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1. Observations of High Energy Cosmic-Ray Electrons from 30 GeV to 3 TeV with Emulsion Chambers

Author

Kobayashi, Tadashi, Komori, Yoshiko, Yoshida, Kenji, Yanagisawa, Kazuki, Nishimura, Jun, Yamagami, Takamasa, Saito, Yoshitaka, Tateyama, Nobuhito, Yuda, Toshinori, and Wilkes, Jeffrey

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

We have performed a series of cosmic-ray electron observations using the balloon-borne emulsion chambers since 1968. While we previously reported the results from subsets of the exposures, the final results of the total exposures up to 2001 are presented here. Our successive experiments have yielded the total exposure of 8.19 m^2 sr day at the altitudes of 4.0 - 9.4 g/cm^2. The performance of the emulsion chambers was examined by accelerator beam tests and Monte-Carlo simulations, and the on-board calibrations were carried out by using the flight data. In this work we present the cosmic-ray electron spectrum in the energy range from 30 GeV to 3 TeV at the top of the atmosphere, which is well represented by a power-law function with an index of -3.28+-0.10. The observed data can be also interpreted in terms of diffusive propagation models. The evidence of cosmic-ray electrons up to 3 TeV suggests the existence of cosmic-ray electron sources at distances within ~1 kpc and times within ~1x10^5 yr ago., Comment: 38 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables, Accepted for publication in ApJ

Published
2012
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2. Energy Spectrum of Cosmic-Ray Electron and Positron from 10 GeV to 3 TeV Observed with the Calorimetric Electron Telescope on the International Space Station

Author

CALET Collaboration: Adriani, O., Akaike, Yosui, Asano, K., Asaoka, Yoichi, Bagliesi, M. G., Bigongiari, G., Binns, W. R., Bonechi, S., Bongi, M., Brogi, P., Buckley, J. H., Cannady, N., Castellini, G., Checchia, C., Cherry, M. L., Collazuol, G., Di Felice, V., Ebisawa, Ken, Fuke, Hideyuki, Guzik, T. G., Hams, T., Hareyama, Makoto, Hasebe, Nobuyuki, Hibino, Kinya, Ichimura, Masakatsu, Ioka, K., Ishizaki, W., Israel, M. H., Javaid, A., Kasahara, Katsuaki, Kataoka, Jun, Kataoka, R., Katayose, Yusaku, Kato, C., Kawanaka, N., Kawakubo, Y., Krawczynski, H. S., Krizmanic, J. F., Kuramata, Shiyuuichi, Lomtadze, T., Maestro, P., Marrocchesi, P. S., Messineo, A. M., Mitchell, J. W., Miyake, S., Mizutani, Kouhei, Moiseev, A. A., Mori, Kunishiro, Mori, M., Mori, N., Motz, H. M., Munakata, K., Murakami, Hiroyuki, Nakahira, Satoshi, Nishimura, Jun, de Nolfo, G. A., Okuno, Shoji, Ormes, J. F., Ozawa, Shunsuke, Pacini, L., Palma, F., Papini, P., Penacchioni, A. V., Rauch, B. F., Ricciarini, S. B., Sakai, K., Sakamoto, T., Sasaki, M., Shimizu, Yuki, Shiomi, A., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stolzi, F., Takahashi, I., Takayanagi, Masahiro, Takita, M., Tamura, Tadahisa, Tateyama, Nobuhito, Terasawa, Toshio, Tomida, Hiroshi, Torii, Shoji, Tsunesada, Y., Uchihori, Yukio, Ueno, Shiro, Vannuccini, E., Wefel, J. P., Yamaoka, K., Yanagita, S., Yoshida, A., Yoshida, Kenji, Yuda, Toshinori, 赤池, 陽水, 浅岡, 陽一, 海老沢, 研, 福家, 英之, 晴山, 慎, 長谷部, 信行, 日比野, 欣也, 市村, 雅一, 笠原, 克昌, 片岡, 淳, 片寄, 祐作, 倉又, 秀一, 水谷, 興平, 森, 国城, 村上, 浩之, 中平, 聡志, 西村, 純, 奥野, 祥二, 高柳, 昌弘, 田村, 忠久, 立山, 暢人, 寺沢, 敏夫, 冨田, 洋, 鳥居, 祥二, 内堀, 幸夫, 上野, 史郎, 吉田, 健二, 湯田, 利典, CALET Collaboration: Adriani, O., Akaike, Yosui, Asano, K., Asaoka, Yoichi, Bagliesi, M. G., Bigongiari, G., Binns, W. R., Bonechi, S., Bongi, M., Brogi, P., Buckley, J. H., Cannady, N., Castellini, G., Checchia, C., Cherry, M. L., Collazuol, G., Di Felice, V., Ebisawa, Ken, Fuke, Hideyuki, Guzik, T. G., Hams, T., Hareyama, Makoto, Hasebe, Nobuyuki, Hibino, Kinya, Ichimura, Masakatsu, Ioka, K., Ishizaki, W., Israel, M. H., Javaid, A., Kasahara, Katsuaki, Kataoka, Jun, Kataoka, R., Katayose, Yusaku, Kato, C., Kawanaka, N., Kawakubo, Y., Krawczynski, H. S., Krizmanic, J. F., Kuramata, Shiyuuichi, Lomtadze, T., Maestro, P., Marrocchesi, P. S., Messineo, A. M., Mitchell, J. W., Miyake, S., Mizutani, Kouhei, Moiseev, A. A., Mori, Kunishiro, Mori, M., Mori, N., Motz, H. M., Munakata, K., Murakami, Hiroyuki, Nakahira, Satoshi, Nishimura, Jun, de Nolfo, G. A., Okuno, Shoji, Ormes, J. F., Ozawa, Shunsuke, Pacini, L., Palma, F., Papini, P., Penacchioni, A. V., Rauch, B. F., Ricciarini, S. B., Sakai, K., Sakamoto, T., Sasaki, M., Shimizu, Yuki, Shiomi, A., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stolzi, F., Takahashi, I., Takayanagi, Masahiro, Takita, M., Tamura, Tadahisa, Tateyama, Nobuhito, Terasawa, Toshio, Tomida, Hiroshi, Torii, Shoji, Tsunesada, Y., Uchihori, Yukio, Ueno, Shiro, Vannuccini, E., Wefel, J. P., Yamaoka, K., Yanagita, S., Yoshida, A., Yoshida, Kenji, Yuda, Toshinori, 赤池, 陽水, 浅岡, 陽一, 海老沢, 研, 福家, 英之, 晴山, 慎, 長谷部, 信行, 日比野, 欣也, 市村, 雅一, 笠原, 克昌, 片岡, 淳, 片寄, 祐作, 倉又, 秀一, 水谷, 興平, 森, 国城, 村上, 浩之, 中平, 聡志, 西村, 純, 奥野, 祥二, 高柳, 昌弘, 田村, 忠久, 立山, 暢人, 寺沢, 敏夫, 冨田, 洋, 鳥居, 祥二, 内堀, 幸夫, 上野, 史郎, 吉田, 健二, and 湯田, 利典

