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Granulomatous mastitis (GM), a benign inflammatory disease of the breast, often mimics breast cancer on presentation. We present a case of GM during pregnancy manifesting as a breast mass, sudden onset of plantar pain, and erythema nodosum (EN). A 31‐year‐old pregnant Japanese woman, gravida 2, para 1, was referred to our hospital with severe plantar pain on both soles, causing difficulty walking. This pain worsened and EN appeared on both lower legs, followed by a left breast mass. Ultrasound findings suggested malignancy; however, aspiration biopsy confirmed GM. Her arthritis and EN resolved 2 days after commencing oral prednisolone and her walking improved. EN with/without arthritis is commonly associated with GM, especially during pregnancy. The described manifestations with a breast mass are suggestive of this diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present two critical cases of life‐threatening postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) due to amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) complicated by disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (DIC). These cases are the first to show the effectiveness of resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) for patient survival. In Case 1, the patient, experiencing critical conditions with severe PPH and DIC despite conventional treatments, including rapid blood transfusion and fibrinogen concentrate, was air‐transferred to our hospital, where REBOA was promptly employed before hysterectomy was completed. Case 2 involved an ambulance‐transferred patient with massive PPH and DIC despite conventional treatments. Prehospital REBOA was performed to prevent cardiac arrest during transfer, and hysterectomy was performed in the hospital. Given the rapid deterioration associated with AFE, REBOA can serve as a bridge until complete hemostasis to maintain vital signs and control bleeding in patients unresponsive to standard therapies before hemostatic interventions or during transfer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The purpose of this study was to establish a simple method to distinguish premature ventricular contractions (PVC) from premature atrial contractions (PAC) using a fetal Doppler ultrasound arterial pulse waveform to measure time intervals between sinus node restarting. Methods: We retrospectively identified 14 fetuses with premature contraction (8 with PAC, 6 with PVC). We measured two distinct parts of time intervals using an arterial pulsed‐wave Doppler: the two consecutive waveforms just before the premature contraction (2‐V interval) and two consecutive waveforms including the premature contraction (XV interval) to measure time intervals between sinus node restarting. We then evaluated the time difference between the 2‐V and XV intervals in PVC compared to PAC. Results: For PVC, the difference between the 2‐V interval and the XV interval was significantly shorter than that for PAC. A cut‐off point of 33 ms, where a difference ≤33 ms was clearly shown to be associated with a PVC and a difference more than 33 ms signified a PAC was demonstrated. Conclusion: The 2‐V and XV interval measurements, used to measure time intervals between sinus node restarting, could easily distinguish PVC from PAC in utero. Therefore, this study could potentially be a feasible and effective method for obstetricians or sonographers to employ usefully. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present a case of a 34‐year‐old pregnant woman with a prior cesarean delivery presenting with placenta previa. Placenta previa accreta was diagnosed from missing decidual flow signals using superb microvascular imaging (SMI). At 31 weeks' gestation, B‐mode ultrasonography showed that the placenta was attached to the anterior uterine segment, extending over the internal cervical os. In normally appearing myometrium, SMI demonstrated double layers of flow signals underneath the placental basal plate, corresponding to myometrial and decidual flows. The thin myometrium located on the bladder where sonolucent zones were not visible revealed three different flow patterns in the Doppler signals underneath the basal plate as follows: double layers (both myometrium and decidual tissues present); a single layer (myometrium alone) or no layers (decidual tissues missing). A cesarean hysterectomy was performed at 37 weeks, and histology confirmed the presence of placenta accreta. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]