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The exponential synchronization (ES) of Cohen–Grossberg stochastic neural networks with inertial terms (CGSNNIs) is studied in this paper. It is investigated in two ways. The first way is using variable substitution to transform the system to another one and then based on the properties of i t ^ o integral, differential operator, and the second Lyapunov method to get a sufficient condition of ES. The second way is based on the second-order differential equation, the properties of calculus are used to get a sufficient condition of ES. At last, results of the theoretical derivation are verified by virtue of two numerical simulation examples.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), first broke out in Wuhan, China, in 2019. SARS-CoV-2 develops many types of mutations (such as B.1.1.7), making diagnosis and treatment challenging. Although we now have a preliminary understanding of COVID-19, including pathological changes, clinical manifestations, and treatment measures, we also face new difficulties. The biggest problem is that most COVID-19 patients might face sequelae (e.g., fatigue, sleep disturbance, pulmonary fibrosis) during the recovery phase. We aimed to test six Chinese patent medicines to treat three major abnormal symptoms in COVID-19 patients during the recovery phase, including cardiopulmonary function, sleep disturbance, and digestive function. We launched the “three syndromes and six Chinese patent medicines” randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter clinical trial on April 10, 2020. The results showed that Jinshuibao tablets and Shengmaiyin oral liquid significantly improved the cardiopulmonary function of recovering COVID-19 patients. Shumian capsules, but not Xiaoyao capsules, significantly improved patients’ sleep disorders. This might be because the indication of Xiaoyao capsules is liver qi stagnation rather than psychological or emotional problems. Xiangsha Liujun pills and Ludangshen oral liquid significantly improved digestive function. Our research provides a guideline for treating COVID-19 sequelae in patients during the recovery period based on high-quality evidence.

The mitochondrial complexes are prone to sirtuin (Sirt)3-mediated deacetylation modification, which may determine cellular response to stimuli, such as oxidative stress. In this study, we show that the cytochrome c oxidase (COX)-1, a core catalytic subunit of mitochondrial complex IV, was acetylated and deactivated both in 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride-treated NIH/3T3 cells and hydrogen peroxide-treated primary neuronal cells, correlating with apoptotic cell death induction by oxidative stress. Inhibition of Sirt3 by small interfering RNA or the inhibitor nicotinamide induced accumulation of acetylation of COX-1, reduced mitochondrial membrane potential, and increased cell apoptosis. In contrast, overexpression of Sirt3 enhanced deacetylation of COX-1 and inhibited oxidative stress-induced apoptotic cell death. Significantly, rats treated with ischemia/reperfusion injury, a typical oxidative stress-related disease, presented an inhibition of Sirt3-induced hyperacetylation of COX-1 in the brain tissues. Furthermore, K13, K264, K319, and K481 were identified as the acetylation sits of COX-1 in response to oxidative stress. In conclusion, COX-1 was discovered as a new deacetylation target of Sirt3, indicating that the Sirt3/COX-1 axis is a promising therapy target of stress-related diseases.-Tu, L.-F., Cao, L.-F., Zhang, Y.-H., Guo, Y.-L., Zhou, Y.-F., Lu, W.-Q., Zhang, T.-Z., Zhang, T., Zhang, G.-X., Kurihara, H., Li, Y.-F., He, R.-R. Sirt3-dependent deacetylation of COX-1 counteracts oxidative stress-induced cell apoptosis.

