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7. A High School Algebra

Author

Young, J. W. A. and Jackson, Lambert L.

Abstract

This volume presents a full high-school course in elementary algebra and contains all the topics given in the standard year-and-a-half courses. It is adapted to the prevailing practice of teaching elementary algebra in two courses--a full-year course followed by a half-year course. The first 23 chapters contain all the work required in any standard one-year course, and the remaining 10 chapters comprise a subsequent half-year course, reviewing and extending the elementary processes, fractions, factoring, exponents, and methods of solving equations, before any new topics are given. The result is a single volume adapted to a continuous one-and-a-half year course, or to a course in which geometry intervenes between first-year and second-year algebra. Ample practice work under more important topics, such as equations, factoring, highest common factor, fractions and exponents are included. Among the features that contribute to the teachableness of the book are the Historical Notes--brief sketches describing the origin of some of the more important topics of algebra and accompanying biographical notes and portraits of famous mathematicians. Additionally, teachers will appreciate the inductive developments, the cross references, illustrative problems, methods of testing results, careful statement of rules, topical and logical arrangement, definite classification, the frequent reviews, and the summaries of the theoretic chapters.

Published
1913

10. Trauma

Author

Young, J. W. R., Sutton, David, editor, and Young, Jeremy W. R., editor

Published
1990
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20. 94

Author

Young, J. W., Zerr, G. B. M., Schuyler, Elmer, and Roe,, E. D.

Published
1899
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30. Global data set for nitrogen and carbon stable isotopes of tunas [Data paper]

Author

Bodin, Nathalie, Pethybridge, H., Duffy, L. M., Lorrain, Anne, Allain, V., Logan, J. M., Ménard, Frédéric, Graham, B., Choy, C. A., Somes, C. J., Olson, R. J., and Young, J. W.

Subjects
marine top predators, pelagic ecosystem, scombrids, Global Ocean, food web dynamics, baseline isotopic variability, trophic position
Abstract

Nitrogen and carbon stable isotope data sets are commonly used to assess complex population to ecosystem responses to natural or anthropogenic changes at regional to global spatial scales, and monthly to decadal timescales. Measured in the tissues of consumers, nitrogen isotopes (delta N-15) are primarily used to estimate trophic position while carbon isotopes (delta C-13) describe habitat associations and feeding pathways. Models of both delta N-15 and delta C-13 values and their associated variance can be used to estimate likely dietary contributions and niche width and provide inferences about consumer movement and migration. Stable isotope data have added utility when used in combination with other empirical data sets (e.g., stomach content, movement tracking, bioregionalization, contaminant, or fisheries data) and are increasingly relied upon in food web and ecosystem models. While numerous regional studies publish tables of mean delta N-15 and delta C-13 values, limited individual records have been made available for wider use. Such a deficiency has impeded full utility of the data, which otherwise would facilitate identification of macroscale patterns. The data provided here consist of 4,498 records of individuals of three tuna species, Thunnus alalunga, T. obesus, and T. albacares sampled from all major ocean basins from 2000 to 2015. For each individual tuna, we provide a record of the following: species name, sampling date, sampling location, tuna length, muscle bulk and baseline corrected delta N-15 values, and muscle bulk and, where available, lipid corrected delta C-13 values. We provide these individual records to support comparative studies and more robust modeling projects seeking to improve understanding of complex marine ecosystem dynamics and their responses to a changing environment. There are no copyright restrictions for research and/or teaching purposes. Users are requested to acknowledge their use of the data in publications, research proposals, websites, and other outlets following the citation instructions in Class III, Section B.

Published
2021

40. 100

Author

Carter, W. H., Cross, Charles C., Berg, P. S., Craig, J. D., Drummond, Josiah H., Kovarik, Alois F., Philbrick, P. H., Schmitt, Cooper D., Zerr, G. B. M., Scheffer, J., Young, J. W., Schuyler, Elmer, and Drane, Walter Hugh

Published
1900
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41. 106

Author

Schuyler, Elmer, Schmitt, Cooper D., Fillman, L. B., Zerr, G. B. M., Scheffer, J., Young, J. W., and Shaw, W. F.

Published
1900
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42. 110

Author

Corbin, J. C., Davis, N. F., Craig, J. D., Robins, Sylvester, Scheffer, J., Schmitt, D., Whitaker, H. C., Young, J. W., Drane, Walter H., Zerr, G. B. M., Yanney, Benjamin F., Landis, W. W., and Sherwood, E. L.

