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Network society possesses more influence towards people’s lives presently. As a consequence, the caring for uptake is growing within speech acts in online contexts. From the realistic world to the virtual one, the linguistic boundary is becoming broader, so as the boundaries of people themselves. The information age has already changed the cognition about human beings, which is the essence of people is informational fluid that can depart from the body and present an ambiguous status on the network. Causing by the rise of the position of the uptake, a speaker is more likely to fall into an asymmetrical interlocution when exposed to the Internet. This conversational inequality would change the way people speak, and furtherly influence their ideology. The dangers of online speech are therefore unsealed, including the sluggishness and rigidification of language use as well as the conversion within the speakers’ minds, whose details will be discussed in this paper.

In this paper, three modified Lesile-Gower predator-prey models with two time delays are considered. Taking the time delay as bifurcation parameter, when Hopf bifurcation occurs, the critical value corresponding to time delay is obtained. By using normal form theory and central manifold argument, the direction of Hopf bifurcation and the stability of bifurcation periodic solution can be determined. Finally, numerical simulation is performed to support theoretical analysis.

Steering control for autonomous vehicles is used for more complex scenarios, such as nonlinear scenarios and varied vehicle speeds scenarios during the actual driving process. Model Predictive Control (MPC) is known as a feasible method for multi-constraints. However, a complicated mathematical model will lead to a great computational burden. To deal with this issue, a modified MPC-based adaptive steering strategy with nonlinear compensation by using Double Deep Q-learning Network Algorithm (DDQN) is proposed. Considering the real-time requirement for steering control, MPC is used as a basic controller to calculate the linear turning case. Then a DDQN algorithm is applied for compensating the errors caused by the nonlinear feature of the vehicle and the time-varying speed. Finally, numerical validations and experimental tests in a real vehicle are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy. The traditional MPC and only the DDQN method are applied as the benchmark strategies. The comparison validation results under different speed and vehicle parameters indicate that the proposed method has superior performance in adapting to time-varying speeds and vehicle nonlinear features. And the experimental tests based on actual driving scenarios also validate the remarkable stability of the developed control method.

Aim Patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) have a high risk of developing infections while hospitalized. Nosocomial bloodstream infection (BSI) is not uncommon, particular in patients who receive invasive operation, which may have negative impact on prognosis. In this study, we aim to investigate the characteristics and short-term outcome of nosocomial BSI in patients with ACLF. Methods Sixty-three patients with ACLF and nosocomial BSI from January 2014 to December 2015 were retrospectively studied. Clinical characteristics and distribution of bacteria at the time of BSI onset and short-term mortality were collected. Results The most common etiology of ACLF was hepatitis B virus infection. Eighty-one percent of ACLF patients had other types of infections at BSI onset. Gram-negative bacteria (77.8%) were the main pathogens, among which Escherichia coli was responsible for 46.9%. Staphylococcus epidermidis was the main Gram-positive bacteria. The most prevalent multidrug resistance (MDR) bacteria was extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli. The overall 28-day mortality rate was 42.9%. Multivariate analysis found that model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score and number of organ failures were predictors of 28-day mortality. The area under the receiver operating characteristic of the numbers of organ failures to predict 28-day mortality was higher than MELD score (0.833 vs. 0.784, 0.4099), but without significant difference. Conclusion Gram-negative bacteria were the most prevalent pathogens and ESBL-producing bacteria were responsible for most of the MDR bacteria in patients with ACLF and nosocomial BSI. Higher MELD score and multiorgan failure were associated with worse outcomes.

Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is very common haematopoietic malignancies with poor prognosis. Chemotherapy is still a mainstay therapy for AML patients. AML microenvironment plays critical roles in therapy response. However, the role of chemotherapy in AML microenvironment is poorly understood. In this study, we report that cytarabine (AraC)-triggered TNFα from AML cells expanded myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and enhanced MDSC functions and survival through activating IL-6/STAT3 and NFκB pathways. Blockade of TNFα in conditioned medium-derived AraC-treated AML cells (AraC_CM) impaired MDSC expansion and functions, reduced IL-6 secretion and the level of activated STAT3. Inhibiting IL6 or STAT3 abrogated AraC_CM-mediated MDSC suppressive function. Additionally, inhibiting TNFα also impaired AraC_CM-mediated NFκB activation. Blocking NFκB activation reduced MDSC viability induced by AraC_CM. Together, these results provided a role of AraC-induced TNFα in MDSC expansion and functions and suggest that targeting TNFα may benefit AML patients to current anticancer strategies by blocking MDSC-mediated immunosuppression.

