144 results on '"You Ni"'
Search Results
2. Anti-IgLON5 disease: a novel topic beyond neuroimmunology
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Yi-Zong Heng Zhang, You Ni, Yi-Ning Gao, Ding-Ding Shen, Lu He, Dou Yin, Huan-Yu Meng, Qin-Ming Zhou, Ji Hu, and Sheng Chen
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anti-iglon5 disease ,autoimmune encephalitis ,human leukocyte antigen ,igg4-related diseases ,iglon5 antibody ,iglons ,immunotherapy ,inflammation ,neurodegeneration ,neuroimmunology ,tauopathy ,Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,RC346-429 - Abstract
Anti-IgLON5 disease is a recently defined autoimmune disorder of the nervous system associated with autoantibodies against IgLON5. Given its broad clinical spectrum and extremely complex pathogenesis, as well as difficulties in its early diagnosis and treatment, anti-IgLON5 disease has become the subject of considerable research attention in the field of neuroimmunology. Anti-IgLON5 disease has characteristics of both autoimmunity and neurodegeneration due to the unique activity of the anti-IgLON5 antibody. Neuropathologic examination revealed the presence of a tauopathy preferentially affecting the hypothalamus and brainstem tegmentum, potentially broadening our understanding of tauopathies. In contrast to that seen with other autoimmune encephalitis-related antibodies, basic studies have demonstrated that IgLON5 antibody-induced neuronal damage and degeneration are irreversible, indicative of a potential link between autoimmunity and neurodegeneration in anti-IgLON5 disease. Herein, we comprehensively review and discuss basic and clinical studies relating to anti-IgLON5 disease to better understand this complicated disorder.
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- 2023
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3. Anti-IgLON5 antibodies cause progressive behavioral and neuropathological changes in mice
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You Ni, Yifan Feng, Dingding Shen, Ming Chen, Xiaona Zhu, Qinming Zhou, Yining Gao, Jun Liu, Qi Zhang, Yuntian Shen, Lisheng Peng, Zike Zeng, Dou Yin, Ji Hu, and Sheng Chen
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Anti-IgLON5 disease ,Animal model ,Neuropathology ,Pathogenesis ,Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,RC346-429 - Abstract
Abstract Background Anti-IgLON5 disease is a rare neurological disorder associated with autoantibodies against the neuronal cell adhesion protein, IgLON5. Cellular investigations with human IgLON5 antibodies have suggested an antibody-mediated pathogenesis, but whether human IgLON5 autoantibodies can induce disease symptoms in mice is yet to be shown. Moreover, the effects of anti-IgLON5 autoantibodies on neurons and the precise molecular mechanisms in vivo remain controversial. Methods We investigated the effects of anti-IgLON5 antibodies in vivo and evaluated their long-term effects. We used two independent passive-transfer animal models and evaluated the effects of the antibodies on mouse behaviors at different time points from day 1 until day 30 after IgG infusion. A wide range of behaviors, including tests of locomotion, coordination, memory, anxiety, depression and social interactions were established. At termination, brain tissue was analyzed for human IgG, neuronal markers, glial markers, synaptic markers and RNA sequencing. Results These experiments showed that patient’s anti-IgLON5 antibodies induced progressive and irreversible behavioral deficits in vivo. Notably, cognitive abnormality was supported by impaired average gamma power in the CA1 during novel object recognition testing. Accompanying brain tissue studies showed progressive increase of brain-bound human antibodies in the hippocampus of anti-IgLON5 IgG-injected mice, which persisted 30 days after the injection of patient’s antibodies was stopped. Microglial and astrocyte density was increased in the hippocampus of anti-IgLON5 IgG-injected mice at Day 30. Whole-cell voltage clamp recordings proved that anti-IgLON5 antibodies affected synaptic homeostasis. Further western blot investigation of synaptic proteins revealed a reduction of presynaptic (synaptophysin) and post-synaptic (PSD95 and NMDAR1) expression in anti-IgLON5 IgG-injected mice. Conclusions Overall, our findings indicated an irreversible effect of anti-IgLON5 antibodies and supported the pathogenicity of these antibodies in vivo.
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- 2022
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4. Purified Serum IgG from a Patient with Anti-IgLON5 Antibody Cause Long-Term Movement Disorders with Impaired Dopaminergic Pathways in Mice
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Yining Gao, Hongxia Li, Huoqing Luo, You Ni, Yifan Feng, Lu He, Qinming Zhou, Ji Hu, and Sheng Chen
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anti-IgLON5 disease ,movement disorders ,neuropathology ,dopaminergic pathways ,substantia nigra pars compacta ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Background: Anti-IgLON5 disease is a rare autoimmune disease of the central nervous system. It typically manifests as a chronic condition, characterized by cognitive impairments, movement disorders, and sleep disorders. The mechanisms underlying movement disorders in this disease remain poorly understood due to a lack of research. Furthermore, this disease exhibits both neuroimmune and neurodegenerative characteristics. The objective of this study is to explore the underlying mechanisms of movement disorders caused by anti-IgLON5 antibodies for the first time. Methods: Antibodies were purified from the serum of a confirmed patient of anti-IgLON5 disease. The passive transfer animal models were employed, where antibodies were continuously injected into the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) of the mouse midbrain using stereotactic injection to explore the mechanism of movement disorder. The effects of anti-IgLON5 antibodies on dopaminergic neurons in the SNc and neurodegeneration were examined through immunohistochemistry. Changes in neurotransmitter levels in the basal ganglia were assessed using high-performance liquid chromatography. Additionally, RNA-seq was employed to identify the differentially expressed genes associated with the short-term and long-term effects of anti-IgLON5 antibody on the SNc. Results: Mice injected with anti-IgLON5 antibodies in the SNc exhibited persistent movement impairments for up to 3 months. One week after antibody injection, the number of TH neurons significantly decreased compared to the control group, accompanied by reduced projection fibers in the basal ganglia and decreased dopamine levels. After 3 months of antibody injection, an increase in phosphorylated Tau was observed in the SNc of the midbrain. Additionally, long-term sustained activation of microglia was detected in the SNc. The differentially expressed genes of long-term effects of IgLON5 antibodies were different from their short-term effects on the SNc. Conclusion: Purified serum IgG from a patient with anti-IgLON5 antibodies can cause long-term movement disorder in mice. The movement disorders appear to be linked to the impaired dopaminergic pathway, and the increased p-Tau showed neurodegenerative changes induced by the anti-IgLON5 antibody.
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- 2023
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5. A perspective on therapies for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: can disease progression be curbed?
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Xiaojiao Xu, Dingding Shen, Yining Gao, Qinming Zhou, You Ni, Huanyu Meng, Hongqin Shi, Weidong Le, Shengdi Chen, and Sheng Chen
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Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ,Motor neurons ,Autophagy ,Stem cells ,Gene editing ,Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,RC346-429 - Abstract
Abstract Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease involving both upper and lower motor neurons, leading to paralysis and eventually death. Symptomatic treatments such as inhibition of salivation, alleviation of muscle cramps, and relief of spasticity and pain still play an important role in enhancing the quality of life. To date, riluzole and edaravone are the only two drugs approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of ALS in a few countries. While there is adequate consensus on the modest efficacy of riluzole, there are still open questions concerning the efficacy of edaravone in slowing the disease progression. Therefore, identification of novel therapeutic strategies is urgently needed. Impaired autophagic process plays a critical role in ALS pathogenesis. In this review, we focus on therapies modulating autophagy in the context of ALS. Furthermore, stem cell therapies, gene therapies, and newly-developed biomaterials have great potentials in alleviating neurodegeneration, which might halt the disease progression. In this review, we will summarize the current and prospective therapies for ALS.