Caffeine is a major component of xanthine alkaloids and commonly consumed in many popular beverages. Due to its occasional side effects, reduction of caffeine in a natural way is of great importance and economic significance. Recent studies reveal that caffeine can be converted into non-stimulatory theacrine in the rare tea plant Camellia assamica var. kucha (Kucha), which involves oxidation at the C8 and methylation at the N9 positions of caffeine. However, the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. Here, we identify the theacrine synthase CkTcS from Kucha, which possesses novel N9-methyltransferase activity using 1,3,7-trimethyluric acid but not caffeine as a substrate, confirming that C8 oxidation takes place prior to N9-methylation. The crystal structure of the CkTcS complex reveals the key residues that are required for the N9-methylation, providing insights into how caffeine N-methyltransferases in tea plants have evolved to catalyze regioselective N-methylation through fine tuning of their active sites. These results may guide the future development of decaffeinated drinks., Kucha is a rare variety of tea tree that produces the non-stimulatory theacrine instead of caffeine. Here the authors show that theacrine synthase from Kucha has N9-methyltransferase activity resulting from amino acid substitutions that explain substrate specificity and could potentially guide production of caffeine-free tea.

A molecular dynamics simulation is performed to investigate the icosahedron in Mg70Zn30 metallic glass during solidification at the cooling rate of 1 × 1013 K/s. It is found that the 1551, 1541 and 1431 bond-types are closely related to 13-atom icosahedron-like clusters. Two kinds of clusters are very similar to full icosahedron in geometry. The three clusters can transform into each other by changing one bond between a pair of outer atoms. One distorted icosahedron act as the intermediate between the two others. This work provides an insight into the glass formation in alloy from the cluster-level structural viewpoint and will shed light on developing more metallic glasses.

After thermal treatment at 120 °C in the presence of hydrochloric acid (thermal-acid treatment), soybean protein increased its water-insoluble network structure due to the molecular rearrangement and aggregation of unfolded protein molecules, which improved its water resistance. Modification with various crosslinkers, namely glyoxal, polyisocyanate, a glyoxal–polyisocyanate combination, waterborne epoxy latex and modified polyamide, were employed to further enhance the water resistance of the thermal-acid treated soybean protein (TSP). FTIR and DSC analyses confirmed that all of the crosslinkers could chemically react with the TSP, but the crosslinking degree varied with crosslinker species. The positive effect of crosslinker species on the water resistance and thermal stability of the TSP as evaluated by a boiling water-insoluble test and TGA analysis was in the order modified polyamide > glyoxal–polyisocyanate > polyisocyanate > epoxy latex > glyoxal. In addition, wood flour-reinforced soybean protein-based composites were successfully fabricated to investigate the possibility of manufacturing acceptable biocomposites using crosslinked and thermal-acid treated soybean protein. FTIR analysis, SEM observation and tensile property evaluation showed that all crosslinkers except glyoxal could react with wood flour to form various chemical bonds at the protein–wood interface and therefore significantly improve the water resistance and tensile strength of the obtained composites. The extent of improvement depended on the crosslinker species and crosslinking mechanism. Modified polyamide was the most preferable crosslinker for commercial applications because its modified composite had good tensile strength and the best water resistance.

This paper considers the factor of a mechanism based on customer, with the purpose of getting to know the different characteristics that must be taken into account during the development of software as a procedure. This also involves the attending of all kinds of relevant person of the Information system model together with the users’ message exchanging experience. This paper offers a mechanism of the related role in the design of a software component as a procedure, with the target of confirming their attending outside and within the organization. The purpose is to create a component centered on the user, involving clients and experts to work collaboratively; and get usable software as information system.

In this paper, an adaptive fuzzy PID controller based on genetic algorithm is designed. Brushless DC motor uses double closed loop control system. The adaptive fuzzy PID controller based on genetic algorithm is applied to outer ring speed ring, and PI controller is applied to inner ring. The simulation results show that, the designed brushless DC motor control system based on genetic algorithm optimization has a short rise time and no overshoot, small steady-state error and other advantages. And the system has strong robustness and adaptability.

