healthy power training athletes received either 2.5 g/day of Neptune krill oilTM (550 mg EPA/DHA and 150 mg choline) or olive oil (placebo) in a randomized double-blind design. After 12 weeks, only the krill oil group showed a significant HS-Omega-3 Index increase from 4.82 to 6.77% and a reduction in the ARA/EPA ratio (from 50.72 to 13.61%) (p < 0.001). The krill oil group showed significantly higher recovery of choline concentrations relative to the placebo group from the end of the first to the beginning of the second exercise test (p = 0.04) and an 8% decrease in total antioxidant capacity post-exercise versus 21% in the placebo group (p = 0.35). In conclusion, krill oil can be used as a nutritional strategy for increasing the HS-Omega-3 Index, recover choline concentrations and address oxidative stress after intense power trainings.

Backgrounds We aimed to demonstrate the feasibility of thoracic endovascular aortic repair for type B aortic dissection in patients with an insufficient proximal anchoring area due to the vertebral artery originating from the aortic arch. Methods In this study, we report two patients with type B aortic dissection who were complicated with left vertebral artery course variation. Specifically, the left vertebral artery originated from the aortic arch. In these patients, the anchoring area (Result We reconstructed the left vertebral artery during horacic endovascular aortic repair. Both patients recovered well and were discharged without any adverse events. Conclution Our experience shows that horacic endovascular aortic repair is feasible in patients with type B aortic dissection who have an insufficient proximal anchoring area due to the left vertebral artery originating from the aortic arch.

The processed surface contour shape is extracted with the finite element simulation software, and the difference value of contour shape change is used as the parameters of balancing surface roughness to construct the infinitesimal element cutting finite element model of supersonic vibration milling in cutting stability domain. The surface roughness trial scheme is designed in the central composite test design method to analyze the surface roughness test result in the response surface methodology. The surface roughness prediction model is established and optimized. Finally, the finite element simulation model and surface roughness prediction model are verified and analyzed through experiment. The research results show that, compared with the experiment results, the maximum error of finite element simulation model and surface roughness prediction model is 30.9% and12.3%, respectively. So, the model in this paper is accurate and will provide the theoretical basis for optimization study of auxiliary milling process of supersonic vibration.

Foliar nitrogen (N) fertilizer application at later stages of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) growth is an effective method of attenuating drought stress and improving grain filling. The influences or modes of action of foliar application of various nitrogen forms on wheat growth and grain filling need further research. The objective of this study was to examine the regulatory effects of various forms of foliar nitrogen [NO3–, NH4+, and CO(NH2)2] on wheat grain filling under drought stress and to elucidate their underlying mechanisms. The relative effects of each nitrogen source differed in promoting grain filling. Foliar NH4+-N application notably prolonged the grain filling period. In contrast, foliar application of CO(NH2)2 and NO3–-N accelerated the grain filling rate and regulated levels of abscisic acid (ABA), z-riboside (ZR), and ethylene (ETH) in wheat grains. Analysis of gene expression revealed that CO(NH2)2 and NO3–-N upregulated the genes involved in the sucrose–starch conversion pathway, promoting the remobilization of carbohydrates and starch synthesis in the grains. Besides, activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) were increased, whereas the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) declined under foliar nitrogen application (especially NH4+-N). Under drought stress, enhancement of carbohydrate remobilization and sink strength became key factors in grain filling, and the relative differences in the effects of three N forms became more evident. In conclusion, NH4+-N application improved the antioxidant enzyme system and delayed photoassimilate transportation. On the other hand, foliar applications of NO3–-N and CO(NH2)2 enhanced sink capacity and alleviated drought stress injury in wheat.