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- 2021
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6. Analysis on clinical characteristics of anti⁃DPPX encephalitis
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Qin⁃ming ZHOU, Yong CAI, You NI, Huan⁃yu MENG, Hong⁃qin SHI, Sheng⁃di CHEN, and Sheng CHEN
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encephalitis ,autoimmune diseases ,potassium channels, voltage ⁃ gated ,serology ,cerebrospinal fluid ,positron⁃emission tomography ,Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,RC346-429 - Abstract
Objective To summarize the clinical features of anti⁃dipeptidyl⁃peptidase⁃like protein⁃6 (DPPX) encephalitis. Methods and Results We presented a 36⁃year⁃old male patient with anti⁃DPPX encephilitis who developed with myoclonus, progressive memory loss, dyspnea and diarrhea. Antibody against DPPX was positive in his serum.18F⁃fluoro⁃2⁃deoxy⁃D⁃glucose (18F⁃FDG) PET imaging indicated the hypometabolism in the bilateral temporal lobes. Then we reviewed the literatures about anti ⁃ DPPX encephalitis. A total of 7 articles with 36 cases were enrolled. We found that anti⁃DPPX encephalitis was common in male middle⁃aged patients with a chronic disease course. The clinical features of anti⁃DPPX encephalitis were myoclonus, tremor, cognitive dysfunction, automatic dysfunction, injury of brain stem or cerebellum and body weight loss. A small group of patients had underlying B cell neoplasms. DPPX antibody could be detected in the cerebrospinal fluid and serum of anti⁃DPPX encephalitis patients. The neuro⁃imaging often showed non⁃specific changes. The immunotherapy was effective in treating anti⁃DPPX encephalitis. It had a good prognosis. Conclusions Anti ⁃ DPPX encephalitis is rare, and it has complicated clinical manifestations. There are difficulties in the early and differential diagnosis. But it is usually responsive to the immunotherapy. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672⁃6731.2020.10.004
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- 2020
7. Yesterday, today and tomorrow of autoimmune encephalitis
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Sheng CHEN, Qin⁃ming ZHOU, You NI, and Jun LIU
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encephalitis ,autoimmune diseases ,antoantibodies ,review ,Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,RC346-429 - Abstract
Autoimmune encephalitis (AE) is a category of immune-mediated encephalitis, which attracts more and more attention recently. With the development of neuroscience, the antibody spectrum of AE is expanded gradually, and the knowledge of its etiology, pathogenesis and treatment is enriched. Although there are many unknowns, the results of these studies will shed new light to our hope that AE can be successfully treated in the future. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672⁃6731.2020.01.002
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- 2020
8. FoxP3− Tr1 Cell in Generalized Myasthenia Gravis and Its Relationship With the Anti-AChR Antibody and Immunomodulatory Cytokines
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Huanyu Meng, Shuyu Zheng, Qinming Zhou, Yining Gao, You Ni, Huafeng Liang, and Sheng Chen
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Tr1 cells ,myasthenia gravis ,AChR ab ,Foxp3 ,interleukin 10 ,Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,RC346-429 - Abstract
Introduction: The changes in the number and function of regulatory T cells (Tregs) are thought to play important roles in the pathogenesis of generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG). Previous studies have suggested the decrease of FoxP3+ Treg cells in the MG development. However, there is no study on the pathophysiological mechanism of FoxP3−Treg, especially Tr1 cells, in gMG patients. Therefore, this study was conducted to reveal the effect of Tr1 cells to the pathophysiology of gMG.Methods: Thirteen patients with gMG and twelve healthy volunteers were enrolled in this study. The titer of anti-AChR Ab was measured by ELISA. The separated PBMCs were labeled for CD4, CD25, CD49b, LAG3 and FoxP3. The CD4+ T cell count, FoxP3+ Treg to CD4+ T cell ratio and Tr1 cell to CD4+ T cell ratio were measured by flow cytometry. Based on the FoxP3+ Treg and Tr1 cell to CD4+ T cell ratios, the patients' Tr1 cell to FoxP3+ Treg ratios were calculated. The IL-6, IL-7, IL-10, TGF-β and IFN-γ concentration in the serum of MG patients and normal controls (NCs) were measured via ELISA.Results: We found a significantly positive correlation between the Tr1 cell/CD4+ T cell ratio and the anti-AChR Ab (r = 0.6889 ± 0.4414, p = 0.0401). Although there were no significant differences in the relationship between FoxP3+ Treg cells and anti-AChR Ab, a positive correlation between the Tr1 cell/FoxP3+ Treg cell ratio and the anti-AChR Ab (r = 0.7110 ± 0.4227, p = 0.0318) was observed. In addition, the Tr1 cell/CD4+ T cell ratio but not the proportion of FoxP3+ Tregs was positively correlated with IL-10 (p = 0.048). These results suggested that in the process of the immunomodulatory effect of Tr1 cells in patients with gMG, IL-10 and other cytokines may be involved, but the specific mechanism needs further study.Conclusion: This is the first study of the immunoregulatory mechanism of Tr1 cells in gMG. We conducted this study to elucidate the significance of Tr1 cells in the pathogenesis of MG. We believe that in patients with gMG, Tr1 cells may play an immunomodulatory role in counteracting AChR-related autoimmune responses. In this process, IL-10 and other immunomodulatory cytokines may be involved.