Using the finite element software “ANSYS” to establish the three-dimensional coupled model in magnetic field and temperature field during the process of transverse flux induction heating of ring-shaped heater and Square-shaped sheet steel, this paper studies the distribution laws of the magnetic and temperature fields in the induction heating process. Through studies, the calculations show: 1) The distribution of the magnetic fields and eddy cavities in the sheet workpiece is in the shape of ring; has close ties with the shapes of the coils; 2) The intensities of the coils’ magnetic field and eddy cavities reach the strongest in the projection of sheet metal, and the temperature in the projection part also rises the fastest. For the purpose of verification, the induction heating experimental plat is established to measure the changes of temperatures of numerous points in the plat and to compare the changes with the calculations. Via the comparison between the simulation results and the experimental measurements, the results of numerical simulation are confirmed reliable, and can be used as the theory and the experimental basis for the design of the induction heating system.

Herein, the effects of cooling rate during rapid solidification of Mg40Al60 metallic glasses are studied using the molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. The system energy, pair distribution function (PDF), local structures, configuration entropy, and three-dimensional visualization are used to systematically analyze the evolution of microstructure with temperature. Results indicate that the lower the cooling rate, the lower the average atomic energy. With the decrease of cooling rate, increases the height difference between two splitting subpeaks of the second peak on PDF curves; while decreases the onset temperature of glass transition. The effect of the cooling rate on the topologically close-packed (TCP) clusters is similar to the local five-fold structures of S555: the lower the cooling rate, the more the amount of TCP clusters, and the lower the configuration entropy. In addition, most TCP clusters are centered the smaller Al atoms.

Using fuzzy neural network to tune PID parameters, and DSP as processor, it was designed that a set of electric boiler temperature control system based on PID parameters self-tuning, including the design of each hardware module and each software subroutine of the system. Experimental results show that compared with the traditional PID temperature control system, this temperature control system has the advantages such as good control effect, easy parameter adjustment, strong anti-jamming capability, better adaptability and robustness, has the feasibility and practical value.

Environmental variables, phytoplankton biomass and species composition in Nanhu Lake in Yingdong Village, Chongming Island were monitored from August 2010 to September 2011. The relationship between environmental variables and population variation of phytoplankton was discussed. The results showed that water body morphology was the key factor leading to the variation of phytoplankton community. In river-type waters the level of phytoplankton biomass was generally higher than that in lake-type waters, especially in summer. During the period of seasonal change, in river-type waters Cyanophyta dominated longer with the succession from Cyanophyta to Chlorophyta and Bacillariophyta occurred later than that in lake-type waters. Redundancy analysis (RDA) indicated that the morphology of enclosed waters had influence on phytoplankton biomass and species composition. One of the mechanisms may be that water body morphology could have impact on the growth and species dynamics of phytoplankton indirectly by affecting nutrient concentrations.

Lateritic ore can be heated and deoxidized rapidly via microwave irradiation with activated carbon as deoxidizer. In this paper, we studied the reductive roasting behavior of carbon-containing lateritic ore in microwave field and the composition of products through different heating process with varying carbon content. The results show that the heating process of the lateritic ore is a thermally stable process. The reductive level of lateritic ore can be adjusted by changing the proportion of carbon powders and the heating time of microwave irradiation. During this reductive roasting process, the quality of the added carbon powders will make a great impact on the phase composition of the product and then affect the heating rate. The reductive calcite product mainly consists of magnetite and wastage. With the rising of the content of reducing agent, the reductive level of lateritic ore will increase, which cause Ni and a small quantity of Fe to be deoxidized and forms Ni-Fe alloy.

Current paper on information system management indicates that the most of information systems either are considered a failure or challenged. These projects are characterized by overspend, exceeding time, and failing to meet customer hope. The fact that most projects fail emphasizes the need for research regarding the feasibility that leads to information system with good performance or failure. This paper presents a method for information system with good performance. Based on deep analysis of current paper on software with good performance feasibility, an method is formalizing. The new framework shows feasibility that have to be carefully considered in order to get information system with good performance. The feasibility included in the framework is divided into four categories: management feasibility, technical feasibility, staff feasibility, and social feasibility. The framework is new because it includes many factors that are not founding together in any of the previous similar architectures.

