106 results on '"Yun Cheng Wu"'
Search Results
2. Applying Image Processing Technology to Face Recognition.
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Tung-Ming Liang, Ming-Sung Chiu, Yun-Cheng Wu, Ming-Tsung Yeh, Chao-Hsing Hsu, and Yi-Nung Chung
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- 2022
3. Detection of coronary lesions in Kawasaki disease by Scaled-YOLOv4 with HarDNet backbone
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Ho-Chang Kuo, Shih-Hsin Chen, Yi-Hui Chen, Yu-Chi Lin, Chih-Yung Chang, Yun-Cheng Wu, Tzai-Der Wang, Ling-Sai Chang, I-Hsin Tai, and Kai-Sheng Hsieh
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Kawasaki disease ,echocardiography ,deep learning ,object detection ,Scaled-YOLOv4 ,HarDNet ,Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,RC666-701 - Abstract
IntroductionKawasaki disease (KD) may increase the risk of myocardial infarction or sudden death. In children, delayed KD diagnosis and treatment can increase coronary lesions (CLs) incidence by 25% and mortality by approximately 1%. This study focuses on the use of deep learning algorithm-based KD detection from cardiac ultrasound images.MethodsSpecifically, object detection for the identification of coronary artery dilatation and brightness of left and right coronary artery is proposed and different AI algorithms were compared. In infants and young children, a dilated coronary artery is only 1-2 mm in diameter than a normal one, and its ultrasound images demonstrate a large amount of noise background-this can be a considerable challenge for image recognition. This study proposes a framework, named Scaled-YOLOv4-HarDNet, integrating the recent Scaled-YOLOv4 but with the CSPDarkNet backbone replaced by the CSPHarDNet framework.ResultsThe experimental result demonstrated that the mean average precision (mAP) of Scaled-YOLOv4-HarDNet was 72.63%, higher than that of Scaled YOLOv4 and YOLOv5 (70.05% and 69.79% respectively). In addition, it could detect small objects significantly better than Scaled-YOLOv4 and YOLOv5.ConclusionsScaled-YOLOv4-HarDNet may aid physicians in detecting KD and determining the treatment approach. Because relatively few artificial intelligence solutions about images for KD detection have been reported thus far, this paper is expected to make a substantial academic and clinical contribution.
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- 2023
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4. New- onset seizure and acute encephalopathy.
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Lin-Yuan Zhang, Xia Liu, Yun-Cheng Wu, and Guo-Dong Wang
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DIAGNOSIS of fever ,DIAGNOSIS of brain diseases ,DIFFERENTIAL diagnosis ,COMPUTED tomography ,ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY ,MAGNETIC resonance imaging ,AGE factors in disease ,EPILEPSY ,COGNITION disorders ,SEIZURES (Medicine) - Published
- 2024
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5. Restless abdomen: a spectrum or a phenotype variant of restless legs syndrome?
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Xi-Xi Wang, Xiao-Ying Zhu, Zan Wang, Jian-Wei Dong, William G. Ondo, and Yun-Cheng Wu
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Restless abdomen ,Restless legs syndrome ,Insomnia ,Dopaminergic therapy ,Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,RC346-429 - Abstract
Abstract Background With the growing awareness of restless legs syndrome (RLS), sensory disorders similar to RLS but initially confined to the arms, abdomen, and perineum have been reported. One of them is restless abdomen, which refers to a restless sensation in abdomen. Our study is designed to evaluate the clinical phenotype of restless abdomen and investigate its relationship with RLS. Methods We enrolled 10 patients with restless abdomen according to RLS diagnostic criteria, excluding the requiring of leg involvement. Laboratory examinations were performed to exclude mimics and notable comorbidities. Results All 10 patients had RLS like symptoms in the abdomen and otherwise satisfied all other RLS diagnostic criteria, and responded to dopaminergic therapy. Conclusions Neurologists and gastroenterologists should be aware that RLS-related restlessness can occur in extra-leg anatomy in the absence of episodes of worsening or augmentation of restlessness.
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- 2020
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6. Neurology practice and stroke services across East China: a multi-site, county-level hospital-based survey
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Jun-Fang Zhang, Meng-Yao Qiu, Yu-Lei Zhang, Xi-Xi Wang, Guo-Ping Wang, Yu Geng, Ke-Zhong Zhang, Kan Fang, and Yun-Cheng Wu
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Neurology ,Stroke center ,Hospital services ,Survey ,Intravenous thrombolysis ,Arterial thrombectomy ,Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,RC346-429 - Abstract
Abstract Background Neurological disorders are an economic and public health burden which requires efficient and adequate medical resources. Currently, little is known about the status of the quality of neurological care services available in China. As neurological primary care is mostly provided at the county hospital level, investigation of this geographical level is required. The aim of this study is to evaluate currently available neurology care services in Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomerations in east China. Methods A multi-site, county-level hospital-based observational survey was conducted in east China from January 2017 to December 2017. A questionnaire was made to assess hospital and the departmental patient care capabilities, human resources and technical capacity in neurology departments. Results Of 228 hospitals across the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomerations, 217 documents were returned. Of these, 22 were excluded due to invalid hospital information or duplicate submission. Overall, most hospitals have neurology departments (162, 83.1%) while less than half of the hospitals have a stroke center (80, 41.0%) and neurology emergency department (46, 23.6%). Among 162 hospitals with neurology department, 5 were excluded due to inadequate sharing, leaving 157 hospitals for analysis. About 84.1% of these neurology departments can administer intravenous thrombolysis while about one third of them has the ability to perform arterial thrombectomy (36.9%). In addition, 46.2% of hospitals can carry out computed tomography angiography (CTA) in emergency room. Tertiary care hospitals are much more equipped with modern medical resources compared to the secondary hospitals. In four administrative regions, the neurology services are better in more economically advanced regions. Conclusions Neurological care services need to be enhanced at the county-level hospitals to improve health care delivery.
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- 2019
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7. Corrigendum: Dl-3-n-Butylphthalide Exerts Dopaminergic Neuroprotection Through Inhibition of Neuroinflammation
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Yajing Chen, Tingting Wu, Heng Li, Xuan Li, Qing Li, Xiaoying Zhu, Mei Yu, Sheng-Han Kuo, Fang Huang, and Yun-Cheng Wu
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dl-3-n-butylphthalide ,MAPK ,microglia ,neuroinflammation ,NF-κB ,Parkinson's disease ,Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,RC321-571 - Published
- 2021
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8. Serum Phosphate and 1-Year Outcome in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack
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Jun-Fang Zhang, Jing Jing, Xia Meng, Yuesong Pan, Yi-Long Wang, Xing-Quan Zhao, Jin-Xi Lin, Xin-Sheng Han, Bin-Bin Song, Zheng-Chang Jia, Song-Di Wu, Xiao-Fei Chen, Wen-Jun Xue, Craig S. Anderson, Yun-Cheng Wu, and Yong-Jun Wang
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serum phosphate ,stroke ,recurrence ,mortality ,outcome ,Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,RC346-429 - Abstract
Objective: To determine the association between serum phosphate level and 1-year clinical outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack.Methods: We included 7,353 patients with acute ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack from the China National Stroke Registry III for analysis. Participants were divided into 4 groups according to serum phosphate quartiles. Composite end point included recurrent stroke, myocardial infarction, other ischemic vascular events, and all-cause mortality. Poor functional outcome is defined as modified Rankin Scale score of 3 to 6. Multivariable Cox regression or logistic regression was used to evaluate the independent association of serum phosphate with 1-year all-cause mortality, recurrent stroke, composite end point and poor functional outcome.Results: The mean age of the included 7,353 patients was 62.5 years, and 68.6% of them were men. Plotting hazard ratios over phosphate levels suggested a U-shaped association especially for recurrent stroke and composite end point, and therefore the third quartile group was set as reference group. Compared with the third quartile of phosphate (1.06–1.20 mmol/L), the adjusted hazard ratios/odds ratios (95% CI) of the lowest quartile (
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- 2021
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9. SIRT1 Deacetylates TET2 and Promotes Its Ubiquitination Degradation to Achieve Neuroprotection Against Parkinson's Disease
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Xuan Li, Te Liu, Ting-Ting Wu, Ya Feng, Si-Jia Peng, Huiyong Yin, and Yun-Cheng Wu
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Ten-Eleven Translocation 2 ,Silence information regulator 1 ,resveratrol ,cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2A ,Parkinson's disease ,Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,RC346-429 - Abstract
The epigenetic modifications, such as DNA methylation and histone acetylation, play a critical role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the relationship between DNA methylation and histone acetylation in PD is not fully understood. Previous studies have shown that patients with PD exhibit an epigenetic and transcriptional upregulation of Ten-Eleven Translocation 2 (TET2), a member of the DNA hydroxylases family. Silence information regulator 1 (SIRT1), a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)-dependent histone deacetylase, also plays a critical role in PD development and might be a potential target for PD therapy. Our previous data indicated that demethylation in the Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A) promoter by the TET2 directly activated its expression, then promoted the cell cycle arrest and cell death induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-pyridinium ion (MPP+). In this study, we found that the enzyme activity of SIRT1 is negatively correlated with the protein level of TET2. In addition, the deacetylation of TET2 induced by SIRT1 promotes TET2 degradation via the ubiquitin–proteasome pathway. Furthermore, the activation of endogenous SIRT1 by resveratrol (RV) leads to CDKN2A DNA hypermethylation due to the decreased TET2 protein levels, which relieves the inhibitory effect on CDK4 and upregulation of pRb, allowing cell proliferation and growth. Similar effects are observed for the inhibition of endogenous TET2 enzyme activity with TET2 inhibitor. Together, we discover a new mechanism by which the SIRT1-TET2-CDKN2A pathway is involved in the pathogenesis of PD, which may provide a potential target for PD treatment.
