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Conventional propagation experiences problems due to long period for seed production, disease contamination, low reproductive rate and season dependent. In vitro propagation offers several advantages. This research aims to assess the impact of different media types and the concentrations of BAP and IBA on the in vitro growth and development of A. muelleri shoots. Bulbil explants were cultivated using MS media with different media types (solid media, agitated liquid media, and static liquid media) with various BAP and IBA concentration treatments (1 mg/l, 2 mg/l, and 3 mg/l). The results demonstrated that the media type and combinations of BAP and IBA treatments significantly influenced period of callus formation and the number of shoots. The development of explant on both solid and static liquid media involves initial explant swelling, formation of nodular callus, greenish buds, and ultimately shoots. Anatomical observation showed that explants experienced indirect organogenesis, characterized by the presence of pre meristem nodular callus, meristematic tissue, apical meristem and leaf primordia. The agitated liquid media didn’t promote growth and development of the explants. The most effective combination was found to be the static liquid media supplemented with 3 mg/l BAP and 1 mg/l IBA.

Food security is the condition of fulfilling food needs in terms of quantity and quality from household to national levels, and one way to meet these needs is through the application of Sustainable Food Gardens (P2L). Sustainable Food Gardens are crucial for enhancing food self-sufficiency, supporting food consumption diversification by cultivating various crops and raising livestock, optimizing land use in household gardens, and contributing to local economic strengthening through local production. The implementation of P2L enables communities to contribute to environmental sustainability in the agricultural sector. This service is conducted in Cijaku Village, Cijaku District, Lebak Regency, Banten Province. It utilizes qualitative descriptive methods by conducting socialization, assistance, focus group discussions, and evaluation. Empowering communities through Sustainable Food Utilization to support household food security involves various factors that support sustainability and food self-sufficiency at the local level. The results of the socialization showed that 48.14% of respondents did not know about the P2L program before, and 40.74% had never attended related training. After the socialization, 51.85% of the community understood that P2L could help family food security, and 59.26% started implementing P2L by planting green vegetables. Socialization is considered easy to do (48.14%) and well-delivered (51.85%). P2L can support food diversification, and sustainable land management, serve as an adaptation strategy to climate change, optimize water usage, empower women, increase household production, and enhance community involvement in meeting food needs independently.

This research aims to analyze the financial performance of local government in the Toba Regency. The data source uses secondary data in the form of Toba Regency government financial reports for 2020-2022. Data were analyzed using a quantitative descriptive approach. The financial performance of the Toba Regency government is measured using eight financial ratios. The results of the research show that the financial performance of the Toba Regency government in terms of regional financial independence, regional financial dependence, and the degree of fiscal decentralization obtained meagre results. The level of effectiveness of local original revenue (LOR) and the effectiveness of local taxes obtained very effective results. The level of LOR efficiency and regional tax efficiency obtained very efficient results. The degree of contribution of regionally owned enterprises (ROEP) resulted in low contribution results. Overall, the Toba Regency needs to improve at implementing and managing finances. This research can be a reference for the Toba Regency government in improving financial performance through eight financial ratios so that budget use is effective and efficient.

Sengketa tanah akhir-akhir ini menjadi isu yang sangat sentral yang menjadikan skala prioritas segera bisa terselesaikan, ketidakberdayaan lembaga peradilan untuk menyelesaikan penyelesaian sengketa tanah diberbagai wilayah, menjadikan kepercayaan masyarakat berkurang. Oleh karena itu diperlukan penyelesaian lain (opsi lain), untuk mengatasi berbagai kasus penyelesaian pertanahan di negerini ini. Yaitu penyelesaiannya di luar pengadilan (Non Litigasi) Kota Depok, daerah Propinsi Jawa Barat, berbagai persoalan pertanahan banyak sekali yang tidak bisa diselesaikan, ketidakmampuan lembaga pemerintah Kantor Pertanahan Kota Depok, untuk segera mengatasi mungkin persoalan tersebut biar tidak menambah persoalan menjadi semakin sulit. Permasalahan bidang pertanahan di wilayah Kota Depok Jawa Barat mempengaruhi berbagai faktor, karena wilayah depok yang bersinggungan langsung dengan pusar pemerintahan DKI Jakarta, sehingga kebutuhan tanah menjadi hal yang tidak bisa dihindari, hal ini menjadi permasalahn dibidang pertanahan menjadi eskalali tinggi. Untuk mencari solusi agar permasalahan tersebut dapat diatasi, harapan permasalahan selesai maka tanah dapat dimanfaatkan secara ekonomi. Salah satu alternatif solusi untuk menyelesaikan penyelesaian pertanahan dengan melalui Mediasi (Non Litigasi), disisi lain hal tersebut dapat dilakukan secara efektif dan efisien, dengan biaya murah, waktu singkat, dengan sebuah syarat bahwa para pihak dalam penyelesaian pertanahan dapat menerima dengan rasa keadilan. Melalui kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini dalam bentuk penyuluhan hukum yang bertemakan “Penyuluhan Hukum Penyelesaian Sengketa Tanah Atau Lahan Melalui Jalur Non Litigasi atau Diluar Ranah Pengadilan Diwilayah Kelurahan Pangkalan Jati Baru Kecamatan Cinere Kota Depok” diharapkan bisa memberikan solusi atau opsi bagi permasalahan yang saat ini masih terjadi di Kelurahan Pangkalan Jati Baru Kecamatan Cinere Kota Depok. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini sudah sebelumnya pernah dilaksanakan dua kali tahun 2021 dan tahun ini 2022 dengan tema berbeda. Kegiatan Abdimas ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode ceramah, diskusi dengan menghadirkan perangkat kelurahan, tokoh masyarakat, ketua RT, RW yang ada dilingkungan kelurahan Pangkalan Jati Baru. Kesimpulan Dari hasil kegiatan Abdimas masyarakat sangat antusias banyaknya pertanyaan-pertanyaan yang dilontarkan kepada penyaji dan keingintahuan tentang pertanahan sangat serius, peserta Abdimas menyarankan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bisa berkesinambungan memberikan wacana atau gambaran hal hal yang berkaitan dengan penebangan lahan atau dengan tema yang lain