Abstract

著者人数: 91名

Published
2018

3. Energy Spectrum of Cosmic-Ray Electron and Positron from 10 GeV to 3 TeV Observed with the Calorimetric Electron Telescope on the International Space Station

Author

CALET, Collaboration, Adriani, O., Asano, K., Bagliesi, M. G., Bigongiari, G., Binns, W. R., Bonechi, S., Bongi, M., Brogi, P., Buckley, J. H., Cannady, N., Castellini, G., Checchia, C., Cherry, M. L., Collazuol, G., Di, Felice V., Guzik, T. G., Hams, T., Ioka, K., Ishizaki, W., Israel, M. H., Javaid, A., Kataoka, R., Kato, C., Kawanaka, N., Kawakubo, Y., Krawczynski, H. S., Krizmanic, J. F., Lomtadze, T., Maestro, P., Marrocchesi, P. S., Messineo, A. M., Mitchell, J. W., Miyake, S., Moiseev, A. A., Mori, M., Mori, N., Motz, H. M., Munakata, K., de, Nolfo G. A., Ormes, J. F., Ozawa, Shunsuke, Pacini, L., Palma, F., Papini, P., Penacchioni, A. V., Rauch, B. F., Ricciarini, S. B., Sakai, K., Sakamoto, T., Sasaki, M., Shimizu, Yuki, Shiomi, A., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stolzi, F., Takahashi, I., Takita, M., Tsunesada, Y., Vannuccini, E., Wefel, J. P., Yamaoka, K., Yanagita, S., Yoshida, A., Akaike, Yosui, Asaoka, Yoichi, Ebisawa, Ken, Fuke, Hideyuki, Hareyama, Makoto, Hasebe, Nobuyuki, Hibino, Kinya, Ichimura, Masakatsu, Kasahara, Katsuaki, Kataoka, Jun, Katayose, Yusaku, Kuramata, Shiyuuichi, Mizutani, Kouhei, Mori, Kunishiro, Murakami, Hiroyuki, Nakahira, Satoshi, Nishimura, Jun, Okuno, Shoji, Takayanagi, Masahiro, Tamura, Tadahisa, Tateyama, Nobuhito, Terasawa, Toshio, Tomida, Hiroshi, Torii, Shoji, Uchihori, Yukio, Ueno, Shiro, Yoshida, Kenji, and Yuda, Toshinori