A new complex crystal [Co2(Hdmg)2(dien)2](ClO4)24.5(H2O) (H2dmg= dimethylglyoxime, dien = diethylenetriamine) had been synthesised in aqueous solution and was characterized by X-ray diffraction and IR spectrum. The complex crystallizes in monoclinic space groupC2/cwith cell constants =20.868(7)Å, =11.408(4)Å, =15.816(4)Å, =90.00°, =116.97(2)°, =90.00°, =3355.8(17)Å3, =4, (000)=1732. The cobalt atom lies in a distorted octahedron environment and coordinates with one oxygen atom from neighbour Hdmg and five nitrogen atoms from bidentate chelate Hdmg and tridentate chelate dien. The two Hdmgs bridge two cobalt atoms to form a six-number Co2O2N2ring.

Error detection is relatively a new field of Software level control. A Software Developer always aims to produce good level software with a few errors. Good level of software is correlated with the number of errors as well as it is limited by time. So, error detection is very important in the field of Software level and software stability. This paper gives you a explaining about software error detection. It describes the key areas of software error detection practice, and emphasizes some key open problems for the future.

This design process of Environmental Knowledge should include a system analysis phase that somewhat differs from the traditional one. Also, the identification of these requirements for adjustment requires a good knowledge of the Knowledge in which the system will be executed. At one side, we argue that what is missing now is a structured and robust design process for SA. However, the design time decisions need to be done in the situation of incomplete and uncertain knowledge about environmental Knowledge. This way, we need to understand to what extent the requirements are being satisfied and this can support adjustment strategies at run-time. Therefore, at the other side, we argue that requirements for adaptive systems should be supported not only at design-time but also at run-time. The ability of an adaptive system to be a requirement-aware system inspired by [, in which the authors argue that requirements for self-regulation systems should be run-time entities that could be reasoned over at run-time.

Objective The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of Pin1 on the telomerase activity in human colorectal carcinoma HCT116 cells.

Previous studies demonstrated that herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSVtk) could phosphorylate non‑toxic gancyclovir (GCV) efficiently to produce phosphorylated products that result in cell apoptosis, to kill tumor cells. The present study aimed to construct a plasmid vector, pcDNA3.1‑pAFP‑TK, carrying the suicide gene driven by the alpha‑fetoprotein (AFP) promoter, to investigate the cytotoxicity of HSVtk/GCV suicide gene system on hepatoma carcinoma cells. Reverse transcription‑polymerase chain reaction and western blotting results demonstrated that the HSVtk gene was effectively expressed in HepG2 hepatoma carcinoma cells transfected with pcDNA3.1‑pAFP‑TK plasmid, whereas HSVtk gene expression was not detected in normal HL‑7702 liver cells. In addition, MTT assays indicated that cell viability of HepG2 cells with the plasmid pcDNA3.1‑pAFP‑TK decreased in a dose‑dependent manner following treatment with GCV for 48 h. Flow cytometry also revealed that the cell apoptosis rate and mitochondrial membrane potential reduction rate in the HepG2 cells treated with HSVtk/GCV suicide gene system were significantly higher than in the control group. Apoptosis rates in the control group and the pcDNA3.1‑pAFP‑TK group were (1.00±0.62%) and (38.70±6.03%), respectively. Mitochondrial membrane potential reduction rates in the control group and the pcDNA3.1-pAFP-TK group were (0.57±0.11%) and (22.84±5.79%), respectively. Caspase‑3 staining demonstrated that activated caspase‑3 increased significantly in the HepG2 cells treated with HSVtk/GCV suicide gene system, whereas in the control group activated caspase‑3 increase was not observed. The results of the present study, therefore, indicated that HSVtk suicide gene was obviously expressed in the HepG2 cells and that the HSVtk/GCV system was effective at killing HepG2 hepatoma carcinoma cells.

The pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) involves a key event which changes the morphology of amyloid-β 42 (Aβ 42 ) peptide from its soluble monomeric form into the fibrillated aggregates in the brain. Aluminum ion, Al(III), is known to act as a pathological chaperone of the Aβ 42 in this process; curcumin, a natural phenolic compound, is considered capable of binding Al(III) and Aβ 42 ; nevertheless, little is known about the combined action of curcumin and Al(III) on the Aβ 42 fibrillation and neurotoxicity. Here, combinations of circular dichroism spectroscopy, thioflavin T fluorescence, atomic force microscopy, Bradford and MTT assays, it is demonstrated that although Al(III) can promote the Aβ 42 fibrillation dose-dependently, leading to the high neurotoxicity to PC12 cells, curcumin can inhibit the events. Besides, we found that curcumin is able not only to inhibit the formation of Al(III)-induced Aβ 42 fibrillation, but also to form the Al(III)–curcumin complexes which in turn can remold the preformed, mature, ordered Aβ 42 fibrils into the low toxic amorphous aggregates. These findings suggest that curcumin could block the binding of Al(III) with Aβ 42 and form the Al(III)–curcumin complexes, so as to inhibit the Al(III)-induced Aβ 42 fibrillation and neurotoxicity. The Al(III)–curcumin complexes are worth potentially developing as a therapy agent against the neurodegenerative disorders in the future.

Objective The aim of our study was to investigate the effects of Pin1 reduction on SW620 cell proliferation and apoptosis in human colorectal carcinoma.

OBJECTIVE To observe anti-tumor effects of PVAX-PSMA gene vaccine. METHODS The PSMA gene was inserted into a mammalian expression vector, PVAX-1, to construct the DNA vaccine candidate, and was then used to vaccinate C57BL/6 mice. Animals vaccinated with PVAX-1 and NaCl were used as controls. Anti-PSMA antibody was detected in sera of the animals. The proliferation and cytotoxicity of the spleen cells were observed. The immunized mice were inoculated with RM-1 cells. The mice were inoculated with RM-1 cells, and then the mice were immunized. The anti-tumor efficacy of the gene vaccine was evaluated by the ratio of tumor formation, tumor volume, tumor mass before and a er gene vaccination and evaluated by survival rate of the immunized mice.RESULTS High level of anti-PSMA antibody was induced in the PVAX-PSMA group. The splenocytes from PVAX-PSMA group were stimulated to produce strong proliferation responses and significant cytotoxic T-cells (CTL) activity. After the mice were immunized with PVAX-PSMA gene, tumor occurrence was decreased, and the growth velocity of tumor was markedly reduced, resulting in prolonged tumor-free time (P < 0.05).CONCLUSION PVAX-PSMA gene vaccine has significant anti- tumor effects and provides an experimental basis for primary prevention and immunotherapy of prostate cancer.

A novel wood-based composite, Wood-PSt Composite, combining both advantages of wood and polymer was fabricated by impregnating styrene monomer into wood pores, followed by in-situ polymerization through a catalyst-thermal treatment inspired from the special porous structure. The manufacturing craft involving the impregnating craft and the polymerizing craft was studied and its structure was also observed by SEM. The analysis results indicated that the optimum impregnating condition was pressure: 0.5MPa, and time: 20min; and the monomer loading linearly correlated with pressure described as Y=201X+8.9, and linearly correlated with time described as Y=3.4X+31.4, respectively. The optimum polymerization craft was temperature: 80°C, time: 8h and AIBN: 3%. SEM observation showed that polystyrene generated in situ wood cellular structure and filled up wood pores under the optimum impregnating and polymerizing crafts, which was in accordance with the optimum manufacturing craft.

