Search

Objective: Obesity continues to be a major problem, despite known treatment strategies such as lifestyle modifications, pharmaceuticals, and surgical options, necessitating the development of novel weight loss approaches. The naturally occurring fatty acid, 10,12 conjugated linoleic acid (10,12 CLA), promotes weight loss by increasing fat oxidation and browning of white adipose tissue, leading to increased energy expenditure in obese mice. Coincident with weight loss, 10,12 CLA also alters the murine gut microbiota by enriching for microbes that produce short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), with concurrent elevations in fecal butyrate and plasma acetate. Methods: To determine if the observed microbiota changes are required for 10,12 CLA-mediated weight loss, adult male mice with diet-induced obesity were given broad-spectrum antibiotics (ABX) to perturb the microbiota prior to and during 10,12 CLA-mediated weight loss. Conversely, to determine whether gut microbes were sufficient to induce weight loss, conventionally-raised and germ-free mice were transplanted with cecal contents from mice that had undergone weight loss by 10,12 CLA supplementation. Results: While body weight was minimally modulated by ABX-mediated perturbation of gut bacterial populations, adult male mice given ABX were more resistant to the increased energy expenditure and fat loss that are induced by 10,12 CLA supplementation. Transplanting cecal contents from donor mice losing weight due to oral 10,12 CLA consumption into conventional or germ-free mice led to improved glucose metabolism with increased butyrate production. Conclusions: These data suggest a critical role for the microbiota in diet-modulated changes in energy balance and glucose metabolism, and distinguish the metabolic effects of orally delivered 10,12 CLA from cecal transplantation of the resulting microbiota.

Jing Wang,1,2,* Yi Duan,2,* Liangrong Geng,2 Xiaoyu Li,3 Shujin Yue,2 Hongxia Liu2 1Department of Nursing, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 2School of Nursing, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 3Center for Treatment of Undiagnosed Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Shujin Yue, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 North 3rd Ring East Road, Chao-Yang District, Beijing, 100029, People’s Republic of China, Email yueliang874@126.comPurpose: To (1) investigate the changes in 5 domains (lack of family support, impact on finance, impact on daily schedule, impact on health, and self-esteem) of family caregiver (FC) burden and overall burden for first diagnosed colorectal cancer; (2) exploring changes in FC burden for colorectal cancer patients over time and analyze the trajectory and sub-trajectories of FC burden; and (3) identify the FC‐related and patient‐related factors most associated with the overall FC burden and each of its sub-trajectories.Patients and methods: This study is a descriptive longitudinal study. A convenience sampling method was used to recruit patients with colorectal cancer and their primary FCs from seven hospitals.Results: A total of 185 pairs of first diagnosed colorectal cancer patient and their FC were investigated for 4 times. The results reveal the overall burden and 5 domains of burden showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing, and the burden was the heaviest at the time in the middle of chemotherapy. In the course of time, the aspect that caused the greatest amount of burden on average transitioned from the “effect on daily schedule” (range= 3.3 and 3.9) to the “effect on finances” (range= 3.1 to 3.4).Conclusion: Almost 88% of FCs have a either a moderate or a high level of burden. The quality of life of patients and the self-efficacy, social support and care ability of FCs have a great impact on the overall FC burden and each sub-trajectory.Keywords: care burden, colorectal cancer, family caregiver, longitudinal study, trajectories