Subjects
Particle physics, Proton, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, General Physics and Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, Electrons, Electron, Calorimetry, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Telescope, Physics and Astronomy (all), Calorimetry, Cosmic rays, Cosmology, Electrons, Positrons, Space stations, Spectroscopy, Spectrum analysis, Tellurium compounds, Tellurium compounds, Positron, Positrons, law, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, Cosmic rays, Spectroscopy, Physics, Settore FIS/01, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Spectral index, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Spectral density, Space stations, Spectrum analysis, Cosmology, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract

First results of a cosmic-ray electron + positron spectrum, from 10 GeV to 3 TeV, is presented based upon observations with the CALET instrument on the ISS starting in October, 2015. Nearly a half million electron + positron events are included in the analysis. CALET is an all-calorimetric instrument with total vertical thickness of 30 $X_0$ and a fine imaging capability designed to achieve a large proton rejection and excellent energy resolution well into the TeV energy region. The observed energy spectrum over 30 GeV can be fit with a single power law with a spectral index of -3.152 $\pm$ 0.016 (stat.+ syst.). Possible structure observed above 100 GeV requires further investigation with increased statistics and refined data analysis., 7 pages, 6 figures, published 1 November 2017 in Physical Review Letters

Published
2017
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4. Long time balloon observation of high energy cosmic ray electrons by ECC

Author

Yoshida, Kenji, Kobayashi, Tadashi, Kawada, Jiro, Yoshida, Tetsuya, Saito, Yoshitaka, Fuke, Hideyuki, Nishimura, Jun, Komori, Yoshiko, Tateyama, Nobuhito, and Yuda, Toshinori

Abstract

大気球シンポジウム 平成21年度 (2009年10月1-2日. 宇宙航空研究開発機構宇宙科学研究本部), 相模原, 神奈川, Balloon Symposium 2008 (October 1-2, 2009. Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)), Sagamihara, Kanagawa Japan, 資料番号: AA0064736009

Published
2009

5. ECCによる高エネルギー宇宙線電子のブラジル気球実験報告

Author

Kobayashi, Tadashi, Yamagami, Takamasa, Kawada, Jiro, Nonaka, Naoki, Yoshida, Tetsuya, Saito, Yoshitaka, Fuke, Hideyuki, Nishimura, Jun, Komori, Yoshiko, Yoshida, Kenji, Tateyama, Nobuhito, Sato, Yoshihiro, Omori, Rie, and Yuda, Toshinori

Abstract

大気球シンポジウム 平成19年度（2007年12月13-14日. 宇宙航空研究開発機構宇宙科学研究本部 (JAXA)(ISAS)）, 相模原市, 神奈川県), Balloon Symposium 2007 (December 13-14, 2007. Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)(ISAS)), Sagamihara, Kanagawa Japan, 著者人数: 15名, 資料番号: SA6000089034

Published
2008

6. CALET UPPER LIMITS ON X-RAY AND GAMMA-RAY COUNTERPARTS OF GW151226

Author

Adriani, O., Asano, K., Bagliesi, M. G., Bigongiari, G., Binns, W. R., Bonechi, S., Bongi, M., Brogi, P., Buckley, J. H., Cannady, N., Castellini, G., Checchia, C., Cherry, M. L., Collazuol, G., Di, Felice V., Guzik, T. G., Hams, T., Ioka, K., Ishizaki, W., Israel, M. H., Javaid, A., Kataoka, R., Kato, C., Kawanaka, N., Kawakubo, Y., Krawczynski, H. S., Krizmanic, J. F., Lomtadze, T., Maestro, P., Marrocchesi, P. S., Messineo, A. M., Mitchell, J. W., Miyake, S., Moiseev, A. A., Mori, M., Mori, N., Motz, H. M., Munakata, K., Ormes, J. F., Ozawa, Shunsuke, Pacini, L., Palma, F., Papini, P., Penacchioni, A. V., Rauch, B. F., Ricciarini, S., Sakai, K., Sakamoto, T., Sasaki, M., Shimizu, Yuki, Shiomi, A., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stolzi, F., Takahashi, I., Takita, M., Tsunesada, Y., Vannuccini, E., Wefel, J. P., Yamaoka, K., Yanagita, S., Yoshida, A., Akaike, Yosui, Asaoka, Yoichi, Ebisawa, Ken, Fuke, Hideyuki, Hareyama, Makoto, Hasebe, Nobuyuki, Hibino, Kinya, Ichimura, Masakatsu, Kasahara, Katsuaki, Kataoka, Jun, Katayose, Yusaku, Kitamura, Hisashi, Kuramata, Shiyuuichi, Mizutani, Kouhei, Mori, Kunishiro, Murakami, Hiroyuki, Nakagawa, Yujin E., Nakahira, Satoshi, Nishimura, Jun, Okuno, Shoji, Takayanagi, Masahiro, Tamura, Tadahisa, Tateyama, Nobuhito, Terasawa, Toshio, Tomida, Hiroshi, Torii, Shoji, Uchihori, Yukio, Ueno, Shiro, Yoshida, Kenji, and Yuda, Toshinori

