1,666 results on '"Yori Gidron"'
Search Results
2. Cognitive assessment in patients treated by immunotherapy: the prospective Cog-Immuno trial
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Marie Lange, Bénédicte Clarisse, Alexandra Leconte, Kléouforo-Paul Dembélé, Justine Lequesne, Celeste Nicola, Martine Dubois, Laurence Derues, Yori Gidron, Hélène Castel, and Florence Joly
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Immunotherapy ,Cancer ,Cognition ,Blood biomarkers ,Preclinical model ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Abstract Background The discovery of the importance of the immune system and its role in oncogenesis led to the development of immunotherapy, a treatment that represents a major advance in oncology management. Due to the recent nature of immunotherapy, little is known about its side effects and their impact on quality of life. To date, there is no published study that accurately assesses the impact of immunotherapy on cognition, mood and/or fatigue in patients treated for cancer, despite potential neurological toxicities. The purpose of this study is to prospectively assess the incidence of cognitive impairment and cognitive complaints among cancer patients naïve for immunotherapy without concomitant anti-cancer treatment. Methods The Cog-Immuno trial is a multicentre longitudinal study addressing patients with cancer candidate to receive immunotherapy alone (n = 100). Immunotherapy treatment will include either anti-PD1/PDL1 or anti-CTLA4 monotherapy or combination therapy. Cognitive and quality of life assessment, electrocardiogram (ECG) and biological tests will be performed at baseline, thereafter 3, and 6 months after immunotherapy initiation. The primary endpoint is the proportion of patients treated by immunotherapy who will experience a decline in cognitive performances or in Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score within 3 months after inclusion. Secondary endpoints concern: anxiety, depression, fatigue, clinical characteristics, biological data and neurophysiological measures (heart rate variability and hemispheric lateralization). A pre-clinical study will be conducted in cancer bearing mice receiving checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) with the evaluation of cognitive functions and emotional reactivity, collection of blood samples and investigation of neurobiological mechanisms from brain slices. Discussion Assessing and understanding the incidence and the severity of cognitive impairment and its impact on quality of life in cancer patients treated by immunotherapy is a major issue. The results of this study will provide information on the impact of these treatments on cognitive functions in order to help the physicians in the choice of the treatment. Trial registration NCT03599830, registered July 26, 2018. Protocol version Version 5.1 dated from 2020/10/02.
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- 2022
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3. Role of Heart Rate Variability in the Association between Myocardial Infarction Severity and Post-Myocardial Infarction Distress
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Reham Dyab, Claudia Zuccarella-Hackl, Mary Princip, Sinthujan Sivakumar, Rebecca E. Meister-Langraf, Hansjörg Znoj, Jean-Paul Schmid, Jürgen Barth, Ulrich Schnyder, Roland von Känel, and Yori Gidron
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myocardial infarction ,stress disorders ,post-traumatic symptoms ,depressive signs and symptoms ,heart rate determination ,moderation ,Science - Abstract
Objective: Myocardial infarction (MI) results in mental health consequences, including depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The risk and protective factors of such mental consequences are not fully understood. This study examined the relation between MI severity and future mental health consequences and the moderating role of vagal nerve activity. Methods: In a reanalysis of data from the Myocardial Infarction-Stress Prevention Intervention (MI-SPRINT) study, 154 post-MI patients participated. MI severity was measured by the Killip Scale and by troponin levels. Depression and PTSD symptoms were assessed with valid questionnaires, both at 3 and 12 months. Vagal nerve activity was indexed by the heart rate variability (HRV) parameter of the root-mean square of successive R-R differences (RMSSD). Following multivariate analyses, the association between MI severity and distress was examined in patients with low and high HRV (RMSSD = 30 ms). Results: In the full sample, the Killip index predicted post-MI distress only at 3 months, while troponin predicted distress at 3- and 12-months post-MI. However, HRV moderated the effects of the Killip classification; Killip significantly predicted symptoms of depression and PTSD at 3- and 12-months post-MI, but only in patients with low HRV. Such moderation was absent for troponin. Conclusion: MI severity (Killip classification) predicted post-MI depression and PTSD symptoms, but only in patients with low HRV, suggesting that the vagal nerve is a partial protective (moderating) factor in the relation between Killip score and post-MI distress.
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- 2023
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4. Prognostic implications of ultra-short heart rate variability indices in hospitalized patients with infective endocarditis.