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- 2021
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9. 18F-florbetapir PET/MRI for quantitatively monitoring myelin loss and recovery in patients with multiple sclerosis: A longitudinal study
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Min Zhang, You Ni, Qinming Zhou, Lu He, Huanyu Meng, Yining Gao, Xinyun Huang, Hongping Meng, Peihan Li, Meidi Chen, Danni Wang, Jingyi Hu, Qiu Huang, Yao Li, Fabien Chauveau, Biao Li, and Sheng Chen
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18F-florbetapir ,PET/MRI ,Demyelination ,Myelin loss and recovery ,Multiple sclerosis ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Background: Amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) can measure in-vivo demyelination in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). However, the value of 18F-labeled amyloid PET tracer, 18F-florbetapir in the longitudinal study for monitoring myelin loss and recovery has not been confirmed. Methods: From March 2019 to September 2020, twenty-three patients with MS and nine healthy controls (HCs) underwent a hybrid PET/MRI at baseline and expanded disability status scale (EDSS) assessment, and eight of 23 patients further underwent follow-up PET/MRI. The distribution volume ratio (DVR) and standard uptake value ratio (SUVR) of 18F-florbetapir in damaged white matter (DWM) and normal-appearance white matter (NAWM) were obtained from dynamic and static PET acquisition. Diffusion tensor imaging-derived parameters were also calculated. Data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation with 99% confidence interval (99%CI). Finding: The mean DVR (1.08 ± 0.12, 99%CI [1.02 ~ 1.14]) but not the mean SUVR of DWM lesions was lower than that of NAWM in patients with MS (1.25 ± 0.10, 99%CI [1.20 ~ 1.31]) and HCs (1.29 ± 0.08, 99%CI [1.23 ~ 1.36]). A trend toward lower mean fractional anisotropy (374.95 ± 45.30 vs. 419.07 ± 4.83) and higher mean radial diffusivity (0.45 ± 0.05 vs. 0.40 ± 0.01) of NAWM in patients with MS than those in HCs was found. DVR decreased in DWM lesions with higher MD (rho = -0.261, 99%CI [-0.362 ~ -0.144]), higher AD (rho = -0.200, 99%CI [-0.318 ~ -0.070]) and higher RD (rho = -0.198, 99%CI [-0.313 ~ -0.075]). Patients’ EDSS scores were reduced (B = 0.04, 99%CI [-0.005 ~ 0.084]) with decreased index of global demyelination in the longitudinal study. Interpretation: Our exploratory study suggests that dynamic 18F-florbetapir PET/MRI may be a very promising tool for quantitatively monitoring myelin loss and recovery in patients with MS. Funding: Shanghai Pujiang Program, Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty, Shanghai Shuguang Plan Project, Shanghai Health and Family Planning Commission Research Project, Clinical Research Plan of SHDC, French-Chinese program ''Xu Guangqi''.
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- 2021
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10. The future of neuroimmunology
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Sheng CHEN, Qin⁃ming ZHOU, and You NI
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immune system diseases ,nervous system diseases ,antibodies ,immunotherapy ,translational medical research ,review ,Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,RC346-429 - Abstract
Neuroimmunology is one of the most potential fields of brain science, which challenges the neurologists. The development of antibody spectrum, the deepening research of mechanism and the precision of treatment make the future of this field full of vitality. However, the development may also cause crisis and consideration. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2020.09.001
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- 2020
11. A Proportional Allocation Model for Parking Reservation Systems Considering Entrance Capacity Constraints.
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Xun-You Ni, Daniel Jian Sun, Qing-Chang Lu, and Qian Chen 0017
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- 2024
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12. Tumor-targeted delivery of copper-manganese biomineralized oncolytic adenovirus for colorectal cancer immunotherapy
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Li, Yi-Shu, Ye, Lu-Yi, Luo, Yan-Xi, Zheng, Wen-Jie, Si, Jing-Xing, Yang, Xue, Zhang, You-Ni, Wang, Shi-Bing, Zou, Hai, Jin, Ke-Tao, Ge, Tong, Cai, Yu, and Mou, Xiao-Zhou
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- 2024
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13. Multifunctional nanocarriers for targeted drug delivery and diagnostic applications of lymph nodes metastasis: a review of recent trends and future perspectives
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Lan, Huan-Rong, Zhang, You-Ni, Han, Yue-Jun, Yao, Shi-Ya, Yang, Meng-Xiang, Xu, Xiao-Gang, Mou, Xiao-Zhou, and Jin, Ke-Tao
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- 2023
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14. Traditional Chinese medicine as a protective strategy against chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity: An overview of the literature
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Wang, Jun-Wei, Shao, Hong, Zhang, You-Ni, Ge, Tong, Chen, Xiao-Yi, and Mou, Xiao-Zhou
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- 2024
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15. Engineered Luminescent Oncolytic Vaccinia Virus Activation of Photodynamic‐Immune Combination Therapy for Colorectal Cancer.
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Ye, Lu‐Yi, Li, Yi‐Shu, Ge, Tong, Liu, Long‐Cai, Si, Jing‐Xing, Yang, Xue, Fan, Wei‐Jiao, Liu, Xiao‐Zhen, Zhang, You‐Ni, Wang, Jun‐Wei, Wang, Shi‐Bing, Zou, Hai, Zheng, Yue‐Liang, Jin, Ke‐Tao, Mao, Zheng‐Wei, Cai, Yu, and Mou, Xiao‐Zhou
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- 2024
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16. MicroRNAs as biomarkers and perspectives in the therapy of pancreatic cancer
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Xia, Tao, Chen, Xiao-Yi, and Zhang, You-Ni
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- 2021
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17. A comparative analysis of information provision strategies for parking variable message sign display problems.
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Xun-You Ni, Weite Lu, Chunqin Zhang, Yong Liu, and Jing Zhao
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- 2020
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18. Bioinformatics of Serious Leisure in Playing Video Games and Learning English as a Sustainable Activity
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Gau, Li-Shiue, primary, Huang, Chung-Hsing, additional, and Gau, You-Ni, additional
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- 2023
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19. The limiting factors of oncolytic virus immunotherapy and the approaches to overcome them
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Hu, Pei-Yang, Fan, Xiao-Ming, Zhang, You-Ni, Wang, Shi-Bing, Wan, Wei-Jie, Pan, Hong-Ying, and Mou, Xiao-Zhou
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- 2020
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20. Recent advances in targeting cancer stem cells using oncolytic viruses
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Zhang, You-Ni, Wang, Shi-Bing, Song, Shu-Shu, Hu, Pei-Yang, Zhou, Yu-Cheng, Mou, Yi-Ping, and Mou, Xiao-Zhou
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- 2020
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21. Bioinformatics of Serious Leisure in Playing Video Games and Learning English as a Sustainable Activity †.
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Gau, Li-Shiue, Huang, Chung-Hsing, and Gau, You-Ni
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BIOINFORMATICS ,VIDEO games ,ENGLISH language education ,ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY ,LEISURE - Abstract
This study aimed to investigate why video gaming tends to become a serious leisure activity more easily than English learning, using a bioinformatics approach. Methods included interviews with 13 students aged 10–13 and an experimental research design with EEG (electroencephalograph) data from five students during rest, gaming, and English learning prior to and after a 4-week treatment. Interviews revealed that cram schools, school assignments, and future career aspirations influenced English learning habits. EEGs showed greater situational involvement in video games, but no significant improvement in English learning after the treatment. Encouraging English learning was challenging, perhaps due to participants' busy schedules. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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22. Tumor-Targeted Delivery of Copper-Manganese Biomineralized Oncolytic Adenovirus Enhancestumor Immunotherapy for Colorectal Cancer
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Li, YiShu, primary, Ye, LuYi, additional, Luo, Yanxi, additional, Zheng, Wenjie, additional, Si, Jingxing, additional, Yang, Xue, additional, Zhang, You-Ni, additional, Wang, Shi-Bing, additional, Zou, Hai, additional, Jin, Ketao, additional, Ge, Tong, additional, Cai, Yu, additional, and Mou, Xiaozhou, additional
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- 2023
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23. Correction to: The limiting factors of oncolytic virus immunotherapy and the approaches to overcome them
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Hu, Pei-Yang, Fan, Xiao-Ming, Zhang, You-Ni, Wang, Shi-Bing, Wan, Wei-Jie, Pan, Hong-Ying, and Mou, Xiao-Zhou
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- 2021
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24. A Discriminated Release Strategy for Parking Variable Message Sign Display Problem Using Agent-Based Simulation.