The anti-corrosive properties of Gambir extract on SS-316 stainless steel were studied. It was found that the addition of Gambir extract in the HCl solution decreased the SS-316 average corrosion current density (I_corr) compared to the blank solution. The response surface methodology plot showed that I_corr increased with increasing HCl concentration and contact time, but decreased with higher concentrations of Gambir extract, indicating its effectiveness in inhibiting corrosion even under harsher conditions. Surface characterization confirmed the formation of this protective layer, while FTIR analysis identified the main functional groups involved in the metal-inhibitor interaction.

Background: Lead exposure is a growing concern in recent public health because lead acts as an oxidant, causing oxidative stress. In this context, the administration of exogenous antioxidants is imperative. Our preliminary study revealed that Gynura procumbens leaf and root contain phenolics and flavonoids. The current study aims to determine the potency of G. procumbens adventitious root (ARGp) in preventing oxidative stress caused by lead exposure and the potential as an anti-cancer agent. Methods: ARGp was induced from leaf explant, propagated inside a bioreactor, and macerated by methanol. Balb/C mice were used in an in vivo study and divided into 5 groups, as follows: P1 (distilled water); P2 (Pb 100 mg/L); P3 (ARGp-100 mg/L + Pb 100 mg/L); P4 (ARGp-200 mg/L + Pb 100 mg/L); and P5 (ARGp-300 mg/L + Pb 100 mg/L). Hematologic parameters, the level of lipid peroxidation, and GPx-4 antioxidant gene expression were subsequently recorded. Results: Administration of ARGp significantly increased the hematocrit and mean corpuscular volume but did not significantly increase the mean corpuscular hemoglobin compared to lead exposure (P2). In contrast, ARGp significantly lowered the mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and white blood count compared to P2. ARGp significantly decreased liver and kidney lipid peroxidation but not in the serum. These findings are consistent with the ability of ARGp to enhance endogenous antioxidant gene expression, especially GPx-4 . Furthermore, ARGp exhibited a cytotoxic effect on the hepatoma (Huh7it) cell line with an IC 50 44.65 mg/L. Conclusion: ARGp possesses antioxidants by restoring hematologic damage, lowering lipid peroxidation, and increasing antioxidant gene expression, as well as anti-cancer activity.

Background The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in extreme strain on health systems including the health workforce, essential health services and vaccination coverage. We examined disruptions to immunisation and maternal and child health (MCH) services, concerns of personal well-being and delivery of healthcare during the pandemic as well as factors associated with self-reported trauma or burnout among healthcare providers (HCPs).Methods In March–April 2022, we conducted a cross-sectional survey among HCPs in two provinces of Indonesia. HCPs involved in COVID-19 or routine immunisation and MCH services were randomly selected from district/city health office registration lists. We descriptively analysed service disruptions experienced by HCPs as well as trauma, burnout and concerns of personal well-being and delivery of healthcare during the pandemic. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were undertaken to identify factors associated with trauma or burnout.Results We recruited 604 HCPs. Mobilisation of staff from routine health services to COVID-19 response duties was a key reason for service disruptions (87.9%). Strategies such as community outreach and task shifting were implemented to overcome disruptions. Trauma or burnout during the pandemic was reported by 64.1% HCPs, with 23.5% reporting worse mental or emotional health.Factors associated with trauma or burnout included delivery of COVID-19 immunisation (adjusted OR (aOR) 2.54, 95% CI 1.08 to 5.94); and delivery of both COVID-19 immunisation and routine immunisation compared with no involvement in vaccination programmes (aOR 2.42, 95% CI 1.06 to 5.52); poor treatment in the workplace (aOR 2.26, 95% CI 1.51 to 3.38) and lower confidence to respond to patient queries on COVID-19 immunisation (aOR 1.51, 95% CI 1.03 to 2.22).Conclusion HCPs experienced service disruptions, trauma and burnout and implemented strategies to minimise disruptions to service delivery and improve patient experiences. Our study highlights the need to ensure that workforce resilience and strategies to protect and support HCPs are considered for pandemic planning, preparedness and management.