The effect of Fe-C alloy additions on thermal, mechanical and corrosive properties of (Cu50Zr40Ti10)1-x(Fe-C)x (x = 0–2.20 at%) alloys were systematically investigated. The results show that the Fe and C additions can enhance glass transition temperature Tg and onset crystallization temperature Tx, but narrow supercooled liquid region ΔTx. Work-hardening can be clearly observed for the Cu-based bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) containing Fe and C elements. The yield strength (σy), fracture strength (σf) and plastic strain (ep) are drastically increased by Fe-C alloy additions. The corrosion potential Ec increases and the corrosion current density ic decreases with increasing Fe and C contents. The studied Cu-based BMGs exhibit unique and novel anodic polarization behavior characterized by current platforms plus current serrations. The current serrations are much larger for the Cu-based BMGs with 0 ≤ x ≤ 1.32 at% than for those with 1.76 ≤ x ≤ 2.20 at%. The corrosion surface images are changed from the pits to the passive films by Fe-C alloy additions. The corrosion behavior gradually transforms from the pitting corrosion to the self-passivization with increasing Fe and C contents. The corresponding mechanisms are also discussed.

With the rapid urban expansion in China, there is considerable development of road networks, mainly comprising arterial roads, expressways, and loop-lines in urban regions. In addition to typical short trips, certain number of long trips are also included in the driving behavior for urban areas. In view of the new characteristics of urban mixed roads, a driving cycle construction methodology combining k-means clustering and Markov model method is proposed based on about 2.4 million seconds of driving data collected from seven passenger cars without route planning. In order to cluster micro trips into appropriate categories corresponding to different types of roads, the Silhouette equation is introduced to determine the appropriate clustering strategy and the error of artificial factors is restrained. The constructed driving cycle, comprising a 1200 s speed-time series, is developed based on the assessment of speed–acceleration frequency distribution and estimation of six characteristic parameters. According to the results, the average difference rate of six characteristic parameters is only 4.31%, which demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Supplemental Material, sj-docx-1-ccx-10.1177_10732748211004883 for The Early Diagnostic Value of Serum Interleukin-8 in Esophagogastric Junction Adenocarcinoma by Zheng Li, Haijie Xu, Jiaming Yu, Cantong Liu, Chunwen Zheng, Ruijie Zeng, Liyan Xu, Enmin Li, Yuhui Peng and Yiwei Xu in Cancer Control

Hydrology-climate changes and food availability are expected to be the primary drivers that result in a loss of waterbirds diversity. Non-biological factors are vital to food availability in interconnected river-lake systems, so in addition to identifying the ecological response to drivers, it is also important to analyze and quantify relationships between drivers. In order to explore the impacts of these drivers on the wintering waterbirds, we selected Dongting Lake (DTL) as a study area, which is a typical interconnected river-lake system in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Floodplain. The Anatidae species, most of which are herbivorous, were chosen as the representative waterfowl. The Pearson correlation coefficient was applied to select variables related to the timing of water recession and food availability, which have significant influences on the Anatidae. Then, the structural equation model (SEM) was carried out to quantify the relationships among the food availability, hydrological variables, and climatic variables. The results showed that unseasonably early or late water recession had a negative impact on the diversity of the Anatidae, and in particular affected population dynamics of the Lesser White-fronted goose Anser erythropus. Significant changes in Anatidae populations in DTL occurred in response to maximum NDVI (r = 0.53, p0.01) and the interval time of water recession (r = -0.43, p0.1). Water level, flow, and interval time of water recession explained 71% of maximum NDVI in DTL. In addition, hydraulic interactions between the mainstream and each lake jointly affected the inundation pattern and the vegetation growth stage of the lake after the flood season, thus affecting foraging suitability. Our findings suggest that water compensation should be carried out within an appropriate range of hydraulic gradient to optimize the time of water recession and improve the suitability of the habitat effectively.

