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Faping You, 1–5 Junhui Li, 1–4 Peijin Zhang, 1–4 Hui Zhang, 1–4 Xuchen Cao 1–4 1First Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, People’s Republic of China; 2Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, People’s Republic of China; 3Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, People’s Republic of China; 4Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300060, People’s Republic of China; 5Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, Shandong Province 257034, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Xuchen CaoFirst Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huan-Hu-Xi Road, Hexi District 300060 Tel +86 22 23340123 2071Email giynvsyd@163.com, Tianjin, People’s Republic of ChinaObjective: To explore the effect of miR106a on the growth of breast cancer xenografts and the sensitivity of chemotherapeutic agents.Methods: Breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB231 and MCF7) were transfected with an miR106 mimic and miR106a inhibitor. BALB/c female nude mice were selected to construct a transplanted-tumor model. Cisplatin treatment was performed 2 weeks after inoculation. After 5 weeks, tumor tissue was weighed. Apoptosis of tumor cells was detected by TUNEL staining. The expression of these proteins (Ki67, β-catenin, cyclin D1 and cMyc) was detected by immunohistochemistry. The contents of P53, RUNX3, ABCG2, β-catenin, BAX, and BCL2 mRNA were detected by qRT-PCR.Results: The miR106a mimic (MM) group’s tumor volume and weight were significantly bigger than those of the model group. miR106a mRNA content was higher than the blank control group, and β-catenin and Ki67 protein were strongly positive. β-catenin, BCL2, and ABCG2 mRNA content was were increased. P53, BAX, and RUNX3 mRNA content was decreased. The number of positive cells on TUNEL staining was significantly lower in the miR106a inhibitor (MI) group. After cisplatin treatment, inhibition of tumor growth was most obvious in the MI+DDP (cisplatin) group. Compared with the MM group, tumor growth in the MM+FH535 (Wnt-pathway inhibitor) group was significantly lower, and Wnt-pathway activity was decreased.Conclusion: Overexpression of miR106a can promote the growth of transplanted breast cancer and decrease the sensitivity of transplanted tumors to cisplatin. The mechanism may be related to abnormal activation of the Wnt-signaling pathway.Keywords: miR106a, breast cancer transplantation tumor, MDA-MB231, MCF7, chemotherapeutic drug sensitivity

Computational high-throughput screening was carried out to assess a large number of experimentally reported metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and zeolites for their utility in hexane isomer separation. Through the work, we identified many MOFs and zeolites with high selectivity (SL+M > 10) for the group of n-hexane, 2-methylpentane, and 3-methylpentane (linear and monobranched isomers) versus 2,2-dimethylbutane and 2,3-dimethylbutane (dibranched isomers). This group of selective sorbents includes VICDOC (Fe2(BDP)3), a MOF with triangular pores that is known to exhibit high isomer selectivity and capacity. For three of these structures, the adsorption isotherms for a 10-component mixture of hexane and heptane isomers were calculated. Subsequent simulations of column breakthrough curves showed that the DEYVUA MOF exhibits a longer process cycle time than VICDOC MOF or MRE zeolite, which are previously reported, high-performing materials, illustrating the importance of capacity in designing MOFs for practical applications. Among the identified candidates, we synthesized and characterized a MOF in a new copper form with high predicted adsorbent capacity (qL+M > 1.2 mol/L) and moderately high selectivity (SL+M ≈ 10). Finally, we examined the role of pore shape in hexane isomer separations, especially of triangular-shaped pores. We show through the potential energy surface and three-dimensional siting analyses that linear alkanes do not populate the corners of narrow triangular channels and that structures with nontriangular pores can efficiently separate hexane isomers. Detailed thermodynamic analysis illustrates how differences in the free energy of adsorption contribute to shape-selective separation in nanoporous materials.

The US Wheat Genome Project, funded by the National Science Foundation, developed the first large public Triticeae expressed sequence tag (EST) resource. Altogether, 116,272 ESTs were produced, comprising 100,674 5' ESTs and 15 598 3' ESTs. These ESTs were derived from 42 cDNA libraries, which were created from hexaploid bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and its close relatives, including diploid wheat (T. monococcum L. and Aegilops speltoides L.), tetraploid wheat (T. turgidum L.), and rye (Secale cereale L.), using tissues collected from various stages of plant growth and development and under diverse regimes of abiotic and biotic stress treatments. ESTs were assembled into 18,876 contigs and 23,034 singletons, or 41,910 wheat unigenes. Over 90% of the contigs contained fewer than 10 EST members, implying that the ESTs represented a diverse selection of genes and that genes expressed at low and moderate to high levels were well sampled. Statistical methods were used to study the correlation of gene expression patterns, based on the ESTs clustered in the 1536 contigs that contained at least 10 5' EST members and thus representing the most abundant genes expressed in wheat. Analysis further identified genes in wheat that were significantly upregulated (p < 0.05) in tissues under various abiotic stresses when compared with control tissues. Though the function annotation cannot be assigned for many of these genes, it is likely that they play a role associated with the stress response. This study predicted the possible functionality for 4% of total wheat unigenes, which leaves the remaining 96% with their functional roles and expression patterns largely unknown. Nonetheless, the EST data generated in this project provide a diverse and rich source for gene discovery in wheat.

