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Integrating photocatalytic CO2 reduction with selective benzyl alcohol (BA) oxidation in one photoredox reaction system is a promising way for the simultaneous utilization of photogenerated electrons and holes. Herein, ZnmIn2S3+m (m = 1–5) semiconductors (ZnIn2S4, Zn2In2S5, Zn3In2S6, Zn4In2S7, and Zn5In2S8) with various composition faults were synthesized via a simple hydrothermal method and used for effective selective dehydrocoupling of benzyl alcohol into high-value C–C coupling products and reduction of CO2 into syngas under visible light. The absorption edge of ZnmIn2S3+m samples shifted to shorter wavelengths as the atomic ratio of Zn/In was increased. The conduction band and valence band position can be adjusted by changing the Zn/In ratio, resulting in controllable photoredox ability for selective BA oxidation and CO2 reduction. For example, the selectivity of benzaldehyde (BAD) product was reduced from 76% (ZnIn2S4, ZIS1) to 27% (Zn4In2S7, ZIS4), while the selectivity of hydrobenzoin (HB) was increased from 22% to 56%. Additionally, the H2 formation rate on ZIS1 (1.6 mmol/g/h) was 1.6 times higher than that of ZIS4 (1.0 mmol/g/h), and the CO formation rate on ZIS4 (0.32 mmol/g/h) was three times higher than that of ZIS1 (0.13 mmol/g/h), demonstrating that syngas with different H2/CO ratios can be obtained by controlling the Zn/In ratio in ZnmIn2S3+m. This study provides new insights into unveiling the relationship of structure–property of ZnmIn2S3+m layered crystals, which are valuable for implementation in a wide range of environment and energy applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Gelatin microspheres were discussed as a scaffold material for bone tissue engineering, with the advantages of its porosity, biodegradability, biocompatibility, and biosafety highlighted. This review discusses how bone regeneration is aided by the three fundamental components of bone tissue engineering-seed cells, bioactive substances, and scaffold materials-and how gelatin microspheres can be employed for in vitro seed cell cultivation to ensure efficient expansion. This review also points out that gelatin microspheres are advantageous as drug delivery systems because of their multifunctional nature, which slows drug release and improves overall effectiveness. Although gelatin microspheres are useful for bone tissue creation, the scaffolds that take into account their porous structure and mechanical characteristics might be difficult to be created. This review then discusses typical techniques for creating gelatin microspheres, their recent application in bone tissue engineering, as well as possible future research directions. more...