OBJECTIVE To examine the effect of Pin1 on the expression and bioactivity of MMP-9 through NF-κB in human colorectal carcinoma SW480 cells. METHODS The eukaryotic expression vector of RNA interfering (shRNA) with the Pin1 gene (pGenesil-1-PIN1) was constructed in our previous experiments and was confirmed through sequencing. Cell motility was tested through the wound healing assay and the Boyden chamber assay. The protein levels and bioactivity of MMP-9 were tested by Western blot ing and gelatin zymography in SW480 cells after transfection with pGenesil-1-PIN1 (SW480/p-shRNA). The DNA-binding activity of NF-κB in cells transfected with pGenesil-1-PIN1 was analyzed by the electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). In addition, to determine whether NF-κB has direct interaction with the MMP-9 promoter derived from the genomic DNA of SW480 cells transfected with pGenesil-1-PIN1, oligonucleotides containing a putative NF-κB binding site were synthesized and EMSAs were performed. RESULTS The results of the Boyden chamber assay showed that cell motility was reduced from 90.2 ± 6.5 per fi eld (× 10 objective) to 49.6 ± 7.2 per field ( P < 0.05, Student’s t-test) for SW480 cells transfected with pGenesil-1-PIN1 (SW480/p-shRNA). Western blotting detected low protein levels of Pin1 and MMP-9 in SW480/p-shRNA cells. The relative protein levels of Pin1 were 0.49 ± 0.07 in SW480/p-shRNA compared with 0.94 ± 0.09 in SW480/p-Con, and MMP-9 were 0.45 ± 0.07 in SW480/p-shRNA, 0.83 ± 0.07 in SW480/p-Con ( P < 0.05). The results of gelatin zymography showed that silencing Pin1 markedly reduced the bioactivity of MMP-9 in SW480 cells. EMSA results revealed low DNA-binding activity of NF-κB in SW480/p-shRNA cells compared to SW480/p-Con cells, and that NF-κB bound directly to the oligonucleotides which contained putative NF-κB binding sites in the MMP-9 promoter derived from the genomic DNA of SW480/p-shRNA cells. CONCLUSION Inhibited Pin1 expression may contribute to the suppressive effect on the expression and bioactivity of MMP-9 in colon cancer SW480 cells, possibly through the transcription factor NF-κB.

The plagiarism detection service CrossCheck has been used since October 2008 as part of the paper reviewing process for the Journal of Zhejiang University – Science (A & B). Between October 2008 and May 2009 662 papers were CrossChecked; 151 of these (around 22.8% of submitted papers) were found to contain apparently unreasonable levels of copying or self-plagiarism, and 25.8% of these cases (39 papers) gave rise to serious suspicions of plagiarism and copyright infringement. Four types of copying or plagiarism were identified, in an attempt to reach a consensus on this type of academic misconduct.

Approximation to the function |x| plays an important role in approximation theory. This paper studies the approximation to the function xαsgn x, which equals |x| if α = 1. We construct a Newman Type Operator rn(x) and prove $$ \mathop {\max }\limits_{\left| x \right| \leqslant 1} \left| {x^\alpha sgn x - r_n } \right| \sim Cn^{\tfrac{1} {4}} e^{ - \tfrac{\pi } {2}} \sqrt {\alpha n} $$ .

Based on the current news via Thomson Reuters “700 new regional journals in the world have been added to Web of Science since 2007”, we conducted an investigation to find out that 38 (5.4%) Chinese journals (including Hong Kong region) are included. The results also show that up to now a total of about 147 Chinese journals (113 from China Mainland, 8 from Hong Kong and 26 from Taiwan) have been included by SCI and SSCI & AHCI.

The aim of this study was to investigate the potential effects of the 5, 10, 15, 20-tetrakis (1-methylpyridinium-4-yl) porphyrin (TMPyP4) on the proliferation and apoptosis of SW480 cells and the underlying mechanisms by which TMPyP4 exerted its actions.After treated with different doses of TMPyP4, cell viability was determined by MTT method, the apoptosis was observed by flow cytometry (FCM) and the expression of Wnt, GSK-3β, β-catenin and cyclinD1 was measured by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis.The analysis revealed that TMPyP4 potently suppressed cell viability and induced the apoptosis of SW480 cells in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, the downregulation of Wnt, β-catenin and cyclinD1 expression levels was detected in TMPyP4-treated SW480 cells. However, followed by the block of Wnt signaling pathway using siRNA methods, the effects of TMPyP4 on proliferation and apoptosis of SW480 cells were significantly reduced.It indicates that the TMPyP4-inhibited proliferation and -induced apoptosis in SW480 cells was accompanied by the suppression of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Therefore, TMPyP4 may represent a potential therapeutic method for the treatment of colon carcinoma.