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Daniel Jian Sun, Xun-You Ni, and Li-Hui Zhang
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- 2016
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25. The clinical and neuroimaging features of sporadic adult-onset neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease
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You Ni, Zhao Yang, Qinming Zhou, Jun Liu, Haiyan Zhou, and Sheng Chen
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Neurology ,Neurology (clinical) ,General Medicine - Abstract
Background:Neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease (NIID) is a rare slowly progressive neurodegenerative disorder that is characterized pathologically by the presence of eosinophilic intranuclear inclusions. NIID is a heterogeneous disease with diverse clinical manifestations, making diagnosis difficult. Here, we analyzed the clinical, pathological, and radiological features of Chinese NIID patients to improve our understanding of NIID.Methods:A total of 17 patients with sporadic NIID were recruited from the Ruijin Hospital Database between 2014 and 2021. Clinical patient information and brain MRI data were collected. All of the patients underwent standard skin biopsy procedures.Results:The average age of onset for symptoms was 60.18 years, and the average duration of illness was 4.06 years. All patients were diagnosed with NIID due to the presence of intranuclear inclusions confirmed by skin biopsy. Tremor was the most common initial symptom. The average ages at onset and at diagnosis were both lower in patients with tremor than in patients without tremor. NIID may be a systemic disease that affects multiple organs, for one patient had a history of chronic renal insufficiency for more than 10 years. In addition to high-intensity U-fibers signals on diffusion-weighted imaging, there were several other MRI findings, such as focal leukoencephalopathy and cortical swelling. Encephalitic episodes followed by reversible leukoencephalopathy was another important imaging feature of NIID.Conclusion:The clinical manifestations of NIID are highly variable. Tremor may be the most common initial symptom in certain cohorts. Encephalitic episodes followed by reversible asymmetric leukoencephalopathy may also indicate this disease.
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- 2022
26. Hybrid 18F-florbetapir PET/MRI for assessing myelin recovery in GFAP-A patients
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Huanyu Meng, Shuyu Zheng, Shaicun Yuan, Qinming Zhou, Yining Gao, You Ni, Lu He, Dou Yin, Min Zhang, and Sheng Chen
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General Neuroscience - Abstract
Glial fibrillary acidic protein astrocytopathy (GFAP-A) is a rare autoimmune disease of the central nervous system that was newly reported in 2016. Previous studies have speculated that the pathological mechanism and clinical outcome of GFAP-A lie in the demyelination of the central nervous system, but due to the limitations of MR, this conclusion has not been further confirmed from the perspective of neuroimaging. A non-invasive, quantitative measurement of demyelination would be clinically valuable, given its critical role in mediating GFAP-A. Here, we report a case in which we use 18F-florbetapir positron emission tomography-magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MRI) to evaluate myelin recovery with follow-up in the patient with GFAP-A. Our patient displayed a decreased uptake of PET tracer 18F-florbetapir in the brain lesions and lower distribution volume ratio in the damaged white matter lesions compared to the normal-appearing white matter, indicating significant intracranial demyelination. After treatment, the 18F-florbetapir PET/MRI examination showed a significant increase in the uptake of 18F-florbetapir in the brain lesions, along with a reduced Expanded Disability Status Scale score. Although only a small number of patients have been validated, this case first reported 18F-florbetapir PET/MRI could quantitatively and non-invasively assess the myelin recovery in GFAP-A patients, which may lead to improvements in the early diagnosis and long-term prognosis.
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- 2022
27. MicroRNAs as biomarkers and perspectives in the therapy of pancreatic cancer
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Tao Xia, Xiao-Yi Chen, and You-Ni Zhang
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Oncology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Pancreatic malignancy ,Pancreatic disease ,Clinical Biochemistry ,Cancer therapy ,Cancer prognosis ,Metastasis ,Pancreatic cancer ,Internal medicine ,microRNA ,Biomarkers, Tumor ,medicine ,Humans ,Molecular Targeted Therapy ,Molecular Biology ,business.industry ,Cell Biology ,General Medicine ,Prognosis ,medicine.disease ,Review article ,Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ,Pancreatic Neoplasms ,MicroRNAs ,business ,Signal Transduction - Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is considered as one of the most aggressive tumor types, representing over 45,750 mortality cases annually in the USA solely. The aggressive nature and late identification of pancreatic cancer, combined with the restrictions of existing chemotherapeutics, present the mandatory need for the advancement of novel treatment systems. Ongoing reports have shown an important role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the initiation, migration, and metastasis of malignancies. Besides, abnormal transcriptional levels of miRNAs have regularly been related with etiopathogenesis of pancreatic malignancy, underlining the conceivable utilization of miRNAs in the management of pancreatic disease patients. In this review article, we give a concise outline of molecular pathways involved in etiopathogenesis of pancreatic cancer patients as well as miRNA implications in pancreatic cancer patients. Ensuing sections describe the involvement of miRNAs in the diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy of pancreatic cancer patients. The involvement of miRNAs in the chemoresistance of pancreatic cancers was also discussed. End area portrays the substance of survey with future headings.
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- 2021
28. Breast Cancer Detection Using Convolutional Neural Networks Model
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Zijia Lyu, You Ni, Liran Yang, and Jing Yuan
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- 2022
29. Does the Microbiota Composition Influence the Efficacy of Colorectal Cancer Immunotherapy?
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Lin, Yan, primary, Kong, De-Xia, additional, and Zhang, You-Ni, additional
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- 2022
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30. Anti-IgLON5 disease: a novel topic beyond neuroimmunology
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Sheng Chen, Ji Hu, Qin-Ming Zhou, Yi-ZongHeng Zhang, You Ni, Yi-Ning Gao, Ding-Ding Shen, Lu He, Dou Yin, and Huan-Yu Meng
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Developmental Neuroscience - Abstract
Anti-IgLON5 disease is a recently defined autoimmune disorder of the nervous system associated with autoantibodies against IgLON5. Given its broad clinical spectrum and extremely complex pathogenesis, as well as difficulties in its early diagnosis and treatment, anti-IgLON5 disease has become the subject of considerable research attention in the field of neuroimmunology. Anti-IgLON5 disease has characteristics of both autoimmunity and neurodegeneration due to the unique activity of the anti-IgLON5 antibody. Neuropathologic examination revealed the presence of a tauopathy preferentially affecting the hypothalamus and brainstem tegmentum, potentially broadening our understanding of tauopathies. In contrast to that seen with other autoimmune encephalitis-related antibodies, basic studies have demonstrated that IgLON5 antibody-induced neuronal damage and degeneration are irreversible, indicative of a potential link between autoimmunity and neurodegeneration in anti-IgLON5 disease. Herein, we comprehensively review and discuss basic and clinical studies relating to anti-IgLON5 disease to better understand this complicated disorder.
