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Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the association between whole-body (WB), arm, and leg extracellular-to-intracellular water resistance (Recw/Ricw) ratios and various physical functions of each segment and muscle mass using segmental multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis. Methods: In total, 988 community-dwelling older adults were included in the analysis. Physical function was assessed using hand grip, 5-repetition sit-to-stand, 5-m habitual walk, Timed Up and Go, and single-leg balance with eyes open tests. Each segmental Recw/Ricw ratio and muscle mass were assessed at 5 and 250 kHz resistances using a segmental multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis device. Pearson's correlation between the segmental Recw/Ricw ratio and muscle mass and physical function was calculated, and the difference in correlation coefficients was tested using Bonferroni correction. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted using physical function as the dependent variable and the segmental Recw/Ricw ratio as the independent variable, adjusting for sex, age, body mass index, and segmental muscle mass. Results: WB and leg Recw/Ricw ratios were significantly positively correlated with good hand grip performance, gait speed, mobility, balance, and standing power (p