Xiaomin Ren,1 Dingqun Bai,2 Yuan Zhang,3 Haidan Lin,2 Shu Zhang,2 Danyang Li,1 Hui Wei,1 Shouwei Yue1 1Rehabilitation Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China; 3Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Shouwei Yue; Hui Wei, Rehabilitation Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, People’s Republic of China, Tel +18560086655 ; +18560083563, Fax +531 82166115, Email shouweiy@sdu.edu.cn; 83926275@qq.comBackground and Purpose: Epidemiological studies on low back pain in residents living in mountainous areas are scarce. The study was aimed at investigating the prevalence and associated factors of low back pain in Chongqing, relatively impoverished mountainous areas of China.Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at selected community or village health service centers in Chongqing over a 2-month period (May 2021 to June 2021), which included adults of Chongqing aged > 18 years with or without low back pain (N=1820) chosen by stratified, cluster-sampling. Associated factors of low back pain including sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle, and occupational features were collected, along with medical history, Oswestry Disability Questionnaire (ODI), and Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) of patients with low back pain, and carried out for at least 20 minutes per respondent. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were utilized for statistical analysis.Results: Overall, 30.5% of 1704 respondents presented with low back pain, with 26.3% living in flat areas and 35.6% in mountainous areas. The associated factors of low back pain were mountainous area residence (OR 1.4, 95% CI 1.1– 1.8), advanced age (OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.3– 2.5 for those aged 45– 59 years, OR 2.3, 95% CI 1.6– 3.4 for those aged 60– 74 years, and OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.2– 3.6 for those aged ≥ 75 years), married or remarried (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.1– 3.2), divorced or widowed (OR 2.7, 95% CI 14– 5.4), moderate labor intensity (OR 1.4, 95% CI 1.1– 1.8), frequent stoop (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.1– 2.4), and depressed mood (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.2– 2.1). Residents in the mountainous areas had a higher score on Oswestry Disability Questionnaire (8.3 [SD 6.3] vs 6.2 [SD 4.3]) than those in flat areas.Conclusion: Mountainous areas in Chongqing had higher prevalence of low back pain as 35.6%, compared with 26.3% in flat areas, with more severe dysfunction in low back pain patients. Multifactorial analysis found that the factors associated with low back pain in Chongqing residents included mountain residence, labor intensity, stoop, psychological factors and frequency of exercise.Keywords: low back pain, prevalence, associated factors, China

Yufeng Wang,1,2,* Xueying Huang,1,* Suru Yue,1 Jie Liu,1 Shasha Li,1 Huan Ma,1 Liren Hu,1 Jiayuan Wu1,2 1Clinical Research Service Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524001, People’s Republic of China; 2Collaborative Innovation Engineering Technology Research Center of Clinical Medical Big Data Cloud Service in Medical Consortium of West Guangdong Province, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524001, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Jiayuan Wu Email wujiay@gdmu.edu.cnBackground: Migraine is a common disorder of the nervous system in China, imposing heavy burdens on individual and societies. Optimal healthcare planning requires understanding the magnitude and changing the trend of migraine incidence in China. However, the secular trend of migraine incidence in China remains unclear.Methods: Data were collected from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 in China from 1990 to 2019 to investigate changes in the incidence rate of migraine. The average annual percent change and the relative risk were calculated using the joinpoint regression model and the age–period–cohort model, respectively.Results: From 1990 to 2019, the age-standardized incidence rates of migraine in China increased by 0.26% (95% CI: 0.22 to 0.31) and 0.23% (95% CI: 0.19 to 0.28) per year in males and females, respectively. Age effects exerted the most significant impact on migraine incidence. Period effects showed a slightly decreasing trend in the incidence of migraine. In terms of cohort effects, people born after the 1960s presented a higher risk of migraine as compared with the total cohort, with the incidence risk of migraine increasing with birth cohorts.Conclusion: Migraine incidence shows an overall increasing trend in China, with a significant gender difference. A comprehensive understanding of the risk characteristics and disease pattern of migraine could allow the early detection of persons with a high risk of developing migraine and promote the development of timely intervention measures to relieve this burden effectively.Keywords: migraine, incidence, secular trend, joinpoint regression analysis, age–period–cohort model