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- 2023
31. Newly identified transmembrane protein 106B amyloid fibrils in the human brain: pathogens or by-products?
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Yun Fan, Wanbing Zhao, You Ni, Yiqi Liu, Yilin Tang, Yimin Sun, Fengtao Liu, Wenbo Yu, Jianjun Wu, and Jian Wang
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Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD) constitute a spectrum of diseases characterized by the abnormal aggregation of specific amyloid fibrillar proteins; these include β-amyloid (Aβ) and tau in the form of the extracellular Aβ plaques and neuronal neurofibrillary tangles in AD and fibrillar α-synuclein aggregation in the form of Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites in PD. Transmembrane protein 106B (TMEM106B) is a type II transmembrane lysosomal protein that participates in lysosome morphology, localization, acidification, and trafficking; t is involved in the pathogenesis of several NDs, especially frontotemporal lobular degeneration with TAR DNA-binding protein immunoreactive inclusions (FTLD-TDP). Studies from four independent research groups revealed that the luminal domain of TMEM106B (120-254aa) forms amyloid fibrils in several brain regions in patients with a series of NDs and neurologically normal older adults. Given its potentially critical roles in the pathogenesis of NDs and brain aging, this surprising finding has focused attention on TMEM106B and suggested that it is nearly as fundamental as other pathogenic amyloid proteins (e.g., Aβ, tau, α-syn); nevertheless, new questions surrounding TMEM106B must be asked. In this review,we firstly introduce the physiological function of TMEM106B and its involvement in NDs. Then, we elucidate the identification and cryo-electronic microscopic structure of TMEM106B fibrils and analyze the factors that contribute to the polymorphism of TMEM106B fibrils. Finally, the potential pathogenic role of TMEM106B fibrils is discussed, and the future directions for TMEM106 research in NDs are briefly summarized.
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- 2023
32. Hybrid
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Huanyu, Meng, Shuyu, Zheng, Shaicun, Yuan, Qinming, Zhou, Yining, Gao, You, Ni, Lu, He, Dou, Yin, Min, Zhang, and Sheng, Chen
- Abstract
Glial fibrillary acidic protein astrocytopathy (GFAP-A) is a rare autoimmune disease of the central nervous system that was newly reported in 2016. Previous studies have speculated that the pathological mechanism and clinical outcome of GFAP-A lie in the demyelination of the central nervous system, but due to the limitations of MR, this conclusion has not been further confirmed from the perspective of neuroimaging. A non-invasive, quantitative measurement of demyelination would be clinically valuable, given its critical role in mediating GFAP-A. Here, we report a case in which we use
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- 2022
33. Metal nanoparticles as a promising technology in targeted cancer treatment
- Author
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Jia-Jie Xu, Wan-Chen Zhang, Ya-Wen Guo, Xiao-Yi Chen, and You-Ni Zhang
- Subjects
Technology ,Neoplasms ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Humans ,Metal Nanoparticles ,Nanoparticles ,Antineoplastic Agents ,General Medicine - Abstract
Traditional anticancer treatments have several limitations, but cancer is still one of the deadliest diseases. As a result, new anticancer drugs are required for the treatment of cancer. The use of metal nanoparticles (NPs) as alternative chemotherapeutic drugs is on the rise in cancer research. Metal NPs have the potential for use in a wide range of applications. Natural or surface-induced anticancer effects can be found in metals. The focus of this review is on the therapeutic potential of metal-based NPs. The potential of various types of metal NPs for tumor targeting will be discussed for cancer treatment. The
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- 2022
34. Oncolytic Virotherapy in Peritoneal Metastasis Gastric Cancer: The Challenges and Achievements
- Author
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Shao, Su, primary, Yang, Xue, additional, Zhang, You-Ni, additional, Wang, Xue-Jun, additional, Li, Ke, additional, Zhao, Ya-Long, additional, Mou, Xiao-Zhou, additional, and Hu, Pei-Yang, additional
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- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Metal nanoparticles as a promising technology in targeted cancer treatment
- Author
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Xu, Jia-Jie, primary, Zhang, Wan-Chen, additional, Guo, Ya-Wen, additional, Chen, Xiao-Yi, additional, and Zhang, You-Ni, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Oncolytic Adenovirus Expressing ST13 Increases Antitumor Effect of Tumor Necrosis Factor-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand Against Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
- Author
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You-Ni Zhang, Fang Huang, Xiao-Zhou Mou, Hui-Ju Wang, Miaojuan Ye, Shibing Wang, and Yigang Wang
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Oncolytic adenovirus ,Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma ,endocrine system diseases ,Genetic Vectors ,Cancer therapy ,Mice, Nude ,Apoptosis ,Adenoviridae ,TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand ,Mice ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Carcinoembryonic antigen ,Tumor Cells, Cultured ,Genetics ,Animals ,Humans ,Medicine ,Molecular Biology ,Aged ,Cell Proliferation ,030304 developmental biology ,Aged, 80 and over ,Oncolytic Virotherapy ,Mice, Inbred BALB C ,0303 health sciences ,biology ,business.industry ,Tumor Suppressor Proteins ,Middle Aged ,Prognosis ,Ligand (biochemistry) ,Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays ,digestive system diseases ,Oncolytic virus ,Pancreatic Neoplasms ,Survival Rate ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Cancer research ,biology.protein ,Molecular Medicine ,Female ,Tumor necrosis factor alpha ,Carrier Proteins ,business ,Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal - Abstract
Oncolytic adenoviruses (OAds) are promising agents for cancer therapy, representing a novel therapeutic strategy for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, there are challenges associated with the successful use of an OAd alone, involving the security of the viral vector and screening of an effective antitumor gene. In the present study, a novel OAd CD55-ST13-tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) was constructed in which the dual therapeutic genes ST13 and TRAIL were inserted, featuring the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) as a promoter to control E1A and deletion of the 55 kDa E1B gene. ST13, known as a colorectal cancer suppressor gene, exhibited lower expression in PDAC than in tumor-adjacent tissues and was associated with poor prognosis in PDAC patients.
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- 2020
37. Recent advances in targeting cancer stem cells using oncolytic viruses
- Author
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You-Ni Zhang, Xiao-Zhou Mou, Pei-Yang Hu, Yi-Ping Mou, Shi-Bing Wang, Shu-Shu Song, and Yu-Cheng Zhou
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Population ,Antineoplastic Agents ,Bioengineering ,Biology ,01 natural sciences ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Metastasis ,Mice ,03 medical and health sciences ,Immune system ,Cancer stem cell ,Cell Line, Tumor ,Neoplasms ,010608 biotechnology ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Virotherapy ,education ,Oncolytic Virotherapy ,education.field_of_study ,Cancer ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Oncolytic virus ,Oncolytic Viruses ,030104 developmental biology ,Cancer cell ,Neoplastic Stem Cells ,Cancer research ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Oncolytic virotherapy is a promising antitumor strategy which utilizes the lytic nature of viral replication to kill cancer cells. Oncolytic viruses (OVs) can induce cancer cell death and trigger immune responses to metastatic cancer in vivo. Reverse genetic systems have aided the insertion of anticancer genes into various OVs to augment their oncolytic capacity. Furthermore, OVs target and destroy the population of tumor-initiating cancer stem cells. These cancer stem cells are associated with metastasis and development of resistance to conventional anticancer approaches. Targeting cancer stem cells is essential since killing only differentiated tumor cells may lead to enrichment of cancer stem cells and thus indicate a poor prognosis. In this review, we summarize the oncolytic activity of various classes of OVs towards different types of cancer stem cells and also discuss the synergistic activity achieved by the combination of OVs with traditional therapies on chemo- and radiotherapy-resistant cancer stem cells.