Background Dexmedetomidine-induced bradycardia or hypotension has recently attracted considerable attention because of potentially grave consequences, including sinus arrest and refractory cardiogenic shock. A route other than intravenous injection or a low dose may help minimize cardiovascular risks associated with dexmedetomidine. However, few studies have addressed the clinical effects of low-dose intramuscular dexmedetomidine as premedication. Material/Methods Forty American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I adult patients undergoing suspension laryngoscopic surgery were randomized to receive intramuscular dexmedetomidine (1 μg·kg−1) or midazolam (0.02 mg·kg−1) 30 minutes prior to anaesthesia induction. The sedative, hemodynamic, and adjuvant anaesthetic effects of both premedications were assessed. Results The levels of sedation (Observer’s Assessment of Alertness/Sedation scales) and anxiety (visual analog score) at pre-induction, and the times to eye-opening and extubation, were not different between the groups. The heart rate response following tracheal intubation and extubation, and mean arterial pressure responses after extubation, were attenuated in the dexmedetomidine group compared to the midazolam group. No bradycardia or hypotension was noted in any patients. Propofol target concentrations at intubation and at start and completion of surgery were decreased in the dexmedetomidine group, whereas no difference in respective remifentanil levels was detected. Conclusions This study provides further evidence that dexmedetomidine premedication in low dose (1 μg·kg−1) by intramuscular route can induce preoperative sedation and adjuvant anaesthetic effects without clinically significant bradycardia or hypotension.

Human Period1 (hPer1) has been proved to be able to translocate into cells in a protein transduction manner. The segment of amino acids 830–845 of hPer1 is its protein transduction domain (PTD). In order to explore the membrane penetrating mechanism of hPer1-PTD and the physico-chemical properties necessary in the process, Ala scanning mutation method was used to investigate the variation in the peptide internalization. To further investigate the related physico-chemical requirements, the three dimensional structures of hPer1-PTD and its mutant analogs were simulated by Rosetta method. The electrostatic potentials and energies of these structures were calculated using the Delphi algorithm to solve Poisson–Boltzman equation. The hydrophobicity was assessed by the percentage of the nonpolar area in SAS (solvent accessible surface (SAS)). It has been proved that the Arg836 was the key residue for peptide internalization. When this Arg mutated into Ala, the peptide could not cross the membrane. The large enough area with positive charge was the decisive factor for hPer1-PTD. The alpha-helical structure seemed to play an assistant role so as to enable the positive charge connected in spatial arrangement.

The pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) involves a key event which changes the morphology of amyloid-β 42 (Aβ)₄₂ peptide from its soluble monomeric form into the fibrillated aggregates in the brain. Aluminum ion, Al(III), is known to act as a pathological chaperone of the Aβ₄₂ in this process; curcumin, a natural phenolic compound, is considered capable of binding Al(III) and Aβ₄₂; nevertheless, little is known about the combined action of curcumin and Al(III) on the Aβ₄₂ fibrillation and neurotoxicity. Here, combinations of circular dichroism spectroscopy, thioflavin T fluorescence, atomic force microscopy, Bradford and MTT assays, it is demonstrated that although Al(III) can promote the Aβ₄₂ fibrillation dose-dependently, leading to the high neurotoxicity to PC12 cells, curcumin can inhibit the events. Besides, we found that curcumin is able not only to inhibit the formation of Al(III)-induced Aβ₄₂ fibrillation, but also to form the Al(III)-curcumin complexes which in turn can remold the preformed, mature, ordered Aβ₄₂ fibrils into the low toxic amorphous aggregates. These findings suggest that curcumin could block the binding of Al(III) with Aβ₄₂ and form the Al(III)-curcumin complexes, so as to inhibit the Al(III)-induced Aβ₄₂ fibrillation and neurotoxicity. The Al(III)-curcumin complexes are worth potentially developing as a therapy agent against the neurodegenerative disorders in the future.