The shallow marine channels and fans in the Yinggehai Basin have huge hydrocarbon exploration potential. The depositional features and filling processes of the submarine channel and fan system during 10.5–7.2 ma were studied based on seismic data, cores, well curves, and lab data. (1) Five depositional elements were recognized in the channel system, including PSC, MSC, DSC, levee, and abandonment fill, and the deposits show the typical sedimentary structure of debris flow. The filling process of the channel system was divided into three stages based on deposits supply intensity. The stages were made up of several filling units, and each unit possessed at least one complete channelized depositional succession. (2) The fan system was developed under the large-scale “U” shaped feeding canyon, and its filling process was divided into two stages, the shape and distribution were controlled by shelf break and syn-sedimentary faults in the early stage, and was influenced by the localized changes of paleogeomorphology in late stage. The influence factors for the development of gravity-driven systems were summarized into two levels: regional depositional environment changes and localized distinctive geologic settings. The former one controlled the development of shallow water gravity-driven deposits in the whole basin, mainly including rapid falling of sea-level, moderate subsidence rate, and stable deposits supply. The latter one controlled the morphology and distribution of depositional elements in gravity-driven systems. The pre-existing banded low terrain induced by blind faults controlled the shape of the confined channel, and variable faulting intensity in different segments of the syn-sedimentary fault and localized paleogeomorphology changes influenced the distribution of channels and inner fan in the fan system. The study of deposition features, internal architecture, and controlling factors may provide a reference for further exploration in this area and a deeper understanding of gravity-driven processes in shallow marine.

Objective Treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains a challenge. It is urgent to understand the microenvironment to improve therapy and prognosis. Methods Bioinformatics methods were used to analyze transcription expression profile of AML patient samples with complete clinical information from UCSC Xena TCGA-AML datasets and validate with GEO datasets. Western blot, qPCR, RNAi and CCK8 assay were used to assay the effect of GPX1 expression on AML cell viability and the expression of genes of interest. Results Our analyses revealed that highly expressed GPX1 in AML patients links to unfavorable prognosis. GPX1 expression was positively associated with not only fraction levels of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), monocytes and T cell exhaustion, the expression levels of MDSC markers, MDSC-promoting CCR2 and immune inhibitory checkpoints (TIM3/Gal-9, SIRPα and VISTA), but also negatively with low fraction levels of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Silencing GPX1 expression reduced AML cell viability and CCR2 expression. Moreover, GPX1-targetd kinases were PKC family, SRC family, SYK and PAK1, which promote AML progression and the resistance to therapy. Furthermore, Additionally, GPX1-associated prognostic signature (GPS) is an independent risk factor with high area under curve (AUC) values of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. High risk group based on GPS enriched not only with endocytosis which transfers mitochondria to favor AML cell survival in response to chemotherapy, but also NOTCH, WNT and TLR signaling which promote therapy resistance. Conclusion Our results revealed the significant involvement of GPX1 in AML immunosuppression via and provided a prognostic signature for AML patients.

MXene, especially Ti3C2Tx, is attracting extensive attention as an absorbing material owing to its strong dielectric loss and tunable structure. Nevertheless, extremely high conductivity and non-magnetic loss mechanism limit the absorbing intensity and effective absorption bandwidth (EAB). Herein, the magnetic ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles decorated Ti3C2Tx MXene composite is designed and synthesized by using a facile in-situ solvothermal method. The novel ZnFe2O4@Ti3C2Tx-2 (1:2) composite shows an optimal reflection loss of −60.94 dB and a wide EAB of 6.08 GHz at a matching thickness of only 1.75 mm. The mechanism analysis reveals that the synergetic electromagnetic loss effect, interfacial polarization, dipole polarization, and laminated structure contribute to improving the microwave absorption (MA) performance. Furthermore, to confirm the use capability of the ZnFe2O4@Ti3C2Tx sample coatings in practical applications, the radar cross-section (RCS) reduction performance has been proved through using computer simulation technology (CST). With the detection theta of 0°, the ZnFe2O4@Ti3C2Tx-2 sample coating possesses the largest RCS reduction value of 22.83 dB. This work lays the foundation for the rational design of high-performance absorbing materials.