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- 2020
38. High expression of FOXO3 is associated with poor prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
- Author
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Hui‑Ju Wang, Xiao‑Zhou Mou, Xiang‑Lei He, You‑Ni Zhang, Shu‑Shu Song, Zhi‑Ming Hu, Xiao‑Bing Dou, Jia‑Fu Ying, and Hong‑Ying Pan
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Cancer Research ,Tumor suppressor gene ,medicine.disease_cause ,Metastasis ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Oncogene ,business.industry ,Articles ,hepatocellular carcinoma ,medicine.disease ,Molecular medicine ,digestive system diseases ,030104 developmental biology ,Oncology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Hepatocellular carcinoma ,forkhead box O3 ,FOXO3 ,Cancer research ,Immunohistochemistry ,prognosis ,Carcinogenesis ,business - Abstract
The role of forkhead box O3 (FOXO3) as a tumor suppressor gene and its association with the human lifespan is well documented. However, several studies have indicated that high expression of FOXO3 is also significantly associated with tumorigenesis. The aim of the present study was to determine the clinical significance of FOXO3 in the development and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). mRNA expression data of FOXO3 from The Cancer Genome Atlas database was analyzed through the UALCAN online tool to compare the expression of FOXO3 between HCC and normal liver tissues. Subsequently, the expression of FOXO3 at the protein level was investigated via immunohistochemical staining of 314 HCC and 150 non-cancerous liver tissue samples. The association between protein expression and clinicopathological parameters was analyzed using the χ2 test, and the effect of FOXO3 expression on survival was assessed via Kaplan-Meier analysis. The expression of FOXO3 mRNA was significantly higher in HCC in comparison with healthy tissues. High FOXO3 protein expression was revealed in 43/150 non-cancerous liver tissues, and in 238/314 HCC samples. A significant association was demonstrated between FOXO3 expression and metastasis, Tumor-Node-Metastasis stage, Edmondson grade, α-fetoprotein level and overall survival. In conclusion, the high expression of FOXO3 predicts a poor prognosis in patients with HCC, indicating this protein as a potential therapeutic target in HCC.
- Published
- 2020
39. Oncolytic Virotherapy in Peritoneal Metastasis Gastric Cancer: The Challenges and Achievements
- Author
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Su Shao, Xue Yang, You-Ni Zhang, Xue-Jun Wang, Ke Li, Ya-Long Zhao, Xiao-Zhou Mou, and Pei-Yang Hu
- Subjects
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (miscellaneous) ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry - Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is the fourth most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death globally. Although the mortality rate in some parts of the world, such as East Asia, is still high, new treatments and lifestyle changes have effectively reduced deaths from this type of cancer. One of the main challenges of this type of cancer is its late diagnosis and poor prognosis. GC patients are usually diagnosed in the advanced stages of the disease, which is often associated with peritoneal metastasis (PM) and significantly reduces survival. This type of metastasis in patients with GC poses a serious challenge due to limitations in common therapies such as surgery and tumor resection, as well as failure to respond to systemic chemotherapy. To solve this problem, researchers have used virotherapy such as reovirus-based anticancer therapy in patients with GC along with PM who are resistant to current chemotherapies because this therapeutic approach is able to overcome immune suppression by activating dendritic cells (DCs) and eventually lead to the intrinsic activity of antitumor effector T cells. This review summarizes the immunopathogenesis of peritoneal metastasis of gastric cancer (PMGC) and the details for using virotherapy as an effective anticancer treatment approach, as well as its challenges and opportunities.
- Published
- 2021
40. Expanding the clinical spectrum of anti-IgLON5 disease: A multicenter retrospective study
- Author
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Yuting Wang, Nanxun Mo, Yining Gao, Dingding Shen, Jun Liu, Yaying Song, Meiyuan Chen, Ying Wang, Ling Zhang, Xiang Zhang, Xing Zhao, Lu He, Xiangjun Chen, Ying Zhang, Yuan Chen, Zhifeng Mao, Yajun Lian, Lisheng Peng, Fan Song, Dou Yin, Dong Lv, Sheng Chen, You Ni, and Qinming Zhou
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Epstein-Barr Virus Infections ,Herpesvirus 4, Human ,Movement disorders ,Referral ,Cell Adhesion Molecules, Neuronal ,Disease ,Hashimoto Disease ,Modified Rankin Scale ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Aged ,Autoantibodies ,Retrospective Studies ,Sleep disorder ,business.industry ,Autoantibody ,Retrospective cohort study ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Neurology ,Female ,Neurology (clinical) ,Age of onset ,medicine.symptom ,business - Abstract
Background We conducted this study to describe detailed the clinical characteristics, ancillary test results and treatment response of a group of Chinese patients with anti-IgLON5 disease. Methods We recruited 13 patients with positive IgLON5 antibodies in serum and/or cerebrospinal fluid from nine tertiary referral centers. Patients were enrolled from February 2017 to July 2021. We retrospectively collected information on the presenting and main symptoms, treatment response and follow-up outcomes. Results The median age of onset for symptoms was 60 (range: 33-73) years and six of the 13 patients were females. The predominant clinical presentations included sleep disturbance (eight patients) and cognitive impairment (seven patients), followed by movement disorders (six patients). Parainfectious cause seemed plausible. Notably, we identified the first case of possible Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-related anti-IgLON5 disease. Coexisting neural autoantibodies were identified in two patients. Furthermore, two patients had other autoimmune diseases. The IgG subclass was determined in four patients, including two with dominant IgG4 subtype and two with dominant IgG1 subtype. Additionally, 10 patients were treated with immunotherapy and four patients exhibited improvement. Overall, six of 10 patients for whom follow-up results were assessable had favorable clinical outcomes (modified Rankin Scale score ≤2). Conclusions The clinical spectrum of anti-IgLON5 disease is variable. Our results highlight a boarder spectrum of anti-IgLON5 disease.