Abstract The World Health Organization states that early diagnosis is essential to increasing the cure rate for breast cancer, which poses a danger to women’s health worldwide. However, the efficacy and cost limitations of conventional diagnostic techniques increase the possibility of misdiagnosis. In this work, we present a quantum hybrid classical convolutional neural network (QCCNN) based breast cancer diagnosis approach with the goal of utilizing quantum computing’s high-dimensional data processing power and parallelism to increase diagnosis efficiency and accuracy. When working with large-scale and complicated datasets, classical convolutional neural network (CNN) and other machine learning techniques generally demand a large amount of computational resources and time. Their restricted capacity for generalization makes it challenging to maintain consistent performance across multiple data sets. To address these issues, this paper adds a quantum convolutional layer to the classical convolutional neural network to take advantage of quantum computing to improve learning efficiency and processing speed. Simulation experiments on three breast cancer datasets, GBSG, SEER and WDBC, validate the robustness and generalization of QCCNN and significantly outperform CNN and logistic regression models in classification accuracy. This study not only provides a novel method for breast cancer diagnosis but also achieves a breakthrough in breast cancer diagnosis and promotes the development of medical diagnostic technology.

Abstract Objective Transcranial sonography (TCS) is a noninvasive neuroimaging technique, visualizing deep brain structures and the ventricular system. Although widely employed in diagnosing various movement disorders, such as Parkinson's disease and dystonia, by detecting disease‐specific abnormalities, the specific characteristics of the TCS in cerebellar ataxia remain inconclusive. We aimed to assess the potential value of TCS in patients with cerebellar ataxias for disease diagnosis and severity assessment. Methods TCS on patients with genetic and acquired cerebellar ataxia, including 94 with spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) containing 10 asymptomatic carriers, 95 with cerebellar subtype of multiple system atrophy (MSA‐C), and 100 healthy controls (HC), was conducted. Assessments included third ventricle width, substantia nigra (SN) and lentiform nucleus (LN) echogenicity, along with comprehensive clinical evaluations and genetic testing. Results The study revealed significant TCS abnormalities in patients with cerebellar ataxia, such as enlarged third ventricle widths and elevated rates of hyperechogenic SN and LN. TCS showed high accuracy in distinguishing patients with SCA or MSA‐C from HC, with an AUC of 0.870 and 0.931, respectively. TCS abnormalities aided in identifying asymptomatic SCA carriers, effectively differentiating them from HC, with an AUC of 0.725. Furthermore, third ventricle width was significantly correlated with SARA and ICARS scores in patients with SCA3 and SCOPA‐AUT scores in patients with MSA‐C. The SN area and SARA or ICARS scores in patients with SCA3 were also positively correlated. Interpretation Our findings illustrate remarkable TCS abnormalities in patients with cerebellar ataxia, serving as potential biomarkers for clinical diagnosis and progression assessment.

Here we summarize the most recent findings in the chemical-, photo-, or enzyme-triggered generation of nitrogen and oxygen anions leading to the formation of quinone methide intermediates (QMIs). This short review is divided into two categories: generation of nitrogen and oxygen anions. Based on quinone methide intermediates (QMIs), proximate capture of a wide range of proteins has been widely determined and studied. Generally, the triggers include, photoirradiation using 365/254 nm UV light, small molecules (ROS/TBAF/ s -tetrazine), metal catalysis (iridium catalysis), and enzymes (NQO1/β-galactosidase). New directions including far-red light, heat, force, microwave, and more practical approaches are explored and illustrated. 1 Introduction 2 Generation of the Nitrogen Anion 3 Generation of the Oxygen Anion 4 Conclusion [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research on the thermal decomposition of propellant is critical to determining its safe storage life. The thermogravimetry (TG) testing of nitramine propellants plasticized by nitroglycerin (NG), glycidyl azide polymer (GAP), 2,2-dinitropropanol hexanoate (DNPH), and N-butyl-2-nitratoethylnitramine (BuNENA) was performed under non-isothermal circumstances. The thermal decomposition mechanism of propellant was then analyzed using the model-fitting method, and the storage life was predicted based on the mechanism. The results show that when heated to the same mass loss, the temperature of GAP-NC-RDX, BuNENA-NC-RDX, and DNPH-NC-RDX is higher than that of NG-NC-RDX. GAP-NC-RDX, BuNENA-NC-RDX, and DNPH-NC-RDX propellants have superior thermal stability to that of NG-NC-RDX. The kinetic mechanism functions and equations of the propellants were calculated, and multi-step reaction models of the thermal decomposition were built. The major thermal decomposition mechanism of nitramine propellants was discovered to be composite autocatalytic decomposition (Kamal-Sourour equation), which means that the reaction of reactants and the reaction catalyzed by products occur in tandem. The decomposition depth of propellants increases as the temperature rises during the same storage time. The storage lifetimes of GAP-NC-RDX, BuNENA-NC-RDX, DNPH-NC-RDX, and NG-NC-RDX propellants at 288 K are 28.71 years, 24.49 years, 18.34 years, and 16.33 years, respectively. The inclusion of GAP, DNPH, and BuNENA in the formulation improves the storage life of propellant more than NG. This study offers an attractive strategy for analyzing the decomposition mechanism of propellant with a multi-step decomposition reaction and forecasting its storage life.