Coral-dwelling gall crabs (Cryptochiridae) are common inhabitants of scleractinian corals. Several species have been described as new in recent years, including Lithoscaptus doughnut, which was described from Hong Kong based on a single female retrieved from the coral Plesiastrea peroni. Here we extend the distribution range of L. doughnut with nine additional localities throughout the Indo-West Pacific, from the Red Sea to the Coral Triangle and Japan. We describe a male specimen of L. doughnut for the first time, based on a specimen from Malaysia, and provide photographs of life and preserved material. Haplotype networks based on COI mtDNA (n = 12) and 16 rRNA sequences (n = 12) were created. We retrieved eleven COI haplotypes and six 16S haplotypes, however no clear geographic distribution pattern was discerned. Intraspecific variation in L. doughnut was 1.4% for COI and 0.2% for 16S. Lastly, the first colour photos and records of associated parasites of this species are provided.

This research was done to discern changes in food consumption behavior in Indonesia two years after the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic. Primary data for this research was gathered through questionnaires distributed from 26 June 2022 until 26 July 2022 to 258 respondents living in Bandung, Indonesia, using a simple random sampling method, which was then processed with SPSS. Results showed that people’s food consumption levels increased. Furthermore, changes in food consumption behavior are also identified, such as increased grocery and food purchases through online applications and increased cooking time. People also eat with their family more often, rather than eating out. The relatively more controlled COVID-19 situation also made people calmer and felt no need to stock up on foods with longer storage lives. This research faces a limitation regarding its respondents’ diversity. Follow-up research can be conducted to address the decrease in personal employees’ work level identified in this research

Density functional theory calculations were performed to study the interactions between the host material Si-doped fullerene and the drug molecules paracetamol, a pain and fever reducer, and hydroxyurea, a drug for leukemic treatment. All atoms were relaxed so that the atomic force was less than 5.0 × 10−3 eV/Å. Structural and electronic properties, such as adsorption energy, formation energy, and charge transfer, were calculated. Results showed that Si-doped fullerene had more negative adsorption energy and lower formation energy than undoped fullerene, indicating that drug molecules could be chemisorbed in Si-doped fullerene. These results contribute to the future drug delivery application.

Increases in the temperature of nutrient solutions have restricted the use of hydroponic cultivation in the tropics, predominantly due to plant stress. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of temperature stress under different hydroponic systems on the growth and saponin content of Talinum paniculatum cuttings. Three hydroponic systems, i.e., deep flow technique (DFT), nutrient film technique (NFT), and aeroponic, were tested. The temperature of the nutrient solution was set for each system, i.e., under ambient temperature (UAT) and with controlled temperature (WCT) at 26° C. The cultivation period was 60 days. The result showed peroxidation activity and proline accumulation for the adventitious roots of T. paniculatum cuttings with UAT and WCT, alongside various levels of plasma membrane damage. Levels of Malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline were analyzed by spectrophotometer. Membrane damage was analyzed with Evans blue dye. The results indicated that the levels of MDA and proline accumulation under the three hydroponic systems were higher for the WCT than for the UAT treatment. In contrast, vegetative growth was higher in UAT than in WCT. The saponin content of the adventitious root correlated with the MDA level. Saponin production was triggered by oxidative stress during cultivation, while the adventitious roots had a higher saponin content in all three hydroponic systems with the WCT treatment compared to the UAT treatment. Among the systems, aeroponic was superior for biomass and saponin. Root growth was promoted in the nutrient solution under ambient temperature whereas the production of saponins was stimulated under the controlled temperature. In the aeroponic system, root biomass values of 1.17 and 0.478 g dry weight were obtained under ambient and controlled temperatures, respectively. The total saponin contents differed slightly, namely 189.83 and 195.61 mg/g, respectively.

Intensifying consumers’ green lifestyle has created consumer intention to purchase a green product or a product from a green orientation company. Such green purchase intention has motivated companies also to be greenpreneurial orientation. This research aims to understand consumers’ perception of greenpreuneurial orientation and green purchase intention, as well as to confirm their relationship. The research addresses those who bought a green product from a company. Data was gathered using google forms distributed online at the predetermined time. The questionnaire comprising questions on greenpreneurial orientation and green purchase intention resulted in 114 complete questions. A structural equation model was applied to identify the perception of greenpreuneurial orientation and green purchase intention, and regression was used to test their relationship. The result shows that a company with a greenpreneurial orientation refers to a qualified organization that produces green products and communicates it’s green. Meanwhile, green purchase intention refers to the preference for green products, greenpreneurial orientation company, and participation in green actions. The research also confirms that greenpreneurial orientation significantly influences green purchase intention. To increase consumers’ intention to purchase green products, companies must communicate their green orientation and involve them in green actions.

The green aspect of implementing digital marketing includes the process of creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers digitally. This research identifies forms of digital marketing activities, their green aspects, and what the green aspects include. This research combines quantitative and qualitative research by distributing questionnaires to respondents. Data were analyzed using descriptive-analytical methods to describe the forms of digital marketing activities carried out by respondents and the green aspects identified. The research focused on entrepreneurs involved in online marketing activities in Semarang and its surroundings. The number of entrepreneurs in this research sample was 30 respondents, using a convenient non-probability sampling. The results show that there are green aspects in digital marketing activities. However, its application is only in the value creation stage, namely in green considerations in choosing the product produced/sold. Green aspects still need to be implemented in communicating and delivering value. Further research can be directed at applying the concept of online purchasing behavior in a green aspect.