Radiographic evaluation of the wisdom teeth (third molar) formation is a widely used age assessment method for adolescents and young adults. This systematic review examines evidence on the agreement between Demirjian’s development stages of the third molar and chronological age. We searched four databases up until May 2016 for studies reporting Demirjian’s stages of third molar and confirmed chronological age of healthy individuals aged 10–25 years. Heterogeneity test of the included studies was performed. We included 21 studies from all continents except Australia, all published after 2005. The mean chronological age for Demirjian’s stages varied considerably between studies. The results from most studies were affected by age mimicry bias. Only a few of the studies based their results on an unbiased age structure, which we argue as important to provide an adequate description of the method’s ability to estimate age. Observed study variation in the timing of Demirjian’s development stages for third molars has often been interpreted as differences between populations and ethnicities. However, we consider age mimicry to be a dominant bias in these studies. Hence, the scientific evidence is insufficient to conclude whether such differences exist. • There is significant heterogeneity between studies evaluating age assessment by Demirjian’s third molar development. • Most of the studies were subject to the selection bias age mimicry which can be a source of heterogeneity. • Presence of age mimicry bias makes it impossible to compare and combine results. These biased studies should not be applied as reference studies for age assessment.

Mg alloy AZ31B plates were processed by hot rolling with different thickness reductions per pass and pre-vertical compression followed by super-high reduction hot rolling (PVCR), respectively. Microstructure evolution, rolling formability variation and mechanical responses were investigated. As reduction per pass increased, the number of shear bands deflecting toward rolling direction increased, resulting in easy crack initiation in and around the bands. With increasing reduction per pass up to 80%, twinning and twinning-induced dynamic recrystallization (DRX) dominated the deformation of the edge material at 350 °C, resulting in local recrystallization with coarse grains and further largest edge-crack degree. Pre-induced {10 1 ¯ 2} tensile twins by pre-vertical compression (PVC) increased number density of nucleation sites for dynamic recrystallization during the subsequent severe rolling, which enhanced the dominant role of continuous dynamic recrystallization. Designed PVCR-b was proved to be a relatively effective method to improve rolling formability of rolled Mg alloy AZ31B plates. With this method, mean grain size of AZ31B plate was significantly refined from ∼600 mm to ∼14.1 mm and more homogeneous grain size distribution along transverse direction (TD) was achieved. In addition, basal texture intensity was greatly weakened. As a result, tensile anisotropy was distinctly decreased and fracture elongation increased dramatically.

Present study aimed at investigating the effect of introducing pre-width reduction (Pre-WR) on microstructure evolution and rolling formability variation during both the break-down rolling and finish rolling of AZ31B alloy. Different rolling routes relevant to the above two rolling processes were performed and compared. Results show that pre-induced twins by pre-rolling (8% thickness reduction) can significantly reduce the edge-cracking depth level during subsequent super-high reduction rolling (SHRR) (80% thickness reduction) through replacing the formation of shear bands by the promotion of the twinning-induced recrystallization to coordinate the severe deformation. However, the dominant behavior of twinning and twinning-induced DRX within the edge region induced a unique partial recrystallization with coarse grains and further a poor rolling formability in SHRR. Introducing more {10 1 ¯ 2} tensile twins at the edge by Inter-WR (a Pre-WR type with 10% width reduction) before the SHRR can significantly refine the grains and obtain almost a recrystallized homogeneous microstructure. It can also weaken the basal texture of the edge material and further decrease the number/depth level of edge crack by enhancing the activity of both non-basal slips and dominant continuous dynamic recrystallization (CDRX). During finish rolling, heavy twins and shear bands resulted in the larger edge crack level. The improvement of Pre-WR on rolling formability can be inherited to the strip finishing rolling process by evidently reducing the twins and shear bands.

IntroductionWe evaluated an intervention designed to teach 10- to 12-year-old primary school children to assess claims about the effects of treatments (any action intended to maintain or improve health). We report outcomes measured 1 year after the intervention.MethodsIn this cluster-randomised trial, we included primary schools in the central region of Uganda that taught year 5 children (aged 10 to 12 years). We randomly allocated a representative sample of eligible schools to either an intervention or control group. Intervention schools received the Informed Health Choices primary school resources (textbooks, exercise books and a teachers’ guide). The primary outcomes, measured at the end of the school term and again after 1 year, were the mean score on a test with two multiple-choice questions for each of the 12 concepts and the proportion of children with passing scores.ResultsWe assessed 2960 schools for eligibility; 2029 were eligible, and a random sample of 170 were invited to recruitment meetings. After recruitment meetings, 120 eligible schools consented and were randomly assigned to either the intervention group (n = 60 schools; 76 teachers and 6383 children) or the control group (n = 60 schools; 67 teachers and 4430 children). After 1 year, the mean score in the multiple-choice test for the intervention schools was 68.7% compared with 53.0% for the control schools (adjusted mean difference 16.7%; 95% CI, 13.9 to 19.5;P ConclusionUse of the learning resources led to a large improvement in the ability of children to assess claims, which was sustained for at least 1 year.Trial registrationPan African Clinical Trial Registry (www.pactr.org), PACTR201606001679337. Registered on 13 June 2016.