Published
1900
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43. 90

Author

Schuyler, Elmer, Zerr, G. B. M., Lilley, George, Drane, Walter H., Schuyler, Elmer, Scheffer, J., Schmitt, Cooper D., Philbrick, P. H., Young, J. W., and Berg, P. S.

Published
1899
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44. 409

Author

Githins, C. E., Martin, Artemas, and Young, J. W.

Published
1915
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46. Infrared spectroscopy of the methanol cation and its methylene-oxonium isomer.

Author

Mosley, J. D., Young, J. W., Huang, M., McCoy, A. B., and Duncan, M. A.

Subjects
*METHANOL, *METHYLENE blue, *OXONIUM ions, *ISOMERS, *INFRARED spectroscopy, *PHOTODISSOCIATION
Abstract

The carbenium ion with nominal formula [C,H4,O]+ is produced from methanol or ethylene glycol in a pulsed-discharge supersonic expansion source. The ion is mass selected, and its infrared spectrum is measured from 2000 to 4000 cm-1 using laser photodissociation spectroscopy and the method of rare gas atom tagging. Computational chemistry predicts two isomers, the methanol and methylene-oxonium cations. Predicted vibrational spectra based on scaled harmonic and reduced dimensional treatments are compared to the experimental spectra. The methanol cation is the only isomer produced when methanol is used as a precursor. When ethylene glycol is used as the precursor, methylene-oxonium is produced in addition to the methanol cation. Theoretical results at the CCSD(T)/cc-pVTZ level show that methylene-oxonium is lower in energy than methanol cation by 6.4 kcal/mol, and is in fact the global minimum isomer on the [C,H4,O]+ potential surface. Methanol cation is trapped behind an isomerization barrier in our source, providing a convenient method to produce and characterize this transient species. Analysis of the spectrum of the methanol cation provides evidence for strong CH stretch vibration/torsion coupling in this molecular ion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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48. Ontogenetic allometry and architectural properties of the paravertebral and hindlimb musculature in Eastern cottontail rabbits ( Sylvilagus floridanus ): functional implications for developmental changes in locomotor performance

Author

Butcher, M. T., primary, Rose, J. A., additional, Glenn, Z. D., additional, Tatomirovich, N. M., additional, Russo, G. A., additional, Foster, A. D., additional, Smith, G. A., additional, and Young, J. W., additional

Published
2019
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49. Infrared spectroscopy of the acetyl cation and its protonated ketene isomer.

Author

Mosley, J. D., Young, J. W., and Duncan, M. A.

Subjects
*CATIONS, *INFRARED spectra, *PROPERTIES of matter, *INFRARED spectroscopy, *INTERMEDIATES (Chemistry), *SOLUTION (Chemistry), *COSMOCHEMISTRY
Abstract

[C2,H3,O]+ ions are generated with a pulsed discharge in a supersonic expansion containing methyl acetate or acetone. These ions are mass selected and their infrared spectra are recorded via laser photodissociation and the method of argon tagging. Computational chemistry is employed to investigate structural isomers and their spectra. The acetyl cation (CH3CO+) is the global minimum and protonated ketene (CH2COH+) is the next lowest energy isomer (+176.2 kJ/mol). When methyl acetate is employed as the precursor, the infrared spectrum reveals that only the acetyl cation is formed. Partially resolved rotational structure reveals rotation about the C3 axis. When acetone is used as the precursor, acetyl is still the most abundant cation, but there is also a minor component of protonated ketene. Computations reveal a significant barrier to interconversion between the two isomers (+221 kJ/mol), indicating that protonated ketene must be obtained via kinetic trapping. Both isomers may be present in interstellar environments, and their implications for astrochemistry are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014
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50. Asteroid lightcurve observations from 1981

Author

Harris, A. W, Young, J. W, Dockweiler, Thor, Gibson, J, Poutanen, M, and Bowell, E

Subjects
Astronomy
Abstract

Photoelectric lightcurve observations in the V band, together with estimates of the mean and maximum reduced magnitudes, are presented for 59 different asteroids; 15 new or significantly revised periods are reported. While fits are generally good for objects with moderate phase-relation slope, poor quality fits remain among the highest and lowest albedo objects studied in virtue of their respectively shallow and steep sloping-phase curves.

Published
1992
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