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Shuang Li, Niman Li, Linsen Li, Yi Wang, Youshuo Liu, Yanjiao Wang, Junkun Zhan Department of Geriatrics, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Institute of Aging and Age-Related Disease Research, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Yanjiao Wang; Junkun Zhan, Department of Geriatrics, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Institute of Aging and Age-Related Disease Research, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China, Email ls330013@163.com; zhanjunkun@csu.edu.cnBackground: Previous studies suggested protective effects of bilirubin against cardiovascular disease, with a possible gender difference. However, the relationship between serum total bilirubin (TBIL) with diabetic macro- and microvascular complications remains unknown. We aimed to examine the association of macro- and microvascular complications with serum TBIL levels.Methods: Serum TBIL was measured in 648 patients with T2DM. Demographic and clinical data were obtained from the inpatient medical record system. Serum TBIL was measured with an automatic biochemistry analyzer according to routine protocols. Parameters of vascular complications, including ankle-brachial index, carotid intima-media thickness, estimated glomerular filtration rate and the urinary albumin to creatinine ratio, were measured and calculated. The association between TBIL and diabetic macro- and microvascular complications was analyzed.Results: In multivariable logistic regression, after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index and diabetic duration, higher serum TBIL levels were significantly associated with decreased odds of microalbuminuria (OR = 0.31, [95% CI] 0.16– 0.61, P = 0.003) and chronic kidney disease (OR = 0.19, [95% CI] 0.09– 0.41, P < 0.001). These associations were only found in male but not in female patients. However, no significant relationship was found between TBIL and peripheral arterial disease or carotid hypertrophy.Conclusion: Our findings suggest that physiological higher TBIL level might be a protective factor for diabetic microvascular complications.Keywords: total bilirubin, diabetic macrovascular complications, diabetic microvascular complications, gender difference

Introduction:Cognitive frailty can affect elderly in multiple domian which including poor quality of life, dementia, disability even death. Timely intervention may become the main target for primary prevention. This study was to assess the effectiveness of group OEP program for elderly with cognitive frailty.Method:This study was conducted from July 2020 to October 2020. Participants were elderly aged 75-95 years old who lived in nursing homes. Individuals in the study were randomly assigned to Otago Exercise Program(OEP) group (n = 31) and control group (n = 31). Besides sleep and diet-related health education, The intervetion in the OEP gourp consisted of 30-min session, twice a week and 12-week group exercise programme. The physical frailty, cognitive function and activities of daily living(ADL) were used to assess. Results:After intervention, the mean score (SD) of frailty scores in the OEP group VS control group at T1 was (2.03 (0.81)) vs (1.41 (0.98)); At T2 was (2.00 (0.96)) vs (1.17 (1.00)).The mean score (SD) of MOCA scores in the OEP group VS control group at T1 was ( 22.17 (2.99)) vs (20.30 (2.96)); At T2 was (23.45 (3.66) ) vs (19.90 (3.25)). But group effect (p < 0.05) and the interaction effect (p < 0.05) was significant which indicated that the group effects on the frailty score and MOCA score change from baseline differed significantly over time. However, there was no significant group and interaction effect (P>0.05) of ADL scores between the intervention groups. Conclusion:12-week OEP had better outcomes with respect to physical frailty and cognitive function for cognitive frailty elderly,but no effective on ADL.Further studies may also be able to find the OEP scheme on improving ADL.Trial registration: The study was registered in the Chinese Ethics Clinical Trials Registry ( Registration Number - ChiCTR2000039592- Date of Registration 02/11/2020. Accessed on http://www.chictr.org.cn/index.aspx)

Aims and Objectives Quarantine during the COVID‐19 pandemic resulted in longer‐term sedentary behaviours and mental health problems. Our study aimed to evaluate the impact of the Otago exercise programme (OEP) on physical function and mental health among elderly with cognitive frailty during COVID‐19. Background Lockdowns and restrictions during the COVID‐19 pandemic result in longer‐term sedentary behaviours related disease and mental problem. Older people with cognitive frailty are more vulnerable to be influenced. Timely intervention may achieve better outcomes, OEP exercise was designed as a balance and muscle‐strengthening programme for elderly people. Design A parallel‐group, assessor‐blinded randomised controlled trial was performed according to CONSORT guidelines. Methods This study was conducted from July 2020 to October 2020 among 62 elderly people with cognitive frailty from a nursing home. Participants were randomly divided into an OEP group (n = 31) or a control group (n = 31). Both groups received sleep‐ and diet‐related health education. The OEP group also received a 12‐week group exercise programme. The Five Times Sit to Stand Test (FTSST), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), and Timed Up and Go Test (TUGT) were used to assess physical function. The Geriatric Depression Scale‐15 (GDS‐15) and the 12‐Item Short Form Health Survey Mental Component Summary (SF‐12 MCS) were used to assess mental health. Outcomes were measured at 6 and 12 weeks. Results Physical function and mental health were similar in the two groups at baseline. At 12 weeks, the OEP group (difference in change from baseline: FTSST, −2.78; TUGT, −3.73; BBS, 2.17; GDS‐15, −0.72; SF‐12 MCS, 2.58; all p