International schools are educational institutions with foreign cooperation and different management from regular schools. Only certain people enroll since they are unique in the programs, management, society, and culture. Studies show that promotional efforts to increase the number of students are effectively strengthened by IMC, which is carried out to attract as many prospective students as possible. However, very few research is conducted in the context of international schools. This research is conducted to identify the effectiveness of IMC on enrolment decisions in international schools. The survei was conducted on parents whose child is studying at the 12 international schools in Semarang in elementary, junior, or high school. Questionnaires were given to parents selected using a purposive sampling technique. The data on five elements of IMC (advertising, sales promotion, personal selling, public relations, direct and digital marketing) as the independent variables and on enrollment decision as the dependent variable was processed using multiple linear regression. The results show that IMC simultaneously influences the decision, but only public relations is partially significant. Adjusted R square indicates that IMC is not the only factor contributing to enrolment decision; school management must consider other factors to increase the number of students.

Abstract Despite high pneumococcal disease and economic burden in Indonesia and interest to introduce pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV), there were challenges in establishing a comprehensive strategy to accelerate and enable the introduction in country in the early 2010s. Starting in 2017, Clinton Health Access Initiative and partners supported the government of Indonesia with evidence-based decision-making and implementation support for introducing PCV into the routine immunization program. Indonesia has since accelerated PCV roll out, with nationwide reach achieved in 2022. On the path to PCV introduction, several challenges were observed that impacted decision making on whether and on how to optimally roll out PCV, resulting in significant introduction delays; including (1) a complex country context with a devolved government structure, fragmented domestic funding streams, and an imminent transition out of major immunization donor (Gavi) support; (2) strong preference to use domestically sourced products, with limited experience accessing global pooled procurement mechanism including for vaccines; and (3) concerns around programmatic feasibility and sustainability. This case study documents key insights into the challenges experienced and how those were systematically addressed to accelerate new vaccine introduction in Indonesia, with support from local and global stakeholders over time. The learnings would be beneficial for other countries yet to introduce critical new vaccines, in particular those with similar archetype as Indonesia e.g., middle-income countries with domestic manufacturing capacity and/or countries recently transitioning out of Gavi support.

The previous research result showed that the learning model based on the investigation could increase the students' critical thinking skills. The aim of this research was to measure the effectiveness of the using of problem-based learning model to increase the students' critical thinking skills. The research design was quasi-experiment by using post-test only design. The population of this research was the eleventh grade students of science which contained 124 students of SMAN 6 and SMAN 7 Kupang that were chosen randomly. The treatment that was given in this research was problem-based learning model for the experiment class and conventional model for the control class whereas the given materials were the reaction rate. The instrument that was used in this research previously validated by two experts of theory and material. The result of this research showed that the students who studied in experiment class had different critical thinking skills better that the students who studied using conventional model.

The previous research result showed that the learning model based on the investigation could increase the students' critical thinking skills. The aim of this research was to measure the effectiveness of the using of problem-based learning model to increase the students' critical thinking skills. The research design was quasi-experiment by using post-test only design. The population of this research was the eleventh grade students of science which contained 124 students of SMAN 6 and SMAN 7 Kupang that were chosen randomly. The treatment that was given in this research was problem-based learning model for the experiment class and conventional model for the control class whereas the given materials were the reaction rate. The learning process in the experimental class begins with the provision of contextual problems aimed at increasing students' interest and motivation in finding and designing solutions to solve problems individually or in groups. The instrument that was used in this research previously validated by two experts of theory and material. The result of this research showed that the students who studied in experiment class had different critical thinking skills better that the students who studied using conventional model.

The aim of this research was to examine the effect of students' critical thinking skills using a guided inquiry model with macromedia flash and direct instruction in chemistry learning. The researchers used a quasi-experiment, with post-test only control group design. This research was conducted at SMAN 3 Kota Ternate. The research subjects were 50 experimental group students and 46 control group students. The data were collected through critical thinking test with seven description questions to see the student's critical thinking skills that have been implemented. Then, the data were analyzed using ANOVA test statistics. The results of media validation were categorized into good and feasible, obtained from the validation test by media experts and material experts. The analysis of critical thinking skills test revealed that there is an increase in students' critical thinking skills using a guided inquiry model with macromedia flash.

The body needs antioxidants to combat free radicals and guard against their damaging effects on healthy cells that might result in degenerative disorders. Several degenerative diseases include hypertension, heart disease, diabetes, stroke, and cancer. The human body can deal with free radical attacks caused by radiation, stress, cigarette smoke, and environmental pollution, so it requires additional external antioxidants to protect against free radical attacks. Chalcone is a compound that has an α,β-unsaturated carbonyl system, which makes chalcone compounds have biological activity. Chalcone compounds may be used in pharmacology as antioxidants, antifungals, antibacterial agents, anticancer agents, and for other biological activities. This study aims to synthesize a chalcone derivative, namely 3-(2-oxo-2-phenylethylidene)indolin-2-one and 5-chloro-3-(2-oxo-2-phenylethylidene)indolin-2-one containing a chloro substituent, as well as test the potential of these compounds as antioxidants. The reflux method of claisen-schmidt condensation of isatin and acetophenone was used to create chalcone derivatives. Spectroscopy was used to characterize the produced chemicals (UV-VIS, IR, and LCMS) and their antioxidant activity using the DPPH method. This study showed that the antioxidant activity of 3-(2-oxo-2-phenylethylidene)indolin-2-one and 5-chloro-3-(2-oxo-2-phenylethylidene)indolin-2-one compounds is very weak at low concentrations.