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- 2021
41. FoxP3
- Author
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Huanyu, Meng, Shuyu, Zheng, Qinming, Zhou, Yining, Gao, You, Ni, Huafeng, Liang, and Sheng, Chen
- Subjects
myasthenia gravis ,animal structures ,Neurology ,Foxp3 ,Tr1 cells ,AChR ab ,chemical and pharmacologic phenomena ,hemic and immune systems ,interleukin 10 ,Original Research - Abstract
Introduction: The changes in the number and function of regulatory T cells (Tregs) are thought to play important roles in the pathogenesis of generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG). Previous studies have suggested the decrease of FoxP3+ Treg cells in the MG development. However, there is no study on the pathophysiological mechanism of FoxP3−Treg, especially Tr1 cells, in gMG patients. Therefore, this study was conducted to reveal the effect of Tr1 cells to the pathophysiology of gMG. Methods: Thirteen patients with gMG and twelve healthy volunteers were enrolled in this study. The titer of anti-AChR Ab was measured by ELISA. The separated PBMCs were labeled for CD4, CD25, CD49b, LAG3 and FoxP3. The CD4+ T cell count, FoxP3+ Treg to CD4+ T cell ratio and Tr1 cell to CD4+ T cell ratio were measured by flow cytometry. Based on the FoxP3+ Treg and Tr1 cell to CD4+ T cell ratios, the patients' Tr1 cell to FoxP3+ Treg ratios were calculated. The IL-6, IL-7, IL-10, TGF-β and IFN-γ concentration in the serum of MG patients and normal controls (NCs) were measured via ELISA. Results: We found a significantly positive correlation between the Tr1 cell/CD4+ T cell ratio and the anti-AChR Ab (r = 0.6889 ± 0.4414, p = 0.0401). Although there were no significant differences in the relationship between FoxP3+ Treg cells and anti-AChR Ab, a positive correlation between the Tr1 cell/FoxP3+ Treg cell ratio and the anti-AChR Ab (r = 0.7110 ± 0.4227, p = 0.0318) was observed. In addition, the Tr1 cell/CD4+ T cell ratio but not the proportion of FoxP3+ Tregs was positively correlated with IL-10 (p = 0.048). These results suggested that in the process of the immunomodulatory effect of Tr1 cells in patients with gMG, IL-10 and other cytokines may be involved, but the specific mechanism needs further study. Conclusion: This is the first study of the immunoregulatory mechanism of Tr1 cells in gMG. We conducted this study to elucidate the significance of Tr1 cells in the pathogenesis of MG. We believe that in patients with gMG, Tr1 cells may play an immunomodulatory role in counteracting AChR-related autoimmune responses. In this process, IL-10 and other immunomodulatory cytokines may be involved.
- Published
- 2021
42. A perspective on therapies for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: can disease progression be curbed?
- Author
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Sheng-Di Chen, Dingding Shen, Hongqin Shi, You Ni, Yining Gao, Xiaojiao Xu, Sheng Chen, Weidong Le, Qinming Zhou, and Huanyu Meng
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Neurology ,Cognitive Neuroscience ,Context (language use) ,Disease ,Review ,Stem cells ,Gene editing ,Bioinformatics ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,Edaravone ,medicine ,Paralysis ,Autophagy ,Humans ,Spasticity ,Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ,RC346-429 ,Motor neurons ,Clinical Trials as Topic ,Riluzole ,business.industry ,Neurodegeneration ,Disease Management ,Free Radical Scavengers ,medicine.disease ,Neuroprotective Agents ,Disease Progression ,Neurology (clinical) ,Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Stem Cell Transplantation ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease involving both upper and lower motor neurons, leading to paralysis and eventually death. Symptomatic treatments such as inhibition of salivation, alleviation of muscle cramps, and relief of spasticity and pain still play an important role in enhancing the quality of life. To date, riluzole and edaravone are the only two drugs approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of ALS in a few countries. While there is adequate consensus on the modest efficacy of riluzole, there are still open questions concerning the efficacy of edaravone in slowing the disease progression. Therefore, identification of novel therapeutic strategies is urgently needed. Impaired autophagic process plays a critical role in ALS pathogenesis. In this review, we focus on therapies modulating autophagy in the context of ALS. Furthermore, stem cell therapies, gene therapies, and newly-developed biomaterials have great potentials in alleviating neurodegeneration, which might halt the disease progression. In this review, we will summarize the current and prospective therapies for ALS.
- Published
- 2021
43. 18F-florbetapir PET/MRI for quantitatively monitoring myelin loss and recovery in patients with multiple sclerosis: A longitudinal study
- Author
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Lu He, Peihan Li, Min Zhang, Huanyu Meng, Sheng Chen, Yining Gao, Hongping Meng, Fabien Chauveau, Yao Li, Xinyun Huang, You Ni, Danni Wang, Qinming Zhou, Qiu Huang, Jingyi Hu, Biao Li, Meidi Chen, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University [Shanghai], Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Chauveau, Fabien, Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Subjects
Longitudinal study ,Medicine (General) ,[SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging ,01 natural sciences ,White matter ,Multiple sclerosis ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,R5-920 ,Fractional anisotropy ,medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,[SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC] ,0101 mathematics ,10. No inequality ,[SDV.IB] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering ,Expanded Disability Status Scale ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Myelin loss and recovery ,010102 general mathematics ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Confidence interval ,3. Good health ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,[SDV.IB.IMA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging ,18F-florbetapir ,PET/MRI ,Positron emission tomography ,[SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC] ,[SDV.IB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering ,Demyelination ,Nuclear medicine ,business ,Research Paper ,Diffusion MRI - Abstract
Background Amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) can measure in-vivo demyelination in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). However, the value of 18F-labeled amyloid PET tracer, 18F-florbetapir in the longitudinal study for monitoring myelin loss and recovery has not been confirmed. Methods From March 2019 to September 2020, twenty-three patients with MS and nine healthy controls (HCs) underwent a hybrid PET/MRI at baseline and expanded disability status scale (EDSS) assessment, and eight of 23 patients further underwent follow-up PET/MRI. The distribution volume ratio (DVR) and standard uptake value ratio (SUVR) of 18F-florbetapir in damaged white matter (DWM) and normal-appearance white matter (NAWM) were obtained from dynamic and static PET acquisition. Diffusion tensor imaging-derived parameters were also calculated. Data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation with 99% confidence interval (99%CI). Finding The mean DVR (1.08 ± 0.12, 99%CI [1.02 ~ 1.14]) but not the mean SUVR of DWM lesions was lower than that of NAWM in patients with MS (1.25 ± 0.10, 99%CI [1.20 ~ 1.31]) and HCs (1.29 ± 0.08, 99%CI [1.23 ~ 1.36]). A trend toward lower mean fractional anisotropy (374.95 ± 45.30 vs. 419.07 ± 4.83) and higher mean radial diffusivity (0.45 ± 0.05 vs. 0.40 ± 0.01) of NAWM in patients with MS than those in HCs was found. DVR decreased in DWM lesions with higher MD (rho = -0.261, 99%CI [-0.362 ~ -0.144]), higher AD (rho = -0.200, 99%CI [-0.318 ~ -0.070]) and higher RD (rho = -0.198, 99%CI [-0.313 ~ -0.075]). Patients’ EDSS scores were reduced (B = 0.04, 99%CI [-0.005 ~ 0.084]) with decreased index of global demyelination in the longitudinal study. Interpretation Our exploratory study suggests that dynamic 18F-florbetapir PET/MRI may be a very promising tool for quantitatively monitoring myelin loss and recovery in patients with MS. Funding Shanghai Pujiang Program, Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty, Shanghai Shuguang Plan Project, Shanghai Health and Family Planning Commission Research Project, Clinical Research Plan of SHDC, French-Chinese program "Xu Guangqi".