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Shay Perek, Udi Nussinovitch, Neta Sagi, Yori Gidron, and Ayelet Raz-Pasteur
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
BackgroundInfective endocarditis (IE) is a disease that poses a serious health risk. It is important to identify high-risk patients early in the course of their treatment. In the current study, we evaluated the prognostic value of ultra-short heart-rate variability (HRV), an index of vagal nerve activity, in IE.MethodsRetrospective analysis was performed on adult patients admitted to a tertiary hospital due to IE. A logistic regression (LR) was used to determine whether clinical, laboratory, and HRV parameters were predictive of specific clinical features (valve type, staphylococcal infection) or severe short-term complications (cardiac, metastatic infection, and death). The accuracy of the model was evaluated through the measurement of the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). An analysis of survival was conducted using Cox regression. A number of HRV indices were calculated, including the standard deviation of normal heart-beat intervals (SDNN) and the root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD).Results75 patients, aged 60.3(±18.6) years old, were examined. When compared with published age- and gender-adjusted HRV norms, SDNN and RMSSD were found to be relatively low in our cohort (75%-76% lower than the median; 33%-41% lower than the 2nd percentile). 26(34.6%) patients developed a metastatic infection, with RMSSDConclusionSDNN, and particularly RMSSD, derived from ultra-short ECG recordings, may provide prognostic information about patients presenting with IE.
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- 2023
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5. The promising prognostic value of vagal nerve activity at the initial management of ovarian cancer
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François Cherifi, Sophie Lefevre Arbogast, Jonaz Font, Cyril Abdeddaim, Stephanie Becourt, Nicolas Penel, Elodie Coquan, Justine Lequesne, Yori Gidron, and Florence Joly
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vagus nerve ,ovarian cancer ,heart rate variability (HRV) ,autonomic nervous system ,prognostic factor and survival ,parasympathetic activity ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
ObjectiveIdentifying new modifiable prognostic markers is important for ovarian cancer (OC). Low parasympathic activity is associated with inflammation, oxidative stress and sympathetic nervous system activation. Previous studies reported that low vagal nerve activity, measured by low heart rate variability (HRV), may predict poor cancer prognosis. We aimed to examine the prognostic value of HRV in OC.MethodsThis bicentric retrospective study included patients diagnosed with serous OC FIGO stage ≥IIB, between January 2015 and August 2019, with electrocardiograms (ECG) available around diagnosis. HRV was measured from ECG using the time domain parameter of standard deviation of all normal-to-normal heartbeat intervals (SDNN). Optimal SDNN cut-off was determined using the Youden index criteria of time-dependent ROC curves. We used multivariate cox proportional hazard models to investigate the association between HRV and overall survival (OS), while adjusting for well-known OC prognostic factors.ResultsThe 202 patients included were 65.7 years-old on average, 93% had stage FIGO IIIC/IV, 56% had complete surgical resection. Median OS was 38.6 months [95%CI:34.4-47.4]. The median SDNN was 11.1ms, with an optimal cut-off of 10ms to predict OS. OS was shorter for patients with low HRV compared to high HRV (26.4 vs 45.1 months; p
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- 2022
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6. The Vagal Nerve, Inflammation, and Diabetes—A Holy Triangle
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Liat Sorski and Yori Gidron
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inflammation ,vagus nerve ,heart rate variability (HRV) ,type 2 diabetic mellitus (TDM2) ,Cytology ,QH573-671 - Abstract
Type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM) is a common chronic disease and a substantial risk factor of other fatal illnesses. At its core is insulin resistance, where chronic low-level inflammation is among its main causes. Thus, it is crucial to modulate this inflammation. This review paper provides scientific neuroimmunological evidence on the protective roles of the vagal nerve in T2DM. First, the vagus inhibits inflammation in a reflexive manner via neuroendocrine and neuroimmunological routes. This may also occur at the level of brain networks. Second, studies have shown that vagal activity, as indexed by heart-rate variability (HRV), is inversely related to diabetes and that low HRV is a predictor of T2DM. Finally, some emerging evidence shows that vagal nerve activation may reduce biomarkers and processes related to diabetes. Future randomized controlled trials are needed to test the effects of vagal nerve activation on T2DM and its underlying anti-inflammatory mechanisms.