Crossbite anterior merupakan maloklusi yang terjadi akibat posisi gigi anterior maksila berada di lingual gigi anterior mandibula. Crossbite anterior dapat dikoreksi dengan alat ortodonti lepasan maupun cekat. Tujuan laporan kasus ini yaitu untuk menyampaikan keberhasilan perawatan kasus maloklusi kelas I disertai crowding moderat mandibula dan crossbite anterior menggunakan system standar edgewise untuk memperbaiki fungsi dan estetika. Seorang pasien laki-laki berusia 20 mengeluhkan gigi berantakan dan terdapat gigi depan rahang atas yang berada di belakang gigi rahang bawah. Pemeriksaan ekstra oral, intra oral, rontgenologis serta analisis model dilakukan untuk menentukan diagnosis dan rencana perawatan. Diagnosis kasus ini yaitu maloklusi dentoskeletal Kelas I dengan profil cembung, disertai crowding rahang atas dan rahang bawah, pergeseran garis median rahang bawah ke kiri, crosbbite anterior serta insisif rahang bawah proposisi. Rencana perawatan pada kasus ini adalah untuk mengoreksi crossbite anterior dan crowding dengan menggunakan system edgewise. Perawatan kasus dilakukan selama 22 bulan. Perawatan ortodonti cekat dengan teknik standar edgewise dapat digunakan untuk mengoreksi kasus maloklusi kelas I disertai crowding moderat dan crossbite anterior serta menunjukkan hasil yang cukup memuaskan.

Stunting is a health problem that contributes to child morbidity and mortality. Stunting prevention can be done through nutritional interventions. The high stunting prevalence in Seluma Regency is due to knowledge, culture, socio-economic and others. The purpose of the activity is to improve the children's nutrition and mothers to increase the child's growth and development to prevent stunting through cadres empowerment. The method of activities is the socialization of the first 1000 days of life, cadre training, education of lactations, giving additional nutrition, and cadre assistance. The targets are cadres and mothers. Assessment of knowledge through questionnaires, for the ability of cadres and lactation mothers by direct observation. The results showed an increase in the average knowledge of cadres by 10 points after training, an increase in the knowledge and skills of lactation mothers, exclusive breastfeeding at 57.17%, and good breastfeeding frequency at 85%. Optimizing cadres is useful in promoting nutrition to prevent stunting.

Bioreactors for adventitious root culture have been developed to obtain biomass and plant bioactive compounds in large quantities. These technologies provide a great opportunity to produce biomass and bioactive compounds more quickly from Gynura procumbens compared to conventional plant cultivation systems. In previous studies, biomass and bioactive compounds of G. procumbens adventitious roots were successfully increased using a small‐scale bioreactor. In this study, a pilot bioreactor the capacity of 19 L polycarbonate gallon was successfully developed. This bioreactor can be sterilized under the pressure of 0.18 MPa for approximately 60 min. While the bioreactor could not be sterilized when the pressure was less than 0.18 MPa damage may have occurred to the bioreactor vessel at pressures exceeding 0.18 MPa. The results of the chemical grade test as root culture media showed that MS‐Tek provided an optimal root biomass compared to MS‐PA after a 35‐day of the culture period. In addition, the productivity of the total phenolics and flavonoids of adventitious root in MS‐PA was higher than in MS‐Tek. This novel pilot bioreactor is suitable for G. procumbens adventitious root culture, and the technical‐grade chemicals are suitable for improving root biomass production.

This study explores the critical issue of leadership support for knowledge management initiatives within organizations. Despite the significant investments in time and effort required for successful implementation, leadership backing is often undervalued. Through a systematic literature review encompassing 23 papers, this research investigates the impact of leadership job descriptions and support on knowledge management implementation. The findings underscore the pivotal role of top-level management in fostering a culture of knowledge sharing and learning. Leaders must lead by example, providing training, recognition, and essential resources to create an environment conducive to knowledge sharing. Additionally, leaders are instrumental in identifying, capturing, organizing, and utilizing crucial knowledge assets, ensuring organizational success. Furthermore, effective knowledge management processes in top-level management yield strategic advantages such as innovation, problem-solving, and enhanced organizational efficiency. This study emphasizes the implications of leadership support for knowledge management, highlighting its transformative potential within organizations.

Isatin (1H-indole-2,3‑dione) is a natural heterocyclic compound extracted from various plants and has biological activity as an anticancer agent. Chalcones with the addition of several functional groups (hydroxyl, carboxyl, phenyl, etc.) may become useful templates for the development of new anticancer agents. In this study, we have synthesized Cu/NiO nanoparticles using the sol-gel method involving annona muricata L leaf extract and used as catalysts for the synthesis of isatin-based chalcone. These compounds will be applied as anticancer agents against MCF-7 cancer cell. According to the characterization results using FT-IR, XRD, FESEM-EDS, the crystal size for Cu/NiO nanoparticles was 5.4566 nm and the particle size was 25.081 ± 8.422 nm with irregular spherical shapes. The synthesis of isatin based on chalcone using the reflux method refers to the claisen schmidt condensation reaction using 5% mmol Cu/NiO nanoparticles resulting in yields for each product of 50 % (product 1), 32.37 % (product 2), 24.29 % (product 3), 32.35 % (product 4), 50.86 % (product 5), and 69.88 % (product 6). The effectiveness of the six products against MCF-7 cancer cells can be seen from the IC50 values as follows product 1 (IC50 = 0.00157 µg/ml), product 2 (IC50 = 100.897 µg/ml), product 3 (IC50 = 81.991 µg/ml), product 4 (IC50 = 8107.54 µg/ml), product 5 (IC50 = 77.9291 µg/ml), product 6 (IC50 = 25.4521 µg/ml). Based on the IC50 value obtained, it shows that product 1 and product 6 have strong activity when compared to another product on against MCF-7 cancer cells. • Acetophenone as a simple ketone was modified to 2-acetylpyridine. • Modification was performed adding Cu/NiO nanoparticle as catalyst. • Final products exhibited anticancer activity (MCF-7).

