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An improved sequential extraction method was used to extract and determine 7 forms of phosphorus exchangeable or loosely sorbed P (Ads-P), aluminum-bound P (Al-P), iron-bound P (Fe-P), occluded P (Occ-P), authigenic apatite plus biogenic apatite plus CaCO3-associated P (CFAP-P), detrital apatite P (FAP-P), and organic bound P (Org-P) in suspended matter and surface sediments of the Huanghe River (Yellow River), its estuary and nearby shelf. The concentrations of dissolved inorganic and organic P in river water were also determined. A dissolved P flux of 1.6 billion grams per year, solubilized P flux of 281 billion grams per year, and buried P flux of 588 billion grams per year from the Huanghe River to the Bohai Sea were calculated using the concentrations of P determined in the water column, suspended matter and sediments.

To explore the role of neuregulin (neural regulation of protein, NRG) in the process of mouse spermatogonia proliferation.Mouse testis fragments were cultured in the medium DMEM containing purified NRG1beta or NRG3 at the concentration of 50, 100 and 200 ng/ml, respectively, followed by BrdU immunohistochemical staining and determination of the proliferation rate of spermatogonia.Compared with the control group, neuregulin significantly promoted the proliferation of spermatogonia (P0.05). The proliferation rates of spermatogonia cultured in the medium with 50, 100 and 200 ng/ml of NRG13 were 1.69, 1.55 and 1.86 times, and those with 50, 100 and 200 ng/ml of NRG3 were 1.35, 1.54 and 2.11 times that of the control.NRG1beta and NRG3 can promote the proliferation of mouse spermatogonia, and NRG is expected to be applied in the treatment of male infertility.

To develop a new method for the detection of male human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes and to investigate its clinical application value.With computer assistance and based on the classical common primers MY09/11, modified PGMY09/11 with 23 HPV subtypes for PCR and Genbank data on HPV, we designed probes for the simultaneous detection of 18 high-risk subtypes (HPV-16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 53, 56, 58, 59, 66, 68, 73, 83 and MM4) and 5 low-risk subtypes (HPV-6, 11, 42, 43 and 44) and fixed them to the special membrane to make a DNA chip. A total of 112 male urethral samples were collected with swabs and studied for the clinical value. Meanwhile the single subtypes of HPV positive were sequenced and the standard samples detected for their sensitivity.Of the total number, 25 samples were found to be HPV positive, 13 single HPV infection and 12 multiple infection. Nine HPV gene subtypes were noted in the samples: 6, 11, 16, 18, 33, 35, 43, 56 and 73, with sensitivity up to 10 copies of HPV DNA.Human papillomavirus genotyping by the membrane DNA chip is applicable to the diagnosis of male HPV infection as well as to the related epidemic and etiological investigation.

Ethanol in wines was determined by flow injection analysis with an amperometric detector using an oxidized nickel wire. Solid-phase extraction with a strong anion exchanger was used to remove interferences such as organic acids from the matrix, and the residue of the extraction was injected directly into the FIA system. The recoveries of ethanol from wines spiked with standards ranged from 101% to 103%. The response of the nickel electrode to ethanol is dependent on the applied potential and the pH of the carrier. The optimal conditions for the detection of ethanol were an applied potential of +0.60 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) in a carrier of 100 mM sodium hydroxide solution. The electrode exhibited a linear response from 10−5 to 10−3 M, with a detection limit of 1 × 10−6 M. The method was demonstrated by the determination of ethanol in wines.