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PurposeFrom the quantum game perspective, this paper aims to study a green product optimal pricing problem of the dual-channel supply chain under the cooperation of the retailer and manufacturer to reduce carbon emissions.Design/methodology/approachThe decentralized and centralized decision-making optimal prices and profits are obtained by establishing the classical and quantum game models. Then the classical game and quantum game are compared.FindingsWhen the quantum entanglement is greater than 0, the selling prices of the quantum model are higher than the classical model. Through theoretical research and numerical analysis results, centralized decision-making is more economical and efficient than decentralized decision-making. Publicity and education on carbon emission reduction for consumers will help consumers accept carbon emission reduction products with slightly higher prices. When the emission reduction increases too fast, the cost of emission reduction will form a significant burden and affect the profits of manufacturers and supply chain systems.Originality/valueFrom the perspective of the quantum game, the author explores the optimal prices of green product and compares them with the classical game.

In this work, a facile and efficient strategy known as 'dynamic self-vulcanization of dual difunctional monomers' was reported to toughen poly(lactic acid) (PLA) with in-situ formed crosslinked bio-polyurethane (PCPUE) phase from plant oil-derived hydrogenated dimer diol (Pripol) and hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI). By simply adjusting equivalent ratios (n

Chemical upcycling of PLA: Ethanolamine cleaves polylactic acid to high purity N-LEA. N-LEA reacts with methacrylic anhydride (MAh) yielding crosslinkable DME. Simply combine DME with reactive diluent and photo-initiator to form a 3D printing resin.

Supramolecular interactions have been found to be essential for exceptional electrochemical performance of a close-packed metal–organic-based cathode, considered one of the best ever reported.

Compared to LCTNi cathode, LCTNi-Ce exhibits better electrochemical performance in CO2-SOEC with CO or H2 as the protective gas.

Electronic structure modulation among multiple metal sites is key to the design of efficient catalysts. Most studies have focused on regulating 3d transition-metal active ions through other d-block metals, while few have utilized f-block metals. Herein, we report a new class of catalyst, namely, UCoO4 with alternative CoO6 and 5f-related UO6 octahedra, as a unique example of a 5f-covalent compound that exhibits enhanced electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity because of the presence of the U 5f–O 2p–Co 3d network. UCoO4 exhibits a low overpotential of 250 mV at 10 mA cm–2, surpassing other unitary cobalt-based catalysts ever reported. X-ray absorption spectroscopy revealed that the Co2+ ion in pristine UCoO4 was converted to high-valence Co3+/4+, while U6+ remained unchanged during the OER, indicating that only Co was the active site. Density functional theory calculations demonstrated that the OER activity of Co3+/4+ was synergistically enhanced by the covalent bonding of U6+-5f in the U 5f–O 2p–Co 3d network. This study opens new avenues for the realization of electronic structure manipulation via unique 5f involvement.

Summary Electrochemical water splitting provides a green pathway for hydrogen generation, while iridium oxide (IrO2) is almost the only stable anode catalyst for acidic media. Yet, it is still a huge challenge to develop an efficient IrO2 catalyst. Here, we demonstrate a microwave-assisted mechano-thermal method that achieves a new 3R phase IrO2. This 3R-IrO2 achieves an ultralow overpotential of 188 mV at the current density of 10 mA cmgeo−2 and a notably high turnover frequency of 5.7 sUPD−1 at 1.50 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode. It also endures limited decay under the current density of 10 mA cmgeo−2 for 511 h prolong test in acidic electrolyte. The new active sites of the edge-sharing structure in 3R-IrO2 and the fast proton transportation along interlayers and intralayers through iridium vacancies contribute to the extraordinary acidic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity and stability. This work highlights the great potential of new metastable materials toward advanced electrocatalysis.

A Gram-positive, facultatively anaerobic, catalase-negative, fructose-dependent strain (W13T) was isolated from the gut of honeybee (Apis mellifera). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing indicated that strain W13T represents a distinct line of descent within the genus Fructobacillus , with the closest neighbours being Fructobacillus broussonetiae BCRC 81240T (98.9 % sequence similarity) and Fructobacillus durionis DSM 19113T (96.8 % sequence similarity). Comparative sequencing of the additional phylogenetic markers rpoC and recA confirmed the 16S rRNA gene tree topology. The complete genome of strain W13T consisted of 1 292 712 bp with a G+C content of 48.3 mol%. Pairwise comparisons of the average nucleotide identity values and digital DNA–DNA hybridization values between the genomes of W13T and its close phylogenetic neighbours, F. broussonetiae BCRC 81240T and F. durionis DSM 19113T, resulted in 76.2–84.1 % and 20.2–27.6 %, respectively. The main cellular fatty acids of strain W13T were C16 : 0, C18 : 1 ω9c and C18 : 1 ω7c. Thus, we propose a novel species within the genus Fructobacillus , with the name Fructobacillus apis sp. nov. and the type strain is W13T (= NBRC 115637T=BCRC 81365T).