The use of media affects how college students interact with lecturers, including the tendency of students to be more active in the learning process. The purpose of this research is to find out whether there is a relationship between the type of media and the online disinhibition effect in the online lecture process. Data were obtained from 616 respondents who filled out online questionnaires and used Kendall’s tau analysis to test the research questions. The results of the analysis showed that there was no significant relationship between the type of media and the level of online disinhibition effect (rτ equals .02, p equals .56). This is because the closeness of the interaction in the online class that occurs is able to match the interaction in the offline class and everyone in the class already knows each other, so that whatever media used is not related to the level of online disinhibition effect.

Establishing sustainable approaches for human space exploration is key to achieve independency from terrestrial resources, as well as for ethical considerations. Here the authors highlight microbial biotechnologies that will support sustainable processes for space-based in situ resource utilization and loop-closure, and may be translatable to Earth applications.

Tarakan City is a potential area for fishery products where most people still sell their catch to traders. To increase the income of fishermen's families, it is necessary to train marine products processing which is a local resource. Thus, the purpose of this service is to add value to the catch of fishermen. The method of activity carried out is to provide an understanding to the community of the added value generated and direct practice of making shredded fish. From the results of the activity, the results obtained for producing shredded with an experiment of 3 kilograms of each type of fish obtained shredded milkfish products weighing 12 ounces with a potential profit of IDR316,000.00 shredded tuna weighing 13 ounces with a potential profit of IDR336,000.00 and gulamah shredded fish weighing 7 ounces with a potential profit of IDR141,000.00 per production. Likewise, this product was a village product whose main source of raw materials comes from the local area.

Background The digit span (DS) test is one of the most commonly used neuropsychological tests to assess certain cognitive domains, i.e., short-term verbal memory, working memory, and attention. Subclinical hypothyroidism (SH) may be associated with a risk of cognitive impairment in children and adolescents. Objective To evaluate the association between SH and DS test performance in children. Methods Eligible studies evaluating SH and DS test performance were included in this systematic review and further assessed for risk of bias using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale. We carried out a meta-analysis using the random effects model to determine mean difference with 95% confidence interval (95%CI) for continuous data. This systematic review was conducted according to the Preview Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement. Results Out of 1,511 participants in the five included studies, 129 had SH and 1,382 were euthyroid. The quality of all studies were fair to good. Three studies were extracted for meta-analysis, with results showing a trend toward a poorer DS test performance in the SH group compared to controls, although this difference was statistically insignificant (IV -0.57; 95%CI -1.61 to 0.46; P=0.28). There was no significant heterogeneity among the included studies (I2=0%; P=0.69). Conclusion No significant association was noted between SH and the domains of cognitive function assessed using the DS test. Several intrinsic and extrinsic factors and inability of the DS test to detect subtle impairment may limit its usefulness in children.

Compost is very important for the soil and is useful in increasing soil productivity and agricultural production in a sustainable manner where quality and quantity are achieved, as well reducing enviromental pollution and improving the quality of land (soil) in a sustainable manner. This study aims to determine the effect of chemical fertilizers and market waste compost addition on the vegetative growth of oil palm seedlings in the main nursery. The research was carried out for 8 months, from December 2019 - July 2020 in the area of the Practical Farm of the Field Laboratory of Soil Management, STIP-AP Medan. This study used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 2 factors. Factor 1 was organic compost made of market waste with 3 levels (0, 100, and 200 g/bag). Factor 2 was compound fertilizer (NPK 16:16:16) at 3 levels (5, 10, and 15 polybag). All treatment combinations wer performed in 3 replication plots and 2 seedlings were planted per plot, and 54 polybags in total. Data were analyzed using ANOVA at a level a = 5% and 1% and followed by Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at a level a = 5%. The results prove that market waste compost and compound fertilizers had a significant effect on the observed parameters including plant height, number of leaves, and has a very significant effect on the parameters of fresh shoot weight and root fresh weight as well as shoot dry weight and root dry weight (g), but did not significantly affect the stem circumference.

The entrepreneurial skills have been regarded as the vital factor for the business sustainability. The previous study confirmed that there was a gap for entrepreneurial skills between several countries. The factor driven countries (such as Indonesia, Philippines, Vietnam, etc.) are dominated with the wholesale/retail activities, while the innovation driven countries (such as Sweden, Belgium, Norway, etc.) will be more dominated with ICT/Finance or the professional services activities. The wholesale/retail activity is said to be easier to enter since it's generally require lower skill levels. Entrepreneurship education (EE) is needed to enhance the development of the entrepreneurs in order to fulfill this gap, so it is necessary to evaluate the EE program delivered by the university in shaping the entrepreneurial competencies. This research did an evaluation towards the entrepreneurship education program by identifying the learning process (including the definition and objectives of EE, the course contents, the teaching methods, and community outreach activities), and measuring the impacts (by using entrepreneurial competencies). This research was done in the Management of Business in Telecommunications and Informatics, Faculty of Economics and Business in Telkom University. The result is aimed to improve the learning process within institution. On the other side, this research is expected to help the university to achieve the target to be a Global Entrepreneurial University in 2038, particularly to create the global entrepreneurial graduates. This study is also expected to improve the economic growth by increasing the university's role in creating the graduate entrepreneurs.

