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Background The existing family doctor team performance appraisal system is lack of incentive effect, which has hindered the quality development of contracted family doctor services. However, the performance appraisal system based on family doctor teams includes two processes of "primary distribution" and "secondary distribution", which is more capable of mobilizing the work motivation of the family doctor team members. At present, there is a lack of performance evaluation indicator systems for family doctor assistants and public health physicians, although these two groups of people play an important role in the family doctor team. Objective To construct "secondary distribution" indicator system of family doctor team performance based on contracted service fee, with regard to the roles of family doctor assistants and public health physicians. Methods The draft of the "secondary distribution" indicator system of family doctor team performance was preliminarily formulated through literature analysis and semi-structured interview. On the basis of the draft, an expert consultation questionnaire was designed, and two rounds of expert consultation were implemented and completed from October 2021 to April 2022 to develop the "secondary distribution" indicator system of family doctor team performance based on contracted service fee was established. Results The recovery rates of the two rounds of expert consultation questionnaires was 100.0%. For the secondary distribution system of family doctor assistants and public health physicians, the authority coefficient for the first round of correspondence was 0.742 2 and 0.742 0, respectively. Finally, the "secondary distribution" indicator system of family physician assistants, including 3 first-level and 10 second-level indicators, and the "secondary distribution" indicator system of public health physicians, including 3 first-level and 13 second-level indicators, were constructed. Conclusion The final "secondary distribution" indicator system of family physician assistants with 3 primary indicators and 10 secondary indicators and "secondary distribution" indicator system of public health physicians with 3 primary indicators and 13 secondary indicators is logical and scientific to a certain extent, reflecting the labor value of family doctor assistants and public health doctors in the family doctor team in providing contracted services, which is conducive to the special incentive function of contracted service fee and needs to be optimized and improved in the actual assessment in the future.

Background The family doctor contract service is being vigorously promoted. Compared with the individual performance appraisal scheme, the performance appraisal scheme based on the family doctor team including the two processes of "first distribution" and "secondary distribution" is more capable of mobilizing the work motivation of family doctor team members, thus improving service efficiency and quality. Objective To develop the "first distribution" indicator system of family doctor team performance based on contract service fee. Methods The draft of the "first distribution" indicator system of family doctor team performance was preliminarily formulated through literature analysis and semi-structured interviews. On the basis of the draft, an expert consultation questionnaire was designed, and two rounds of expert consultation were implemented and completed from October 2021 to April 2022 to develop the "first distribution" indicator system of family doctor team performance based on contract service fee. Results The recovery rate of the two rounds of expert consultation questionnaires was 100.0%. The authority coefficient of the first round of correspondence was 0.761 6, and the Kendall coordination coefficients of the two rounds of consultations were 0.067 (P

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is one of the most abundant chemical modifications on mRNA in eukaryotes. RNA-binding proteins containing the YT521-B (YTH) domain play crucial roles in post-transcriptional regulation of plant growth, development, and stress response by reading the m6A mark. However, the YTH domain-containing RNA-binding protein family has not been studied in a valuable and medicinal tree such as Cinnamomum camphora (C. camphora) yet. In this study, we identified 10 YTH genes in C. camphora, located on eight out of 12 chromosomes. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that these genes can be classified into two major classes, YTHDF (CcDF) and YTHDC (CcDC). Closely related CcYTHs within the same class exhibited a similar distribution of conserved motifs and domain organization, suggesting functional similarities among these closely related CcYTHs. All CcYTH proteins possessed a highly conserved YTH domain, with CcDC1A containing an additional CCCH domain. The liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) predictions indicate that CcDC1A, CcDF1A, CcDF1C, CcDF3C, CcDF4C, and CcDF5C may undergo phase transitions. Quantitative expression analysis revealed that tissue-specific expression was observed fo CcYTHs. Notably, there were two genes, CcDF1A and CcDF5C; both exhibited significantly higher expression levels in various tissues than other genes, indicating that the m6A-YTH regulatory network in C. camphora might be quite distinct from that in most plants such as Arabidopsis thaliana (A. thaliana) with only one abundant YTH protein. According to the analysis of the up-stream cis-regulatory elements of these YTH genes, these genes could be closely related to stress, hormones, and development. The following stress response experiments further verified that their expression levels indeed changed under both PEG and NaCl treatments. These findings not only provide a foundation for future functional analysis of CcYTHs in C. camphora, but also provide insights into the functions of epigenetic mark m6A in forest trees. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Antiretroviral drugs are being tried as candidates for the pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) against HIV for a considerable period, due to their potential for immediate inhibition of viral replication. Discrepancies in the findings called for a critical review of the relevant efforts and their outcomes. A systematic literature search identified 143 eligible articles of which only 5 reported complete findings while another 11 were still on-going. Observed moderate efficacy and good safety profile seemed to identify PrEP as a promising step for minimizing the spread of HIV to relatively unaffected population and controlling the epidemic among high risk population groups. But the duration of this efficacy was found to depend heavily on the availability, adherence and other related issues like cost, political commitment, ethical consideration etc. To prevent potential cultural and behavioral modifications, proper pre-administration counseling also seemed critical for the success of PrEP as a cost-effective intervention with adequate coverage.

Objective The study aim was to evaluate the knowledge and attitudes of hospital health personnel toward translational medicine. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional survey from July 2013 to September 2013 with a representative sample of 1690 health personnel from 13 large comprehensive or specialized hospitals in Shanghai, China. Results The results showed that awareness of and attitudes toward translational medicine significantly differed by gender, age, highest level of education, profession, and professional rank. Health personnel showed a highly positive attitude toward translational medicine; however, their knowledge of translational medicine was low. Conclusion Effective measures are needed to improve health personnel’s awareness of and attitudes toward translational medicine.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the risk factors for chronic diseases and to identify the potential influencing mechanisms from the perspectives of lifestyle and dietary factors. The findings could provide updated and innovative evidence for the prevention and control of chronic diseases. Design: A cross-sectional study. Setting: Shanghai, China. Participants: 1005 adults from Yangpu district of Shanghai participated in the study, and responded to questions on dietary habits, lifestyle and health status. Results: Residents suffering from chronic diseases accounted for about 34·99 % of the respondents. Logistic regression analysis showed that age, diet quality, amount of exercise and tea drinking were related to chronic diseases. Age > 60 and overeating (Diet Balance Index total score > 0) had negative additive interaction on the occurrence of chronic disease, while overexercise (Physical Activity Index > 17·1) and tea drinking had negative multiplicative interaction and negative additive interaction on the occurrence of chronic disease. Diet quality, physical activity and tea drinking were incomplete mediators of the relationship between types of medical insurance residents participating in and chronic diseases. Conclusions: The residents in Yangpu District of Shanghai have a high prevalence of chronic diseases. Strengthening access of residents to health education and interventions to prevent chronic diseases and cultivating healthy eating and exercise habits of residents are crucial. The nutritional environment of the elderly population should be considered, and the reimbursement level of different types of medical insurance should be designed reasonably to improve the accessibility of medical and health services and reduce the risk of chronic diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]