Subjects
Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, gamma-ray burst: general, FOS: Physical sciences, gamma-ray burst, Phosphor, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Settore FIS/04 - Fisica Nucleare e Subnucleare, 0103 physical sciences, GW151226, Astronomical interferometer, BURSTS, 010306 general physics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, general - gravitational waves, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Luminosity (scattering theory), Gravitational wave, Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale, X-ray, Gamma ray, gravitational waves, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Gamma-ray burst, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

著者人数: 92名, Accepted: 2016-09-02, 資料番号: SA1160178000

Published
2016

7. ECCによる高エネルギー宇宙線電子のブラジル気球観測計画

Author

Kobayashi, Tadashi, Yamagami, Takamasa, Yoshida, Tetsuya, Saito, Yoshitaka, Fuke, Hideyuki, Nonaka, Naoki, Kawada, Jiro, Nishimura, Jun, Tateyama, Nobuto, Komori, Yoshiko, Sato, Yoshihiro, Omori, Rie, and Yuda, Toshinori

Abstract

大気球シンポジウム 平成18年度（2007年1月15-16日. 宇宙航空研究開発機構宇宙科学研究本部 (JAXA)(ISAS)）, 相模原市, 神奈川県), Balloon Symposium 2006 (January 15-16, 2007. Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)(ISAS)), Sagamihara, Kanagawa Japan, 著者人数: 15名, 資料番号: SA6000090045

Published
2007

8. ECCによる高エネルギー宇宙線電子の長時間気球観測計画

Author

Kobayashi, Tadashi, Yamagami, Takamasa, Saito, Yoshitaka, Fuke, Hideyuki, Nishimura, Jun, Yoshida, Kenji, Tateyama, Nobuhito, Komori, Yoshiko, Sato, Yoshihiro, Omori, Rie, and Yuda, Toshinori

Abstract

大気球シンポジウム 平成17年度（2006年1月23-24日. 宇宙航空研究開発機構宇宙科学研究本部 (JAXA)(ISAS)）, 相模原市, 神奈川県), Balloon Symposium 2005 (January 23-24, 2006. Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)(ISAS)), Sagamihara, Kanagawa Japan, 著者人数: 12名, 資料番号: SA6000068038

Published
2006

9. ECCによる高エネルギー宇宙線電子のブラジル気球観測計画

Author

小林, 忠, 山上, 隆正, 吉田, 哲也, 斉藤, 芳隆, 福家, 英之, 野中, 直樹, 河田, 二朗, 西村, 純, 吉田, 健二, 立山, 暢人, 古森, 良志子, 佐藤, 禎宏, 大森, 理恵, 小林, 孝英, 湯田, 利典, Kobayashi, Tadashi, Yamagami, Takamasa, Yoshida, Tetsuya, Saito, Yoshitaka, Fuke, Hideyuki, Nonaka, Naoki, Kawada, Jiro, Nishimura, Jun, Tateyama, Nobuto, Komori, Yoshiko, Sato, Yoshihiro, Omori, Rie, Yuda, Toshinori, 小林, 忠, 山上, 隆正, 吉田, 哲也, 斉藤, 芳隆, 福家, 英之, 野中, 直樹, 河田, 二朗, 西村, 純, 吉田, 健二, 立山, 暢人, 古森, 良志子, 佐藤, 禎宏, 大森, 理恵, 小林, 孝英, 湯田, 利典, Kobayashi, Tadashi, Yamagami, Takamasa, Yoshida, Tetsuya, Saito, Yoshitaka, Fuke, Hideyuki, Nonaka, Naoki, Kawada, Jiro, Nishimura, Jun, Tateyama, Nobuto, Komori, Yoshiko, Sato, Yoshihiro, Omori, Rie, and Yuda, Toshinori

Abstract

会議情報: 大気球シンポジウム 平成18年度（2007年1月15-16日. 宇宙航空研究開発機構宇宙科学研究本部 (JAXA)(ISAS)）, 相模原市, 神奈川県), 著者人数: 15名, Meeting Information: Balloon Symposium 2006 (January 15-16, 2007. Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)(ISAS)), Sagamihara, Kanagawa Japan