The widespread occurrence of toxic arsenic in sulfidic and non-ferrous waste tailings hinders its disposal as cement paste backfill (CPB). Alkali activated slag (AAS) has recently begun to be practiced as an alternative to normal Portland cement (OPC). Nevertheless, technical information on arsenic immobilization and mechanical characteristics of arsenic-rich AAS-CPB is rather few. The impacts of activator nature, cure temperature and arsenic content on strength and arsenic immobilization of AAS-CPB explored. Despite AAS-CPB having greater strength, OPC-CPB consistently has a stronger (1.7–21.1% higher) ability to immobilize arsenic. The optimum silica modulus for maximal strength and arsenic immobilization capability depends on curing time. Strength at3 days is enhanced by higher activator doses, whereas strength at later ages (≥ 28 days) is decreased. At all curing ages, the lowest arsenic immobilization capacity is produced by medium activator concentration (0.35). Irrespective of cement type, strength increases as curing temperature rose, however OPC-CPB's strength is more responsive to temperature changes than AAS-CPB's. At room temperature (20°C), OPC-CPB has a higher (6.0–21.1% greater) arsenic immobilization efficiency (AIE) than AAS-CPB, but the opposite is true at lower (5°C) and higher (35°C) temperatures (i.e., 5.4–12.0% and 4.4–12.0% lower at 5 and 35°C respectively). Early on, the influence of arsenic content on strength is not immediately apparent, but it tends to become more obvious with longer curing times. As a role of cement type and elapsed time, high arsenic contents cause a rise or a decrease in AIE. Notably, there is no apparent connection between UCS and AIE. Electrical conductivity and moisture content can be steadily employed to portray the hydration progression of both arsenic-free and arsenic-containing CPB.

Power-Hardware-in-the-Loop (PHIL) is a kind of real-time simulation, capable of exchanging not just low-voltage, low current signals, but the power required by the power device under test (PDuT). PHIL requires a PDuT to be connected to a real-time digital power network simulator via a power interface (PI). There have been quite a few PIs proposed in the past. Among them, the ideal transformer model (ITM) is the most commonly used due to its ease of implementation. Other PIs such as partial circuit duplication and damping impedance can be considered as an extended version of the ITM. These PIs need to follow a strict impedance ratio between PDuT and the rest of the system prior to the PHIL implementation, which could be a tedious and difficult task. This paper proposed a new PI for PHIL based on multi-dimensional golden section search algorithm, which can eliminate such a constraint. The proposed method has been shown to have wider stability regions when PDuT is a passive device or active one such as an inverter based resource. Moreover, dynamic responses of the proposed method are similar to those of the ITM under stable conditions. The validity of the proposed method has been justified with offline simulation and experimental PHIL setups.

Energetic plasticizers are an essential component of propellants and have a significant impact on their performance, such as energy, combustion, and mechanics. Therefore, there is significant practical value in understanding how plasticizers affect the performance of propellants. In this work, the glass transition temperatures of several energetic plasticizers were compared. By adding energetic plasticizers with good compatibility with the propellant and a low glass transition temperature to the propellant, nitramine gun propellants containing different energetic plasticizers were prepared through a semi-solvent method. The compatibility, thermal behavior, phase structure, composition, mechanical properties, energy, and combustion performance of the nitramine gun propellants were characterized. The influence of plasticizers on the phase structure of the propellant and its mechanism on the combustion performance of the propellant were discussed. Energetic plasticizers GAPE, DNPH, and BuNENA have good compatibility and chemical stability with NC-RDX and display good plasticization. GAPE–NC–RDX, DNPH–NC–RDX, and BuNENA–NC–RDX propellants exhibit stable combustion performance at −40 °C, 20 °C, and 50 °C. Compared with the nitramine gun propellant plasticized with NG, the impact strength of the propellant plasticized with DNPH and BuNENA increased by 108.1 % and 17.2 % at −40 °C, respectively. This work offers a solution to improve the phase structure, mechanical properties, and combustion stability of heterogeneous gun propellants and provides a way to suppress the excessive burning rate and flame temperature of propellants.