Shuwen Yue,1,* Ning Xue,2,* Honglei Li,3 Zhen Chen,1 Baosheng Huang,4 Xing Wang1 1Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Acupuncture, Jurong Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Pharmacy, Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Neurosurgery, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Xing WangChina Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211199, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail star10000@sina.comBaosheng HuangSir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 101, Longmiandadao, Jiangning District, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail labskcpu@sina.comAim: Renal injury induced by diabetes is reported to be associated with inflammation. Isomangiferin (ISO), a xanthone C-glucoside from the Cyclopia subfamily, exhibits many pharmacological properties. This study aimed to evaluate the protection of ISO against renal damage in diabetic mice.Methods: Serum glucose, insulin, uric acid, creatinine, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and inflammatory cytokines in serum and the kidney of db/db diabetes model mice were detected. The components of high mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1)/NACHT leucine-rich repeat- and PYD-containing 3 (NLRP3)/nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) pathway in the kidney were detected by Western blot and immunohistochemical analysis.Results: ISO improved lipid profile and glucose tolerance, and inhibited the production of inflammatory cytokines in a db/db model mice. Moreover, ISO decreased biochemical indexes in the serum and inhibited the activation of HMGB1/NLRP3/NF-κB signaling in the kidney of db/db model mice.Conclusion: ISO provides protection against renal injury via inhibiting HMGB1/NLRP3/NF-κB signaling in a diabetic mouse model.Keywords: isomangiferin, renal injury, inflammation, HMGB1/NLRP3/NF-κB, diabetics

Suebsarn Ruksakulpiwat,1,2 Zhaojun Liu,1 Shihong Yue,1 Yuying Fan1,2 1The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People’s Republic of China; 2College of Nursing, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Yuying FanThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People’s Republic of China; College of Nursing, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Nangang Distinct, Harbin 150086, Heilongjiang Province, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 13603630368Email fanfanfensituan@126.comPurpose: To examine the association and the mediating effect among medication beliefs, perception of illness, and medication adherence in ischemic stroke patients.Patients and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study, 306 ischemic stroke patients recruited from The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, China between June 2018 and October 2018. The Beliefs about Medications Questionnaire (BMQ) was used to assess a patient’s beliefs about medication. The Brief Illness Perceptions Questionnaire (BIPQ) was used to rapidly determine the cognitive and emotional representation of ischemic stroke. Self-reported adherence was assessed using the Medication Adherence Report Scale (MARS). Logistic regression analysis, Pearson correlations, and mediation analysis were used to evaluate the association and mediating effects among medication beliefs, perception of illness, and medication adherence.Results: Overall, 220 (65.48%) participants were non-adherent to their ischemic stroke medications. Non-adherent patients had greater stroke severity (p = 0.031) compared to adherent patients. After adjusting for demographic characteristics, specific concern (odds ratio [OR]: 0.652, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.431 to 0.987, p-value [P] = 0.043), and the perception of illness (overall score) (OR: 0.964, 95% CI: 0.944 to 0.985, P = 0.001) were significantly associated with medication adherence in ischemic stroke patients. The mediation analysis showed the significant indirect effects of specific concern, general overuse, and general harm. It suggested that some impacts of medication beliefs have been mediated on medication adherence.Conclusion: Perceived concern about adverse effects of medicines and perception of illness have an influential impact on self-reported medication adherence in ischemic stroke patients. To enhance adherence, patients’ beliefs about medication and perceptions of their disease should be reconsidered. Future work should investigate interventions to influence patient adherence by addressing concerns about their ischemic stroke medications and the perception of the disease.Keywords: ischemic stroke patients, medication beliefs, perception of illness, medication adherence

