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19. The influence of the union on working hours, wages and employment

Author

Yu, Zhi-Peng

Subjects
331
Abstract

The presence of a trade union has been recognized to have a notable impact on the determination of wages and employment. More recently economists have began to study the influence of unions on hours of work. The purpose of this thesis is to study theoretically and empirically union influence on bargaining outcomes, and particularly on hours of work. I explore these ideas using an establishment level survey data within the UK electrical engineering industry from 1979 to 1984, which covers a recessionary period. Chapter 1 of this thesis provides a brief introduction and how the thesis has been organized. Chapter 2 is a survey study of unionism and hours of work. The main difference of this survey to others is that, rather than generally exploring all the union bargaining models, the focus here is on modelling a union's influence on working hours, and providing a summary of the empirical finding in the literature. Chapter 3 studies the effect of union bargaining on working hours in different union-management bargaining frameworks. Three kinds of bargaining scenario are presented: two Right-to-Manage models and one Efficient Bargaining Model. The comparative statics show that higher union bargaining power leads to lower working hours and a higher wage rate in all the models. The employment effect is ambiguous, and depends on the bargaining framework and the value of other variables. Also a comparison of this paper with other literature has been provided. Chapter 4 is an empirical study of union's influence on hours using the survey data. Chapter 5 studies the union and firm size effects on wage rates. The firm size effect on the wage rate is found to differ in the union and non-union sectors. In the union sector, the influence of size on wages is negligible or even negative. However in the non-union sector, wages increase with firm size for manual workers. The union wage differential is larger during the recessionary phase of our sample. By decomposing the union wage differential, various factors have been found to contribute differently to it, and unemployment is one of the most significant factors.

Published
2001

25. Effects of Rainfall on Mechanical Behaviors of Residual-Soil Landslide

Author

He, Yong, Yu, Zhi-Peng, Zhang, Zhao, Chen, Bin, and Zhang, Ke-Neng

Subjects
General Earth and Planetary Sciences
Abstract

Rainfall-induced landslides commonly occur in residual-soil layers of Chenzhou city, China. Slope failure induced by rainfall is intimately related to changes in the mechanical property and microstructures of residual soils. In this study, series of direct shear tests were respectively conducted on four typical residual soils from the area of Chenzhou to study influences of rainwater on their mechanical behaviors. Meanwhile, X-ray diffraction (XRD) tests and scanning electron microscope (SEM) tests were also performed to investigate microstructure characteristic of several types of soils. Experimental results revealed that the shear strength of soils decreased with increasing water content and its development trends were obviously influenced by the types of residual soils. Meanwhile, the shear strength of soils increased with the increase of vertical loads, and the relationship between them could be well expressed by a linear function. As water content increased, the calculated cohesions and internal friction angles both decreased. XRD observations implied that several residual soils showed rich clay minerals, including pyrophyllite, illite, kaolinite and montmorillonite, etc. Microstructures of these soils presented a sheet-structure system which was composed of various-sized clay particles. During hydration, these clay minerals gradually transferred from a face-face arrangement to face-edge or even edge-edge one, leading to the softening of clay particles and the reduction of the contact force between soil particles.

Published
2022

27. Application of Step Design Method to Realize the Synchronization of Genesio Chaotic System

Author

Yu Zhi Peng

Subjects
Chaos, Genesio system, stepping design method, synchronization, Technology (General), T1-995
Abstract

In this paper, the synchronization of Genesio chaotic system is discussed. Based on the nonlinear cascaded system’s stabilization theory and the time-limited stabilization theory, the controlled input step is designed. The simulation proves that step method is able to simplify Genesio chaotic system. The synchronization of Genesio chaotic system is realized

Published
2013

35. [Role of P2X7 receptor in osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells]

Author

Yu-Zhi, Peng, Song-Jiang, Tang, Xiao-Jing, Li, Sheng-Ke, Zhao, and Bao-Zhen, Liu

Subjects
China, Osteogenesis, Periodontal Ligament, Stem Cells, Humans, Receptors, Purinergic P2X7
Abstract

To investigate the role of P2X7 receptor (P2X7r) in osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs).hPDLSCs were isolated from the premolars collected in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, and divided into four groups. Group A was cultured in conventional medium, group B was cultured in osteogenic induction medium, group C was cultured in osteogenic induction medium + 100 nmol/L adenosine triphosphate (ATP) solution, and group D was cultured in osteogenic induction medium + 100 nmol/L P2X7 receptor specific antagonist KN-62. After 7 days, alizarin red staining was used to observe the osteogenic effect of hPDLSCs in each group. The mRNA expression of osteocalcin (OCN), RUNX2 and P2X7r in hPDLSCs was detected by real-time PCR reaction (RT-PCR). The data were processed by SPSS 22.0 software package.Alisarin red staining showed that the morphology of hPDLSCs cells in group B and group C was significantly changed. The pale calcified nodules in group C were significantly more than those in group B, while very few calcified nodules were found in group A and group D. The mRNA expression of OCN, RUNX2 and P2X7r in hPDLSCs were the highest in group C, followed by group B(P0.05), and no difference was found between group A and group D(P0.05).P2X7 receptor can promote osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells after being activated by ATP, which may provide a new direction for clinical treatment of periodontitis.

