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Chinese characters in ancient books have many corrupted characters, and there are cases in which objects are mixed in the process of extracting the characters into images. To use this incomplete image as accurate data, we use image completion technology, which removes unnecessary objects and restores corrupted images. In this paper, we propose a variational autoencoder with classification (VAE-C) model. This model is characterized by using classification areas and a class activation map (CAM). Through the classification area, the data distribution is disentangled, and then the node to be adjusted is tracked using CAM. Through the latent variable, with which the determined node value is reduced, an image from which unnecessary objects have been removed is created. The VAE-C model can be utilized not only to eliminate unnecessary objects but also to restore corrupted images. By comparing the performance of removing unnecessary objects with mask regions with convolutional neural networks (Mask R-CNN), one of the prevalent object detection technologies, and also comparing the image restoration performance with the partial convolution model (PConv) and the gated convolution model (GConv), which are image inpainting technologies, our model is proven to perform excellently in terms of removing objects and restoring corrupted areas.

The Common Data Model (CDM) is being used to deal with problems caused by the various electronic medical record structures in the distributed hospital information system. The concept of CDM is emerging as a collaborative method of exchanging data from each hospital in the same format and conducting various clinical studies based on shared data. The baseline of a CDM system is centralized with an infrastructure typically controlled by a single entity with full authority. The characteristics of this centralized system can pose serious security issues. Therefore, the proposed SC-CDM system is designed as a platform for distributed ledger and provides data with a high level of confidentiality, security, and scalability. This framework provides a reference model that supports multiple channels, using secure CDM as an encryption method. The data confidentiality of CDM is guaranteed by asymmetric and symmetric protocols. Delivering CDM is protected by a symmetric key signed by the CDM creator and maintains lightweight distributed ledger transactions on Inter Planetary File System (IPFS), which acts as a file share. To deliver an encrypted CDM on the SC-CDM platform, the CDM is encrypted with a block cipher by a random symmetric key and Initialization Vector (IV). The symmetric key protocol is used for the fast encryption of large-capacity data. The SC-CDM is implemented the repository with IPFS for storing the encrypted CDM, in which symmetric key, two hash values, and IV are shared through blockchain. Data confidentiality of SC-CDM is guaranteed by only registered users accessing the data. In conclusion, the SC-CDM is the first approach to demultiplexing with the data confidentiality proof based on asymmetric key cryptography. We analyze and verify the security of SC-CDM by comparing qualitative factors and performance with existing CDM. Moreover, we adopt a byte-level processing method with encryption to ensure efficiency while handling a large CDM.

Among software testing techniques for the detection of software defects, state-transition-based testing which utilizes state diagrams is pretty well known and is being used widely. Such software testing techniques that are based on specifications of a software and perform various tests by utilizing a number of state diagrams are quite well known. According to different testing environment including individuals, applied methods, and the size of a perceived system, the resulting diagrams might highly show the discrepancy regarding some perspectives such as correctness, the quality of representation, and so on. This significantly affects the understanding of a system such that the system under consideration might be interpreted in different ways. The highly complex state diagrams can have a negative effect on the productive and positive utilization of state diagrams in the software system development including the analysis or the state-transition-based test process. Many state diagram-based process conventional approaches for automatic software analysis do not take the complexity problem into deep consideration so much. Moreover, the state diagrams generated by the methods that place a strong emphasis on complexity can generate inappropriate test cases according to the possible misled guidelines or the incorrect objectives. In this paper, we propose methods for resolution of the complexity problem in a state diagram without modification of the states or the transition relationships. In our proposed methods, we provide a representation model in which a software system can be interpreted in the context of a state diagram and an automatic generation method for the proposed representation. We also illustrate a case study for justification of plausibility of the proposed methods.