Climate change, regarded as one of the major threats to biodiversity and ecosystems, can impact on the distribution and survival of migratory birds. To investigate the threats of climate change to threatened migratory bird distributions, we used species distribution model (SDM) and climatic data under current and future climate scenarios to predict future changes in species distributions and how the geographic distribution of these threatened birds may respond to climate change by 2050. Our results show the hotspots for all species may remain in the lower and middle reaches of the Yangtze River, while more species may dwell in the coastal regions of the Bohai Gulf and the Yellow Sea in the future. Our findings show that the percentage of all species distributions or hotspots for all threatened species covered by national nature reserves (NNRs) in China remain low by 2050. Thus, we propose that China should increase and expand reserves in eastern China. Significantly, we emphasize the creation of protected areas to make it the Ramsar sites in the world and recommend that China should (1) strengthen the cooperation with neighboring countries to share maximum species occurrence data (especially the threatened species), (2) overlay maps of individual species for each taxon to assess the efficiency of coastal nature reserves and predict the hotspots shift under climate change, (3) trade off urban development and ecosystem stability to create new and dynamic protected areas to make it the Ramsar sites, (4) appeal for long-term protection of ecosystem stability to achieve sustainable development in the world.

Confining ZnO quantum dots (QDs) into a solid state matrix to form nanocomposite materials is an important mean to design nonlinear optical devices. In this paper, ZnO confined in Al2O3 matrix are synthesized by pulsed laser deposition method and rapid thermal annealing technique. The substantial oxygen vacancies are generated in the N2-annealed ZnO QDs. Magnetic measurements illustrate that the ferromagnetic nature of ZnO QDs confined in Al2O3 matrix can be due to the oxygen vacancies. The determined two-photon absorption in N2-annealed ZnO QDs is an instantaneous nonlinear process and is enhanced almost 2 times compared to that of O2-annealed ZnO QDs. The enhancement of optical nonlinearities achieved in confined ZnO QDs with substantial oxygen vacancies is important for the practical applications of ZnO nanostructures in such as optical limiting devices and all-optical switching elements.

Efficient, flexible, thin, and easy processing electromagnetic interference (EMI) performance materials attract attention to prevent increasingly electromagnetic pollution. Herein, we fabricated multiple spatial-scale conductive frameworks containing tantalum carbide (TaC) nanoparticles by electrospinning and high-temperature pyrolysis. The electrospun composite fabrics possess outstanding properties such as an excellent tensile strength of 9.5 MPa and excellent flexibility. Furthermore, the TaC nanoparticles with appropriate concentration can interconnect with each other endowing the composite fabrics with high electrical conductivity of 10.4 S cm−1. It also has great EMI SE of up to 37.7 dB in X band with only 0.2 mm thickness, and the SSE/t values of 4290.1 dB cm2 g−1. Owing to its pore structure, the shielding mechanism is mainly based on reflection and the finite element simulation further visually confirmed the excellent shielding capabilities. This novel electrospun composite fabrics have a great potential to be applied in fields of aerospace, and electronic devices.

The magnetic–dielectric composites with synergetic magnetic and dielectric losses have exhibited great potential in the practical applications of microwave absorbing material. This paper reports a simple low-temperature in situ hydrothermal approach for synthesizing novel composites composed of the dielectric Ti3SiC2 wrapped with magnetic CoNi nanoparticles. The microstructure, morphology, electromagnetic properties, and microwave absorption performance of as-synthesized samples were investigated. By adjusting the content of formed magnetic CoNi nanoparticles on the surface of Ti3SiC2, obvious regulated frequency-dependence of electromagnetic parameters for the proposed CoNi/Ti3SiC2 composites can be realized. Consequently, the effective absorption bandwidth (RL