Published
2020

37. Post-COVID-19 Epidemic: Allostatic Load among Medical and Nonmedical Workers in China

Author

Peng, Mao, primary, Wang, Li, additional, Xue, Qing, additional, Yin, Lu, additional, Zhu, Bo-heng, additional, Wang, Kun, additional, Shangguan, Fang-fang, additional, Zhang, Pei-ran, additional, Niu, Yan-yan, additional, Zhang, Wen-rui, additional, Zhao, Wen-feng, additional, Wang, Huang, additional, Lv, Jing, additional, Song, Hai-qing, additional, Min, Bao-quan, additional, Leng, Hai-xia, additional, Jia, Yu, additional, Chang, Hong, additional, Yu, Zhi-peng, additional, Tian, Qing, additional, Yang, Yuan, additional, Zhu, Zhou, additional, Li, Wei, additional, Gao, Xiao-ling, additional, Liu, Xiao-lei, additional, Yang, Mei, additional, Wang, Ping, additional, Wei, Peng-hu, additional, Wang, Chun-xue, additional, Li, Jin-na, additional, Jia, Long-bin, additional, Huang, Xiao-min, additional, Li, Dong-ning, additional, Xu, Dong-juan, additional, Deng, Yun-long, additional, Si, Tian-mei, additional, Dong, Hui-qing, additional, Wang, Yu-ping, additional, Cosci, Fiammetta, additional, and Wang, Hong-xing, additional

Published
2020
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41. The metabotropic glutamate receptor 2/3 antagonist LY341495 improves working memory in adult mice following juvenile social isolation

Author

Zhang, Xiao-Qin, primary, Jiang, He-Jia, additional, Xu, Le, additional, Yang, Si-Yu, additional, Wang, Gao-Zhe, additional, Jiang, Hong-De, additional, Wu, Teng, additional, Du, Han, additional, Yu, Zhi-Peng, additional, Zhao, Qi-Qi, additional, Ling, Yu, additional, Zhang, Zhong-Yu, additional, and Shen, Hao-Wei, additional

Published
2020
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49. Post-COVID-19 Epidemic: Allostatic Load among Medical and Nonmedical Workers in China.

Author

Peng, Mao, Wang, Li, Xue, Qing, Yin, Lu, Zhu, Bo-heng, Wang, Kun, Shangguan, Fang-fang, Zhang, Pei-ran, Niu, Yan-yan, Zhang, Wen-rui, Zhao, Wen-feng, Wang, Huang, Lv, Jing, Song, Hai-qing, Min, Bao-quan, Leng, Hai-xia, Jia, Yu, Chang, Hong, Yu, Zhi-peng, and Tian, Qing

Subjects
MEDICAL personnel, COVID-19 pandemic, PSYCHOLOGY of the sick, PSYCHOLOGICAL distress, EPIDEMICS, HOSTILITY, SOMATIZATION disorder
Abstract

Background: As the fight against the COVID-19 epidemic continues, medical workers may have allostatic load. Objective: During the reopening of society, medical and nonmedical workers were compared in terms of allostatic load. Methods: An online study was performed; 3,590 Chinese subjects were analyzed. Socio-demographic variables, allostatic load, stress, abnormal illness behavior, global well-being, mental status, and social support were assessed. Results: There was no difference in allostatic load in medical workers compared to nonmedical workers (15.8 vs. 17.8%; p = 0.22). Multivariate conditional logistic regression revealed that anxiety (OR = 1.24; 95% CI 1.18–1.31; p < 0.01), depression (OR = 1.23; 95% CI 1.17–1.29; p < 0.01), somatization (OR = 1.20; 95% CI 1.14–1.25; p < 0.01), hostility (OR = 1.24; 95% CI 1.18–1.30; p < 0.01), and abnormal illness behavior (OR = 1.49; 95% CI 1.34–1.66; p < 0.01) were positively associated with allostatic load, while objective support (OR = 0.84; 95% CI 0.78–0.89; p < 0.01), subjective support (OR = 0.84; 95% CI 0.80–0.88; p < 0.01), utilization of support (OR = 0.80; 95% CI 0.72–0.88; p < 0.01), social support (OR = 0.90; 95% CI 0.87–0.93; p < 0.01), and global well-being (OR = 0.30; 95% CI 0.22–0.41; p < 0.01) were negatively associated. Conclusions: In the post-COVID-19 epidemic time, medical and nonmedical workers had similar allostatic load. Psychological distress and abnormal illness behavior were risk factors for it, while social support could relieve it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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