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Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally. Despite recent improvements in incidence and mortality rates, the prognosis of lung cancer remains dire.18F-FDG PET/CT plays a vital role in diagnosing, staging, and monitoring the therapeutic efficacy of lung cancer. However, the high glucose metabolism in inflammatory lesions, driven by macrophage activation, aggregation, and the release of inflammatory factors, is a primary source of false-positive results in FDG PET/CT oncology. This significantly diminishes the specificity and accuracy of PET/CT in diagnosing and staging lung cancer.Here we show FoxO1 plays a role in glucose metabolism in macrophages.We found that metformin regulated FoxO1 expression in macrophages, regulated the expression of inflammatory mediators and apoptosis of macrophages, thus reducing inflammatory glucose metabolism and improving the diagnostic accuracy of 18F-FDG PET/CT in lung cancer.We anticipate that our study could provide a credible approach to improve tumor diagnostic accuracy with PET/CT.

The concept of "network perimeter" in industrial control system is becoming vague due to the integration of IT and OT technology.The fine-grained access control strategy that intends to protect each network connection can ensure the network security of industrial control system.The role-delegation-based access control scheme can delegate an access right of user in a domain to a user in another domain or a company partner so that these users can remotely access the network resources of the industrial enterprise.However,these benefits resulted from the delegation may increase the attack surface for industrial control system.The blockchain technology with decentralization,tamper-proof,auditable and other characteristics can be considered as a basic framework of the role-delegation access control for network resources in industrial control system.This paper proposes a role-delegation access control scheme DRBAC based on blockchain.DRBAC includes several important components:user role management and delegation,access control,monitoring mechanism,etc.The DRBAC solution is implemented based on smart contract.The DRBAC ensures that each network connection must be protected by fine-grained access control strategies.Finally,the correctness,feasibility and overhead of DRBAC are tested and analyzed in a private blockchain network.

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The stoichiometric properties of plant carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) and their relationships with soil were studied in six dominant plant communities in three forest types, i. e. , plantation forest, secondary forest and primary forest in depressions between karst hills, southwest China. The C, N and P contents of both plant and soil had significant differences among the different forest types. Soil C and N contents were the highest in the secondary forest and the lowest in the plantation forest. Soil P content was the highest in the plantation forest and the lowest in the primary forest. Plant C and P contents were in the order of plantation forest > primary forest > secondary forest, and plant N content was the highest in the plantation forest and the lowest in the primary forest. Soil N:P,C:P and plant C:P ratios were significantly higher in the primary forest than in the other two forest types. There were no significant difference for the soil C:N ratio among the three forest types. Plant N:P ratio was the highest in the secondary forest and the lowest in the plantation forest. Plant C:N ratio was in the order of primary forest > plantation forest > secondary forest. There were significantly positive linear correlations between N and P contents, C:N and C:P ratios, C:P and N:P ratios of arbor leaves in the different forest types, and significant negative linear correlations between plant C:N and N:P ratios, and between soil C:N and N:P ratios. There were no significant correlations between plant and soil C, N, P contents and C:P ratio, suggesting that the supply of C, N and P from soil had little influence on plant C, N and P contents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The stoichiometric properties of plant carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) and their relationships with soil were studied in six dominant plant communities in three forest types, i.e., plantation forest, secondary forest and primary forest in depressions between karst hills, southwest China. The C, N and P contents of both plant and soil had significant differences among the different forest types. Soil C and N contents were the highest in the secondary forest and the lowest in the plantation forest. Soil P content was the highest in the plantation forest and the lowest in the primary forest. Plant C and P contents were in the order of plantation forest > primary forest > secondary forest, and plant N content was the highest in the plantation forest and the lowest in the primary forest. Soil N:P,C:P and plant C:P ratios were significantly higher in the primary forest than in the other two forest types. There were no significant difference for the soil C:N ratio among the three forest types. Plant N:P ratio was the highest in the secondary forest and the lowest in the plantation forest. Plant C:N ratio was in the order of primary forest > plantation forest > secondary forest. There were significantly positive linear correlations between N and P contents, C:N and C:P ratios, C:P and N:P ratios of arbor leaves in the different forest types, and significant negative linear correlations between plant C:N and N:P ratios, and between soil C:N and N:P ratios. There were no significant correlations between plant and soil C, N, P contents and C:P ratio, suggesting that the supply of C, N and P from soil had little influence on plant C, N and P contents.