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- 2023
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7. Psychological first aid through the ‘SIX Cs model’ − an intervention with migrants on the move
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Einav Levy, Moshe Farchi, Yori Gidron, and Eitan Shahar
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intervention ,migration ,psychosocial ,refugees ,stress ,six cs model ,Psychology ,BF1-990 ,Mental healing ,RZ400-408 - Abstract
Thousands of migrants passed through the Balkans whilst migrating from the Middle East to Europe between 2015 and 2016. Humanitarian actions were conducted throughout this route as agencies and governments provided support. The Camp of Preševo, on the Southern border of Serbia, was established by the local authorities as a registration camp to monitor the migration and deliver aid. Part of this aid was psychosocial. Past studies show a relatively high prevalence of stress symptoms among forced migrants, presumably due to exposure to war-related atrocities and experience of forced migration. NATAN, an Israeli non-governmental organisation, is a volunteer-based organisation that delivered psychosocial support to the migrants using the ‘SIX Cs model’. This model focuses on cognitive and behavioural components and is based on the neuropsychology of resilience. It has advantages that were relevant to the context of the camp, namely culturally adaptive, easy to administer, short and adjustable to varied contexts. Moreover, the model gives tools, which could be used later by the migrants in the absence of a therapist. This report describes the SIX Cs model and the implementation of its intervention in the Preševo camp.
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- 2020
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8. Transcutaneous Vagal Nerve Stimulation Alone or in Combination With Radiotherapy Stimulates Lung Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes But Fails to Suppress Tumor Growth
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Eva Reijmen, Sven De Mey, Helena Van Damme, Kirsten De Ridder, Thierry Gevaert, Emmy De Blay, Luc Bouwens, Christine Collen, Lore Decoster, Marijke De Couck, Damya Laoui, Jacques De Grève, Mark De Ridder, Yori Gidron, and Cleo Goyvaerts
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neuromodulation ,transcutaneous vagal nerve stimulation ,radiotherapy ,immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) ,lung cancer ,tumor infiltrating lymphocytes ,Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,RC581-607 - Abstract
The combination of radiotherapy (RT) with immunotherapy represents a promising treatment modality for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. As only a minority of patients shows a persistent response today, a spacious optimization window remains to be explored. Previously we showed that fractionated RT can induce a local immunosuppressive profile. Based on the evolving concept of an immunomodulatory role for vagal nerve stimulation (VNS), we tested its therapeutic and immunological effects alone and in combination with fractionated RT in a preclinical-translational study. Lewis lung carcinoma-bearing C57Bl/6 mice were treated with VNS, fractionated RT or the combination while a patient cohort with locally advanced NSCLC receiving concurrent radiochemotherapy (ccRTCT) was enrolled in a clinical trial to receive either sham or effective VNS daily during their 6 weeks of ccRTCT treatment. Preclinically, VNS alone or with RT showed no therapeutic effect yet VNS alone significantly enhanced the activation profile of intratumoral CD8+ T cells by upregulating their IFN-γ and CD137 expression. In the periphery, VNS reduced the RT-mediated rise of splenic, but not blood-derived, regulatory T cells (Treg) and monocytes. In accordance, the serological levels of protumoral CXCL5 next to two Treg-attracting chemokines CCL1 and CCL22 were reduced upon VNS monotherapy. In line with our preclinical findings on the lack of immunological changes in blood circulating immune cells upon VNS, immune monitoring of the peripheral blood of VNS treated NSCLC patients (n=7) did not show any significant changes compared to ccRTCT alone. As our preclinical data do suggest that VNS intensifies the stimulatory profile of the tumor infiltrated CD8+ T cells, this favors further research into non-invasive VNS to optimize current response rates to RT-immunotherapy in lung cancer patients.