Jingyang Wu,1 Yifan Zhong,1 Song Yue,1 Peng Guan,2 Guisen Zhang,3 Lei Liu,1 Lei Chen11Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Ophthalmology, Hohhot Chao Ju Eye Hospital, Hohhot 010000, People’s Republic of ChinaPurpose: Abnormal levels of lipid accumulation product (LAP) have been associated with risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes. However, it is not clear whether LAP index is associated with diabetic retinopathy (DR). We investigated the association between LAP index and DR in Chinese adults with diabetes.Patients and methods: We included 427 Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes aged 18-year over who participated in a community-based cross-sectional study in Shenyang. DR was addressed on retinal photographs graded using the modified Airlie House classification. LAP was defined as (waist circumference [cm]–65) × (triglycerides [mmol/L]) in men, and (waist circumference [cm]–58) × (triglycerides [mmol/L]) in women and analyzed continuously (per SD change) and categorically (quartile 1, 50).Results: Prevalence of DR among the study population was 17.8%. The mean level of LAP was 52.96±44.01. Compared to quartile 1 level, both quartile 2 and 3 levels were associated with DR with multivariable odds ratio (95% CI) of 0.23 (0.12–0.46) and 0.27 (0.14–0.54), respectively. These associations persisted when LAP was analyzed continuously (0.57 [0.35–0.92]).Conclusion: Higher central lipid accumulation in Chinese diabetics is related to the lower risk of DR, suggesting that LAP may be useful for identifying type 2 diabetes mellitus patients who are at risk for DR.Keywords: diabetic retinopathy, lipid accumulation product, diabetes

The urban three-dimensional (3-D) model, which can truly and vividly express the 3-D spatial information of ground objects, was an essential link in the process of smart city construction. The backpack 3-D laser scanning systems had gradually become an important technical means to build urban 3-D models because of their high efficiency and high fineness. In this paper, the error source of backpack point cloud data was analysed based on the composition of backpack 3-D laser scanning system. The distribution of point cloud error was statistically analysed by designing experiments. It was found that there was a systematic error in the backpack 3-D laser scanning point cloud. There were many factors influencing the system errors and they were superimposed on each other. In order to solve this problem, an error compensation model with additional system parameters based on a multiple linear regression algorithm was constructed. The results showed that this model can weaken the influence of system errors on the backpack point cloud, effectively improve the accuracy of the backpack point cloud, and provide reliable point cloud data for subsequent processing of the building point cloud. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although pretransplant diabetes is a risk factor for mortality post-liver transplant, the underlying mechanism has not been fully defined. In a murine liver partial warm ischemia model, we addressed the question of how diabetes/hyperglycemia impacted tissue inflammatory injuries against ischemia reperfusion (IR), focusing on the advanced glycation endproduct (AGE) and its receptor (RAGE) pathway. Our results showed that hepatocellular injury was exacerbated in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice against IR, in association with hyper-inflammatory immune activation in livers. Serum levels of AGEs, but not HMGB1, were increased in diabetic mice in response to liver IR. Both RAGE antagonist peptides and small interfering RNA alleviated liver injuries and inhibited inflammatory immune activation against IR in diabetic, but not normal, mice. Kupffer cells (KCs)/macrophages, but not hepatocytes, from diabetic mice expressed significantly higher levels of RAGE, leading to their hyper-inflammatory responsiveness to both TLR ligands and AGEs. In vitro, hyperglycemia increased macrophage RAGE expression and enhanced their TLR responses. Our results demonstrated that activation of the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in KCs was responsible for hyper-inflammatory immune responses and exacerbated hepatocellular injuries in diabetic/hyperglycemic hosts against liver IR.

Although the roles of the metabolic stress in organ ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) have been well recognized, the question of whether and how these stress responses regulate innate immune activation against IR remains unclear. In a murine liver partial warm ischemia mode, we showed that prolonged ischemia triggered endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response, particularly, the activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) branch, in liver Kupffer cells (KCs) and altered their responsiveness against Toll-like receptor (TLR) stimulation. Ischemia-primed cells increased pro-, but decreased anti-, inflammatory cytokine productions. Alleviation of ER stress in vivo by small chemical chaperon 4-phenylbutyrate or ATF6 small interfering RNA (siRNA) diminished the pro-inflammatory priming effect of ischemia in KCs, leading to the inhibition of liver immune response against IR and protection of livers from IRI. In vitro, ATF6 siRNA abrogated the ER stress-mediated pro-inflammatory enhancement of macrophage TLR4 response, by restricting NF-κB and restoring Akt activations. Thus, ischemia primes liver innate immune cells by ATF6-mediated ER stress response. The IR-induced metabolic stress and TLR activation function in synergy to activate tissue inflammatory immune response.