Based on the perspective of the quantum game, this paper explores when the online direct sales channel takes the free-riding behavior after the retail channel provides high-quality experience and services and how the dual-channel supply chain establishes a commodity pricing strategy. The retailer’s selling price follows a decreasing function of the free-riding behavior coefficient. while the online direct selling price does an increasing function of the free-riding behavior coefficient. Under centralized decision-making, there is no quantum entanglement, so the quantum game solution is consistent with the classical game solution. Under decentralized decision-making, the optimal price and profit of the quantum game are higher than those of the classical game when the quantum entanglement degree is greater than zero. When the quantum entanglement tends to be infinite, the optimal price of the quantum game finally remains in convergence. The quantum game theory is a more optimal decision-making method than the classical game theory.

Electrocatalytic CO2 reduction (ECR) can convert CO2 into various value-added fuels or chemicals, thus becoming a promising route for balancing the carbon cycle and realizing the low-carbon economy. Recently, the single-atom catalysts (SACs) have emerged and flourished in the field of ECR due to their unsurpassed atom utilization efficiency and unexpected high catalytic performance. Analogy to the recipe for cuisine, this review gives a comprehensive description of the methods to prepare SACs for ECR, and outlines the pathway from CO2 to target products. Moreover, the SACs that exhibit high catalytic performance towards ECR are systematically summarized in the aspects of support material, ligands, coordination number, porous structure, and position, just like regulating the “ingredients” of soup base for transforming CO2. Finally, the challenge and perspective for further upgrading SACs in the ECR domain are expounded. It is hoped that this review would give a general recipe to develop highly efficient (delicious) SACs in ECR.

Sequences targeted at the V3 and V4 16S rRNA hypervariable regions of a streptococcal strain (P1L01T) isolated from vaginal swabs of a pregnant woman with diabetes were 100% similar to those of Streptococcus anginosus subsp. whileyi. However, phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA full-gene sequencing (1562 bp) revealed highest sequence similarity to Streptococcus periodonticum (98.7%), followed by Streptococcus anginosus subsp. whileyi (98.7%), and Streptococcus anginosus subsp. anginosus (98.4%). Phylogenies of housekeeping genes rpoB and groEL were compared to improve classification, and the results showed a clear separation between strain P1L01T and closely related Streptococcus type strains. The complete genome of strain P1L01T consisted of 2,108,769 bp with a G + C content of 38.5 mol%. Average nucleotide identity values, based on genome sequencing, between strain P1L01T and Streptococcus periodonticum KCOM 2412T, Streptococcus anginosus subsp. whileyi CCUG 39159T, and Streptococcus anginosus subsp. anginosus NCTC 10713T were 95.5%, 94.3%, and 95.3%, respectively. The highest in silico DNA–DNA hybridization value with respect to the closest species was 66.2%, i.e., below the species cutoff of 70% hybridization. The main cellular fatty acids of strain P1L01T were 16:0, 18:1ω7c, and 14:0. On the basis of phylogenetic, genotypic and phenotypic data, we propose to classify this isolate as representative of a novel species of the genus Streptococcus, Streptococcus vaginalis sp. nov., in reference to its isolation from vaginal swabs, with strain P1L01T (= NBRC 114754T = BCRC 81289T) as the type strain.

Carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites are indispensable in a variety of applications, because of their high specific strength. CFRPs are generally constructed by carbon fibers as reinforcements and crosslinked polymers as binders. Due to the irreversible nature of the crosslinked polymers, CFRPs are neither repairable nor recyclable. Once the material is damaged or out of service, landfill or incineration is the typical way to deal with the waste. These methods take no advantages of the residue value of the waste and add burdens to the environment. To reduce waste and cost, it is desirable to develop effective recycling technologies to reserve the residue value of carbon fiber and polymer matrix. In the past decade, chemical recycling by cleaving the covalent bonds in a solvent has been considered as an ideal path for the recycling of CFRP wastes, because it has the potential to recover both valuable CFs and polymer matrix. In this review, the discussion is focused on the progress in the chemical recycling of CFRP. The primary matrix resin of CFRP discussed in this review is epoxy resin which is the most widely used polymer matrix. In addition, the challenges and outlook are provided.

Current UV-curable resins based on acrylate or methacrylate monomers are mostly derived from nonrenewable petroleum feedstocks, and the cured resins are not easily repairable or reprocessable due t...

In this paper, the CAPTCHA code is recognized based on character segmentation and random forest algorithm. In the recognition process, the gray conversion method, binarization method, and Gaussian filtering method are used to process the image, and then the projection segmentation method is used to segment the characters. Using the random forest algorithm to recognize a single character, the recognition accuracy reaches 94%. In character recognition, it is found that 5 and S, 8 and B, 4 and A, and T and F have the lowest resolution accuracy ratio.