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The relevance of this study is due to the challenges of the global pandemic, which has led to the large-scale development of education digitalization. In this regard, this article is devoted to revealing the features of remote learning in the context of a global pandemic, identifying the risks and benefits of digital learning. The article reveals the discursive content of the counter-pandemic vector of distance learning for University students; defines the classification of risks and advantages of large-scale digitalization of students' remote learning. Based on the results of the study, the authors justified the consolidated model of students distance learning, the counter-pandemic vector of which is a large-scale digitalization of the University educational process. The effectiveness of the model is proved by the results of its use in the process of large-scale digitalization of students' remote learning in the context of a global pandemic. The materials of the article have practical application and can be useful in the development and implementation of digital educational complexes. They are recommended to teachers and students of the University, methodologists, curators, Tutors.

The work explores methods and develops aids to improve a pilot flight training level using Full Flight Simulators. It examines their didactic advantages over real helicopters by implementing on-board intelligent decision support systems (IDSS). These simulation programs monitor actions of learner, find the best ways to correct errors and generate appropriate instructions. The training is carried out by reference point methods while the helicopter flight dynamics model simulates a flight and helps an instructor in parallel. Sufficiently simple and accurate model of helicopter flight dynamics was selected and tested to assess the proposed methods and aids. Our analysis introduces a functional structure of IDSS as an adaptive control system with a reference model. We further conducted a study on developing models, methods and means of automatic analysis, forecasting, optimization and correction of actions. Combining single-criteria conditional and vector optimization methods, we found out optimal flight parameters. The research findings revealed that the chosen optimization method requires too many system resources for the optimal solution to be found in a short time. The study thereby comes up with applying ANNs to solve this problem.

The study is focused on evaluating the effectiveness of integrating virtual reality (VR) with the principles of chemistry education (CE) in order to improve students' understanding of chemistry. A mixed method approach, including literature review, empirical research, and analysis of VR sessions, was used to identify the impact of VR on students' conceptual understanding and motivation. The results confirmed that VR integration significantly increases conceptual understanding and student engagement. VR provides interactive and practice-oriented learning, breaking the abstraction of chemical concepts. The approach also highlights the need to rethink traditional pedagogical methods in favor of active, contextualized learning. Emerging issues, including equity of access and job training, require attention to successfully integrate VR into education.

In soil, plant residues have low contrast making them difficult to detect using X‐ray computed tomography. In this work, we tested a convolutional neural network (U‐Net) for its ability to improve the identification of crop residues in soil samples assembled from aggregates of different size fractions (small, large, water‐stable aggregates, and average aggregate composition). Soil CT images were obtained using a 244 μm resolution. About 2500 soil images were annotated to train the neural network, of which only 631 images were selected for the training data set. Intersection over Union (IOU) was used as a measure of success of segmentation by neural network, which takes values from 0 to 1. In the validation data set, IOU of background was 0.93, IOU of solid phase was 0.95, IOU of pore space was 0.77, and IOU of plant residues was 0.40. However, IOU of plant residues in the total data set increased to 0.7. Soil structure influences the quality of multiphase segmentation of soil CT images. The poorest segmentation of plant residues was in the soil samples composed of average aggregate size composition. The quality of pore space segmentation increased with increasing porosity of the soil sample. The model tends to generalize the large areas occupied by plant residues and overlooks the smaller ones. The low values of the IOU metric for plant residues in the training data set can also be related to insufficient quality of annotation of the original images. Core Ideas: U‐Net convolutional neural network segments plant residues in soil.The ability to segment soil into solids, pores, and plant residues by neural networks depends on the soil structure type.In the validation data set, the quality of background segmentation by the Intersection over Union (IOU) measure was 0.93, IOU of the solid phase was 0.95, and IOU of the pore space was 0.77.The quality of segmentation for plant residues by the IOU measure was 0.4 and 0.7 in the validation and total data set, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social activity at all levels of social and professional life in a certain way affects the preservation of stability and further development of society. The article analyzes the features of students' social activity in the digital age. As a research method, the questionnaire method was used, which allows to effectively identify the features of the ideas of students and university teachers about social activity in the conditions of digital transformation. The article describes the peculiarity of the modern stage of development of students' social activity practices; socio-cultural determinants and the constructive basis of students' social activity are determined; the ideas of students and teachers about the peculiarities of social activity of modern youth are revealed. For the first time, the authors analyzed the implementation of social activity in the context of digital transformations. It is proved that students have a decrease in the desire to participate in the practices of social activity. The reasons for the decrease in the social activity among students are revealed: the proposed and performed activities are monotonous and uninteresting; the results of the student's work are not visible; students do not experience much-needed support and approval from people and social groups and communities that are important to them; the contradiction between the expectations and proposed activity; the performed activity does not entail a real solution to a social problem; as a rule, there are no prospects for personal and professional growth; the difficulty of obtaining new skills that can be applied already at the exit into adulthood. It is determined that students of higher educational institutions explain this situation of a decrease in the practices of participation in the events due to the lack of the common information space. It is proved that it is possible to increase the level of social activity of the modern youth by organizing the common information environment in which there will be news about upcoming events. In the opinion of the interviewed students, specialists engaged in the practice of social activity should have a number of professional competencies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relevance of the article is caused by the influence of digital transformations on all spheres of human life. A new layer of socio-cultural interactions and relations is being formed, associated with the transfer of many processes to the digital space, the regulation of which cannot be subject to any general laws, since it has a global socio-cultural format. This determines the issues of positioning the role and place of a person in the digital space, his/her positive behavior, associated in the authors' view with the digital culture of all participants in the process. The purpose of the article is to identify the components of the digital culture of students and to justify the pedagogical toolkit of its formation in the educational activities of university students. As a research methodology, the humanistic paradigm of education is considered, aimed at preserving the importance of a person in the digital world, and creating a digital space exclusively for the benefit of a person. The authors reveal the main provisions of the socio-cultural approach, the main idea of which is the integration of social and cultural spheres of human professional activity in the digital space. The essence of digital culture is defined as a set of spiritual priorities and social values distributed in the space of digital technologies as an artistic field of modern life activity and its main functions (informational, communicative, socialization and personal sustainability) and components (axiological, cognitive, communicative and technological) are highlighted. The results of a pedagogical experiment to test the mechanisms of digital culture formation are presented. The article is intended for teachers, researchers involved in the formation of students' digital culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]