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- 2021
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10. Restless legs syndrome in end stage renal disease patients undergoing hemodialysis
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Xiao-Wei Lin, Jun-Fang Zhang, Meng-Yao Qiu, Ling-Yan Ni, Hong-Lei Yu, Sheng-Han Kuo, William G. Ondo, Qing Yu, and Yun-Cheng Wu
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RLS ,ESRD ,Female ,Alcohol intake ,Sleep disorder ,Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,RC346-429 - Abstract
Abstract Background The prevalence of Restless legs syndrome (RLS) in End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) patients is higher than that in the general population. However, the associations of RLS within the ESRD population are inconsistent and RLS is usually neglected in dialysis centers, although it impairs the life quality among ESRD patients. We aim to investigate the prevalence of RLS in patients with ESRD undergoing maintenance hemodialysis and evaluate the risk factors of developing RLS and the effect of RLS on quality of life among ESRD patients. Methods ESRD patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis in Shanghai General Hospital dialysis unit from July 2016 to October 2016 were enrolled in the study. RLS was diagnosed according to the criteria of the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group (IRLSSG). IRLSSG Severity Scale was used to evaluate the severity of RLS. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to evaluate sleep quality, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used to estimate anxiety and depression. Serologic and historic variables were analyzed to determine predictors of RLS in the ESRD population. Results A total of 137 ESRD patients were enrolled. The prevalence of RLS among the ESRD patients was 20.44%. The risk of RLS was increased significantly in females (OR = 2.729, p = 0.032) and daily alcohol drinkers (OR = 4.716, p = 0.022). RLS increased the risks of sleep disorders (25/28, 89.3% vs 73/109, 67.0%, p = 0.02) and sedative hypnotics intake (7/28, 25.0% vs 10/109, 9.2%, p = 0.047) and impaired the sleep quality (7/109 vs 11/28, p = 0.001) according to PSQI sum scores. Conclusion A high RLS prevalence among the ESRD patients undergoing hemodialysis was confirmed. ESRD patients who are women and drinking alcohol have a higher risk of RLS. The sleep quality was significantly impaired and sleeping medication use was more common among the ESRD patients with RLS.
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- 2019
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11. Impulse Control Disorders in Parkinson's Disease: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Strategies
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Jun-Fang Zhang, Xi-Xi Wang, Ya Feng, Robert Fekete, Joseph Jankovic, and Yun-Cheng Wu
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Parkinson's disease ,impulse control disorders ,dopaminergic drugs ,pathological gambling ,hypersexuality ,binge eating ,Psychiatry ,RC435-571 - Abstract
Impulse control disorders (ICDs) in Parkinson's disease (PD) are aberrant behavior such as pathological gambling, hypersexuality, binge eating, and compulsive buying, which typically occur as a result of dopaminergic therapy. Numerous studies have focused on the broad spectrum of ICDs-related behaviors and their tremendous impact on patients and their family members. Recent advances have improved our understanding of ICDs. In this review, we discuss the epidemiology, pathogenesis and treatment of ICDs in the setting of PD.
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- 2021
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12. Fisetin Regulates Gut Microbiota and Exerts Neuroprotective Effect on Mouse Model of Parkinson’s Disease
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Tian-Jiao Chen, Ya Feng, Te Liu, Ting-Ting Wu, Ya-Jing Chen, Xuan Li, Qing Li, and Yun-Cheng Wu
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Parkinson’s disease ,fisetin ,gut microbiota ,neuroprotective ,biomarker ,Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,RC321-571 - Abstract
Previous studies have reported the anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer effects of fisetin. However, the therapeutic efficacy of fisetin in Parkinson’s disease (PD) is unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that fisetin could markedly alleviate 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced dopaminergic neurodegeneration in mice. To confirm the reported correlation between gut microbiota and PD, the bacterial DNA in the fresh feces of mice from each group was subjected to 16S rRNA (V3 and V4 regions) sequencing. The results revealed that fisetin changed the number, diversity, and distribution of gut microbiota in MPTP-induced mice model of PD. The alpha and beta diversity analyses showed that the fisetin intervented MPTP group gut microbiota exhibited a significantly higher abundance of Lachnospiraceae and a significantly lower abundance of uncultured_bacterium_g_Escherichia-Shigella and uncultured_bacterium_g_Bacillus than the MPTP group gut microbiota. These findings indicated that fisetin exerts a neuroprotective effect on neurodegeneration by altering the composition and diversity of gut microbiota. Thus, fisetin could be a potential novel therapeutic for PD.
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- 2020
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13. Retinal capillary microvessel morphology changes are associated with vascular damage and dysfunction in cerebral small vessel disease
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Stewart J Wiseman, Jun-Fang Zhang, Calum Gray, Charlene Hamid, Maria del C Valdés Hernández, Lucia Ballerini, Michael J Thrippleton, Cameron Manning, Michael Stringer, Emilie Sleight, Susana Muñoz Maniega, Alasdair Morgan, Yajun Cheng, Carmen Arteaga, Dany Jaime Garcia, Una Clancy, Fergus N Doubal, Baljean Dhillon, Tom MacGillivray, Yun-Cheng Wu, and Joanna M Wardlaw
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Neurology ,Neurology (clinical) ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine - Abstract
Cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) is a cause of stroke and dementia. Retinal capillary microvessels revealed by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) are developmentally related to brain microvessels. We quantified retinal vessel density (VD) and branching complexity, investigating relationships with SVD lesions, white matter integrity on diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) to CO2 in patients with minor stroke. We enrolled 123 patients (mean age 68.1 ± SD 9.9 years), 115 contributed retinal data. Right (R) and left (L) eyes are reported. After adjusting for age, eye disease, diabetes, blood pressure and image quality, lower VD remained associated with higher mean diffusivity (MD) (standardized β; R −0.16 [95%CI −0.32 to −0.01]) and lower CVR (L 0.17 [0.03 to 0.31] and R 0.19 [0.02 to 0.36]) in normal appearing white matter (NAWM). Sparser branching remained associated with sub-visible white matter damage shown by higher MD (R −0.24 [−0.08 to −0.40]), lower fractional anisotropy (FA) (L 0.17 [0.01 to 0.33]), and lower CVR (R 0.20 [0.02 to 0.38]) in NAWM. OCTA-derived metrics provide evidence of microvessel abnormalities that may underpin SVD lesions in the brain.
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- 2022
14. The Application of Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Cerebral Small Vessel Disease, Ischemic Stroke, and Dementia: A Systematic Review
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Jun-Fang Zhang, Stewart Wiseman, Maria C. Valdés-Hernández, Fergus N. Doubal, Baljean Dhillon, Yun-Cheng Wu, and Joanna M. Wardlaw
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dementia ,Alzheimer's disease ,retinal vasculature ,optical coherence tomography angiography ,ischemic stroke ,cerebral small vessel disease ,Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,RC346-429 - Abstract
Objective: To investigate the application of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in cerebral small vessel disease (SVD), ischemic stroke and dementia.Methods: We conducted a systematic search in MEDLINE (from inception) and EMBASE (from 1980) to end 2019 for human studies that measured retinal parameters in cerebral SVD, ischemic stroke, and dementia using OCTA.Results: Fourteen articles (n = 989) provided relevant data. Ten studies included patients with Alzheimer disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (n = 679), two investigated pre-symptomatic AD participants (n = 154), and two investigated monogenic SVD patients with cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (n = 32) and Fabry disease (n = 124). Methods to reduce bias and risk factor adjustment were poorly reported. Substantial methodological variations between studies precluded a formal meta-analysis. Quantitative measurements revealed significant yet inconclusive changes in foveal avascular zone, perfusion density, and vessel density (VD) in AD, presymptomatic AD, and SVD patients. Two (n = 160) of three studies (n = 192) showed association between decreased VD and increased white matter hyperintensities. In three (n = 297) of seven studies (n = 563), better cognitive function was associated with increased VD. One study (n = 52) suggested increased VD was associated with increased ganglion cell–inner plexiform layer thickness in AD yet with no covariate adjustment.Conclusions: Changes in retinal microvasculature identified using OCTA are associated with monogenic SVD and different stages of AD, but data are limited and partly confounded by methodological differences. Larger studies with risk factors adjustment and more consistent OCTA methods are needed to fully exploit this technology.PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020166929.
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- 2020
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15. Prodromal Markers of Parkinson's Disease in Patients With Essential Tremor
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Xi-Xi Wang, Ya Feng, Xuan Li, Xiao-Ying Zhu, Daniel Truong, William G. Ondo, and Yun-Cheng Wu
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essential tremor ,Parkinson's disease ,ET-PD ,prodromal markers ,substantia nigra hyperechogenicity ,Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,RC346-429 - Abstract
Background: Essential tremor (ET) is manifested as an isolated syndrome of bilateral upper limb action tremor. Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease, with typical motor symptoms of bradykinesia, rigidity, and resting tremor. ET-PD describes the new-onset of PD in ET patients. Recently, numerous studies on epidemiology, genetics, pathology, clinical features, and neuroimaging studies are challenging the idea that ET is an isolated disease, suggesting that patients with ET have the tendency to develop PD.Methods: In this review article, we collected recent findings that reveal prodromal markers of PD in patients with ET.Results: Substantia nigra hyperechogenicity serves as a prodromal marker for predicting the development of PD in patients with ET and provides a reference for therapeutic strategies. Additional potential markers include other neuroimaging, clinical features, heart rate, and genetics, whereas others lack sufficient evidence.Conclusion: In consideration of the limited research of PD in patients with ET, we are still far from revealing the prodromal markers. However, from the existing follow-up studies on ET patients, Substantia nigra hyperechogenicity may enable further exploration of the relationship between ET and PD and the search for pathogenesis-based therapies.