Climate changes are related to the changes in the distribution of migratory species, which irreparably harm biodiversity. In this study, we evaluated the habitat change and population centroid shift for 7 orders and 23 different species on the IUCN (International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources) Red List of migratory birds from 2014 to 2017 in current to mid-21st (2041–2700) century by Maximum Entropy method (MaxEnt) model. We found that there is significant spatial variability in geographical suitability, with the Yangtze River basin losing 9.74% of suitable habitat and the Pearl River basin losing 13% of habitat. The area of suitable habitat decreases over 3% of total habitat area in China under the RCP 2.6, and decreases about 10% of total habitat area in China under RCP 8.5 scenario, with the population centroid of habitat moving about 50 km to northeast on average. Furthermore, the mean suitability of migratory birds will decrease over 3% in the future, which means environmental variables are changing in directions that are not suitable for birds. Migratory birds will change their habitat and growth cycle in response to the climate change. The direction and distance of the population centroid are different for every species. Most of the individual species in the study will move over 50 km and all the species will move to places with higher suitability. For the whole of China, the constraint for migratory birds is t min (Minimum temperature). The dominant variable in southeast China is NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index), while alt (altitude) in the north China. The decline in the suitable habitat area and shift in the population centroid will lead to the changes in the time and distance of the migration process, resulting in more adverse conditions for the survival of migratory birds. Our study proves the adverse role of climate change in species distribution which is a prerequisite for protecting species in the future.

For large-area electronic applications, the mechanism of the leakage current in oxide-semiconductor thin-film transistors (TFTs) has become a critical issue. In this work, the impact of the irradiation location on the photo-leakage current of zinc oxide (ZnO) TFTs is investigated. The photo-leakage current of the ZnO TFTs is not only dependent on the light irradiation but it is also dependent on the parasitic capacitance between the drain electrode and the floating gate metal. The photo-leakage current of the source-half irradiation TFT is larger than that of the drain-half irradiation TFT. To explain this phenomenon, the profile of the electric potential and the electron concentration is analyzed by two-dimensional device simulation. It is found that the floating gate metal plays the dominant role in the photo-leakage current. This research provides insight into TFT structure optimization and high-performance TFT process development.

The heavy-duty vehicle fleet involved in delivering water and sand makes noticeable issues of exhaust emissions and fuel consumption in the process of shale gas development. To examine the possibility of converting these heavy-duty diesel engines to run on natural gas-diesel dual-fuel, a transient engine duty cycle representing the real-world engine working conditions is necessary. In this paper, a methodology is proposed, and a target engine duty cycle comprising of 2231 seconds is developed from on-road data collected from 11 on-road sand and water hauling trucks. The similarity of inherent characteristics of the developed cycle and the base trip observed is evidenced by the 2.05% error of standard deviation and average values for normalized engine speed and engine torque. Our results show that the proposed approach is expected to produce a representative cycle of in-use heavy-duty engine behavior.

Under the long-term influence of electrical load and natural environmental factors, the insulation performance of the insulator will gradually decrease, and deteriorated insulators with different degrees of deterioration will appear in the insulator string. The presence of degraded insulators can pose a significant risk to the safe operation of the power system. In order to study the influence of insulators with different degradation degrees on the voltage distribution of insulator strings in 500 kV transmission lines, this paper studies the distribution voltages of different positions, different numbers and different degraded insulators in 500 kV transmission line insulator strings based on finite element method. The simulation results show that the voltage drop of the insulator with a lighter degree of degradation is very low, and it is more difficult to identify by the distributed voltage. The deteriorated insulator has a certain lifting effect on the voltage of its adjacent insulator. Finally, the effects of different degrees of deteriorated insulators on the voltage distribution are studied by experiments. The conclusions are consistent with the simulation results.

MXene-based magnetic–dielectric composites with synergetic magnetic and dielectric losses have exhibited great potential in the practical applications of microwave absorbing material. In the present paper, novel composites consisting of laminated Ti3C2Tx MXene decorated with magnetic FeNi nanoparticles were constructed via a facile in situ hydrothermal approach. The microstructure, morphology, magnetic properties, and microwave absorption performances of as-synthesized samples were investigated in detail, and corresponding mechanisms were further discussed. Results demonstrated that the frequency dependence of electromagnetic parameters for the FeNi/Ti3C2Tx MXene composites could be easily regulated by simply changing the content of FeNi nanoparticles in favor of improved magnetic loss and optimized impedance matching. Consequently, a broadband effective absorption bandwidth (RL