An ontology is a model language that supports the functions to integrate conceptually distributed domain knowledge and infer relationships among the concepts. Ontologies are developed based on the target domain knowledge. As a result, methodologies to automatically generate an ontology from metadata that characterize the domain knowledge are becoming important. However, existing methodologies to automatically generate an ontology using metadata are required to generate the domain metadata in a predetermined template, and it is difficult to manage data that are increased on the ontology itself when the domain OWL (Ontology Web Language) individuals are continuously increased. The database schema has a feature of domain knowledge and provides structural functions to efficiently process the knowledge-based data. In this paper, we propose a methodology to automatically generate ontologies and manage the OWL individual through an interaction of the database and the ontology. We describe the automatic ontology generation process with example schema and demonstrate the effectiveness of the automatically generated ontology by comparing it with existing ontologies using the ontology quality score.

Requirement-based testing (RBT) is widely known for the efficient testing in the limited resources. However RBT is difficult to generate automatic test cases; thus it needs complex methods. This paper suggests our automatic test case generation for all coverage (statement, condition, decision, condition/decision, modified condition/decision, and multiple condition coverage) based on the model-based testing. To do this, we extend the original control flow graph with multiple conditions for all condition related coverage, which is called multiple conditions control flow graph, and adapt a model transformation using metamodel mechanism for test case generation. As a result, our proposed method successfully applies to the prior test requirement.

The block chain technology is changing rapidly. The block chain guarantees the integrity of the book through a specific consensus of the participants. In the past, the block chain technology had a limited range of applications. However, the use of block chain technology is gradually expanding as smart contracts that can formulate general business logic are mentioned. Already studied the components of smart contracts in other studies and proposed the possibility of extending them on the basis of ontology. And research on securing traceability of smart contract based on ontology has been carried out. However, research on various transactions constituting smart contracts is lacking. In this paper, the constituent elements of smart contract are analyzed and expressed by ontology. And the process of negotiating the components is represented by each transaction. Finally, we construct the component represented by the ontology as XML by including the state information in the transaction. In this way, the smart contract is represented in a formal language that contains state information. It also laid the foundation for a smart contract that can be reused and verified.

Consensus is so important that it has always occupied its crucial position in human society. In particular, the meaning and importance of consensus in democratic society is much more special because it is a social system that operates based on the consensus among people. Up to now, human society has reached consensus by using the majority vote, but it is clear that there are several problems in it. Meanwhile, there are lots of researches which have been carried out so far to develop the appropriate methodology and tools for reaching out consensus. However, these researches suggest that measurement to derive the result is difficult for general purpose in that the evaluation is one-time, and that the trust problem arises from delegating the consensus process to the 3-rd party such as information system is not solved. In this paper, we propose an iterative consensus process which can solve the problems above, and general description about this process is included. The proposed process draws consensus in an iterative way, visualize the information generated from iteration, presents it to the participants, and supports the participants’ consensus through structured discussion. In addition, the trust problem, which occurs when a consensus process is delegated to the information system can be solved with utilizing the blockchain technology by conveying and ensuring the reliability of the result, and this proposed process can adopt it.

In the development of current technology, systems are being used in various fields. The system may be newly configured depending on the environment, and may be added to the existing environment. There are also cases where the systems need to collaborate with each other due to environmental changes. Especially, in real-time systems, it is necessary to cope with continuously changing environment. And, you should check whether the result of the correspondence adversely affects other systems. Recognition requirements engineering has been studied for self-adaptive system configuration. A variety of self-adaptation frameworks have also been studied. Formal verification techniques are also being studied to verify the self-adaptive system. However, there is a lack of research to verify self-adaptive systems based on requirements. In this paper, we propose a self-adaptive system verification scheme using Requirement Diagram and State Diagram used in SysML. Requirement analysis contents are expressed as Requirement Diagram and system state information is displayed as State Diagram to establish the basis for verifying whether the requirements are functionally satisfied. Also, based on the Awareness Requirement, the requirements specification technique is used to provide a basis for expressing non-functional requirements.

As interests in security increases, several software development lifecycle considering security have been proposed. Actual results of applying software development lifecycle considering security reduced threats have been reported. But to apply software development lifecycle considering security, requires expertise and experiences. In this paper a secure software development lifecycle applying integrated secure guide is proposed. Secure Guides such as Misuse Case, Security Patterns and Secure Coding are integrated in the proposed method. And then, by applying integrated Secure Guide in each software development phase, the security becomes available in every phase of software development. Since, proposed secure guide provides more security information than available secure guides, software developer can use more security information while they are developing software. As a result, it is expected that developers could consider security more easily when developing software even though developers lacks expertise in security or experience.