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- 2020
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16. KTN1 Variants Underlying Putamen Gray Matter Volumes and Parkinson’s Disease
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Qiao Mao, Xiaoping Wang, Bin Chen, Longhua Fan, Shuhong Wang, Yong Zhang, Xiandong Lin, Yuping Cao, Yun-Cheng Wu, Jiawu Ji, Jianying Xu, Jianming Zheng, Huihao Zhang, Chengchou Zheng, Wenzhong Chen, Wenhong Cheng, Xingqun Luo, Kesheng Wang, Lingjun Zuo, Longli Kang, Chiang-Shan R. Li, and Xingguang Luo
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Parkinson’s disease ,KTN1 ,putamen ,substantia nigra ,gray matter volume ,mRNA expression ,Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,RC321-571 - Abstract
BackgroundSelective loss of dopaminergic neurons and diminished putamen gray matter volume (GMV) represents a central feature of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Recent studies have reported specific effects of kinectin 1 gene (KTN1) variants on the putamen GMV.ObjectiveTo examine the relationship of KTN1 variants, KTN1 mRNA expression in the putamen and substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc), putamen GMV, and PD.MethodsWe examined the associations between PD and a total of 1847 imputed KTN1 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in one discovery sample [2,000 subjects with PD vs. 1,986 healthy controls (HC)], and confirmed the nominally significant associations (p < 0.05) in two replication samples (900 PD vs. 867 HC, and 940 PD vs. 801 HC, respectively). The regulatory effects of risk variants on the KTN1 mRNA expression in putamen and SNc and the putamen GMV were tested. We also quantified the expression levels of KTN1 mRNA in the putamen and/or SNc for comparison between PD and HC in five independent cohorts.ResultsSix replicable and two non-replicable KTN1-PD associations were identified (0.009 ≤ p ≤ 0.049). The major alleles of five SNPs, including rs12880292, rs8017172, rs17253792, rs945270, and rs4144657, significantly increased risk for PD (0.020 ≤ p ≤ 0.049) and putamen GMVs (19.08 ≤ β ≤ 60.38; 2.82 ≤ Z ≤ 15.03; 5.0 × 10–51 ≤ p ≤ 0.018). The risk alleles of five SNPs, including rs8017172, rs17253792, rs945270, rs4144657, and rs1188184 also significantly increased the KTN1 mRNA expression in the putamen or SNc (0.021 ≤ p ≤ 0.046). The KTN1 mRNA was abundant in the putamen and/or SNc across five independent cohorts and differentially expressed in the SNc between PD and HC in one cohort (p = 0.047).ConclusionThere was a consistent, significant, replicable, and robust positive relationship among the KTN1 variants, PD risk, KTN1 mRNA expression in putamen, and putamen volumes, and a modest relation between PD risk and KTN1 mRNA expression in SNc, suggesting that KTN1 may play a functional role in the development of PD.
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- 2020
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17. Correlates of Nonanemic Iron Deficiency in Restless Legs Syndrome
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Xiao-Ying Zhu, Ting-Ting Wu, Hong-Ming Wang, Xuan Li, Ling-Yan Ni, Tian-Jiao Chen, Meng-Yao Qiu, Jun Shen, Te Liu, William G. Ondo, and Yun-Cheng Wu
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restless legs syndrome ,anemia ,nonanemic ,ferritin ,iron deficiency ,Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,RC346-429 - Abstract
Objective: Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a well-known cause of secondary restless legs syndrome (RLS). Iron deficiency without anemia (IDNA) is insidious, and its association with RLS is less evaluated. We investigate prevalence and features of IDNA in a consecutive cohort of patients with RLS.Methods: We included sequential primary RLS patients and RLS patients with IDA. We also recruited age- and gender-matched healthy controls. RLS mimics and other comorbidities were carefully excluded.Results: One-hundred and ninety-six RLS patients without anemia, 26 RLS patients with IDA, and 63 controls were included. 42.3% of RLS patients without anemia had iron deficiency. Women were much more susceptible for IDNA with a relative risk of 5.51 (p < 0.0001). Women with IDNA and RLS had younger age both at interview and at RLS onset compared to women with RLS without iron deficiency (NID) (P < 0.01). IDNA RLS patients showed a tendency to higher risk of severe/very severe tiredness or sleepiness during the day as compared to NID RLS patients. Furthermore, IDNA RLS patients had longer duration of RLS (P < 0.01 in men, P < 0.05 in women) and younger age at onset (only in men, P < 0.05) compared to IDA RLS patients.Conclusion: IDNA is frequent in RLS and iron deficiency may be severe despite a normal hemoglobin level. Women are at much higher risk for IDNA, and IDNA in women presents some specific clinical features. Features of IDNA RLS are different from IDA RLS. Regular screening of peripheral iron parameters even in patients with normal blood counts is recommended for timely optimal management.
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- 2020
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18. Clinical features of Parkinson’s disease with and without rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder
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Ye Liu, Xiao-Ying Zhu, Xiao-Jin Zhang, Sheng-Han Kuo, William G. Ondo, and Yun-Cheng Wu
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Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder ,Parkinson’s disease ,Depression ,Cognitive decline ,Orthostatic hypotension ,Motor deficits ,Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,RC346-429 - Abstract
Abstract Background Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD) are two distinct clinical diseases but they share some common pathological and anatomical characteristics. This study aims to confirm the clinical features of RBD in Chinese PD patients. Methods One hundred fifty PD patients were enrolled from the Parkinson`s disease and Movement Disorders Center in Department of Neurology, Shanghai General Hospital from January 2013 to August 2014. This study examined PD patients with or without RBD as determined by the REM Sleep Behavior Disorder Screening Questionnaire (RBDSQ), assessed motor subtype by Unified PD Rating Scale (UPDRS) III at “on” state, and compared the sub-scale scores representing tremor, rigidity, appendicular and axial. Investigators also assessed the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR), and Parkinson’s disease Sleep Scale (PDSS). Results One hundred fourty one PD patients entered the final study. 30 (21.28%) PD patients had probable RBD (pRBD) diagnosed with a RBDSQ score of 6 or above. There were no significant differences for age, including age of PD onset and PD duration, gender, smoking status, alcohol or coffee use, presence of anosmia or freezing, UPDRS III, and H-Y stages between the pRBD+ and pRBD− groups. pRBD+ group had lower MMSE scores, higher PDSS scores, and pRBD+ PD patients had more prominent proportion in anxiety, depression, constipation, hallucination and a greater prevalence of orthostatic hypotension. Conclusion pRBD+ PD patients exhibited greater changes in non-motor symptoms. However, there was no increase in motor deficits.
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- 2017
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19. Paranasal sinus occupancy assessed from magnetic resonance images—associations with clinical indicators in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
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Maria del C Valdés Hernández, Karen J Ferguson, Pearlyn Loon, Grant Kirkwood, Jun-Fang Zhang, Nicole Amft, Stuart H Ralston, Yun-Cheng Wu, Joanna M Wardlaw, and Stewart J Wiseman
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Rheumatology ,Pharmacology (medical) - Abstract
Objectives Nasal, paranasal sinus and mucosal disorders are common symptoms in autoimmune rheumatic diseases. Soft tissue changes and fluid accumulation in the osteomeatal complexes and paranasal sinuses manifest as opaqueness on radiological images which can be assessed using visual scoring and computational methods on CT scans, but their results do not always correlate. Using MRI, we investigate the applicability of different image analysis methods in SLE. Methods We assessed paranasal sinus opaqueness on MRI from 51 SLE patients, using three visual scoring systems and expert-delineated computational volumes, and examined their association with markers of disease activity, inflammation, endothelial dysfunction and common small vessel disease (SVD) indicators, adjusting for age and sex-at-birth. Results The average paranasal sinus volume occupation was 4.55 (6.47%) [median (interquartile range) = 0.67 (0.25–2.65) ml], mainly in the maxillary and ethmoid sinuses. It was highly correlated with Lund–Mackay (LM) scores modified at 50% opaqueness cut-off (Spearman’s ρ: 0.71 maxillary and 0.618 ethmoids, P Conclusion In patients with SLE, MRI computational assessment of sinuses opaqueness and LM scores modified at a 50% cut-off may be useful tools in understanding the relationships among paranasal sinus occupancy, disease activity and SVD markers.