Published
2017

10. Planning of high energy cosmic electron observation by Micro Segment Chamber

Author

Aoki, Shigeki, Kobayashi, Tadashi, Nishimura, Jun, Yamagami, Takamasa, Sato, Yoshihiro, Yuda, Toshinori, Kodama, Koichi, Niwa, Kimio, Hoshino, Kaoru, and Nakamura, Mitsuhiro

Subjects
コンプトン効果, micro segment chamber, マイクロセグメントチェンバー, synchrotron radiation, エネルギースペクトル, energy spectrum, 位置分解能, 超新星, 高エネルギー宇宙線電子, Compton effect, supernova, ECC, シンクロトロン放射, high energy cosmic electron, spatial resolution
Abstract

資料番号: AA0046651038

Published
2004

11. Observations of High-energy Cosmic-ray Electrons and Atmospheric Gamma rays with Emulsion Chambers

Author

J., J. Lord, J., Wilkes, Kobayashi, Tadashi, Komori, Yoshiko, Yoshida, Kenji, Sirai, Tatsuya, Tateyama, Nobuhito, Taira, Toshio, Aizu, Hideko, Fujii, masami, Yuda, Toshinori, Yamagami, Takamasa, Nishimura, Jun, Lord, J. J., and Wilkes, J

Abstract

宇宙線中の高エネルギー電子のエマルションチャンバーによる観測は１９６８年から１９９８年にわたって１３回にわたる気球観測が行われてきた．結果はそれぞれの時点で国際学会等に報告してきたが，ここではこれらを総括して報告することとした．観測の全有効露出量は SΩT＝6.65x10＾5m＾2・s・sr（～7.7m＾2・day・sr） であり，これまで行われた電子観測としては最大の量である．その結果，30GeV付近から３TeVにわたるエネルギースペクルとして Je(E) = (1.42+/-0.26)x10＾-4(100GeV/E)＾3.26+/-0.11/m＾2・s・sr・GeV が得られた．この結果は我々がすでに発表した結果 （Nishimura et al.1980， 以後文献1と呼ぶ）と良く一致している．電子と同時に大気中で発生するガンマ線についても詳しく観測を行い，4g/cm＾2の高度に規格化したエネルギースペクトルとして３０GeVから１０TeVの範囲で Jg(W)=(1.11+/-0.13) x 10^-4(100GeV/W)^2.74+/-0.06/m^2・s・sr・GeV が得られた．ガンマ線の観測は電子の大気効果補正に重要であると同時に，一次宇宙線の絶対強度の推定に重要であり，このガンマ線強度から１００GeV以上の一次陽子の強度を導き出す事が出来る．この論文では観測器としてのエマルションチャンバーが他の観測器と比べて電子観測にすぐれた特性を持っている事，エネルギー決定精度，電子の同定，陽子に対するrejection power，大気補正，ガンマ線スペクトルおよび一次陽子スペクトルの導出等についてやや詳しく述べた．最後にこれらの観測の結果から電子観測の重要性とその加速源について得られた知見について述べた．, The observations of electron spectrum bring us unique information about the sources and propagation of cosmic rays. Although the observational importance of the spectrum at high-energy side has been pointed out, the Emulsion Chamber experiments were the only one which observed the electron spectrum up to TeV region. Successive experiments of cosmic-ray electrons using emulsion chambers since 1977 have yielded about 10 times exposures in total as large as those of our previous experiments (Nishimura. J. et al, 1980). Our total exposure is now about 6.6x10^5m^2・s・sr, including those before 1977, which is one or two order magnitude larger than those of other experiments. This enabled us for the first time to observe the electron spectrum in TeV region. We present here the electron spectrum in the energy range 30GeV to 3TeV at the top of the atmosphere, which is expressed as : Je(E) = (1.42+/-0.26) x 10^-4(100GeV/E)^3.26+/-0.11/m^2・s・sr・GeV. This is essentially the same as our previous results in the low energy side. We also present the atmospheric gamma-ray spectrum at the balloon altitude that was obtained in the course of the data analysis of electrons. The gamma-ray spectrum normalized at 4g/cm^2 altitude is well represented by a single power law spectrum : Jg(W)=(1.11+/-0.13) x 10^-4(100GeV/W)^2.74+/-0.06/m^2・s・sr・GeV, in the range of 30GeV to 10TeV. We can deduce the flux of primary protons in the energy range of 300GeV to 50TeV from this gamma ray data, if we assume a certain model of hadronic interactions. Base on these data, we discussed the origin and propagation of the observed electrons in terms of the diffusion model, and possible spectral fluctuations in the TeV region due to the contribution of a small number of nearby sources., 資料番号: SA0200100000