Chart suggestion method provided by various existing data visualization tools makes chart recommendations without considering the user intention. Data visualization is not properly carried out and thus, unclear in some tools because they do not follow the segmented quantitative data classification policy. This paper provides a guideline that clearly classifies the quantitative input data and that effectively suggests charts based on user intention. The guideline is two-fold; the analysis guideline examines the quantitative data and the suggestion guideline recommends charts based on the input data type and the user intention. Following this guideline, we excluded charts in disagreement with the user intention and confirmed that the time user spends in the chart selection process has decreased.

Software vulnerability is the attack surface. Therefore, vulnerabilities innate in software should be detected for software security assurance. Vulnerability detection method can be divided into static vulnerability detection and dynamic vulnerability detection. Static vulnerability detection is more commonly used for vulnerability detection. This method has many benefits, but it also creates false positives. Therefore, this paper proposes a method to combine static and dynamic detection to reduce false positives created from static vulnerability detection. The proposed method verifies the vulnerability by implanting a fault, based on the information received from static code analysis.

Recently, as the functionality of digital image acquisition devices is being improved, the commercial products with the high-performance functionality, such as smart phones and digital cameras, are being considered and utilized as an everyday commodity. As a result, it is natural that the volume of images which are collected from various paths or applications is also being enormously increased. According to this trend, the service platforms and applications, which support the functionalities necessary for image manipulation such as production, archiving and search, naturally demand the efficient management of enormous images either in independent or distributed systems. In such image management systems, an image identifier plays an important role in terms of identification of a particular image. Previous researches have been resolving problems either by applying complex methods that consume quite so much resources or by simple heuristic methods with the potential risk in terms of correspondence problem between identifiers and images. Therefore, the development of efficient and effective methods for the problem needs to be studied. In this paper, we propose a method to construct indexing of images utilizing the concept of the luminance area. The experimental evaluation of the proposed method illustrates that the proposed method satisfies the requirements for the image identification while reducing the processing cost.

With the emergence of various forms of smart devices and new paradigms such as the Internet of Things (IoT) concept, the IT (Information Technology) service areas are expanding explosively compared to the provision of services by single systems. A new system operation concept that has emerged in accordance with such technical trends is the IT ecosystem. The IT ecosystem can be considered a special type of system of systems in which multiple systems with various degrees of autonomy achieve common goals while adapting to the given environment. The single systems that participate in the IT ecosystem adapt autonomously to the current situation based on collected data from sensors. Furthermore, to maintain the services supported by the whole IT ecosystem sustainably, the configuration of single systems that participate in the IT ecosystem also changes appropriately in accordance with the changed situation. In order to support the IT ecosystem, this paper proposes an architecture framework that supports dynamic configuration changes to achieve the goal of the whole IT ecosystem, while ensuring the autonomy of single systems through the collection of data from sensors so as to recognize the situational context of individual participating systems. For the feasibility evaluation of the proposed framework, a simulated example of an IT ecosystem for unmanned forest management was constructed, and the quantitative evaluation results are discussed in terms of the extent to which the proposed architecture framework can continuously provide sustainable services in response to diverse environmental context changes.

With the development of computers, the amount of data is rapidly increasing as it is able to process larger amounts of data than in the past. Data mining technology is finding its way to finding meaningful data in a lot of data. Data mining methods include classification, clustering, and association analysis. In this study, we use apriori algorithm, one of the association rule search methods, to analyze the relationship between mathematics scores and problem solving patterns of students through mathematics test data of students. Through the association rule search, the data belonging to the specific score category were able to analyze the correlation of the solution pattern to the specific problem.

Recently, most of the software is provided in the form of a cloud computing environment or a web application depending on the needs of various user needs and the specialized research field and the individual dependent system. Unlike the past, there is an increasing need for various types of software convergence services that are customized for a user who provides an optional service environment in which a service can be used in combination according to a user's purpose and needs. In particular, a service is provided on a cloud system when a user accessing receives a service access authority for a certain period of time. A process of retrieving the corresponding right when the deadline is expired is performed that various methods of accessing and controlling the system have been devised. In this paper, we define the dynamic roles that access web services assigned users, also can manage user authorities according to each role to provide appropriate service resources to users according to their rights and session information. We have conducted a research on providing an optional cloud software environment to users through the combination and distribution of services that access the system in real - time that configure the dynamic role assigned to each user.