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- 2023
20. Progress of clinical research of Parkinson's disease dementia
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Shi-lin YANG and Yun-cheng WU
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Parkinson disease ,Dementia ,Review ,Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,RC346-429 - Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease, characterized by typical motor symptoms and various non-motor symptoms (NMS). Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD) is one common NMS, with high prevalence, disability rate, and poor response to treatment. Recently there have been increasingly new findings in clinical and experimental studies on PDD. This review focuses on its epidemiology, neuropsychological characteristics, predictive factors, diagnosis and pharmacotherapy from clinical perspective so as to promote its research in China. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2017.02.003
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- 2017
21. Dl-3-n-Butylphthalide Exerts Dopaminergic Neuroprotection Through Inhibition of Neuroinflammation
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Yajing Chen, Tingting Wu, Heng Li, Xuan Li, Qing Li, Xiaoying Zhu, Mei Yu, Sheng-Han Kuo, Fang Huang, and Yun-Cheng Wu
- Subjects
dl-3-n-butylphthalide ,MAPK ,microglia ,neuroinflammation ,NF-κB ,Parkinson’s disease ,Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,RC321-571 - Abstract
Microglia-mediated neuroinflammation contributes to multiple neurodegenerative disorders, including PD. Therefore, the regulation of microglial activation probably has the therapeutic potential. This study is aimed to determine whether NBP could suppress microglial activation and protect dopaminergic neurons from excessive neuroinflammation. In the present study, MPTP-induced PD model was established to explore the neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effect of NBP. We assessed motor deficits, dopaminergic neurodegeneration and microglial activation in PD mice. In vitro, the anti-inflammatory activity of NBP was confirmed by cell viability assay of SH-SY5Y cells after being treated with conditioned medium from LPS-stimulated BV-2 cells and from 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium iodide (MPP+)-stimulated BV-2 cells. The expression of pro-inflammatory molecules was determined by RT-PCR, Western Blot and ELISA assay. The generation of NO and ROS were also assessed. The involvement of signaling pathways such as MAPK, NF-κB, and PI3k/Akt were further investigated by Western Blot and immunofluorescence assay. The neuroprotective effect of NBP was demonstrated in vivo as shown by the improvement of dopaminergic neurodegeneration, motor deficits and microglial activation in MPTP-induced mouse model of PD. The expression of pro-inflammatory mediators was also reduced by NBP administration. In vitro, NBP also protected dopaminergic neurons from neurotoxicity induced by activated microglia. NBP pretreatment not only reduced pro-inflammatory molecules, but also suppressed NO release and ROS generation in BV-2 cells. Further mechanism research suggested that the inactivation of MAPK, NF-κB and PI3K/Akt may involve in anti-neuroinflammation role of NBP. In conclusion, our results revealed that NBP exerted dopaminergic neuroprotection through inhibition of microglia-mediated neuroinflammation, suggesting the promising therapeutic effect of NBP for PD.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. The Role of Sirt1 in Ischemic Stroke: Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Strategies
- Author
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Jun-Fang Zhang, Yu-Lei Zhang, and Yun-Cheng Wu
- Subjects
Sirt1 ,deacetylase ,ischemic stroke ,neuroprotection ,sirtuin ,Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,RC321-571 - Abstract
Silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (Sirt1), a nicotine adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent enzyme, is well-known in playing a part in longevity. Ischemic stroke is a major neurological disorder and is a leading cause of death and adult disability worldwide. Recently, many studies have focused on the role of Sirt1 in ischemic stroke. Numerous studies consider Sirt1 as a protective factor and investigate the signaling pathways involved in the process under ischemic stress. However, the answer to whether upregulation of Sirt1 improves the outcome of stroke is still a controversy. In this review, we discuss the role and mechanisms of Sirt1 in the setting of ischemic stroke.
- Published
- 2018
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23. Process and Results of Implementing Disease Management Program in Patients with First-time Ischemic Stroke
- Author
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Hong-Rong YANG, Lei MA, Yi-Feng JIANG, Yun-Cheng WU, Eugene C. LAI, and Yan-Hong ZHU
- Subjects
Disease management program ,Ischemic stroke ,Average length of stay ,Cost-effectiveness analysis ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Background: This study aimed to examine the effect of disease management program (DMP) on the patients with first-time ischemic stroke (IS). Methods: A DMP with 4 parts of performance indicators (PIs, including outpatient, emergency department, inpatient and follow-up treatment) was implemented in patients with stroke in 2 hospitals (Hospital T and R) in Shanghai China from 2007-2010. The effect of DMP on the outcome of IS patients was analyzed according to the criteria of the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). Furthermore, the total effective rate of DMP, average length of stay, hospitalization cost, and cost-effectiveness ratio (CER) between DMP and non-DMP patients were calculated, followed by the cost-effectiveness analysis. Results: The total effective rate of DMP (T: 69.9%; R: 76.6%) was significantly (P
- Published
- 2018
24. Therapeutic Potential of a Prolyl Hydroxylase Inhibitor FG-4592 for Parkinson’s Diseases in Vitro and in Vivo: Regulation of Redox Biology and Mitochondrial Function
- Author
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Xuan Li, Xin-Xin Cui, Ya-Jing Chen, Ting-Ting Wu, Huaxi Xu, Huiyong Yin, and Yun-Cheng Wu
- Subjects
Parkinson’s disease ,FG-4592 ,HIF-1α ,PGC-1α ,mitochondrial function ,Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,RC321-571 - Abstract
As the main transcription factor that regulates the cellular responses to hypoxia, Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD). HIF-1α is normally degraded through ubiquitination after hydroxylation by prolyl hydroxylases (PHD). Emerging evidence has suggested that HIF PHD inhibitors (HIF-PHI) may have neuroprotective effects on PD through increasing HIF-1α levels. However, the therapeutic benefit of HIF-PHI for PD remains poorly explored due to the lack of proper clinical compounds and understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms. In this study, we examined the therapeutic benefit of a new HIF-PHI, FG-4592, which is currently in phase 3 clinical trials to treat anemia in patients with chronic kidney diseases (CKD) in PD models. FG-4592 attenuates MPP+ -induced apoptosis and loss of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in SH-SY5Y cells. Pretreatment with FG-4592 mitigates MPP+-induced loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate (OCR), production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ATP. Furthermore, FG-4592 counterbalances the oxidative stress through up-regulating nuclear factor erythroid 2 p45-related factor 2 (Nrf-2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2). FG-4592 treatment also induces the expression of Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) through increasing the phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). In MPTP-treated mice, FG-4592 protects against MPTP-induced loss of TH-positive neurons of substantia nigra and attenuates behavioral impairments. Collectively, our study demonstrates that FG-4592 is a promising therapeutic strategy for PD through improving the mitochondrial function under oxidative stress.
- Published
- 2018
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25. Impulse control disorders in very elderly patients with restless legs syndrome
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Xiao-Ying Zhu and Yun-Cheng Wu
- Subjects
Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,RC346-429 - Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Thymopentin (TP-5) prevents lipopolysaccharide-induced neuroinflammation and dopaminergic neuron injury by inhibiting the NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway
- Author
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Si-Jia Peng, Ya Feng, Xuan Li, Xi-Xi Wang, Yu Wang, Bu-Tian Zhou, Ye Liu, Te Liu, and Yun-Cheng Wu
- Subjects
Pharmacology ,Immunology ,Immunology and Allergy - Published
- 2023
27. Effects of chromium and lead mixture on pea's growth, ultrastructure, translocation and their accumulation in organs
- Author
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Hong-sheng Wu, Guang-yao Yang, Jun Ding, Wei Tian, Yun-cheng Wu, Ming-chun Di, Ya-jun Duan, Yan-hui Li, Zheng Liu, Ying-cheng Feng, Zhen-wei Li, Yu Liu, Jia-yin Zhao, Meng-meng Wang, Na Wang, Ni Ni, and Zheng-jun Shan
- Subjects
Horticulture - Published
- 2023
28. Ambient fine particulate pollution hysteresis triggers wake-up stroke and rapidly triggers non-wake-up stroke: a case-crossover study
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Yan Wang, Yuan Xin, Xi-Xi Wang, Yu-Lei Zhang, Yue Zhang, Yu Wang, Li Peng, and Yun-Cheng Wu
- Subjects
Air Pollutants ,China ,Cross-Over Studies ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Dust ,General Medicine ,Environmental Exposure ,Overweight ,Pollution ,Stroke ,Air Pollution ,Hypertension ,Environmental Chemistry ,Humans ,Particulate Matter ,Aged ,Ischemic Stroke - Abstract
Atmospheric pollutants increase the risk of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) which has been widely reported. However, little is known about the relationships between air pollution and specific subsets of AIS, such as wake-up stroke (WUS) and non-wake-up stroke (non-WUS). This study aimed to explore the relationship between WUS and non-WUS and atmospheric pollutants. A total of 1432 patients (331 WUS patients and 1101 non-WUS patients) were admitted to a tertiary hospital from 2016 to 2019. A time-stratified case-crossover design and a conditional logistic regression model to study the associations of change in pollutant concentration with WUS and non-WUS events were constructed. Data analysis revealed that WUS-related risks increased 48 to 72 h after the increase in the PM
- Published
- 2022
29. SNCA-Rep1 polymorphism correlates with susceptibility and iron deficiency in restless legs syndrome
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Xuan Li, Ye Liu, Ya Jing Chen, Yun Cheng Wu, Ting-Ting Wu, William G. Ondo, Xiao Ying Zhu, Xiao Jin Zhang, Te Liu, Yue Zhang, Xi Xi Wang, Hong Ming Wang, and Tian Jiao Chen
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Genotype ,Disease ,Gastroenterology ,Age and gender ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Restless Legs Syndrome ,Internal medicine ,mental disorders ,Humans ,Medicine ,Genetic Predisposition to Disease ,Restless legs syndrome ,Allele ,Alleles ,Aged ,Anemia, Iron-Deficiency ,business.industry ,Dopaminergic ,Iron Deficiencies ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Iron Metabolism Disorders ,Pathophysiology ,Logistic Models ,Phenotype ,030104 developmental biology ,Neurology ,Case-Control Studies ,Multivariate Analysis ,alpha-Synuclein ,Female ,Neurology (clinical) ,Iron status ,Geriatrics and Gerontology ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Brain iron disequilibrium and dopaminergic dysfunction are key pathophysiological features of Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS). Rep1 polymorphism in the promotor region of SNCA is associated with risk of Parkinson's disease, however its association with RLS and iron status is unclear.To investigate SNCA-Rep1 polymorphism in RLS and its phenotypes.We recruited RLS patients as well as age and gender matched healthy controls. Demographic information and clinical features of RLS were recorded. Laboratory examinations were performed to exclude possible secondary causes.215 RLS patients and 369 healthy controls were included. We found that the Rep1 allele 0 homozygosity significantly decreased RLS risk (OR: 0.345; P 0.0001, and remained significant after the Bonferroni correction). Phenotypic analysis demonstrated that longer Rep1 alleles were associated with increased susceptibility to iron deficiency (53.0% vs 36.1%, P = 0.017), however had no phenotypic significant effects on age, gender, onset age, duration, RLS family history, severity, laterality, extra body involvement and seasonal fluctuation. Multivariate logistic regression analyses confirmed long Rep1 allele was associated with higher risk of iron deficiency in RLS after adjusting for potential confounding factors. In detail, Rep1 allele 2 homozygosity was prone to a higher risk of peripheral iron deficiency in RLS (OR: 4.550, P = 0.006, remained significant after the Bonferroni correction).The SNCA-Rep1 variability modified RLS risk and influenced peripheral iron deficiency in this group of Chinese RLS patients. Rep1 allele 0 homozygosity decreased the risk of RLS, while homozygous allele 2 increased the risk of nonanemic iron deficiency in RLS.