Supporting voice commands in applications presents significant benefits to users. However, adding such support to existing GUI-based web apps is effort-consuming with a high learning barrier, as shown in our formative study, due to the lack of unified support for creating multimodal interfaces. We present Geno---a developer tool for adding the voice input modality to existing web apps without requiring significant NLP expertise. Geno provides a high-level workflow for developers to specify functionalities to be supported by voice (intents), create language models for detecting intents and the relevant information (parameters) from user utterances, and fulfill the intents by either programmatically invoking the corresponding functions or replaying GUI actions on the web app. Geno further supports multimodal references to GUI context in voice commands (e.g. "move this [event] to next week" while pointing at an event with the cursor). In a study, developers with little NLP expertise were able to add multimodal voice command support for two existing web apps using Geno.

Additional file 3. Distribution of scores and curves.

Introduction We evaluated an intervention designed to teach 10 to 12-year-old primary school children to assess claims about the effects of treatments (any action intended to maintain or improve health). We report here on outcomes measured one year after the intervention. Methods In this cluster-randomised trial, we included primary schools in the central region of Uganda that taught year-five children (aged 10 to 12 years). We randomly allocated a representative sample of eligible schools to either an intervention or control group. Intervention schools received the Informed Health Choices primary school resources (textbooks, exercise books, and a teachers’ guide). The primary outcome, measured at the end of the school term and again after one year, was the mean score on a test with two multiple-choice questions for each of the 12 concepts and the proportion of children with passing scores. Results We assessed 2960 schools for eligibility; 2029 were eligible, and a random sample of 170 were invited to recruitment meetings. After recruitment meetings, 120 eligible schools consented and were randomly assigned to either the intervention group (n=60, 76 teachers and 6383 children) or control group (n=60, 67 teachers and 4430 children). After one year, the mean score in the multiple-choice test for the intervention schools was 68.7% compared to 53.0% for the control schools (adjusted mean difference 16.7%, 95% CI 13.9 to 19.5; p

In this report, we provided an overview of the prevalence, control, and prevention of water-borne arsenicosis in China during 2001-2016. Random sampling was continuously performed during 2001-2010 to find villages having high levels of arsenic (50 µg/L) in drinking water. The high-arsenic-exposure villages with more geographically dispersed water supplies were subsequently analyzed for characteristics of arsenic distribution, and villages with relatively large populations were investigated for arsenicosis. The results showed that among 32,673,677 inhabitants in 36,820 villages, 1,894,587 inhabitants in 2,476 villages were at risk of high arsenic exposure. Among the 33,318 drinking water sources surveyed in 625 high-arsenic-exposure villages, 9,807 drinking water sources that contained high levels of arsenic (50 µg/L) were identified. The overall prevalence rate of arsenicosis was 1.93%. Further, some representative villages were chosen to monitor arsenicosis annually, showing that the prevalence rate of arsenicosis was lower in villages with arsenic-safe water supplies than in villages without arsenic-safe water supplies. To the best of our knowledge, this report provides the most comprehensive assessment of the distribution of high arsenic exposure and arsenicosis in China until now.