State diagram based IoT Ecosystem's IoT device Conflict problem migration method. IoT provided an environment for controlling the embedded system in the network environment. As the embedded system is connected to the network, adaptation to various environmental changes was required. Self-adaptive systems have been researched to adapt to environmental changes. Also, due to the expansion of the system, concepts for operating the multiple system have emerged. However, studies to verify self-adaptive systems are lacking. In this paper, to verify the self-adaptation of the multiple system, a heterogeneous IoT device constituting the IoT ecosystem is represented by a State Diagram-based System Model. We confirmed the conflict problem between heterogeneous IoT devices through System Model of IoT Device. The conflict problem was migrated through the prioritization of the identified problems according to the environment.

Cloud computing has emerged as more than just a piece of technology, it is rather a new IT paradigm. The philosophy behind cloud computing shares its view with green computing where computing environments and resources are not as subjects to own but as subjects of sustained use. However, converting currently used IT services to Software as a Service (SaaS) cloud computing environments introduces several new risks. To mitigate such risks, existing software development processes must undergo significant remodeling. This study analyzes actual cases of SaaS cloud computing environment adoption as a way to derive four new best practices for software development and incorporates the identified best practices for currently-in-use processes. Furthermore, this study presents a design for generic software development processes that implement the proposed best practices. The design for the generic process has been applied to reinforce the weak points found in SaaS cloud service development practices used by eight enterprises currently developing or operating actual SaaS cloud computing services. Lastly, this study evaluates the applicability of the proposed SaaS cloud oriented development process through analyzing the feedback data collected from actual application to the development of a SaaS cloud service Astation .

As the network and hardware technology development, IoT devices that have sensors and communication functions on various objects are increasing rapidly. As result IoT management software that manages various IoT devices in system is becoming important. However, most management systems are designed to perform only limited functions for the registered devices. In this paper, we propose a framework of Adaptive Internet Things EcoSystem that control behavior by changing software module adaptively to environment change of IoT devices. This system is composed two parts. One is the software adaption part defined to adapt IoT environmental change for each Internet things. And the conducting part is defined to construct IT Ecosystem, so that each software adaption part interact others. We show the functions and execution behavior of the Framework to achieve controlling device behavior adaptively upon environmental changes of IoT.

Software is being operated in a combined form in different fields. Multi-operated software is designed with a configuration in cooperation with others to achieve a goal. Design should be presented to be able to handle different events between systems to configure cooperation. For this type of design, it takes long to generate products regarding the action between systems in design phase. Moreover, it takes longer to verify this. To address this issue, studies on requirements specification technique based on Gray-Box and on automation of state diagram generation have been conducted. A toolchain which automates conversion to system model and verification of it using sequence diagram has been proposed in the paper.

Hadoop Map-Reduce has been attracting attention for large-scale image data parallel processing environment for searching and analyzing large-sized images. Hadoop Map-Reduce is a platform for processing large amounts of data, allowing Map-Reduce operations to be processed in parallel to speed up complex tasks. It takes a lot of development time to integrate Hadoop Map-Reduce with various image analysis technologies, and it is difficult to confirm the results before compiling and building the source code. In order to solve this problem, this paper proposes a method to create a model using a modeling tool for platform independent development and automatically generate source code based on the model.

In the advent of SDN paradigm, the accumulated verification technologies in the existing software fields are being used to verify the SDN. Data Plane consists of Forwarding Devices and is controlled by Control Plane. If correctness of the Forwarding Device is not verified, it affects to the whole network. However, doing every testing by manually is a huge time-cost consuming act, so it requires an automation. In this paper, it suggests a framework which applies ART (Adaptive Random Testing) technique which considers OpenFlow Switch to be Black Box from the Controller point of view and is easy to do a testing automation.

