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Mecobalamin is commonly used in the adjuvant intervention of various peripheral nerve injuries. Actin cytoskeleton plays a role in the regeneration of myelin and axon. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the possibility of mecobalamin regulating actin cytoskeleton in repairing nerve injury. In this study, a crush injury on the right sciatic nerve of two groups of rats (12 in each group) was established. The control group was only given normal saline (i.g.), and the intervention group was given mecobalamin 1 mg/kg (i.g.). The rats were sacrificed on 28th day and the injured nerves were collected for proteomics. The result shows that regulation of actin cytoskeleton pathway changed significantly. The expression of protein Vav1 was verified by Western blot and immunofluorescence. In the intervention group, the nerve fiber structure was complete, the axons were dense and symmetrical, and the myelin sheath was compact and uniform in thickness. The positive rate of myelin basic protein and [beta]III-tubulin was higher than that in the control group. The findings of the study show that mecobalamin regulates the actin cytoskeleton in the repair of nerve damage and upregulates Vav1 in the regulation of actin cytoskeleton pathway. Key words: mecobalamin, proteomics, Vav1, actin cytoskeleton, neuroregeneration La mecobalamine est couramment utilisee comme adjuvant dans diverses lesions des nerfs peripheriques. Le cytosquelette d'actine joue un role dans la regenerescence de la myeline et de l'axone. Par consequent, cette etude avait pour but d'explorer la possibilite que la mecobalamine participe a la regulation du cytosquelette d'actine dans la reparation des lesions nerveuses. Dans cette etude, nous avons produit des lesions par ecrasement du nerf sciatique droit dans deux groupes de rats (12 dans chaque groupe). Chez les temoins, nous avons uniquement administre une solution saline par voie intragastrique (i.g.), et le groupe de traitement a recu de la mecobalamine a 1 mg/kg (i.g.). Les rats ont ete euthanasies au 28e jour et nous avons preleve les nerfs leses aux fins d'analyses proteomiques. Les resultats montrent que la regulation de la voie de signalisation du cytosquelette d'actine se modifiait de facon marquee. Nous avons verifie l'expression de la proteine Vav1 a l'aide de l'immunobuvardage de Western et de l'immunofluorescence. Dans le groupe de traitement, la structure des fibres nerveuses etait complete, les axones etaient denses et symetriques, et la gaine de myeline etait compacte et d'epaisseur uniforme. Le taux de positivite de la proteine basique de la myeline (PBM) et de la tubuline [beta]III etait plus eleve que chez les temoins. Les resultats de l'etude montrent que la mecobalamine participe a la regulation du cytosquelette d'actine dans la reparation des lesions nerveuse et qu'elle entraine une regulation a la hausse de la proteine Vav1 dans la regulation de la voie de signalisation du cytosquelette d'actine. [Traduit par la Redaction] Mots-cles : mecobalamine, proteomique, Vav1, cytosquelette d'actine, neuroregenerescence, 1. Introduction Mecobalamin is a derivative of vitamin B12, which has a strong affinity for nerve tissue (Scalabrino and Peracchi 2006). Mecobalamin can promote the metabolism of nucleic acid, protein, [...]