Published
2002

12. Measurment of Atmospheric Gamma Rays with BETS for Calibrating Atmospheric Neutrino Flux Calculations

Author

Kasahara, Katsuaki, Mochizuki, Eiko, Torii, Shoji, Tateyama, Nobuhito, Tamura, Tadahisa, Yoshida, Kenji, Ohuchi, Tatsumi, Nishimura, Jun, Yamagami, Takamasa, Saito, Yoshitaka, Murakami, Hiroyuki, Kobayashi, Tadashi, Komori, Yoshiko, Honda, Morihiro, Midorikawa, Shoichi, and Yuda, Toshinori

Abstract

最近のスーパーカミオカンデの実験で明らかになったニュートリノ振動に関連して，ニュートリノフラックスの絶対値を求めるためのガンマ線強度の高度変化を気球観測により測定している．観測には，一次電子を観測するために開発されたBETS測定器にガンマ線用のトリガーシステムを付加した装置を用いている．2000年度の観測では，これまでよりトリガーシステムを高性能化することにより，信頼度の高いデータが得られている．データ解析により得られた気球高度でのガンマ線フラックスと，核相互作用モデルの異なるシミュレーション計算の比較により，ニュートリノフラックスの計算に必要なモデルの確定を試みている．, We have performed a series of observation of atmospheric gamma rays to determine the absolute flux of neutrinos in relation to presence of the neutrino oscillations which have been claimed by the Super-Kamiokande experiment. The observations were carried out with the BETS instrument which was improved for the gamma-ray detection by adding the trigger system. In 2000, we obtained reliable data by using an optimized trigger system. The gamma-ray fluxes at balloon altitudes were compared with the expected ones by Monte-Carlo simulations using different nuclear interaction models. The best-fit model for the gamma-ray flux is proposed for the calculation of the absolute neutrino flux., 資料番号: SA0200063000

Published
2001

13. Measurements of the Electron Flux from 10 to 100 GeV with the BETS Calorimeter

Author

TORII, Shoji, YAMAGAMI, Takamasa, MURAKAMI, Hiroyuki, TAMURA, Tadahisa, YOSHIDA, Kenji, TATEYAMA, Nobuhito, OUCHI, Tatsumi, SAITO, Yoshitaka, KOBAYASHI, Tadashi, KOMORI, Yoshiko, KASAHARA, Katsuaki, YUDA, Toshinori, and NISHIMURA, Jun

Subjects
宇宙線電子, 高エネルギー, カロリメータ, シンチファイバー
Abstract

BETS (Balloon Borne Electron Telescope with Scintillating Fibers)による, 10GeVから100GeVまでの電子エネルギースペクトルの最新の観測結果を報告する。この装置は, 約10,000本のシンチレーティング・ファイバーと4cm(7.1r.l.)厚の鉛板から構成されたイメージング・カロリメータである。電子選別のために, 陽子の除去を宇宙線シャワーのイメージングによって行っており, その除去能力は約2,500倍であることが確かめられている。この報告では, 1997年と1998年に三陸で行った気球観測の結果について, これまでの他の観測値と比較する。そして, 銀河中での電子の拡散係数やsolar modulationの効果について議論している。, We report new measurements of the electron flux from 10 GeV to 100 GeV observed with the BETS (Balloon-Borne Electron Telescope with Scintillating fibers) instrument. The detector is an imaging calorimeter consisting of ∿10,000 scintillating fibers and 7.1 r.l. thick lead. Rejection power of the background protons by the imaging capability of showers was proved to be 2,500. The balloon observations were carried out in 1997 and 1998 at Sanriku in Japan. Comparing the present results with previous ones, we discuss the diffusion characteristics of electrons in the Galaxy and the solor modulation effects., 資料番号: SA0167159000

Published
2000

14. Observation of High-Energy Electrons with BETS-2

Author

YAMAGAMI, Takamasa, OHTA, Shigeo, NAMIKI, Michiyoshi, NISHIMURA, Jun, TORII, Shoji, KASAHARA, Katsuaki, TATEYAMA, Nobuhito, TAMURA, Tadahisa, YOSHIDA, Kenji, MURAKAMI, Hiroyuki, KOBAYASHI, Tadashi, KOMORI, Yoshiko, YUDA, Toshinori, MORI, Kunihiro, and UCHIYAMA, Sadayuki