- Published
- 2020
30. Wake-up stroke: imaging-based diagnosis and recanalization therapy
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Yun-Cheng Wu, Yan Wang, Xi-Xi Wang, Yu-Lei Zhang, Jun-Fang Zhang, and Craig S. Anderson
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Time Factors ,Neurology ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Brain Ischemia ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Reperfusion therapy ,Fibrinolytic Agents ,medicine ,Humans ,Thrombolytic Therapy ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Stroke ,Ischemic Stroke ,Neuroradiology ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Magnetic resonance imaging ,Thrombolysis ,medicine.disease ,Review article ,Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Neurology (clinical) ,Radiology ,Abnormality ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Wake-up stroke (WUS) is a subgroup of ischemic stroke in which patients show no abnormality before sleep while wake up with neurological deficits. In addition to the uncertain onset, WUS patients have difficulty to receive prompt and effective thrombolytic or reperfusion therapy, leading to relatively poor prognosis. A number of researches have indicated that CT or MRI based thrombolysis and endovascular therapy might have benefits for WUS patients. This review article narratively discusses the pathogenesis, risk factors, imaging-based diagnosis and recanalization treatments of WUS with the purpose of expanding current treatment options for this group of stroke patients and exploring better therapeutic methods. The result showed that multimodal MRI or CT scan might be the best methods for extending the time window of WUS and, therefore, a large proportion of WUS patients could have favorable prognosis.
- Published
- 2020
31. TET2-mediated Cdkn2A DNA hydroxymethylation in midbrain dopaminergic neuron injury of Parkinson’s disease
- Author
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Ting-Ting Wu, Tian-Jiao Chen, Jiu-Lin Chen, Te Liu, Ye Liu, Yajing Chen, Xiao-Ying Zhu, Yun-Cheng Wu, Xuan Li, Ya Feng, and Qing Li
- Subjects
Male ,DNA Hydroxymethylation ,Substantia nigra ,Biology ,Dioxygenases ,Epigenesis, Genetic ,Mice ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Mesencephalon ,Proto-Oncogene Proteins ,Genetics ,Animals ,Humans ,Epigenetics ,Molecular Biology ,Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 ,Genetics (clinical) ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,Pars compacta ,Dopaminergic Neurons ,Parkinson Disease ,General Medicine ,Epigenome ,DNA Methylation ,Cell cycle ,Cell biology ,DNA-Binding Proteins ,Disease Models, Animal ,DNA methylation ,5-Methylcytosine ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Epigenetic therapy - Abstract
It has been reported that abnormal epigenetic modification is associated with the occurrence of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Here, we found that a ten-eleven translocation 2 (TET2), a staff of the DNA hydroxylases family, was increased in dopaminergic neurons in vitro and in vivo. Genome-wide mapping of DNA 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC)-sequencing has revealed an aberrant epigenome 5-hmC landscape in 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium iodide (MPP+)-induced SH-SY5Y cells. The TET family of DNA hydroxylases could reverse DNA methylation by oxidization of 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) to 5-hmC. However, the relationship between modification of DNA hydroxymethylation and the pathogenesis of PD is not clear. According to the results of 5-hmC-sequencing studies, 5-hmC was associated with gene-rich regions in the genomes related to cell cycle, especially gene-cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (Cdkn2A). Downregulation of TET2 expression could significantly rescue MPP+-stimulated SH-SY5Y cell damage and cell cycle arrest. Meanwhile, knockdown of Tet2 expression in the substantia nigra pars compacta of MPTP-induced PD mice resulted in attenuated MPTP-induced motor deficits and dopaminergic neuronal injury via p16 suppression. In this study, we demonstrated a critical function of TET2 in PD development via the CDKN2A activity-dependent epigenetic pathway, suggesting a potential new strategy for epigenetic therapy.
- Published
- 2020
32. Stroke-related restless legs syndrome: epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and pathophysiology
- Author
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Xi-Xi Wang, Ya Feng, Eng-King Tan, William G. Ondo, and Yun-Cheng Wu
- Subjects
Sleep Wake Disorders ,Stroke ,Restless Legs Syndrome ,Humans ,General Medicine - Abstract
Stroke-related restless legs syndrome (RLS) is one of stroke-related sleep disorders, which may be due to de novo RLS after stroke onset or an exacerbation of RLS symptoms after incident stroke. To date, the diagnostic rate of stroke-related RLS is low but it has a significant effect on patients' daily life and functional outcome. This review provides an overview of the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, pathophysiology, and impact on functional outcome of stroke-related RLS.
- Published
- 2021
33. Corrigendum: Dl-3-n-Butylphthalide Exerts Dopaminergic Neuroprotection Through Inhibition of Neuroinflammation
- Author
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Ting-Ting Wu, Xuan Li, Sheng-Han Kuo, Xiaoying Zhu, Heng Li, Fang Huang, Yajing Chen, Qing Li, Mei Yu, and Yun-Cheng Wu
- Subjects
MAPK/ERK pathway ,Aging ,Parkinson's disease ,Microglia ,Chemistry ,Cognitive Neuroscience ,Dopaminergic ,microglia ,Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,NF-κB ,Pharmacology ,medicine.disease ,MAPK ,Neuroprotection ,neuroinflammation ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,dl-3-n-butylphthalide ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,medicine ,Neuroinflammation ,RC321-571 ,Dl 3 n butylphthalide - Published
- 2021
34. Corrigendum: Dl-3-n-Butylphthalide Exerts Dopaminergic Neuroprotection Through Inhibition of Neuroinflammation
- Author
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Yun-Cheng Wu, Xuan Li, Sheng-Han Kuo, Mei Yu, Xiaoying Zhu, Ting-Ting Wu, Fang Huang, Qing Li, Heng Li, and Yajing Chen
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Aging ,Cognitive Neuroscience ,Parkinson's disease ,microglia ,Pharmacology ,Neuroprotection ,NF-κB ,lcsh:RC321-571 ,neuroinflammation ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,dl-3-n-butylphthalide ,medicine ,Viability assay ,lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway ,Neuroinflammation ,Original Research ,Microglia ,Chemistry ,Neurodegeneration ,Dopaminergic ,Neurotoxicity ,Correction ,medicine.disease ,MAPK ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Parkinson’s disease ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Neuroscience - Abstract
Microglia-mediated neuroinflammation contributes to multiple neurodegenerative disorders, including PD. Therefore, the regulation of microglial activation probably has the therapeutic potential. This study is aimed to determine whether NBP could suppress microglial activation and protect dopaminergic neurons from excessive neuroinflammation. In the present study, MPTP-induced PD model was established to explore the neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effect of NBP. We assessed motor deficits, dopaminergic neurodegeneration and microglial activation in PD mice. In vitro, the anti-inflammatory activity of NBP was confirmed by cell viability assay of SH-SY5Y cells after being treated with conditioned medium from LPS-stimulated BV-2 cells and from 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium iodide (MPP+)-stimulated BV-2 cells. The expression of pro-inflammatory molecules was determined by RT-PCR, Western Blot and ELISA assay. The generation of NO and ROS were also assessed. The involvement of signaling pathways such as MAPK, NF-κB, and PI3k/Akt were further investigated by Western Blot and immunofluorescence assay. The neuroprotective effect of NBP was demonstrated in vivo as shown by the improvement of dopaminergic neurodegeneration, motor deficits and microglial activation in MPTP-induced mouse model of PD. The expression of pro-inflammatory mediators was also reduced by NBP administration. In vitro, NBP also protected dopaminergic neurons from neurotoxicity induced by activated microglia. NBP pretreatment not only reduced pro-inflammatory molecules, but also suppressed NO release and ROS generation in BV-2 cells. Further mechanism research suggested that the inactivation of MAPK, NF-κB and PI3K/Akt may involve in anti-neuroinflammation role of NBP. In conclusion, our results revealed that NBP exerted dopaminergic neuroprotection through inhibition of microglia-mediated neuroinflammation, suggesting the promising therapeutic effect of NBP for PD.
- Published
- 2021
35. Relationship between inferior frontal sulcal hyperintensities on brain MRI, ageing and cerebral small vessel disease
- Author
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Madeleine Murphy, Iona Hamilton, Joanna M. Wardlaw, Hwee Fang Lim, Jun-fang Zhang, Lucy Kesseler, Simon R. Cox, Will Hewins, Michael S. Stringer, Gayle Barclay, Yun-cheng Wu, Carol Di Perri, Francesca M Chappell, Una Clancy, Stewart Wiseman, Susana Muñoz Maniega, Fergus N. Doubal, Maria del C. Valdés-Hernández, Charlotte Jardine, Donna McIntyre, Mark E. Bastin, Michael J. Thrippleton, and Daniela Jaime Garcia
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Aging ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Prefrontal Cortex ,Neuroimaging ,Cribriform plate ,Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery ,Cohort Studies ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Cerebrospinal fluid ,Risk Factors ,Centrum semiovale ,medicine ,Humans ,Perivascular space ,CSF albumin ,Cerebrospinal Fluid ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,General Neuroscience ,Magnetic resonance imaging ,Middle Aged ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Hyperintensity ,Stroke ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Cerebral Small Vessel Diseases ,Female ,Independent Living ,Neurology (clinical) ,Radiology ,Geriatrics and Gerontology ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Developmental Biology - Abstract
Raised signal in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) may indicate raised CSF protein or debris and is seen in inferior frontal sulci on routine MRI. To explore its clinical relevance, we assessed the association of inferior frontal sulcal hyperintensities (IFSH) on FLAIR with demographics, risk factors, and small vessel disease markers in three cohorts (healthy volunteers, n=44; mild stroke patients, n=105; older community-dwelling participants from Lothian birth cohort 1936, n=101). We collected detailed clinical data, scanned all subjects on the same 3T MRI scanner and 3-dimensional FLAIR sequence and developed a scale to rate IFSH. In adjusted analyses, the IFSH score increased with age (per 10-year increase; OR 1.69; 95% CI, 1.42-2.02), and perivascular spaces score in centrum semiovale in stroke patients (OR 1.73; 95% CI, 1.13-2.69). Since glymphatic CSF clearance declines with age and drains partially via the cribriform plate to the nasal lymphatics, IFSH on 3T MRI may be a non-invasive biomarker of altered CSF clearance and justifies further research in larger, more diverse samples.