Android is an open operating system developed by the Open Handset Alliance (OHA) that is Google-led. Due to the nature of an open operating system, however, Android has the fragmentation problem that mobile application shows different behavior patterns in heterogeneous devices. To resolve this issue, a developer needs much cost in terms of time and efforts to devise application tests in mobile environment. In this paper, we propose two methods that handle android fragmentation problem. Moreover, utilizing the methods, we produce mobile application compatibility test system. We also perform case studies in order to evaluate the methods’ effectiveness concerning fragmentation problem by developing application. The proposed system analyses the fragmentation that is found in code level as well as in API level. The experimental results demonstrate enhancement in mobile application test process regarding time and cost.

To improve the reliability and quality of software system, many studies of the testing based on state-transition diagram have been in progress. Existing studies tried to solve the complexity problem of state-transition diagram. But the development of test case demands the better way to derive and manage the state diagram with low complexity. In this paper, the STMT(State-Transition Mapping Tree) is proposed to decrease the complexity of state diagram without changing or loosing the original state or transition information. Comparing with other methods, the proposed method turns out to be less complex.

Recently, the intrusion cases by hackers are growing fast. In order to prevent such intrusions, it is common to install a firewall or an intrusion detecting system to be employed. However, since traditional intrusion detecting system detects attacks by using static attack signatures, there are limits in coping with changes of environment or methods of sneaking in. For these problems to be solved, this paper suggests Environment Adaptive Intrusion Detection System using MAPE model. The system identifies the changes of external environment from MAPE’s acts; through the recognized change values of environment, it creates a proper attack sign and applies to the intrusion detecting system. It is expected to operate the Environment Adaptive Intrusion Detection System by using this method.

As new IT systems and devices pervade all aspects of human routines, several new paradigms have recognized groups of IT systems as forming an ecosystem. As a result, the term "IT ecosystem" has been coined. Each individual system participating in an IT ecosystem has, to a varying degree, autonomy. The ultimate goal of participating systems is to satisfy the global goal of the entire IT ecosystem in which they are participating. In order to maintain autonomy and controllability over an IT ecosystem through environmental changes, orchestration strategies must be invented and implemented. In this paper, we propose a reference orchestration architecture framework, which we call ITE Arbitrator, to support IT ecosystems in accomplishing the goals of individual participant systems while simultaneously achieving system-wide goals. ITE Arbitrator provides a mechanism to decide on an adaptation strategy with an optimal configuration of available systems to satisfy local constraints while achieving its global goal. We use the detailed simulation example of an unmanned forest management IT ecosystem to show how the proposed framework orchestrates inter-system interaction against environmental changes and sustains stable service.

As new technologies such as IoT, Cloud Computing appeared, the paradigm shift of system operation is occurring. Many researches that see a system as a group of systems like IT Ecosystem is being going on according to the paradigm shift. In addition, the research of Self-adaptive software to fulfill the users' goal and expectation is progressed. The existing Self-adaptive Software proposes ways to control various environments for a system to adapt to the environment change. However, it does not propose ways to control the system in Assembly system environments. A meta model in the base of O-MaSE which changes the system operating according to the changing environment was proposed to solve this problem. This paper proposed optimum scheduling scenario of environmental change to verify the expandability of the proposed model, and verified the proposed scenario by applying it to the meta model.

The interest in quality is increasing as the types of software got diversified and the demand for it increased. Commonly used software and formal methods were used for software quality control management previously. However, the usage of commonly used tools causes extra cost. The quality control management using Open Source Software (OSS) can be proposed as an alternative to cut the extra cost. OSS is a software with its source code disclosed so that anyone can use free of cost. OSS can be used independently without mutual contact or by constructing a tool-chain environment. Using each OSS independently without mutual contact can reduce the cost of constructing tool-chain environment. However, extra cost can occur for managing the output of each tool and this can be larger than the cost for tool-chain environment construction. Quality control management by constructing tool-chain environment all around SDLC is done mostly in SW Visualization activity. The plug-in method is used mainly for tool-chain environment construction. However, this can cause extra cost depending on the Plug-in and flaws can be inherent due to frequent updates and because it is free of charge. This paper proposes tool-chain environment construction between OSS using Agent.