To summarize the mid-term effectiveness of arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction combined with meniscus allograft transplantation.A clinical data of 21 patients treated with arthroscopic ACL reconstruction and meniscus allograft transplantation and followed up more than 5 years between February 2007 and December 2014 was retrospectively analyzed. There were 12 males and 9 females, aged from 18 to 45 years, with an average age of 23.5 years. The cause of injury was sport sprain in 15 cases, falling in 4 cases, and traffic accident in 2 cases. The time from injury to operation ranged from 2 to 36 months, with an average of 12 months. Among them, 15 patients underwent previous meniscectomy, with an average interval of 1.6 years (range, 3 months to 6.5 years). All patients were primary ACL reconstruction. Preoperative anterior drawer test, Lachman test, and pivot shift test were positive. Lysholm score was 43.6±10.2. International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score was 60.50±14.06. Of the 21 patients, 10 were gradeⅠ-Ⅱcartilage injuries and 11 were grade Ⅲ cartilage injuries according to MRI.All patients were followed up 5.1-7.8 years, with an average of 5.5 years. There were 2 cases of numbness of lower extremity, 3 cases of slight exudation of incision, 2 cases of articular movement bounce, 5 cases of mild joint swelling and pain after exercise. At last follow-up, Lachman tests were negative in 18 cases and positive in 3 cases; anterior drawer tests were negative in 19 cases and positive in 2 cases; pivot shift tests were negative in all cases. Lysholm score was 84.5±16.5 and IKDC score was 85.25±4.60, which were significantly higher than those before operation (For patients with severe meniscus injury and ACL rupture, ACL reconstruction combined with meniscus allograft transplantation can restore the stability of the joint, recover the meniscus function which is conducive to the protection of articular cartilage and obtain satisfactory mid-term effectiveness.总结关节镜下前交叉韧带（anterior cruciate ligament，ACL）重建联合同种异体半月板移植术治疗半月板严重损伤伴 ACL 断裂的中期疗效。.回顾分析 2007 年 2 月—2014 年 12 月，21 例接受 ACL 重建联合同种异体半月板移植治疗并随访 5 年以上的患者临床资料。男 12 例，女 9 例；年龄 18～45 岁，平均 23.5 岁。致伤原因：运动扭伤 15 例，摔伤 4 例，交通事故伤 2 例。受伤至手术时间为 2～36 个月，平均 12 个月。其中 15 例患者既往行半月板切除术，与该次手术间隔 3 个月～6.5 年，平均 1.6 年。21 例均为初次 ACL 重建。术前前抽屉试验、Lachman 试验、轴移试验均为阳性。Lysholm 评分为（43.6±10.2）分，国际膝关节文献委员会（IKDC）评分为（60.50±14.06）分。术前 MRI 关节软骨分级：Ⅰ～Ⅱ级 10 例，Ⅲ级 11 例。.术后患者均获随访，随访时间 5.1～7.8 年，平均 5.5 年。术后出现下肢麻木 2 例，切口轻度渗液 3 例，关节活动弹响 2 例，运动锻炼后关节轻度肿胀、疼痛 5 例。末次随访时，Lachman 试验阴性 18 例，阳性 3 例；前抽屉试验阴性 19 例，阳性 2 例；轴移试验均为阴性。Lysholm 评分为（84.5±16.5）分，IKDC 评分为（85.25±4.60）分，均明显高于术前（对于半月板严重损伤伴 ACL 断裂患者，同种异体半月板移植联合 ACL 重建能恢复关节稳定性，同时半月板功能的恢复有利于保护关节软骨，中期疗效良好。.

Background— Serine and glycine interconversion and methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 1 (MTHFD1)–mediated 1-carbon transfer are the major sources of methyl groups for 1-carbon metabolism. Recently, plasma glycine and a common polymorphism in MTHFD1 have been associated with risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). It is, therefore, of interest to explore if these 2 pathways interact in relation to AMI. Methods and Results— A total of 2571 participants in the WENBIT (Western Norway B Vitamin Intervention Trial) undergoing coronary angiography for stable angina pectoris were studied. Associations of plasma serine and glycine concentrations with risk of AMI across 2 common and functional MTHFD1 polymorphisms ( rs2236225 and rs1076991 ) were explored in Cox regression models. During a median follow-up of 4.7 years, 212 patients (8.2%) experienced an AMI. In age- and sex-adjusted analyses, plasma glycine ( P P =0.52), showed an overall association with AMI. However, interactions of MTHFD1 rs2236225 polymorphism with both plasma serine and glycine were observed ( P interaction =0.03 for both). Low plasma serine and glycine were associated with an increased risk of AMI among patients carrying the rs2236225 minor A allele. Similarly, low plasma glycine showed stronger risk relationship with AMI in the rs1076991 CC genotype carriers but weaker associations in patients carrying the minor T allele ( P interaction =0.02). Conclusions— Our results showed that 2 common and functional polymorphisms in the MTHFD1 gene modulate the risk associations of plasma serine and glycine with AMI. These findings emphasize the possible role of the MTHFD1 in regulating serine and glycine metabolism in relation to atherosclerotic complications. Clinical Trial Registration— URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique Identifier: NCT00354081.