Abstract

BETS (Balloon-Borne Electron Telescope with Scintillating Fiber)と呼ばれる気球搭載型の観測装置による新しい電子観測について紹介する。BETSは, シンチファイバーと鉛板からなるイメージング・カロリメータを用いて, 10Gevから100GeVのエネルギー領域で陽子雑音を充分に除去する性能があることが実証されている。装置の性能は, シミュレーション計算とCERNのSuper Proton Synchrotron (SPS)の電子ビームを用いたテストによって調べられている。1995年9月に行った3回めの三陸での気球実験で得られたエネルギー・スペクトルの初期的結果を, 各種の解析方法とともに報告する。, We present a new measurement of cosmic-ray electrons observed with the Balloon-Borne Electron Telescope with Scintillating Fiber (BETS). Using an imaging calorimeter consists of scintillating fibers and lead plates, rejection of background protons is successfully achieved in the range 10-100 GeV. Performance of the detector was investigated by simulation calculations and accelerator tests with CERN-SPS. Preliminary result of energy spectrum obtained from the third balloon flight at Sanriku in September 1995 is presented with descriptions of the data analysis., 資料番号: SA0167084000

Published
1997

15. A Balloon-Borne Electron Telescope with Scintillating Fibers

Author

TORII, Shoji, YAMAGAMI, Takamasa, MURAKAMI, Hiroyuki, KOBAYASHI, Tadashi, YOSHIDA, Kenji, TAMURA, Tadahisa, NISHIMURA, Jun, KASAHARA, Katsuaki, TATEYAMA, Nobuhito, YUDA, Toshinori, UTIYAMA, Sadao, and MORI, Kunishiro

Abstract

トリガーシステムとイメージングカロリメータからなる新方式の気球搭載用一次電子観測装置について報告する。このトリガーシステムは機上で10GeV以上の陽子雑音を2%まで減らす性能がある。8c.u.の鉛板と原子核乾板,シンチレーティング・ファイバーからなるイメージングカロリメータは,シャワー発達の様子を2次元的に観測することより,さらに95%の陽子雑音の除去が可能である。装置の概要及び性能を,1994年9月の観測結果とあわせて報告する。, We describe a new balloon-borne cosmic-electron telescope which incorporates a trigger system (TS) and an imaging calorimeter (IC). The TS has the capability of reducing background protons to about 2% above 10GeV. The IC consists of scinitillating-fiber belts, emulsion plates and lead plates (∿8c.u. thick in total). The two-dimensional profile of cascade development observed with the IC can be employed additionally to reject 95% of the background protons. Some results by a balloon flight at Sanriku in Sep. 1994 are shortly reported with the performance of detector., 資料番号: SA0167072000

Published
1996

16. Micro Segment Chamberによる高エネルギー宇宙電子観測計画

Author

Aoki, Shigeki, Kobayashi, Tadashi, Nishimura, Jun, Yamagami, Takamasa, Sato, Yoshihiro, Yuda, Toshinori, Kodama, Koichi, Niwa, Kimio, Hoshino, Kaoru, Nakamura, Mitsuhiro, 青木 茂樹, 小林 正, 西村 純, 山上 隆正, 佐藤 禎宏, 湯田 利典, 児玉 康一, 丹羽 公雄, 星野 香, 中村 光廣, Aoki, Shigeki, Kobayashi, Tadashi, Nishimura, Jun, Yamagami, Takamasa, Sato, Yoshihiro, Yuda, Toshinori, Kodama, Koichi, Niwa, Kimio, Hoshino, Kaoru, Nakamura, Mitsuhiro, 青木 茂樹, 小林 正, 西村 純, 山上 隆正, 佐藤 禎宏, 湯田 利典, 児玉 康一, 丹羽 公雄, 星野 香, and 中村 光廣

Published
2015

17. Report on the Working Group 'High Energy Cosmic Ray Observation'

Author

Torii, Shoji, Hasebe, Nobuyuki, Miyajima, Mitsuhiro, Miyachi, Takashi, Hareyama, Makoto, Okudaira, Osamu, Yamashita, Naoyuki, Kodaira, Satoshi, Nishimura, Jun, Makino, Fumiyoshi, Yamagami, Takamasa, Saito, Yoshitaka, Fuke, Hideyuki, Takayanagi, Masahiro, Ueno, Shiro, Tomita, Hiroshi, Tamura, Tadahisa, Tateyama, Nobuhito, Yoshida, Kenji, Okuno, Shoji, Hibino, Kinya, Yuda, Toshinori, Shibata, Makio, Katayose, Yusaku, Kuramata, Shiyuuichi, Ichimura, Masakatsu, Uchihori, Yukio, Kitamura, Hisashi, Kasahara, Katsuaki, Murakami, Hiroyuki, Kobayashi, Tadashi, Komori, Yoshiko, Mizutani, Kouhei, and Terasawa, Toshio