- Published
- 2021
36. Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 interactions with LDLR and AMPK regulate foam cell formation
- Author
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Huiyong Yin, Jianhong Lu, Yu-Lei Zhang, L. L. Li, Yun-Cheng Wu, Ningning Liang, Mingjiang Zhu, Lili Zhang, Jing Ge, Yongzhen Tao, Shanshan Zhong, and Shuyuan Guo
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Aldehyde dehydrogenase ,AMP-Activated Protein Kinases ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Humans ,cardiovascular diseases ,ALDH2 ,Foam cell ,biology ,Chemistry ,Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Mitochondrial ,Autophagy ,AMPK ,General Medicine ,Atherosclerosis ,HDAC3 ,Aldehyde Oxidoreductases ,Cell biology ,030104 developmental biology ,LDL receptor ,biology.protein ,Phosphorylation ,lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins) ,Research Article ,Foam Cells - Abstract
Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) is a mitochondrial enzyme detoxifying acetaldehyde and endogenous lipid aldehydes; previous studies suggest a protective role of ALDH2 against cardiovascular disease (CVD). Around 40% of East Asians carrying the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) ALDH2 rs671 have an increased incidence of CVD. However, the role of ALDH2 in CVD beyond alcohol consumption remains poorly defined. Here we report that ALDH2/LDLR double knockout (DKO) mice have decreased atherosclerosis compared with LDLR-KO mice, whereas ALDH2/APOE-DKO mice have increased atherosclerosis, suggesting an unexpected interaction of ALDH2 with LDLR. Further studies demonstrate that in the absence of LDLR, AMPK phosphorylates ALDH2 at threonine 356 and enables its nuclear translocation. Nuclear ALDH2 interacts with HDAC3 and represses transcription of a lysosomal proton pump protein ATP6V0E2, critical for maintaining lysosomal function, autophagy, and degradation of oxidized low-density lipid protein. Interestingly, an interaction of cytosolic LDLR C-terminus with AMPK blocks ALDH2 phosphorylation and subsequent nuclear translocation, whereas ALDH2 rs671 mutant in human macrophages attenuates this interaction, which releases ALDH2 to the nucleus to suppress ATP6V0E2 expression, resulting in increased foam cells due to impaired lysosomal function. Our studies reveal a novel role of ALDH2 and LDLR in atherosclerosis and provide a molecular mechanism by which ALDH2 rs671 SNP increases CVD.
- Published
- 2018
37. Prevalence and Clinical Features of FOG in Chinese PD Patients, a Multicenter and Cross-Sectional Clinical Study
- Author
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Yun-Cheng Wu, Xuebing Cao, Anmu Xie, Jing Gan, Weiguo Liu, Lirong Jin, Suzhi Liu, Lingjing Jin, Yuefei Shen, Wentao Li, Zhenguo Liu, Dengjun Guo, and Canxing Yuan
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Levodopa ,genetic structures ,prevalence ,freezing of gait (FOG) ,Logistic regression ,Gastroenterology ,lcsh:RC346-429 ,parkinson's disease (PD) ,Clinical study ,Quality of life ,Internal medicine ,Hamd ,medicine ,lcsh:Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,Original Research ,business.industry ,anxiety ,Gait ,Pathophysiology ,epidemiological investigation ,quality of life ,Neurology ,Anxiety ,Neurology (clinical) ,medicine.symptom ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Objectives: Freezing of gait (FOG) is generally considered as an independent symptom of Parkinson's disease (PD) with a complex pathophysiology. There is a wide range of associated clinical features of FOG reported from different studies without consistent conclusion. Thus, a multicenter, cross-sectional study was designed to investigate the prevalence and clinical features of FOG together with its unique contribution quality of life in Chinese PD patients.Methods: Eight hundred and thirty eight PD patients were consecutively recruited into this study from 12 hospital centers in six provinces in China. Clinical information, including motor and neuropsychological features as well as pharmacological details, was collected.Results: Of 827 PD patients, 245 (29.63%) reported FOG. The prevalence of FOG was strongly correlated with modified H-Y stages and symptomatic duration (p < 0.01). 84.90% freezers experienced FOG during turning and 88.98% experienced when initiating the first step. Compared with non-freezers, freezers reported longer disease duration (7.73 ± 5.44 vs. 4.69 ± 3.94, p < 0.000), higher frequent PIGD phenotype (61.22 vs. 35.91%, p < 0.000), higher scores of UPDRS III (32.85 ± 15.47 vs. 22.38 ± 12.89, p < 0.000), HAMA (10.99 ± 7.41 vs. 7.59 ± 6.47, p < 0.000), HAMD (15.29 ± 10.29 vs. 10.58 ± 8.97, p < 0.000) and lower MMSE score (25.12 ± 5.27 vs. 26.63 ± 3.97, p < 0.000), and higher daily levodopa dosage (432.65 ± 264.31 vs. 319.19 ± 229.15, p < 0.000) with less frequent initial use of dopaminergic agonist (8.57 vs. 14.78%, p < 0.05). Using binary logistic regression, the associated factors of FOG might be non-tremor dominant onset (OR = 3.817, p < 0.000), the presence of anxiety (OR = 2.048, p < 0.000) and imbalance (OR = 4.320, p = 0.012). Freezers had poorer quality of life than non-freezers and FOG impacted PDQ-8 independently.Conclusion: Nearly one third of the PD patients experienced FOG. Its frequency increased with PD progression and FOG reduced independently the quality of life. Non-tremor dominant, disease progression, and anxiety were risk factors of FOG.
- Published
- 2021
38. Impulse Control Disorders in Parkinson's Disease: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Strategies
- Author
-
Ya Feng, Jun-Fang Zhang, Joseph Jankovic, Yun-Cheng Wu, Robert Fekete, and Xi-Xi Wang
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Parkinson's disease ,impulse control disorders ,lcsh:RC435-571 ,Review ,Disease ,Pathogenesis ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,binge eating ,lcsh:Psychiatry ,Epidemiology ,medicine ,dopaminergic drugs ,compulsive buying ,Psychiatry ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,hypersexuality ,Binge eating ,business.industry ,pathological gambling ,Dopaminergic ,medicine.disease ,Impulse control ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Hypersexuality ,medicine.symptom ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Impulse control disorders (ICDs) in Parkinson's disease (PD) are aberrant behavior such as pathological gambling, hypersexuality, binge eating, and compulsive buying, which typically occur as a result of dopaminergic therapy. Numerous studies have focused on the broad spectrum of ICDs-related behaviors and their tremendous impact on patients and their family members. Recent advances have improved our understanding of ICDs. In this review, we discuss the epidemiology, pathogenesis and treatment of ICDs in the setting of PD.
- Published
- 2021
39. Ferroptosis and cardiovascular disease: role of free radical-induced lipid peroxidation
- Author
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Ningning Liang, Yun-Cheng Wu, L. L. Li, Jingwen Lv, Xiaodong Xu, Huiyong Yin, Xin Chen, Xuan Li, and Lili Zhang
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Programmed cell death ,Lipid Peroxides ,Necrosis ,Free Radicals ,Biochemistry ,Lipid peroxidation ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,medicine ,Ferroptosis ,Humans ,Myocardial infarction ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,030102 biochemistry & molecular biology ,business.industry ,Autophagy ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Atherosclerosis ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,Apoptosis ,Cardiovascular Diseases ,Heart failure ,Cancer research ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Polyunsaturated fatty acid - Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD), including heart attack, stroke, heart failure, arrhythmia, and other congenital heart diseases remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The leading cause of deaths in CVD is attributed to myocardial infarction due to the rupture of atherosclerotic plaque. Atherosclerosis refers a condition when restricted or even blockage of blood flow occurs due to the narrowing of blood vessels as a result of the buildup of plaques composed of oxidized lipids. It is well-established that free radical oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in lipoproteins or cell membranes, termed lipid peroxidation (LPO), plays a significant role in atherosclerosis. LPO products are involved in immune responses and cell deaths in this process, in which previous evidence supports the role of programmed cell death (apoptosis) and necrosis. Ferroptosis is a newly identified form of regulated cell death characterized by the iron-dependent accumulation of lipid hydroperoxides to lethal levels, which exhibits distinct features from apoptosis, necrosis and autophagy in morphology, biochemistry and genetics. Emerging evidence appears to demonstrate that ferroptosis is also involved in CVD. In this review, we summarize the recent progress on ferroptosis in CVD and atherosclerosis, highlighting the role of free radical LPO. The evidence underlying the ferroptosis and challenges in the field will also be critically discussed.
- Published
- 2021
40. Adapting to post-COVID19 research in Parkinson's disease: Lessons from a multinational experience
- Author
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Nicodemus E. Oey, Puneet Opal, Louis C.S. Tan, Francisco Cardoso, KRay R. Chaudhuri, Carlo Colosimo, Yun Cheng Wu, Pramod Kumar Pal, Beomseok Jeon, Shen-Yang Lim, Daniel Truong, Werner Poewe, Eng-King Tan, Alberto Albanese, H.A. Jinnah, and Christine Hui Shan Chan
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,2019-20 coronavirus outbreak ,Parkinson's disease ,Biomedical Research ,Internationality ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,Clinical Neurology ,Parkinson's disease trials ,Clinical research ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Medicine ,Humans ,Intensive care medicine ,Point of View ,business.industry ,Country-specific challenges ,COVID-19 ,Parkinson Disease ,medicine.disease ,Settore MED/26 - NEUROLOGIA ,030104 developmental biology ,Neurology ,Multinational corporation ,Neurology (clinical) ,Geriatrics and Gerontology ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Highlights • COVID-19 has significant impact on PD research and education activities. • Country-specific restrictions may pose challenges to PD research and require careful adaptations. • Neurological Symptoms of COVID-19 may overlap with PD.