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- 2021
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9. Tone it down: Vagal nerve activity is associated with pro-inflammatory and anti-viral factors in breast cancer – An exploratory study
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Itay Ricon-Becker, Efrat Fogel, Steve W. Cole, Rita Haldar, Shahar Lev-Ari, and Yori Gidron
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HRV ,CTRA ,Breast cancer ,Perioperative ,Vagal ,Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,RC321-571 ,Psychology ,BF1-990 - Abstract
In response to adverse social-environmental conditions, leukocytes gene expression profile is altered in a pattern recognized as the conserved transcriptional response to adversity (CTRA). This entails the up-regulated expression of pro-inflammatory genes and down-regulated expression of genes involved in type-I interferon (IFN) related anti-viral immunity. In contrast, vagal nerve activity is recognized as a significant anti-inflammatory modulator. In this work, we investigated the association between CTRA and vagal activity indicated by the standard deviation of all NN interval (SDNN), a measure of heart-rate variability, in breast cancer patients awaiting surgery (n = 16). This association was tested both at the molecular leukocyte transcription factor activity level, as well as at the cytokines serum levels. We found an association between higher SDNN and increased interferon (IFN) related anti-viral pathways, both on the leukocyte transcription factor level and serum protein level. Unexpectedly, we also found a positive correlation between higher SDNN and pro-inflammatory transcription factor activity and cytokine serum level, potentially suggesting that increased vagal activity was induced by increased inflammation, in the context of pre-surgical stress and the presence of malignant tissue. Transcription origin analysis (TOA) suggests a role for monocyte and B-cells in the anti-inflammatory and anti-metastatic effects induced by vagal nerve signaling. Larger prospective studies are needed to verify and elaborate on the results from this small cross-sectional study.
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- 2021
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10. Effects of a computerized psychological inoculation intervention on condom use tendencies in sub Saharan and Caucasian students: two feasibility trials
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Einav Levy, Yori Gidron, Reginald Deschepper, Benjamin O Olley, and Koen Ponnet
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condom use ,barriers ,psychological inoculation ,hiv ,sub-sahara africa ,automatized system ,Medicine ,Psychology ,BF1-990 - Abstract
Objective: An effective method for preventing the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is condom use. Yet, research shows limited effects of education on increasing condom use. This research examined the effects of psychological inoculation (PI) versus education on condom use -barriers and –tendencies, using a fully automatized online system. Design: Two randomized controlled trials. In Study 1, 59 Sub-Saharan students were included while Study 2 20 European students were included. In both studies, participants were randomly assigned to PI or control conditions. In Study 2, we additionally matched pairs on gender and condom barriers. In the PI, participants received challenging sentences they had to refute. Main outcome measures: An indirect condom use test (I-CUTE) and a condom use barriers questionnaire, assessed at baseline and a month later. Results: In Study 1, a significant increase in I-CUTE scores and no change in barriers was found in the PI condition. Controls did not change on either outcome. In Study 2, two sub-scales of condom barriers (concerning partner and satisfaction) were significantly decreased in the PI group, while in controls, barriers significantly increased over time. In both groups, I-CUTE scores tended to increase. Conclusions: These results replicate previous studies and extend them to a fully automatized system without counselors.
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- 2019
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11. Heart-rate-variability (HRV), predicts outcomes in COVID-19
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Maartje B. A. Mol, Maud T. A. Strous, Frits H. M. van Osch, F. Jeroen Vogelaar, Dennis G. Barten, Moshe Farchi, Norbert A. Foudraine, and Yori Gidron
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Background Patients with COVID-19 present with a variety of clinical manifestations, ranging from mild or asymptomatic disease to severe illness and death. Whilst previous studies have clarified these and several other aspects of COVID-19, one of the ongoing challenges regarding COVID-19 is to determine which patients are at risk of adverse outcomes of COVID-19 infection. It is hypothesized that this is the result of insufficient inhibition of the immune response, with the vagus nerve being an important neuro-immuno-modulator of inflammation. Vagus nerve activity can be non-invasively indexed by heart-rate-variability (HRV). Therefore, we aimed to assess the prognostic value of HRV, as a surrogate marker for vagus nerve activity, in predicting mortality and intensive care unit (ICU) referral, in patients hospitalized with COVID-19. Methods A retrospective cohort study including all consecutive patients (n = 271) diagnosed and hospitalized with COVID-19 between March 2020 and May 2020, without a history of cardiac arrhythmias (including atrial and ventricular premature contractions), pacemaker, or current bradycardia (heart rate 110 bpm). HRV was based on one 10s ECG recorded at admission. 3-week survival and ICU referral were examined. Results HRV indexed as standard deviation of normal to normal heartbeat intervals (SDNN) predicted survival (H.R. = 0.53 95%CI: 0.31–0.92). This protective role was observed only in patients aged 70 years and older, not in younger patients. HRV below median value also predicted ICU referral within the first week of hospitalization (H.R = 0.51, 95%CI: 0.29–0.90, P = 0.021). Conclusion Higher HRV predicts greater chances of survival, especially in patients aged 70 years and older with COVID-19, independent of major prognostic factors. Low HRV predicts ICU indication and admission in the first week after hospitalization.
