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The foremost task of the battery management system is to estimate the end-of-life batteries, their capacity and internal resistance, which are commonly used to evaluate the State of Health (SoH) for the battery cells and packs. The SoH for batteries plays a vital role in intelligent connected vehicles. To evaluate the warning conditions of battery life units, this paper suggests the artificial intelligence-assisted particle swarm optimization for the SoH prediction of the intelligent connected vehicles. The key elements of this method include the battery ageing cycle, identifying the SoH and battery health forecasting based on the gradual changing processes of the battery. Besides, several accelerated test results are reported for intelligent connected vehicles, using battery mode packages. To validate the concept of the SoH prediction method, a simulation test-bed is developed and test results indicate that the idea is projected with a higher prediction rate.

An efficient and regioselective cobalt-catalyzed synthesis of multi-substituted pyrroles is reported by the use of readily available enamides and alkynes. The success of the process relies on the employment of a catalytic amount of Cp*Co(CO)I2 together with CuO as the oxidant.

Highly enantioselective catalytic asymmetric intramolecular cascade imidization-nucleophilic addition-lactamization of N(1)-alkylethane-1,2-diamine with methyl 2-formylbenzoate catalyzed by a chiral phosphoric acid represents the first efficient method for the preparation of medicinally interesting chiral 2,3-dihydro-1H-imidazo[2,1-a]isoindol-5(9bH)-ones with high yields and excellent enantioselectivities. This strategy has been shown to be quite general toward various methyl 2-formylbenzoates.

H8-BINOL-derived phosphine-oxazolines complexed with iridium were successfully applied for the asymmetric hydrogenation of the carbon-carbon double bond of exocyclic α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds. A valuable series of α-chiral cyclic ketones, lactones, and lactams were therefore provided via the reaction in high yields and good to excellent enantioselectivity of up to 95 % ee. The effects of the ligands and substrate structures on the asymmetric catalysis were also discussed.

Direct asymmetric Suzuki coupling between arylboronic acids and 2-diarylphosphinyl-1-naphthyl bromides was successfully developed for the first time with the use of Pd–L1 or Pd–(Cy-MOP) as the catalyst. A variety of axially chiral 2-functionalized-2′-diarylphosphinyl-1,1′-biaryls were afforded in 34–99% yields with up to 94% ee. This methodology provides a highly efficient and practical strategy for the synthesis of novel axially chiral biaryl monophosphine oxides and the corresponding phosphines. The existence of an ortho formyl group in arylboronic acids greatly improves the coupling efficiency and permits further versatile transformations in organic synthesis. Density functional calculations were used to determine the origin of stereoselectivity during the reductive elimination step of the closely related coupling of 2-formylphenylboronic acid with naphthylphosphonate bromide. These studies indicate that both the significant transition metal hydrogen bond between the H atom of the formyl group and pall...

A class of new phosphine-oxazoline ligands was prepared from commercially available and inexpensive starting materials. As the first example, in situ formed catalysts generated from chiral phosphine-oxazolines and Pd(OAc) 2 were successfully applied to the asymmetric addition reactions of arylboronic acids to isatins, and 3-aryl-3-hydroxyoxindoles were obtained in up to 97% yields and good enantioselectivities (up to 88% ee). Up to 98% enantiopurity of the products were obtained after one recrystallization.

An efficient and regioselective cobalt-catalyzed synthesis of multi-substituted pyrroles is reported by the use of readily available enamides and alkynes. The success of the process relies on the employment of a catalytic amount of Cp*Co(CO)I2 together with CuO as the oxidant.

Three novel atropisomeric bridged P,N-ligands were prepared using a highly efficient central-to-axial transfer strategy as the protocol. The new chiral ligands were successfully applied in the palladium-catalyzed asymmetric Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reaction, Up to 98% yield and 82% ee were obtained in the enantioselective synthesis of axially chiral biarylphosphonates.

Readily available and modular hybrid amine/benzimidazole-based 1H-benzimidazole-2-methanamine (BIMA) ligands in combination with 2,3-O-isopropylidene-2,3-dihydroxy-1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino) butane (DIOP) afford efficient catalytic systems for the ruthenium(II)-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation (AH) of a number of aryl ketones. The AH proceeds smoothly with substrate-to-catalyst (S/C) molar ratios of up to 100,000 (TOF of 6500 h(-1), 8 atm) giving chiral alcohols in up to 99% ee.

A new polyethylene glycol supported Ru catalyst was synthesized and applied in the asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of various aromatic ketones in water with high chemical yields and enantioselectivities without adding any surfactants. The catalyst could be easily recycled several times without a significant loss of enantioselectivity and activity.

H8-BINOL-derived phosphine-oxazolines complexed with iridium were successfully applied for the asymmetric hydrogenation of the carbon-carbon double bond of exocyclic α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds. A valuable series of α-chiral cyclic ketones, lactones, and lactams were therefore provided via the reaction in high yields and good to excellent enantioselectivity of up to 95 % ee. The effects of the ligands and substrate structures on the asymmetric catalysis were also discussed.

Substituted 2-formylarylboronic acids were successfully employed as substrates for asymmetric Suzuki–Miyaura coupling. By virtue of the coupling with dialkoxyphosphinyl substituted naphthyl bromides and 2-nitronaphthalen-1-yl triflouromethanesulfonate, a series of novel multifunctionalized axially chiral biaryls were prepared in 53–97% yields with up to 97% ee using palladium-Cy-MOP as the catalyst. The methodology provides a highly efficient and practical strategy for the synthesis of novel multifunctionalized axially chiral biaryls.

A new polyethylene glycol supported Ru catalyst was synthesized and applied in the asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of various aromatic ketones in water with high chemical yields and enantioselectivities without adding any surfactants. The catalyst could be easily recycled several times without a significant loss of enantioselectivity and activity.