- Published
- 2021
41. Fisetin Regulates Gut Microbiota and Exerts Neuroprotective Effect on Mouse Model of Parkinson’s Disease
- Author
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Qing Li, Ting-Ting Wu, Te Liu, Tian-Jiao Chen, Yun-Cheng Wu, Xuan Li, Ya Feng, and Yajing Chen
- Subjects
Parkinson's disease ,fisetin ,Gut flora ,Pharmacology ,Neuroprotection ,digestive system ,lcsh:RC321-571 ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,medicine ,lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,Original Research ,biology ,gut microbiota ,General Neuroscience ,MPTP ,Lachnospiraceae ,Neurodegeneration ,Dopaminergic ,neuroprotective ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,chemistry ,Parkinson’s disease ,biomarker ,Fisetin ,Neuroscience - Abstract
Previous studies have reported the anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer effects of fisetin. However, the therapeutic efficacy of fisetin in Parkinson’s disease (PD) is unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that fisetin could markedly alleviate 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced dopaminergic neurodegeneration in mice. To confirm the reported correlation between gut microbiota and PD, the bacterial DNA in the fresh feces of mice from each group was subjected to 16S rRNA (V3 and V4 regions) sequencing. The results revealed that fisetin changed the number, diversity, and distribution of gut microbiota in MPTP-induced mice model of PD. The alpha and beta diversity analyses showed that the fisetin intervented MPTP group gut microbiota exhibited a significantly higher abundance of Lachnospiraceae and a significantly lower abundance of uncultured_bacterium_g_Escherichia-Shigella and uncultured_bacterium_g_Bacillus than the MPTP group gut microbiota. These findings indicated that fisetin exerts a neuroprotective effect on neurodegeneration by altering the composition and diversity of gut microbiota. Thus, fisetin could be a potential novel therapeutic for PD.
- Published
- 2020
42. Serum calcium and long-term outcome after ischemic stroke: Results from the China National stroke registry III
- Author
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Jing Jing, Zheng-Chang Jia, Xiao-Fei Chen, Jinxi Lin, Wen-Jun Xue, Jun-Fang Zhang, Yun-Cheng Wu, Songdi Wu, Yongjun Wang, Xin-Sheng Han, Xingquan Zhao, Bin-Bin Song, Yuesong Pan, Xia Meng, and Yilong Wang
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,China ,chemistry.chemical_element ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Calcium ,Logistic regression ,Brain Ischemia ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Modified Rankin Scale ,Risk Factors ,Internal medicine ,Medicine ,Humans ,cardiovascular diseases ,Myocardial infarction ,Registries ,Stroke ,Ischemic Stroke ,business.industry ,Albumin ,medicine.disease ,Prognosis ,030104 developmental biology ,Quartile ,chemistry ,Ischemic stroke ,Cardiology ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Biomarkers - Abstract
Serum calcium abnormality is associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes, but the effects of serum calcium level on stroke outcomes remain unknown. We aimed to assess the relationship between serum calcium level and 1-year outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack.We included 9375 stroke patients from the China National Stroke Registry III for analysis. Participants were divided into 4 groups according to albumin corrected-calcium quartiles. Composite end point comprised recurrent stroke, myocardial infarction, other ischemic vascular events, and all-cause mortality. Multivariable Cox or logistic regression was used to evaluate the independent association of albumin corrected-calcium with all-cause mortality, recurrent stroke, composite end point, and poor functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale score ≥3).Compared with the lowest calcium quartile (2.16 mmol/L), the adjusted hazard ratio (95% CI) of the top quartile (≥2.31 mmol/L) was 1.56 (1.11-2.18) for all-cause mortality, 1.06 (0.87-1.28) for recurrent stroke and 1.08 (0.90-1.01) for composite end point, and the adjusted odds ratio for poor functional outcome was 1.18 (0.96-1.44). The addition of serum calcium to conventional risk factors improved risk prediction of all-cause mortality, leading to a small but significant increase in C-statistics and reclassification with non-significant integrated discrimination improvement (C-statistics, p = 0.02; net reclassification index 11.8%, p = 0.038; integrated discrimination improvement 0.08%, p = 0.42).High serum calcium levels at baseline were associated with all-cause mortality at 1-year after ischemic stroke, suggesting that serum calcium may be a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for ischemic stroke.
- Published
- 2020
43. Corrigendum to: TET2-mediated Cdkn2A DNA hydroxymethylation in midbrain dopaminergic neuron injury of Parkinson’s disease
- Author
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Ye Liu, Ting-Ting Wu, Xiao-Ying Zhu, Te Liu, Xuan Li, Yun-Cheng Wu, Qing Li, Tian-Jiao Chen, Jiu-Lin Chen, Yajing Chen, and Ya Feng
- Subjects
DNA Hydroxymethylation ,Midbrain ,Parkinson's disease ,CDKN2A ,Genetics ,medicine ,General Medicine ,Biology ,Dopaminergic neuron ,medicine.disease ,Molecular Biology ,Neuroscience ,Genetics (clinical) - Published
- 2021
44. Prodromal Markers of Parkinson's Disease in Patients With Essential Tremor
- Author
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Xuan Li, William G. Ondo, Xiao Ying Zhu, Xi Xi Wang, Daniel Truong, Yun Cheng Wu, and Ya Feng
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Parkinson's disease ,ET-PD ,Substantia nigra ,Review ,Disease ,Bioinformatics ,lcsh:RC346-429 ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Neuroimaging ,Epidemiology ,Medicine ,Resting tremor ,essential tremor ,lcsh:Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,Essential tremor ,business.industry ,medicine.disease ,prodromal markers ,Review article ,030104 developmental biology ,Neurology ,substantia nigra hyperechogenicity ,Neurology (clinical) ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Background: Essential tremor (ET) is manifested as an isolated syndrome of bilateral upper limb action tremor. Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease, with typical motor symptoms of bradykinesia, rigidity, and resting tremor. ET-PD describes the new-onset of PD in ET patients. Recently, numerous studies on epidemiology, genetics, pathology, clinical features, and neuroimaging studies are challenging the idea that ET is an isolated disease, suggesting that patients with ET have the tendency to develop PD. Methods: In this review article, we collected recent findings that reveal prodromal markers of PD in patients with ET. Results: Substantia nigra hyperechogenicity serves as a prodromal marker for predicting the development of PD in patients with ET and provides a reference for therapeutic strategies. Additional potential markers include other neuroimaging, clinical features, heart rate, and genetics, whereas others lack sufficient evidence. Conclusion: In consideration of the limited research of PD in patients with ET, we are still far from revealing the prodromal markers. However, from the existing follow-up studies on ET patients, Substantia nigra hyperechogenicity may enable further exploration of the relationship between ET and PD and the search for pathogenesis-based therapies.
- Published
- 2020
45. Restless abdomen: a spectrum or a phenotype variant of restless legs syndrome?
- Author
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William G. Ondo, Xiao Ying Zhu, Xi Xi Wang, Zan Wang, Jian Wei Dong, and Yun Cheng Wu
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Pediatrics ,Neurology ,Insomnia ,Adolescent ,genetic structures ,lcsh:RC346-429 ,03 medical and health sciences ,Young Adult ,0302 clinical medicine ,Restless Legs Syndrome ,Sensation ,Abdomen ,mental disorders ,Medicine ,Humans ,Neurochemistry ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Restless legs syndrome ,lcsh:Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies ,Aged, 80 and over ,Movement Disorders ,business.industry ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Perineum ,nervous system diseases ,body regions ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,SENSORY DISORDERS ,Phenotype ,Female ,Neurology (clinical) ,Neurosurgery ,Restless abdomen ,business ,Dopaminergic therapy ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Research Article - Abstract
Background With the growing awareness of restless legs syndrome (RLS), sensory disorders similar to RLS but initially confined to the arms, abdomen, and perineum have been reported. One of them is restless abdomen, which refers to a restless sensation in abdomen. Our study is designed to evaluate the clinical phenotype of restless abdomen and investigate its relationship with RLS. Methods We enrolled 10 patients with restless abdomen according to RLS diagnostic criteria, excluding the requiring of leg involvement. Laboratory examinations were performed to exclude mimics and notable comorbidities. Results All 10 patients had RLS like symptoms in the abdomen and otherwise satisfied all other RLS diagnostic criteria, and responded to dopaminergic therapy. Conclusions Neurologists and gastroenterologists should be aware that RLS-related restlessness can occur in extra-leg anatomy in the absence of episodes of worsening or augmentation of restlessness.