Subjects
Cosmic Rays, Space Station, Astrophysics, High Energy
Abstract

第22回宇宙利用シンポジウム(2006年1月17日-19日, 日本学術会議6階会議室 六本木、東京), The Twenty-second Space Utilization Symposium (January 17-19, 2006: Science Council of Japan, Roppongi, Tokyo, Japan), We report the activities on the working group "High Energy Cosmic Ray Observation". We have been developing the CALET instrument on-board the Japanese Experiment Module/ Exposed Facility, JEM/EF, of the ISS. We have successfully concluded the mission concept study and the fundamental technical development. By organizing the working group to prepare the mission proposal, we have done much progress on establishing the international team for instrument development, making a written proposal of the project and constructing a proto-type detector for balloon experiments., 形態: カラー図版あり, 共催: 日本学術会議, 著者人数: 34人, Physical characteristics: Original contains color illustrations, Meeting sponsors: The Science Council of Japan, The Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (ISAS)(JAXA), 資料番号: AA0064113032

Published
2006

18. CALET Mission for the Observation of Cosmic Rays on the International Space Station

Author

TAMURA, Tadahisa, primary, TORII, Shoji, additional, KASAHARA, Katsuaki, additional, OKUDAIRA, Osamu, additional, HASEBE, Nobuyuki, additional, HAREYAMA, Makoto, additional, MIYAJIMA, Hiromitsu, additional, MIYAJI, Takashi, additional, YAMASHITA, Naoyuki, additional, UENO, Shiro, additional, SAITO, Yoshitaka, additional, TAKAYANAGI, Masahiro, additional, TOMITA, Hiroshi, additional, NISHIMURA, Jun, additional, FUKE, Hideyuki, additional, YAMAGAMI, Takamasa, additional, OKUNO, Shoji, additional, TATEYAMA, Nobuto, additional, HIBINO, Kinya, additional, SHIOMI, Atsushi, additional, TAKITA, Masato, additional, YUDA, Toshinori, additional, SHIMIZU, Yuki, additional, KAKIMOTO, Fumio, additional, TSUNESADA, Yoshiki, additional, TERASAWA, Toshio, additional, KOBAYASHI, Tadashi, additional, YOSHIDA, Atsumasa, additional, YAMAOKA, Kazutaka, additional, KATAYOSE, Yusaku, additional, SHIBATA, Makio, additional, YOSHIDA, Kenji, additional, ICHIMURA, Masaichi, additional, KURAMATA, Shuichi, additional, UCHIHORI, Yukio, additional, KITAMURA, Hisashi, additional, MURAKAMI, Hiroyuki, additional, KOMORI, Yoshiko, additional, MIZUTANI, Kohei, additional, MUNAKATA, Kazuki, additional, E.STREITMATTER, Robert, additional, W.MITCHELL, John, additional, M.BARBIER, Louis, additional, A.MOISSEV, Alexander, additional, F.KRIZMANIC, John, additional, L.CASE, Gary, additional, L.CHERRY, Michael, additional, GUZIK, T.G., additional, B.ISBERT, Joachim, additional, P.WEFEL, John, additional, R.BINNS, Walter, additional, H.ISRAEL, Martin, additional, KRAWZCZYNSKI, H.S., additional, F.ORMES, Jonathan, additional, S.MARROCCHESI, Pier, additional, MAESTRO, Paolo, additional, G.BAGLIESI, Maria, additional, MILLUCCI, Vincenzo, additional, MEUCCI, Mario, additional, BIGONGIARI, Gabriele, additional, ZEI, Riccardo, additional, KIM, MeYoung, additional, ADRIANI, Oscar, additional, PAPINI, Paolo, additional, BONECHI, Lorenzo, additional, ELENA, Vannuccini, additional, MORSANI, Fabio, additional, LIGABUE, Franco, additional, CHANG, Jin, additional, GAN, Weiqun, additional, YANG, Ji, additional, MA, Yuqian, additional, WANG, Huanyu, additional, and CHEN, Guoming, additional

Published
2009
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22. Do Anomalously Penetrating Showers Really Exist in the Family Events Observed on Mt. Fuji?

Author

Amenomori, Michihiro, primary, Hotta, Naoki, additional, Kasahara, Katsuaki, additional, Mizutani, Kohei, additional, Nanjo, Hirotada, additional, Ogawa, Akira, additional, Ohta, Itaru, additional, Shibata, Makio, additional, Shirai, Tatsuya, additional, Sugimoto, Hisahiko, additional, Taira, Kunio, additional, Tateyama, Nobuhito, additional, Torii, Shoji, additional, and Yuda, Toshinori, additional

Published
1988
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