Java ginseng (Talinum paniculatum Gaertn.) is a medicinal plant, the roots of which are commonly used in traditional medicine. In its natural habitat, the roots grow very slowly, requiring two to three years to produce 100 g of roots per plant. Plant tissue culture could therefore provide an alternative means of accelerating root growth. This research aimed to optimize root induction and determine the effect of phosphate (KH2PO4) concentration and the ratio between ammonium and nitrate (ammonium:nitrate) on the biomass of Java ginseng adventitious roots in in vitro culture. Stem and leaf were used as explants and various combinations and concentrations of IBA and BAP, kinetin, and TDZ were used as growth regulators. Leaf explants were grown in Murashige and Skoog (MS) media supplemented with IBA 2 mg/L and various concentrations of phosphate (170; 212.5; 255; 297.5; 340; 382.5; 425; 467.5; 510 mg/L) and various ammonium:nitrate ratios (21:19 mM as the control, 0:30 mM, 10:20 mM, 15:15 mM, 20:10 mM, 30:0 mM). Cultures were maintained for 6 weeks. The observed parameters were fresh weight, dry weight, the duration of root formation, and the number and length of adventitious roots. The data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance. The results showed that the concentration of phosphate and the ammonium:nitrate ratio significantly influenced the amount, length, fresh weight, and dry weight of Java ginseng adventitious root. The highest fresh weight (37.47 mg) and dry weight (5.53 mg) were achieved in the treatment of double phosphate concentration (KH2PO4 340 mg/L), while an ammonium:nitrate ratio of 10:20 mM was the optimum treatment to produce the highest biomass (fresh weight 73.6 mg and dry weight 8.2 mg).

The capital market is a forum for companies to sell shares and bonds in the hope of obtaining additional funds raised from the proceeds of selling part ownership of the company or issuing debt securities. The long-term market or commonly called the capital market has a variety of instruments that can be considered for investors. For this reason, this study aims to identify important determinants that can have an impact on the yield to maturity of company obligations in Indonesia by placing leverage variable as a moderation variable. The data in this study was obtained from 25 company bonds as a sample of the total population of 59 corporate bonds which were further tested with panel data analysis techniques. This study found that profitability, leverage and company size influenced the yield to maturity of company bonds in Indonesia. otherwise, bond ratings were found to have no effect. Subsequent findings suggest the role of leverage as a moderation variable. For this reason, the end of this part of the study presents practical and academic advice as a form of researcher contribution

Based on stakeholder and social exchange theory, this study examined a model of the re­la­tionship between stakeholder awareness, perception of impact (environmental, economic, and socio-cultural), and attitude toward ecotourism development in Mount Rinjani National Park (MRNP). The model was tested using a sample of 157 stakeholders. Data were collected by surveying and analyzing using the partial least squares. The results showed that only perception of the economic impacts of ecotourism partially mediated the relationship between awareness and attitude toward ecotourism development. From the perspective of stakeholder theory, the perceived impacts are he­terogeneous. These differences will determine their attitude toward the level of support and parti­ci­pation. From the perspective of social exchange theory, the study showed that attitude toward eco­tourism development is directly influenced by awareness of ecotourism and the perception of eco­nomic impact. The stakeholders on MRNT have a more compromising attitude toward ecotourism development to the socio-cultural and environmental impacts.

Stunting is a chronic malnutrition condition caused by a variety factors, including poor nutritional intake, poor parenting practices, restricted health services, insufficient family access to nutritious food, and a lack of access to clean water and sanitation. In December 2023, a crosssectional study of 23 stunted children (mean Z score SD, -2 to -5) aged 1 to 5 years was conducted to examine the relationship between macronutrient and micronutrient consumption. Two days food recall analized with nutrisurvey conducted to determine macronutrient characteristics (total energy, carbohydrate, protein, and lipid), as well as micronutrients, vitamins (A, D, E, K, B12, C), mineral (Fe, Zinc, Calcium), and folic acid. According to the Spearman rho correlation test, there is a substantial association (p < 0.01) between loss total energy and carbohydrate, lipid, vitamin D, vitamin C, ferrum, and calcium. Also, correlation at level (p < 0.05) with vitamin A, zinc, and folic acid. Conclusion of this correlation is that total energy shortage in stunted children was affected by dietary inadequacies, which considered to be related to bone growth in stunted children.

