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The aims of this study were to examine the symptom severity and interference among patients with lung cancer treated with PD-1 immunotherapy, explore whether those symptoms were clustered together, and identify factors associated with symptom clusters.A cross-sectional study was conducted. Data were collected by demographic and clinical characteristic questionnaires and the M.D. Anderson Symptom Inventory Lung Cancer Module. Symptom clusters were identified using exploratory factor analysis, and stepwise linear regression was applied to analyze the factors affecting the symptom clusters.A total of 148 patients with lung cancer treated with PD-1 immunotherapy participated in this study. The overall symptom burdens of these patients were mainly at a mild level. The patient symptom clusters identified in this study were a general cluster, a treatment-related cluster, a pulmonary cluster, a gastrointestinal cluster, and a neural cluster. The patients' Karnofsky performance status (KPS) score (The symptom burdens of patients with lung cancer and treated with PD-1 immunotherapy were at a mild level and appeared to be clustered. In addition, because the symptoms that comprise a cluster are interrelated, the diagnosis and management of each symptom in a cluster should not be performed in isolation, and each symptom in a cluster should be treated either simultaneously or in an orderly manner.

Aim To comprehensively assess the current level and identify associated factors of intention to response and emergency preparedness of clinical nurses during COVID‐19 outbreak. Design A cross‐sectional study was designed. Methods Demographic and characteristic questionnaire, intention to response scale, emergency preparedness scale and a self‐designed questionnaire related to effects of events and intention to leave were used in this study. Results The mean scores of intention to response and emergency preparedness were 82.00 (SD = 18.17) and 64.99 (SD = 12.94), respectively. Moral consideration, engaged in COVID‐19 protection training, had working experience in SARS, and the other eight factors were explained 34.6% of the total model variance in intention to response model (F = 80.05, p

Background Education for asthmatic children in the outpatient department is insufficient. Aim To evaluate the efficacy of a nurse-led education pathway, a standard education programme, on children with asthma. Methods One hundred and eighty participants enrolled and were randomly assigned to either the control group or the intervention group. The intervention group received predetermined step-by-step education sessions based on the self-designed education pathway, while the control group received usual care. Asthma control, health-related quality of life, and health-care utilization measures were taken at baseline and at follow-up visits between February 2016 and May 2018. Results Significantly higher scores for health-related quality of life and inhaler technique at the third-month visit and asthma control test at the sixth-month visit were seen in the intervention group. The numbers of unscheduled physician visits and school absences were lower in the intervention group than in the control group within 6 months. However, no significant differences were observed in emergency department visits and hospitalizations. Conclusion The nurse-led education pathway could be considered effective for children with asthma visiting the outpatient department.

Background Lower work readiness is tied to anxiety, high turnover and nurse transition failure. An assessment of work readiness is necessary. To date, no relative scale exists in China. Thus, a work readiness related scale is urgently needed. Objectives To assess the psychometric properties of the scale, and look into the status of Chinese graduate nurse work readiness and factors associated with work readiness. Design, settings, and participants. Both psychometric assessment and associated factors are designed with cross-sectional studies. 832 and 435 graduate nurses were recruited in the above two studies, respectively. Methods Brislin's transition model was utilized for the transition process, and a six-expert panel and preliminary survey were conducted for face validity and testing the transition version respectively. Exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, internal consistency reliability and test-retest reliability were applied for reliability and validity testing. Additionally, a linear regression method was carried out for analyzing influencing factors of work readiness of graduate nurses across China. Results A 37-item Chinese version scale was proven to have great psychometric qualities. Five factors were extracted by exploratory factor analysis, which can explain 68.637% of the total variance. Furthermore, the confirmatory factor analysis demonstrates the fit indices of a five factors mode: X2/df = 1.769, RMSEA = 0.067, NFI = 0.859, RFI = 0.839, IFI = 0.934, CFI = 0.933, TLI = 0.923. Intra-class correlation coefficient, Cronbach's α and Guttman Split-half were 0.805, 0.960 and 0.903, respectively. Interpersonal relationships, leadership experience, scholarship, work experience and willingness to be nurses were associated with the potential to achieve higher work readiness. Conclusion The Chinese version of WRS-GN with good validity and reliability can be utilized for assessment of work readiness. Besides, improving work readiness of graduate nurses based on above five associated factors, educators and hospital managers could help graduate nurses having a smooth transition for a stable nursing workforce.

To investigate the quality of life and influence factors in patients awaiting lung transplantation.Fifty five participants who waited for lung transplantation were enrolled and received multiple surveys including Short Form 36 Health Survey Questionnaires (SF-36), Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) and Perceiving Social Support Scale (PSSS).The subjects awaiting lung transplant scored ranging from (23.18±37.53) to (74.57±26.02) regarding SF-36, significantly lower than norms (p0.01); they scored (48.09±9.06) and ( 52.18±9.98) in SAS and SDS respectively, which were significant higher compared with norms (p0.01), the patients scored (5.56±1.04) regarding social total support factor in PSSS questionnaire, and the scores of family support factor was significantly higher than that of outside family support factor (p0.05). Single factor analysis revealed that the factors affecting quality of life included monthly family per capita income, medical cost source, dyspnea, BMI, anxiety, depression, and social support (p0.05). Multiple factor analysis screened dyspnea (p0.001) and depression (p0.05) as influence factors of quality of life in patients awaiting lung transplantation.Affected by various factors, the quality of life in patients awaiting lung transplant surgery is relatively poor, among which dyspnea and depression are dominant influence factors. Therefore, clinicians should take psychological and physiological measures to effectively enhance the quality of life in patients awaiting lung transplantation.