- Published
- 2020
46. KTN1 Variants Underlying Putamen Gray Matter Volumes and Parkinson’s Disease
- Author
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Xingguang Luo, Yun-Cheng Wu, Wenzhong Chen, Wenhong Cheng, Yuping Cao, Bin Chen, Lingjun Zuo, Longhua Fan, Jiawu Ji, Jianming Zheng, Xiaoping Wang, Xingqun Luo, Longli Kang, Chiang-Shan R. Li, Kesheng Wang, Chengchou Zheng, Huihao Zhang, Shuhong Wang, Yong Zhang, Jianying Xu, Qiao Mao, and Xiandong Lin
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Parkinson's disease ,Mrna expression ,Single-nucleotide polymorphism ,Substantia nigra ,Biology ,lcsh:RC321-571 ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,gray matter volume ,Allele ,lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,Original Research ,KTN1 ,Pars compacta ,General Neuroscience ,Putamen ,Dopaminergic ,mRNA expression ,medicine.disease ,030104 developmental biology ,Endocrinology ,substantia nigra ,nervous system ,Parkinson’s disease ,putamen ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Neuroscience - Abstract
Background Selective loss of dopaminergic neurons and diminished putamen gray matter volume (GMV) represents a central feature of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Recent studies have reported specific effects of kinectin 1 gene (KTN1) variants on the putamen GMV. Objective To examine the relationship of KTN1 variants, KTN1 mRNA expression in the putamen and substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc), putamen GMV, and PD. Methods We examined the associations between PD and a total of 1847 imputed KTN1 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in one discovery sample [2,000 subjects with PD vs. 1,986 healthy controls (HC)], and confirmed the nominally significant associations (p < 0.05) in two replication samples (900 PD vs. 867 HC, and 940 PD vs. 801 HC, respectively). The regulatory effects of risk variants on the KTN1 mRNA expression in putamen and SNc and the putamen GMV were tested. We also quantified the expression levels of KTN1 mRNA in the putamen and/or SNc for comparison between PD and HC in five independent cohorts. Results Six replicable and two non-replicable KTN1-PD associations were identified (0.009 ≤ p ≤ 0.049). The major alleles of five SNPs, including rs12880292, rs8017172, rs17253792, rs945270, and rs4144657, significantly increased risk for PD (0.020 ≤ p ≤ 0.049) and putamen GMVs (19.08 ≤ β ≤ 60.38; 2.82 ≤ Z ≤ 15.03; 5.0 × 10–51 ≤ p ≤ 0.018). The risk alleles of five SNPs, including rs8017172, rs17253792, rs945270, rs4144657, and rs1188184 also significantly increased the KTN1 mRNA expression in the putamen or SNc (0.021 ≤ p ≤ 0.046). The KTN1 mRNA was abundant in the putamen and/or SNc across five independent cohorts and differentially expressed in the SNc between PD and HC in one cohort (p = 0.047). Conclusion There was a consistent, significant, replicable, and robust positive relationship among the KTN1 variants, PD risk, KTN1 mRNA expression in putamen, and putamen volumes, and a modest relation between PD risk and KTN1 mRNA expression in SNc, suggesting that KTN1 may play a functional role in the development of PD.
- Published
- 2020
47. Correlates of Nonanemic Iron Deficiency in Restless Legs Syndrome
- Author
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Te Liu, Ting-Ting Wu, Ling Yan Ni, Tian Jiao Chen, Xuan Li, Xiao Ying Zhu, Yun Cheng Wu, William G. Ondo, Meng Yao Qiu, Hong Ming Wang, and Jun Shen
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Anemia ,lcsh:RC346-429 ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,iron deficiency ,Internal medicine ,mental disorders ,medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Restless legs syndrome ,lcsh:Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,Original Research ,biology ,business.industry ,ferritin ,Iron deficiency ,medicine.disease ,anemia ,Optimal management ,Ferritin ,Neurology ,Iron-deficiency anemia ,Relative risk ,Cohort ,biology.protein ,restless legs syndrome ,Neurology (clinical) ,business ,nonanemic ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Objective: Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a well-known cause of secondary restless legs syndrome (RLS). Iron deficiency without anemia (IDNA) is insidious, and its association with RLS is less evaluated. We investigate prevalence and features of IDNA in a consecutive cohort of patients with RLS.Methods: We included sequential primary RLS patients and RLS patients with IDA. We also recruited age- and gender-matched healthy controls. RLS mimics and other comorbidities were carefully excluded.Results: One-hundred and ninety-six RLS patients without anemia, 26 RLS patients with IDA, and 63 controls were included. 42.3% of RLS patients without anemia had iron deficiency. Women were much more susceptible for IDNA with a relative risk of 5.51 (p < 0.0001). Women with IDNA and RLS had younger age both at interview and at RLS onset compared to women with RLS without iron deficiency (NID) (P < 0.01). IDNA RLS patients showed a tendency to higher risk of severe/very severe tiredness or sleepiness during the day as compared to NID RLS patients. Furthermore, IDNA RLS patients had longer duration of RLS (P < 0.01 in men, P < 0.05 in women) and younger age at onset (only in men, P < 0.05) compared to IDA RLS patients.Conclusion: IDNA is frequent in RLS and iron deficiency may be severe despite a normal hemoglobin level. Women are at much higher risk for IDNA, and IDNA in women presents some specific clinical features. Features of IDNA RLS are different from IDA RLS. Regular screening of peripheral iron parameters even in patients with normal blood counts is recommended for timely optimal management.
- Published
- 2020
48. Mental Health of Front-Line Chinese Medical Staff During the COVID-19 Outbreak
- Author
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Jian Chang, Kristine Yaffe, Xiao-Jin Zhang, Fang Fang, Yan Wang, Yue Leng, Yun-Cheng Wu, Xi-Xi Wang, and Yue Zhang
- Subjects
Response rate (survey) ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Generalized anxiety disorder ,business.industry ,medicine.disease ,Mental health ,Family medicine ,Marital status ,Medicine ,Anxiety ,Medical history ,Athens insomnia scale ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Depression (differential diagnoses) - Abstract
Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has affected over 100 countries thus far. The increasing number of patients might lead to enormous changes in psychological status of medical staff. Aims: The aim of this study was to understand the psychological status of medical staff during the COVID-19 outbreak. Method: Medical staff working in hospitals in Wuhan and the Yangtze River Delta were invited to complete an online questionnaire, which was composed of basic demographic data, the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS) for sleep disturbances, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) for anxiety, and the Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) for depressive symptoms. Results: Among the 1225 invited medical staff, 686 participants (64 males, 9.33% and 622 females, 90.67%; average age 33.13±7.82 years) responded to the survey (response rate was 56.00%). 482 (67.35%) respondents reported sleep disturbances, 224 (32.65%) reported anxiety and 204 (29.74%) reported depressive symptoms. Multivariable linear regression analysis showed that occupation (doctor), department (respiratory, ICU), workplace (areas in Wuhan), marital status (married), and medical history (anxiety, depression or sleep disorders) were significantly correlated with AIS, GAD-7 and SDS scores (P
- Published
- 2020
49. Neurology practice and stroke services across East China: a multi-site, county-level hospital-based survey
- Author
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Yu Geng, Xi-Xi Wang, Guo-Ping Wang, Ke-Zhong Zhang, Meng-Yao Qiu, Yu-Lei Zhang, Jun-Fang Zhang, Yun-Cheng Wu, and Kan Fang
- Subjects
Hospitals, County ,China ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Neurology ,Hospital services ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Health Services Accessibility ,lcsh:RC346-429 ,Intravenous thrombolysis ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Survey ,Human resources ,lcsh:Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,Stroke services ,business.industry ,Public health ,Stroke center ,Multi site ,General Medicine ,Emergency department ,medicine.disease ,Arterial thrombectomy ,Observational study ,Neurology (clinical) ,Medical emergency ,business ,Research Article - Abstract
Background Neurological disorders are an economic and public health burden which requires efficient and adequate medical resources. Currently, little is known about the status of the quality of neurological care services available in China. As neurological primary care is mostly provided at the county hospital level, investigation of this geographical level is required. The aim of this study is to evaluate currently available neurology care services in Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomerations in east China. Methods A multi-site, county-level hospital-based observational survey was conducted in east China from January 2017 to December 2017. A questionnaire was made to assess hospital and the departmental patient care capabilities, human resources and technical capacity in neurology departments. Results Of 228 hospitals across the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomerations, 217 documents were returned. Of these, 22 were excluded due to invalid hospital information or duplicate submission. Overall, most hospitals have neurology departments (162, 83.1%) while less than half of the hospitals have a stroke center (80, 41.0%) and neurology emergency department (46, 23.6%). Among 162 hospitals with neurology department, 5 were excluded due to inadequate sharing, leaving 157 hospitals for analysis. About 84.1% of these neurology departments can administer intravenous thrombolysis while about one third of them has the ability to perform arterial thrombectomy (36.9%). In addition, 46.2% of hospitals can carry out computed tomography angiography (CTA) in emergency room. Tertiary care hospitals are much more equipped with modern medical resources compared to the secondary hospitals. In four administrative regions, the neurology services are better in more economically advanced regions. Conclusions Neurological care services need to be enhanced at the county-level hospitals to improve health care delivery.
- Published
- 2019
50. CD200-, CX3CL1-, and TREM2-mediated neuron-microglia interactions and their involvements in Alzheimer’s disease
- Author
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Wenjuan Zhao, Jinchao Gao, Juan Xu, Lihang Zhang, Yun-Cheng Wu, and Ming Yin
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Central nervous system ,Biology ,Pathogenesis ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Alzheimer Disease ,Antigens, CD ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Receptors, Immunologic ,Receptor ,CX3CL1 ,Neurons ,Membrane Glycoproteins ,Microglia ,Chemokine CX3CL1 ,TREM2 ,General Neuroscience ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,nervous system ,Neuron ,Neuroscience ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Homeostasis - Abstract
Neurons and microglia are two major components in the central nervous system (CNS). The interactions between them play important roles in maintaining homeostasis of the brain. In recent years, substantial studies have focused on the interactions between neurons and microglia, revealing that microglia become reactive when the interactions are pathophysiologically interfered, usually accompanying neuronal injury, which is a common feature for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Many molecules and factors participate in these physiological and pathological processes, either in a contact-dependent or a contact-independent manner. Accumulating studies have revealed that in the CNS, cluster of differentiation-200 (CD200) and fractalkine (CX3CL1) expressed mainly on neurons and triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) expressed mainly on microglia. These molecules can mediate neuron-microglia interactions in a contact-dependent manner and contribute to the pathogenesis of AD. Here, we review the expression, distribution, and function of CD200, CX3CL1, and TREM2 in regulating neuron-microglia interactions under physiological conditions as well as in AD.
- Published
- 2018
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