Rehmannia glutinosa is widely recognized as a prominent medicinal herb employed by practitioners across various generations for the purpose of fortifying kidney yin. Within Rehmannia glutinosa, the compound known as catalpol (CAT) holds significant importance as a bioactive constituent. However, the protective effects of CAT on kidneys, including ameliorative effects on chronic kidney disease — most prominently renal anemia and renal fibrosis — have not been clearly defined. In this study, the kidney injury model of NRK-52E cells and C57BL/6N male mice was prepared by exposure to aristolochic acid I (AA-I), and it was discovered that CAT could ameliorate oxidative stress injury, inflammatory injury, apoptosis, renal anemia, renal fibrosis, and other renal injuries both in vivo and in vitro. Further treatment of NRK-52E cells with Nrf2 inhibitors (ML385) and activators (ML334), as well as NF-κB inhibitors (PDTC), validated CAT's ability to target Nrf2 activation. Furthermore, the expression of phosphorylated NF-κB p65, IL-6, and Cleaved-Caspase3 protein was inhibited. CAT also inhibited NF-κB, and then inhibited the expression of IL-6, p-STAS3, TGF-β1 protein. Therefore, CAT can regulate Nrf2/NF-κB signaling pathway, significantly correct renal anemia and renal fibrosis, and is conducive to the preservation of renal structure and function, thus achieving a protective effect on the kidneys. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Our aim was to evaluate the clinical effect and feasibility of immediate implant placement combined with flap surgery with no bone grafting and non-submerged healing in the maxillary molar area. Thirty-five patients with failed single teeth in the molar area were selected. After minimally invasive extraction of the tooth, the flaps were elevated, and an implant inserted immediately; thereafter a healing abutment was connected. The mucoperiosteal flaps were sutured around the abutment without tension, and a permanent repair was performed six months later. During the study period, the implant survival rate, cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) data, torque value, and the results of a subjective satisfaction survey conducted with a visual analogue scale (VAS), were evaluated to assess the procedure's therapeutic effect and feasibility. All 35 teeth were successfully implanted immediately after flap surgery. The mean (SD) torque value was 42.79 (5.70) N∙cm at the time of placement. During the six-month follow up and after one year of restoration, all 35 teeth showed no loosening, shedding of implants and restoration, or inflammation around the site. The mean (SD) value of the bony space around the implant immediately after the operation was 2.47 (0.56) mm. The bony spaces were filled with new bone after six months postoperatively. The mean (SD) VAS for satisfaction was 8.71 (1.05). Immediate implant placement combined with flap surgery without bone grafting and non-submerged healing is feasible for the maxillary molar area and produces a satisfactory clinical effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In yam (Dioscorea spp) species, bulbils at leaf axils are the most striking species-specific axillary structure and exhibit important ecological niches. Genetic regulation underlying bulbil growth remains largely unclear so far. Here, we characterize yam (Dioscorea alata L.) bulbil development using histological analysis, and perform full transcriptional profiling on key developmental stages together with phytohormone analyses. Using the stage-specific scoring algorithm, we have identified 3451 stage-specifically expressed genes that exhibit a tight link between major transcriptional changes and stages. Co-expressed gene clusters revealed an obvious over-representation of genes associated with cell division and expansion at the initiation stage of bulbils (T1). Transcriptional changes of hormone-related genes highly coincided with hormone levels, indicating that bulbil initiation and growth are coordinately controlled by multiple phytohormones. In particular, localized auxin is transiently required to trigger bulbil initiation, and be further depleted or exported from bulbils to promote growth by up-regulation of genes involved in auxinconjugation and efflux. The sharp increase in supply of sucrose and an enhanced trehalose-6-phophate pathway at T1 were observed, suggesting that sucrose probably functions as a key signal and promotes bulbil initiation. Analysis of the expression of transcription factors (TFs) predicated 149 TFs as stage-specifically expressed; several T1-specific TFs (from Aux/IAA, E2F, MYB, and bHLH families) have been shown to play key roles in triggering bulbil formation. Together, our work provides a crucial angle for in-depth understanding of the molecular programs underlying yam's unique bulbil development processes. Stage-specific gene sets can be queried to obtain key candidates regulating bulbil growth, serving as valuable resources for further functional research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study was to investigate the effect of wild chrysanthemum water decoction on expression of hypothalamic CRH mRNA and serum levels of ACTH and CORT in immune stress broiler chicks. Test was divided into blank group, control group and Astragalus group including low,medium and high dose groups. Astragalus group was drank Chinese medicine decoction sooner or later two times for 7 days. The doses of low,medium and high dose groups were respectively 0.5,1 and 1.5 g per bird per day. Control and Astragalus groups were vaccinated with 10 Newcastle disease I vaccine (NDV I) by inteamuscular injection on 32-day-old to cause experimental immunological stress, at the same time, blank group injected with equivalent saline. Each group randomly selected eight chickens to collect blood by the heart and take hypothalamus after immunization 1,3,5,7,14,21 days. The content of ACTH and CORT were measured by the double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay step (ELISA) . The expression of CRH mRNA was measured by real-time quantitative PCR. The results showed that control group has a significantl increase in the expression of CRH mRNA and