To study the effects of genistein on proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts in neonatal rat calvaria cultures.Osteoblasts were isolated from neonatal rat calvaria through trypsin and collagenase digestion, and cultured in the presence of different doses of genistein (10(-5) mol/L, 10(-6) mol/L and 10(-7) mol/L). The proliferation and DNA and collagen synthesis of osteoblasts were assayed by MTT method and 3H-TdR and 3H-proline incorporation. The activity of ALP were measured by ALP assay kit.Genistein significantly increased osteoblast 3H-TdR and 3H-proline incorporation and MTT, 10(-6) mol/L genistein increased ALP activity.Genistein increased osteoblast DNA and collagen synthesis in neonatal rat calvaria cultures, and promoted osteoblast proliferation and differentiation.

This content provides an overarching introduction to the field of information grid (IG). It examines the emerging context and rationale for IG, the implications and benefits of IG for compositions, and the current understanding of the IG concept itself. The aim is to provide a broad theoretical basis for exploring the role of technology in IG and to set the scene for the remaining contents of the paper.

In this paper, we considered the two security services of authorization and data security in wireless Grid. The security issues is related to authorization and security, specific to Grid, the characteristics of these services have been outlined. The proposed security solutions for the two services of authorization and security have been categorized into three categories, depending upon the underlying security techniques. The proposed solutions within each classifying are discussed in detail. and then, We will analyze different privacy mechanisms proposed for Grid. For each solution we will address the approach, security issues addressed by the solution, strength of solution, overheads caused and the weaknesses.

To investigate the effects of genistein on bone mineralization in ovariectomized rats.Forty-seven Wistar rats were randomly allocated into six groups: sham-operated (sham), ovariectomized (ovx), ovariectomized supplied with diethyl stilbestrol (E, 20 microg x kg bw(-1) x d(-1)) or genistein (25, 50, 100 mg x kg bw(-1) x d(-1)). After the rats had been fed for three months, analysis of the bone mineral density, parameters related to mineralization, bone content of Ca, P, Mg, Mn and Zn and serum concentration of parathyroid calcitonin and estrogen was performed.Bone mineral density, bone Ca, P, Zn and Mg content and serum estrogen concentration in ovariectomized rats were significantly decreased, but mean osteoid width increased, mineralization lag time and osteoid maturation period prolonged compared with sham animals. After three months supplementation to ovariectomized rats, bone Ca, P and Mg content increased, mean osteoid width decreased, mineralization lag time and osteoid maturation period shortened compared with ovariectomized animals.Genistein promotes bone mineralization by increasing bone Ca, P, Mg and adjusting serum calcitonin to prevent osteoporosis.

To observe the effects of morphine and pethidine on P-glycoprotein (P-gp) expression in mouse brain microvascular endothelial cells and investigate the role of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) signaling pathway in morphine-induced up-expression of P-gp.The mouse brain microvascular endothelial cell line (b.END3) was subjected to pre-incubation with NF-kappaB inhibitor PDTC (5 micromol/L) for 1 h followed by stimulation with morphine (1 microg/ml) or pethidine (1 microg/ml) for 24 h. The bEnd.3 cells were then collected for Western blotting for P-gp expression.A 24-h morphine stimulation induced an up-expression of P-gp in bEnd.3 cells by almost 200%. Pethidine in similar conditions did not affect P-gp expression in the cells. PDTC, the specific inhibitor of NF-kappaB, inhibited morphine-induced up-expression of P-gp in the cells.Morphine can induce up-expression of endogenous P-gp in mouse brain microvascular endothelial cells. NF-kappaB signaling pathway is involved in the morphine-induced up-expression of P-gp.