- Published
- 2021
44. Organoid models of the tumor microenvironment and their applications
- Author
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You-Ni Zhang, Tao Xia, Wen-Lin Du, and Xiao-Yi Chen
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,organoid ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Reviews ,Review ,Biology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Tumour tissue ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Organoid ,cancer ,drug screening ,Drug toxicity ,Tumor microenvironment ,business.industry ,Cancer ,personalized medicine ,Cell Biology ,Immunotherapy ,medicine.disease ,030104 developmental biology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Cancer cell ,Cancer research ,Molecular Medicine ,immunotherapy ,Personalized medicine ,tumour microenvironment ,business - Abstract
A small percentage of data obtained from animal/2D culture models can be translated to humans. Therefore, there is a need to using native tumour microenvironment mimicking models to improve preclinical screening and reduce this attrition rate. For this purpose, currently, the utilization of organoids is expanding. Tumour organoids can recapitulate tumour microenvironment that is including cancer cells and non‐neoplastic host components. Indeed, tumour organoids, both phenotypically and genetically, resemble the tumour tissue that originated from it. The unique properties of the tumour microenvironment can significantly affect drug response and cancer progression. In this review, we will discuss about various organoid culture strategies for modelling the tumour immune microenvironment, their applications and advantages in cancer research such as testing cancer immunotherapeutics, developing novel approaches for personalized medicine, testing drug toxicity, drug screening, study cancer initiation and progression, and we will also review the limitations of organoid culture systems.
- Published
- 2021
45. Increased expression of coronin-1a in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a potential diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target
- Author
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Qinming Zhou, Lu He, Jin Hu, Yining Gao, Dingding Shen, You Ni, Yuening Qin, Huafeng Liang, Jun Liu, Weidong Le, and Sheng Chen
- Subjects
Motor Neurons ,Mice ,Cytoskeletal Proteins ,Calcineurin ,Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ,Microfilament Proteins ,Animals ,General Medicine - Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the most common motor neuron disease. At present, no definite ALS biomarkers are available. In this study, exosomes from the plasma of patients with ALS and healthy controls were extracted, and differentially expressed exosomal proteins were compared. Among them, the expression of exosomal coronin-1a (CORO1A) was 5.3-fold higher than that in the controls. CORO1A increased with disease progression at a certain proportion in the plasma of patients with ALS and in the spinal cord of ALS mice. CORO1A was also overexpressed in NSC-34 motor neuron-like cells, and apoptosis, oxidative stress, and autophagic protein expression were evaluated. CORO1A overexpression resulted in increased apoptosis and oxidative stress, overactivated autophagy, and hindered the formation of autolysosomes. Moreover, CORO1A activated Ca
- Published
- 2021
46. Organoid models of the tumor microenvironment and their applications
- Author
-
Xia, Tao, primary, Du, Wen‐Lin, additional, Chen, Xiao‐Yi, additional, and Zhang, You‐Ni, additional
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Autophagy and Alzheimer's Disease
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Sheng, Chen, Qinming, Zhou, You, Ni, and Weidong, Le
- Subjects
Lewy Body Disease ,Alzheimer Disease ,Dementia, Vascular ,Frontotemporal Dementia ,Autophagy ,Humans - Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia and is characterized by progressive cognitive decline. Increasing evidence has demonstrated that the autophagic process plays an important role in AD. In this chapter, we will discuss the role of autophagy in the pathogenesis of AD and other types of dementia, including dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), vascular dementia (VD) and prion diseases. In addition, we will discuss autophagy-targeted therapies as future treatments for AD.
- Published
- 2020
48. Autophagy and Alzheimer’s Disease
- Author
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Qinming Zhou, Sheng Chen, You Ni, and Weidong Le
- Subjects
Dementia with Lewy bodies ,business.industry ,Autophagy ,Disease ,medicine.disease ,Progressive cognitive decline ,nervous system diseases ,Pathogenesis ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,mental disorders ,medicine ,Dementia ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Vascular dementia ,business ,Neuroscience ,Frontotemporal dementia - Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia and is characterized by progressive cognitive decline. Increasing evidence has demonstrated that the autophagic process plays an important role in AD. In this chapter, we will discuss the role of autophagy in the pathogenesis of AD and other types of dementia, including dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), vascular dementia (VD) and prion diseases. In addition, we will discuss autophagy-targeted therapies as future treatments for AD.
- Published
- 2020
49. The expression of natriuretic peptide receptors in developing zebrafish embryos
- Author
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You Ni, Jie Gong, Lin-Lin Chai, Guangmin Xu, and Dong Liu
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Gene isoform ,Embryo, Nonmammalian ,Embryonic Development ,In situ hybridization ,Biology ,Pronephric duct ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Genetics ,Animals ,Receptor ,Molecular Biology ,Zebrafish ,Phylogeny ,Embryogenesis ,Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ,Zebrafish Proteins ,NPR1 ,biology.organism_classification ,NPR2 ,Cell biology ,030104 developmental biology ,Receptors, Atrial Natriuretic Factor ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Developmental Biology - Abstract
There are three isoforms of natriuretic peptide (NP) specific cell surface receptor: NP receptor-A (NPRA), receptor-B (NPRB), and receptor-C (NPRC). They are also known as NPR1, NPR2 and NPR3, respectively. NPs and their receptors were revealed to involve in diverse cellular and physiological processes including renal, cardiovascular, neuronal, and immunological aspects. However, the systematic analysis of the expression of these receptors in non-mammalian vertebrates is thus far lacking. In this study, two versions of the npr1 gene (npr1a and npr1b) in zebrafish was identified. Multiple sequences alignment analysis showed that zebrafish NPRs shared high homologies with NPRs of other species and possessed a typical signature domain of NPRs. The results of whole mount in situ hybridization and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that at embryonic stages, npr1a was mainly expressed in tectal ventricle, brian, heart and retina, whereas npr1b was broadly present in anterior pronephric duct. Unlike npr1, npr2 mainly expressed in branchial arches and neural tube during embryonic development. However, npr3 was expressed in pronephric ducts and corpuscle of stannius in zebrafish embryos at 72 hpf. In adults, we demonstrated that all the three NP receptors were highly existed in brain and kidney. Overall, these findings will provide an important basis for the functional analysis of NPs and its receptor during embryonic development.
- Published
- 2018
50. An Agent-Based Simulation Model for Parking Variable Message Sign Location Problem
- Author
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Daniel Sun and Xun-You Ni
- Subjects
050210 logistics & transportation ,Operations research ,Computer science ,Mechanical Engineering ,05 social sciences ,Variable-message sign ,02 engineering and technology ,Supply and demand ,Variable (computer science) ,Overconsumption ,Balance (accounting) ,0502 economics and business ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,020201 artificial intelligence & image processing ,Civil and Structural Engineering - Abstract
Parking spaces are often in short supply in urban areas. To balance the supply and demand and alleviate the overconsumption of public spaces, parking variable message signs (parking VMSs) are commonly used to release information on space availability to drivers en route. The aim of this study was to find the optimal positions for parking VMSs. To achieve the objective, we first define the major decision point (MDP) as the intersection where the newly generated path deviates from the previous one. When informed that the target parking lot is fully occupied, the driver would divert to an alternative one. The route to the alternative parking lot is indicated as the newly generated path, while the one leading to the original parking lot is denoted as the previous one. Quantitatively, MDPs with the highest frequency of occurrence are selected as the candidate positions. Then, an agent-based simulation is proposed to identify the MDPs induced by changes of space availability and the selection of routes. The results indicate that the proposed location algorithm slightly outperforms the scheme with the completed parking information in terms of average travel time and average travel distance. The algorithm can be further integrated into a simulation package, which may assist in the design and operation of an urban parking guidance and information system.
- Published
- 2018
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