the content of ACTH and CORT after the immunity of 10 NDVI, displaying experimental immunological stress. The mitigative effect of low dose group is not obvious ,but the medium and high dose groups have a good effect on alleviating the immune stress. In conclusion,the harge dose of NDVI can caused experimental immunological stress,and a suitable dose of astragalus water decoction can relieve it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Several molecular markers, such as NPM1, FLT3 and CEBPA, have been incorporated into both the World Health Organization and European LeukemiaNet classifications as routine assessments for the diagnosis and evaluation of prognostic significance in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Lipocalin 2 ( LCN2) is related to cancer development and is believed to be associated with the outcome of cytogenetically normal (CN)-AML. In the present study, we analyzed the prognostic effects and interactions of LCN2 expression (by molecular analysis, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction [qRT-PCR]) with neucleophosmin 1, fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 ( FLT3) and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha mutations in 85 patients with CN-AML receiving intensive induction chemotherapy. Our results indicate that patients with higher LCN2 mRNA expression in the bone marrow ( LCN2high), especially in combination with wild type FLT3-ITD, had better prognoses. FLT3-ITD compensated LCN2-overexpression-enhanced oxidative stress-induced apoptosis in cell line studies. In conclusion, LCN2high was associated with better prognosis, and FLT3 status had an adjuvant effect on overall survival. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) templates with highly ordered nanoporous structure were fabricated by means of the electrochemical anodization under the constant anodic voltage and electrolyte temperature. The dependence of the ordering degree of nanopores on the point defects, dislocation configuration and grain boundary of aluminum is qualitatively analyzed. Experiment results show that the size of the ordered region of nanopores depends strongly on the point defects, dislocation cell configuration. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: By adding Si3N4 to the Eu-, Mn-doped Ba3MgSi2O8 upon firing, the formation of a new phase, Ba2SiO4, and its resultant variation of luminescent properties are investigated to compensate the green-light-emission for full-color. Upon addition of Si3N4, a ∼507-nm peaked band emission of Eu in Ba2SiO4 was induced in coexistence with the concurrent blue-, and red-light-emissions of Eu and Mn in Ba3MgSi2O8. Amount of each phase and as such the transfer of energy in between can be tuned by varying the amount of Si3N4 added, resulting in an interactive change of intensity in between Eu for blue-, green-band-transitions and Mn for red-band-transition in two different phases, due to the indirect contribution of Si3N4 to the formation of Ba2SiO4 and red-shift of photoluminescence. Consequently, white-light with CIE chromaticity coordinate (0.2605, 0.3084) at an optimized amount of Si3N4 has been achieved with this nitride-added adjustable strategy. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Aim: To evaluate the value of S-Detect (a computer aided diagnosis system using deep learning) in breast ultrasound (US) for discriminating benign and malignant breast masses.Material and Methods: A literature search was performed and relevant studies using S-Detect for the differential diagnosis of breast masses were selected. The quality of included studies was assessed using a Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS) questionnaire. Two review authors independently searched the articles and assessed the eligibility of the reports.Results: A total of ten studies were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled estimates of sensitivity and specificity were 0.82 (95%CI: 0.77-0.87) and 0.86 (95%CI: 0.76-0.92), respectively. In addition, the diagnostic odds ratios, positive likelihood ratio and negative likelihood ratio were 28 (95%CI: 16- 49), 5.7 (95%CI: 3.4-9.5), and 0.21 (95%CI: 0.16-0.27), respectively. Area under the curve was 0.89 (95%CI: 0.86-0.92). No significant publication bias was observed.Conclusions: S-Detect exhibited a favourable diagnostic value in assisting physicians discriminating benign and malignant breast masses and it can be considered as a useful complement for conventional US. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous studies showed that acetyl-11-keto-beta-boswellic acid (AKBA), the active ingredient in the natural Chinese medicine Boswellia, can stimulate sciatic nerve injury repair via promoting Schwann cell proliferation. However, the underlying molecular mechanism remains poorly understood. In this study, we performed genomic sequencing in a rat model of sciatic nerve crush injury after gastric AKBA administration for 30 days. We found that the phagosome pathway was related to AKBA treatment, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression in the neurotrophic factor signaling pathway was also highly up-regulated. We further investigated gene and protein expression changes in the phagosome pathway and neurotrophic factor signaling pathway. Myeloperoxidase expression in the phagosome pathway was markedly decreased, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor, nerve growth factor, and nerve growth factor receptor expression levels in the neurotrophic factor signaling pathway were greatly increased. Additionally, expression levels of the inflammatory factors CD68, interleukin-1β, pro-interleukin-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-α were also decreased. Myelin basic protein- and β3-tubulin-positive expression as well as the axon diameter-to-total nerve diameter ratio in the injured sciatic nerve were also increased. These findings suggest that, at the molecular level, AKBA can increase neurotrophic factor expression through inhibiting myeloperoxidase expression and reducing inflammatory reactions, which could promote myelin sheath and axon regeneration in the injured sciatic nerve., Competing Interests: None