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BACKGROUND Establishment of human prostate cancer cell lines is essential to advance our understanding of complex processes associated with the initiation and progression of the disease. In the present study, we report the establishment of a primary African-American prostate cancer cell line (E006AA) as well as its associated stromal cells (S006AA). METHODS E006AA cell line was established as a spontaneously immortalized cells from a patient with a clinically localized prostate cancer. Extensive characterization of the cells was accomplished using androgen-dependent growth and sensitivity assays, Western analyses, RT-PCR/real-time PCR, cytogenetic analyses, and tumorigenicity in nude mice. RESULTS E006AA cell line shows androgen-dependent growth, expresses PSA and the androgen receptor (AR) with 26 CAG repeats in exon 1 of AR. Cytogenetic analyses revealed a hypertriploid karyotype with additional numerical gains in chromosomes 5, 6, 8, 10, 17, 20, 21 and a marker chromosome of unknown origin as well as structural abnormalities in chromosomes 4, 5, 8, 9, 11–14, 18, and 20. This cell line is not tumorigenic in nude mice. S006AA cell line, isolated from the same tumor specimen, also expresses AR and shows the morphological characteristics of smooth muscle cells of prostatic stroma. CONCLUSIONS These cell lines are the first available primary epithelial and stromal cells derived from an African-American patient with organ-confined prostate cancer and in conjunction with other established cell lines, could provide an in vitro model system to investigate early transforming events in prostate cancer. © 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

A 3-month-old African American female infant had a rapidly growing lipoblastoma with a prominent fibrous component in the soft tissue of the left lateral knee, which recurred at 10 months. Cytogenetic analysis revealed deletion of 8(q11.2q13) with a 19(q12q13.3) insertion at that site, confirming that this is closely related to the conventional lipoblastoma. The presence of multivacuolated lipoblasts and the staining characteristics (no staining for CD99, CD34, or smooth muscle actin) distinguish this from the recently described lipofibromatosis.

© symptoms.5 It is speculated that the therapeutic benefit of IFN-α is related to its combined antilymphoproliferative and antiviral actions.5 Given the availability of a specific therapy, it is important that HCV-associated type II cryoglobulinemia be recognized and diagnosed as early as possible. It should be part of the differential diagnosis in patients with an unexplained IgM M-protein, signs/symptoms of cryoglobulinemia, a positive cryoglobulin assay, and/or an unexplained positive rheumatoid factor assay.

Cytogenetic studies were performed on an alveolar soft part sarcoma of a 6-year-old boy. An extra chromosome 8 was present in 26 of 28 metaphases analyzed.

Cytogenetic analysis of an aggressive giant cell fibroblastoma in a 15-month-old male revealed the following balanced translocation: t(17;22)(q21.33;q13.1). This is the first cytogenetic report on this early childhood tumor.

Fifty consecutive routine female karyotypes of amniotic fluid cells were analyzed to determine: (1) the banding resolution of each metaphase in routine preparations, (2) whether all haploids in the same metaphase had the same level of banding resolution, and (3) which chromosomes showed the least/most variation in regard to banding resolution. For each karyotype, the number of dark bands for each right-hand-side chromosome were counted and compared with an ideogram (ISCN 1985). Banding resolution was separated into three groups: 400-band, 550-band, and 850-band. It was found that all 50 metaphases showed at least a 400-band resolution, and 1 metaphase showed a banding resolution between a 550-band and 850-band level. Although the chromosome preparations were sufficient for routine purposes, additional effort and banding techniques are required to detect small chromosomal abnormalities that require a higher level of resolution.

A case of acute undifferentiated myelocytic leukemic with trisomy 4 is described. The patient is a 61-year-old woman who developed leukemia 4 1 2 years after receiving radiation therapy for uterine carcinoma. Many leukemic cells exhibited hand-mirror configuration after the bone marrow aspirate was left at room temperature overnight. The relationship between trisomy 4 and hand-mirror cells in acute myelocytic leukemia is unknown.

Phytohemagglutinin (PHA) stimulated lymphocytes were exposed to a hypotonic solution consisting of equal parts of 0.075 M 2-Mercaptoethanol and 0.075 M KCl, followed by addition of colcemid. The cells were fixed and washed in the usual manner. The slides then were subjected to trypsin-Giemsa banding. This method yields a high percentage of mitotic figures in prophase and prometaphase, ideal for high-resolution chromosome analysis.

Marked leukocytosis and pseudo-Pelger-Huet anomaly were observed in an apparently healthy 78-year-old man who was admitted to the hospital after sustaining injuries resulting from a fall. After isochromosome 17q was demonstrated, a diagnosis of Philadelphia chromosome–negative chronic myelocytic leukemia that was developing into the blast phase was made.

One popular method of preparing leukocyte-depleted blood uses adsorption filters. A special cotton-fiber filter, commercially known as Imugard, has been found to be efficient and simple to use in Japan and some European countries, where donor blood anticoagulated with ACD or CPD is used. In the present study, the authors used blood anticoagulated with CPDA-1. Although these filters were efficient in retaining leukocytes, the procedure was tedious and lengthy, possibly due to sludging of blood with the addition of adenine in the anticoagulant. Further studies to enhance the flow rate of CPDA-1 blood through these filters are recommended.

Two separate courses in clinical pathology were presented to two groups of second-year medical students. The first (large) group was taught by the conventional lecture method; the other (small) group, by a self-instructional method for roughly half of the course, followed by the conventional lecture method for the second half of the course. The effectivenesses of the two methods were compared, based on performances on the final written examination. It was found that the self-instructional method was as effective as the conventional method in teaching clinical pathology, at least in teaching basic principles and interpretive clinical chemistry, as judged by the performances of the two groups. Surprisingly, the two groups differed significantly in performances on the portion of the course taught by similar methods.

A simple technic for making bone marrow imprints from postmortem specimens is described. The preparations are highly reproducible, retaining excellent cytologic detail with minimal cell distortion and can be used for evaluation of cellularity.

Phytohemagglutinin (PHA) stimulated lymphocytes were exposed to a hypotonic solution consisting of equal parts of 0.075 M 2-Mercaptoethanol and 0.075 M KCl, followed by addition of colcemid. The cells were fixed and washed in the usual manner. The slides then were subjected to trypsin-Giemsa banding. This method yields a high percentage of mitotic figures in prophase and prometaphase, ideal for high-resolution chromosome analysis.