Search

An electrochemical sensor was developed for the detection of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), utilizing the synergistic effects of graphene (Gr) and MOF-on-MOF nanozymes (FeCu-NZs). Initially, Fe-MOF with peroxide-like activity is synthesized using a solvothermal method. Subsequently, the organic ligand on its surface binds Cu2+, enhancing the enzyme-like activity further. The resulting FeCu-NZs exhibit a distinctive electrochemical signal in response to H2O2. Moreover, integrating FeCu-NZs with Gr significantly amplifies the electrochemical signal and effectively reduces the sensor's detection limit. The developed sensor exhibited linear ranges of 0.1–3800 μM, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.06 μM. Additionally, FeCu-NZs catalyze H2O2 to generate abundant •OH radicals, and colorimetric detection of H2O2 is facilitated using the color rendering principle of 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB). Notably, this detection method was applied to determine H2O2 concentrations in real samples, achieving a recovery exceeding 95.7%. In summary, this research provides a practical platform for the construction of traditional nanozymes and the integration of electrochemical systems, which have broad applications in food analysis, environmental monitoring, and medical diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This study was intended to identify potentially target genes and underlying biological pathway of sanguinarine in ovarian cancer. Methods: We obtained the expression changes of downstream target genes and underlying biological pathways regulated by control and sanguinarine groups via Affymetrix gene expression profile chip in ovarian cancer cells. An Affymetrix Genechip Agilent mRNA Array was used to recognize differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Afterward, gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses were performed for the DEGs using the DAVID database. Results: A total of 1185 DEGs between sanguinarine and control groups were identified, including 835 upregulated and 350 downregulated DEGs. The result of GO analysis recommended that the DEGs were mostly enriched in biological processes, including negative regulation of gene expression, nitrogen compound metabolic process, and transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter. Alterations in cellular components (CC) were suggestively enriched in the cytoskeleton and endoplasmic reticulum. The changes in molecular function were suggestively enriched in nucleic acid-binding transcription factor activity, protein dimerization activity, and enzyme binding. The results of the KEGG pathway analysis indicated that the DEGs were mostly concentrated in "Systemic lupus erythematosus," "MAPK signalling pathway," "Pathways in cancer," and "Metabolic pathways." Conclusion: The present study provided insights into the mechanism underlying sanguinarine target genes in ovarian cancer cells, which might be used as effective targets for OC diagnosis and treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cell‐derived microparticles, which are recognized as nanosized phospholipid bilayer membrane vesicles, have exhibited great potential to serve as drug delivery systems in cancer therapy. However, for the purpose of comprehensive therapy, microparticles decorated with multiple therapeutic components are needed, but effective engineering strategies are limited and still remain enormous challenges. Herein, Bi2Se3 nanodots and doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) co‐embedded tumor cell‐derived microparticles (Bi2Se3/DOX@MPs) are successfully constructed through ultraviolet light irradiation‐induced budding of parent cells which are preloaded with Bi2Se3 nanodots and DOX via electroporation. The multifunctional microparticles are obtained with high controllability and drug‐loading capacity without unfavorable membrane surface destruction, maintaining their excellent intrinsic biological behaviors. Through membrane fusion cellular internalization, Bi2Se3/DOX@MPs show enhanced cellular internalization and deepened tumor penetration, resulting in extreme cell damage in vitro without considering endosomal escape. Because of their distinguished photothermal performance and tumor homing target capability, Bi2Se3/DOX@MPs exhibit admirable dual‐modal imaging capacity and outstanding tumor suppression effect. Under 808 nm laser irradiation, intravenous injection of Bi2Se3/DOX@MPs into H22 tumor‐bearing mice results in remarkably synergistic antitumor efficacy by combining photothermal therapy with low‐dose chemotherapy in vivo. Furthermore, the negligible hemolytic activity, considerable metabolizability, and low systemic toxicity of Bi2Se3/DOX@MPs imply their distinguished biocompatibility and great potential for tumor theranostics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The extent and specifics regarding cognitive dysfunction in patients with bipolar disorder (BD) or major depressive disorder (MDD) and their unaffected first‐degree relatives (FDR) have not been addressed in any single study. The present study compared the cognitive function of patients with BD or MDD, their FDR, and healthy control (HC) individuals. Methods: The study population comprised adults (aged 18–55 years) with BD, adults with MDD, FDR (children or siblings of patients with BD or MDD), and HC (n = 105, 109, 85, and 95, respectively). The Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status was used to assess neurocognitive functions, with five domains and 12 tests. A Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale brief form was applied to evaluate IQ. Status of mood was assessed using the Young Mania Rating Scale and the Hamilton Depression Scale. Results: The mixed model indicated significant variation among the four groups in cognitive function. Cognitive impairments, compared to HC, progressively greater from least to most were found in: FDR, MDD, and BD (F = 32.74, P < 0.001). Years of education correlated with cognitive performance (F = 17.04, P < 0.001), as did IQ (F = 240.63, P < 0.001). The total score for the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression negatively correlated with cognitive function (F = 5.78, P = 0.017). Conclusion: Among the study groups, patients with BD had the most severe deficits, followed by MDD patients and FDR. Cognitive deficits could not be associated with a specific psychiatric disorder, but differences in degree were noted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cell-derived microparticles, which are recognized as nanosized phospholipid bilayer membrane vesicles, have exhibited great potential to serve as drug delivery systems in cancer therapy. However, for the purpose of comprehensive therapy, microparticles decorated with multiple therapeutic components are needed, but effective engineering strategies are limited and still remain enormous challenges. Herein, Bi 2 Se 3 nanodots and doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) co-embedded tumor cell-derived microparticles (Bi 2 Se 3 /DOX@MPs) are successfully constructed through ultraviolet light irradiation-induced budding of parent cells which are preloaded with Bi 2 Se 3 nanodots and DOX via electroporation. The multifunctional microparticles are obtained with high controllability and drug-loading capacity without unfavorable membrane surface destruction, maintaining their excellent intrinsic biological behaviors. Through membrane fusion cellular internalization, Bi 2 Se 3 /DOX@MPs show enhanced cellular internalization and deepened tumor penetration, resulting in extreme cell damage in vitro without considering endosomal escape. Because of their distinguished photothermal performance and tumor homing target capability, Bi 2 Se 3 /DOX@MPs exhibit admirable dual-modal imaging capacity and outstanding tumor suppression effect. Under 808 nm laser irradiation, intravenous injection of Bi 2 Se 3 /DOX@MPs into H22 tumor-bearing mice results in remarkably synergistic antitumor efficacy by combining photothermal therapy with low-dose chemotherapy in vivo. Furthermore, the negligible hemolytic activity, considerable metabolizability, and low systemic toxicity of Bi 2 Se 3 /DOX@MPs imply their distinguished biocompatibility and great potential for tumor theranostics., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest., (© 2019 The Authors. Published by WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.)