Gynura procumbens has been widely used to treat several health disorders, such as hyperglycemia, hypertension, diabetes, and allergies. This study aimed to determine the flavonoid content of G. procumbens cultured in a balloon-type bubble bioreactor using various sucrose concentrations (10, 30, and 50 g/L) and explant densities (5, 10, and 15 explants). The plant parts used were stem nodes of G. procumbens, grown in a balloon-type bubble bioreactor using Murashige and Skoog (MS) liquid media with IAA 2 mg/L and BAP 4 mg/L. The total flavonoid content was measured using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer (λ= 510 nm), and the flavonoid profile was tested using thin-layer chromatography (TLC). The administration of 10 g/L sucrose produced the highest total flavonoid production. In the treatment of explant density, the most increasing total flavonoid production was obtained in the treatment of 5 explants. The TLC results showed that each treatment forms spots like standard. This study proved that sucrose and explant densities culture on balloon-type bubble bioreactor method had optimized the production of flavonoids of plant shoots of G. procumbens culture.

The Industrial Revolution 4.0 is a change in the mechanism for the production of goods and services marked by a number of characteristics, namely the use of the internet of things, big data, automation, robotics, lay computing, to artificial intelligence. This change is not only felt by the private sector, but also by government organizations. What the community, especially students, can do to play a role in this industrial era and take steps and places as the driving force of this country is to develop a pattern of critical thinking that is not easily eroded by negative influences. This means that with the amount of information that can be obtained, students must be able to see which information can be trusted and which is not and do not immediately believe in any information that is not necessarily true. In addition to the various opportunities offered in the Industrial Revolution 4.0 era, there are many new public issues that must be faced, such as online transportation polemics, the threat of e-commerce to conventional shops/retails and cybercrime. This time, we focus on cybercrime, and the problem of violence that occurs through online media in fact poses a problem for the whole community. For this reason, everyone needs to get a good understanding of the impact of cybercrime, and the potential emergence of women as victims of these crimes, such as cyberstalking and cyberpornography.

This research is motivated by the lack of ability of chemistry teachers to prepare online learning media that requires students to achieve 4.0 technological developments. This research aims to create a valid and practical socio-scientific issue-based learning media. The development of this socioscientific-based e-module is carried out by applying the ADDIE (analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation) development model. The data collection technique used in product validation is the questionnaire method. Theoretical validation in this study was carried out by expert lecturers, chemistry teachers, and peer reviewers. The validation of expert lecturers is described descriptively to the criticisms and suggestions given. Based on the validation result of the chemistry teachers and peer reviewers, respectively 88.8% and 87.9%, it was stated that the electronic module (e-module) was very eligible. The practicality of the e-module is known from the results of the student response questionnaire, which was a very eligible category. Based on the overall assessment results, the e-module product is feasible to be implemented in chemistry learning.

Thoracic empyema, defined as the accumulation of pus in the pleural space, is a rare cause of respiratory distress in neonates. Its occurrence in neonate patients has been only described in few literatures, as opposed to cases in older children. Even though the diagnosis of thoracic empyema is confirmed by histopathological examination of pleural fluid, radiographic examinations have important roles in helping clinicians narrowing down the differential diagnoses. This case report describes a neonatal patient who exhibited symptoms of respiratory distress and imaging modalities revealed multiloculated thoracic empyema.

The valuable extract of bioactive compounds from Gynura procumbens has been widely manufactured into various health products. The demand for these compounds is continuously increasing, but production through conventional farming methods is insufficient due to limited agricultural land and environmental stresses. An alternative to producing plant biomass is in vitro cultivation methods. This method requires less space and enables biomass propagation in a controlled condition that can facilitate stable and efficient production of plant secondary metabolites. This study evaluated the effect of inoculum subculture periods and culture methods on G. procumbens biomass and secondary metabolite production in a bioreactor. The 3-L airlift balloon type-bubble bioreactors was modified in this study to adopt the treatment of 1st-5th subculture periods and fed- and batch-cultivation strategies. We found the G. procumbens adventitious root culture was optimally derived from the 1st subculture produced biomass of 148.02±1.45 g FW and 8.59±0.12 g DW, and TPC (14.48±1.08 mg GAE/g DW) and TFC (116.89±0.44 mg KE/g DW and 33.97±0.13 mg QE/g DW). Additionally, the fed method after 28 days of culture using double distilled water replenishment improved adventitious root biomass (213.75±35.00 g FW and 11.21±0.18 g DW), while nutrient replenishment improved TFC (52.14±0.44 mg KE/g DW and 14.54±0.13 mg QE/g DW). These results can be used to optimize the cultivation of G. procumbens adventitious roots in a large-scale bioreactor.

Introduction: The development of tax reform shows that technology has a very important role. For this reason, the sustainability of tax collection in the State of Indonesia itself has at least an online system based on how taxpayers work to fulfill their obligations. However, the optimization of the application must be properly reviewed first to find out the effectiveness of the technology made. Purposes of the Research: This writing aims to study, analyze and discuss optimizing the use of technology in the taxation sector in Indonesia. Methods of the Research: This paper uses a normative research method, namely research that is focused on providing a systematic explanation that governs a certain category. The problem approach is the legal approach (statute opproach) and the conceptual approach (conceptual approach). The collection of legal materials through primary legal materials is then linked to secondary legal materials. Management and analysis of legal materials is described qualitatively with the aim of describing the findings in the field. Results of the Research: The results obtained from this paper are that, in principle, the technology used by the State of Indonesia is oriented to three pillars, namely: e-registration, e-filling and e-billing by means of technology that aims to strengthen taxpayer compliance. In addition, this technology has weaknesses, namely a good network and inefficient use of technology and the advantages of being able to access quickly and transparently.