Tool deflection induced by cutting force could result in dimensional inaccuracies or profile error in corner milling process. Error compensation has been proved to be an effective method to get accuracy component in milling process. This article presents a methodology to compensate profile errors by modifying tool path. The compensation effect strongly depends on accuracy of the cutting force model used. The mathematical expression of chip thickness is proposed based on the true track of cutting edge for corner milling process, which considers the effect of tool deflection. The deflection of tool is calculated by finite element method. Then, an off-line compensation algorithm for corner profile error is developed. Following the theoretical analysis, the effect of the error compensation algorithm is verified by experimental study. The outcome provides useful comprehension about selection of process conditions for corner milling process.

AZ31B alloy was severely rolled at speeds between 18 and 102 m/min by two different reduction schedules, respectively. The recrystallization behaviors, rolling feasibility, temperature distribution, texture and mechanical properties were examined. The {10 1 ¯ 2} tensile twinning and subsequent secondary twinning and continuous dynamic recrystallization dominated the deformation. For 4-pass rolling, as the speed increased, the twin density gradually decreased and the grain size slightly rose due to the suppressed temperature reduction at higher speed. However the effective grain size sharply increased and the recrystallization fraction dropped with increased rolling speed for 2-pass rolling. Full recrystallization mainly occurred in grains with beneficial orientations for {10 1 ¯ 2} twinning, rather than dislocation, during 2-pass rolling at speeds higher than 72 m/min. The rolling feasibility, texture and mechanical properties were largely affected by rolling speed. However, their trends were significantly different, sometimes even on the contrary, under different reduction schedules.

Background: Methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (MTHFD1) catalyzes three sequential reactions that metabolize derivatives of tetrahydrofolate (THF) in folate-dependent one-carbon metabolism. Impaired MTHFD1 flux has been linked to disturbed lipid metabolism and oxidative stress. However, limited information is available on its relation to the development of atherothrombotic cardiovascular disease. Methods and results: We explored the association between a MTHFD1 polymorphism (rs1076991 C > T ) and acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and potential effect modifications by folic acid/B12 and/or vitamin B6 treatment in suspected stable angina pectoris patients (n Z 2381) participating in the randomized Western Norway B Vitamin Intervention Trial (WENBIT). During the median follow-up of 4.9 years 204 participants (8.6%) suffered an AMI. After adjusting for established CVD risk factors, the MTHFD1 polymorphism was significantly associated with AMI (HR: 1.49; 95% CI, 1.23e1.81). A similar association was observed among patients allocated to treatment with vitamin B6 alone (HR: 1.53; 95% CI, 1.01e2.31), and an even stronger relationship was seen in patients treated with both vitamin B6 and folic acid/B12 (HR: 2.35; 95% CI, 1.55 e3.57). However, no risk association between the MTHFD1 polymorphism and AMI was seen in patients treated with placebo (HR: 1.29; 95% CI, 0.86e1.93) or folic acid/B12 (1.17; 95% CI, 0.83e1.65). Conclusion: A common and functional MTHFD1 polymorphism is associated with increased risk of AMI, although the risk seems to be dependent on specific B vitamin treatment. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the possible mechanisms, also in order to explore potential effect modifications by nutritional factors. publishedVersion

Accurate tool condition monitoring is necessary for the development of automatic milling technology. In order to improve the accuracy and real-time of online monitoring of tool wear state in machining process, an online monitoring system of milling cutter state based on LabVIEW software development is proposed. Firstly, the modern monitoring technology is introduced into the online monitoring of tool state in principle. The vibration signal is analyzed by wavelet packet in time-frequency domain, and the online monitoring of tool state is realized by machine learning algorithm model. The system can be used for real-time monitoring of tool status, timely alarm to facilitate tool replacement, and ensure high efficiency and high quality of processing. The effectiveness and feasibility of the online monitoring system for milling cutter wear state are verified by experiments, and the purpose of online monitoring tool wear state is preliminarily realized.