The pineal gland is a neuroendocrine gland closely related to human aging. Melatonin is a kind of indole neuroendocrine hormone secreted by the pineal gland, which is essential for maintaining physiological function. Many researches found that melatonin plays a key role in anti‐aging‐related cardiovascular diseases. In this paper, the latest advances in the study of melatonin and aging‐related cardiovascular diseases are reviewed, and their related physiological functions and mechanisms are discussed.

Aging is progressive physiological degeneration and consequently declined function, which is linked to senescence on both cellular and organ levels. Accumulating studies indicate that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in cellular senescence at all levels—transcriptional, post‐transcriptional, translational, and post‐translational. Understanding the molecular mechanism of lncRNAs underlying senescence could facilitate interpretation and intervention of aging and age‐related diseases. In this review, we describe categories of known and novel lncRNAs that have been involved in the progression of senescence. We also identify the lncRNAs implicated in diseases arising from age‐driven degeneration or dysfunction in some representative organs and systems (brains, liver, muscle, cardiovascular system, bone pancreatic islets, and immune system). Improved comprehension of lncRNAs in the aging process on all levels, from cell to organismal, may provide new insights into the amelioration of age‐related pathologies and prolonged healthspan.

Additional file 1: Table S1. Correlation analysis of renal function indicators and BMD (stratified by age). Table S2. Correlation analysis of renal function indicators and BMD (stratified by menopausal duration). Table S3. Logistic regression of osteoporosis (stratified by age). Table S4. Logistic regression of osteoporosis (stratified by menopausal duration).

OBJECTIVES Recent studies suggest that serum lipid profiles are related to bone mineral density (BMD). But data about this relationship on Chinese population are scarce. We investigated the relationships between serum lipid and BMD in postmenopausal Chinese women. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in 790 Chinese postmenopausal women. BMDs were measured by dual X-ray absorptiometry. Serum lipid profiles were obtained after a 12-h fasting. RESULTS Women with serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels of at least 1·55 mmol/l had a greater prevalence of osteoporosis compared with women with lower HDL-C (≤1·54 mmol/l). After controlling for age, menopausal duration, body mass index, serum creatinine levels, outdoor activity, smoking and alcohol intake, high HDL-C levels were associated with osteoporosis (OR = 1·64, 95%CI 1·16-2·33, P < 0·01). BMD at femoral neck and total hip was significantly lower in the higher HDL-C class than the lower class (0·722 ± 0·118 vs 0·744 ± 0·120 g/cm(2) , P < 0·01; 0·800 ± 0·126 vs 0·824 ± 0·125 g/cm(2) , P < 0·01, respectively). No association was found between total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) with BMD. CONCLUSIONS In Chinese postmenopausal women, elevated levels of serum HDL-C had a greater probability of being osteoporosis than the lower HDL-C levels. Our analysis showed higher HDL-C level that is favourable for cardiovascular diseases should be regarded as a risk factor for osteoporosis.

Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common digestive system malignancy. The molecular events involved in the development and progression of CRC remain unclear. Recently, more and more evidences have showed that deregulated miRNAs participate in colorectal carcinogenesis. Methods The expression levels of miR-138 were first examined in CRC cell lines and tumor tissues by real-time PCR. The in vitro and in vivo functional effects of miR-138 were examined further. Luciferase reporter assays were conducted to confirm the targeting associations. Kaplan-Meier analysis and log-rank tests were performed to estimate the overall survival and disease free survival rate. Results miR-138 was found to be down-regulated in human colorectal cancer tissues and cell lines. Ectopic expression of miR-138 resulted in a dramatic inhibition of CRC migration and invasion in vitro and in vivo. Twist basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor 2 gene (TWIST2) was identified as one of the functional target. Restoration of miR-138 resulted in a dramatic reduction of the expression of TWIST2 at both mRNA and protein levels by directly targeting its 3′-untranslated region (3′UTR). Up-regulation of TWIST2 was detected in CRC tumors compared with adjacent normal tissues (P Conclusion These data highlight a pivotal role for miR-138 in the regulation of CRC metastasis by targeting TWIST2, and suggest a potential application of miR-138 in prognosis prediction and CRC treatment.