In order to solve the problem that the joint friction torque value of industrial robots is difficult to be measured in practice, the joint friction identification method based on the energy model is used to indirectly obtain the friction model parameters by measuring the energy consumption value. According to the energy model and the measured robot energy value, the genetic algorithm is used to realize the parameter identification of the Stribeck friction model of joint friction. The results of the two identification methods based on friction torque identification and energy model identification are compared. The simulation results show that the error ratio of all the friction model parameters obtained by the two identification methods is less than 8%, and the error target value of the two identification results is less than 0.1%, which can effectively identify the relevant friction parameters. By designing an experimental scheme, the different speeds and corresponding energy consumption data of the IRB140 robot when joint 1 operates at a constant speed in a specified time are measured, and the Stribeck friction model parameters of the IRB140 robot’s joint 1 are identified by the proposed method.

The energy dissipation level of articulated mechanical arms directly affects the control stability of industrial robot systems. For a six-degree-of-freedom articulated robot driven by a DC servo motor and reduction gear, based on the Hamiltonian and Minimum theories, a model of the articulated manipulator drive system under load torque is established, and the expressions of optimal angular velocity and control current are obtained considering the viscous friction and coulomb factors. According to the analysis of actual parameter simulation experiments, it can be seen that the energy consumption of the joint manipulator drive system increases with the decrease of efficiency, the increase of the coulomb friction torque of the servo motor, and the increase of the load torque. Within the transit time, the total energy consumption of the drive system is smaller, so it is very important to obtain the transit time within the optimal area for the minimum energy consumption of the joint robotic arm drive system. At the same time, a soft neural network model based on the improved BP neural network built on the neural network toolbox for the energy consumption of the articulated mechanical arm is established. Finally, the experimental platform of servo motor drive system is built and used for the experiment of servo motor drive, and the purpose of closed-loop control is also achieved. Through experimental analysis, it can be seen that the proposed soft sensor model of joint minimum energy consumption based on improved BP neural network can more accurately realize the energy consumption prediction under unknown angular displacement and unknown load, and provide a theoretical basis for joint energy monitoring.

The aim of the current study was to investigate the construction of the bone bridge and tibial plateau under arthroscopy during meniscal allograft transplantation, in order to simplify and enhance the accuracy of bone bridge fixation intraoperatively. A traction line passed through the attachment of the anterior and posterior horns of the superior meniscus to the bone bridge was used to pull the bone bridge into the knee joint cavity and fix the anteroposterior horns of the meniscus. At the junction of the body of the meniscus and the posterior and anterior horns of the meniscus, a traction line was created at the anterior and posterior 1/3 of the meniscus to pull and fix the meniscus. Under the arthroscope, the aiming device was placed on the tibial plateau. The direction and width of the guide plate were identical to those of the bone trough of the tibial plateau. The bone tunnel was made using the guide needle and a 9-mm hollow drill, the piston rod was inserted, and the arch-shaped bone knife was inserted along with the piston rod to construct the 9-mm bone trough of the tibial plateau. The periphery of the meniscus was sutured to the joint capsule. These surgical techniques and instruments could standardize meniscal graft transplantation and avoid the incidence of surgical errors caused by mismatched size and shape of the bone bridge and bone trough. This would make the surgery more convenient, safe and accurate. The four-point fixation of the tibial plateau contributed to preventing the reversal of the meniscus during transplantation, and partially reconstructed the coronary ligament of the meniscal tibia, which probably enhanced the stability of the meniscus and minimized the risk of extrusion of the meniscal allograft. The bone bridge and bone trough of the tibial plateau were properly constructed under arthroscopy. Dynamic monitoring of surgical indications, explicit preoperative preparation and standardized surgical procedures could achieve high efficacy and excellent fixation effect during meniscal graft transplantation. The four-point fixation of the tibial plateau maintains and enhances the stability of the meniscal allograft, reduces the risk of meniscal extrusion and ensures the postoperative recovery of meniscal function.