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- 2021
12. Medical conditions and treatment in a transit camp in Serbia for Syrian, Afghani, and Iraqi migrants
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Einav Levy, Michael Alkan, Sharon Shaul, and Yori Gidron
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Migration ,Refugees ,Medicine ,Camp ,Humanitarian aid ,Middle East ,Anthropology ,GN1-890 ,International relations ,JZ2-6530 - Abstract
Abstract Thousands of migrants arrived in Europe via the Balkan route, many with various health conditions. The camp of Preševo, Serbia, close to the Macedonian border, was established by the Serbian government and run by the United Nations High Commissioner. The camp was wstablished for Refugees (UNHCR) late in 2015 as a registration and a transfer camp for refugees traveling through the Balkans on their way from the Near East to Western Europe. Refugees stayed at the camp for several hours or a day. NATAN, an Israeli non-governmental volunteer organization, in collaboration with HUMEDICA, a German organization, established a clinic at the camp, staffed by Israeli and German personnel. The Israeli team consisted of a doctor, nurse, and social worker, at least one of whom spoke Arabic. The language barrier was bridged through the fact that Arabic is commonly spoken in Israel, and more than half of the volunteers were Palestinian-Israelis. As for the Farsi language, we were helped by interpreters from the Department of Languages in the University of Belgrade. This report contains data on 2136 consecutive clients visiting the clinic between December 2015 and February 2016. The report focuses on the three most frequent major countries of origin, Syria (51%), Iraq (18%), and Afghanistan (31%). Analysis of the age distribution revealed that 36% were under 18 years of age, while only 5% were above the age of 60. Male gender was predominant. Infections were the most common diagnosis (61%) followed by pain in various body parts (13%). Antibiotics were prescribed in 47.6% of the infections. Most of the visits were for minor illnesses, with very few cases of chronic diseases such as diabetes (28 visits) or hypertension (17 visits). We provide the demographic correlates of migrants’ health conditions and discuss the findings in light of past studies and the context of the present sample of migrants.
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- 2017
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13. A new measurement of an indirect measure of condom use and its relationships with barriers
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Einav Levy, Yori Gidron, and Benjamin O. Olley
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condom use ,barriers ,social desirability ,assessment ,measure ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
One of the challenges facing researchers in the domain of human immunodeficiency virus prevention is the assessment of condom use in an unbiased self-reported manner. The current study presents the development and preliminary validation of an indirect condom use test (I-CUTE), designed to assess condom use tendencies and to overcome self-report biases. Two samples were included using correlational designs. In sample 1, 88 students from European university completed the I-CUTE with questionnaires of condom use barriers, social desirability, and condom use negotiation self-efficacy. In sample 2, 212 students from sub-Saharan universities completed the I-CUTE with questionnaires of condom use barriers and knowledge. The I-CUTE included 17 pictures of human figures in relation to condom use, where participants had to choose one of the four a-priori given sentences reflecting the figures’ thoughts. This represented a semi-projective, yet standardized test. In sample 1, I-CUTE scores were inversely related to barriers, positively correlated with condom use negotiation self-efficacy and unrelated to social desirability. In sample 2, I-CUTE scores were inversely related to barriers and unrelated to knowledge scores. In a multiple regression, condom use barriers had a unique contribution to explaining variance in I-CUTE scores, beyond the contribution of background variables and knowledge. These results support the preliminary reliability and validity of the I-CUTE tool in a variety of cultures, and reveal its lack of bias by social desirability and the importance of condom use barriers in condom use tendencies.
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- 2017
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14. Interventions targeting social cognitive determinants of condom use in the general Sub-Saharan population: A Systematic Review
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Einav Levy, Michelle R. Kaufman, Yori Gidron, Reginald Deschepper, and Benjamin O. Olley
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intervention ,condom use ,social cognitive model ,systematic review ,Psychology ,BF1-990 ,Neurophysiology and neuropsychology ,QP351-495 - Abstract
Background Health education alone has a limited impact on HIV prevention programs, possibly because it does not systematically target social and cognitive factors that affect condom use. Objectives To systematically evaluate the effectiveness and methodological quality of HIV prevention interventions, which targeted factors related to social cognitive models (SCM) in the Sub-Saharan context. Method Ten online databases were searched using prespecified terms. Data extraction and quality assessment (on a 0–8 scale) were carried out and study results were critically described. Results Eight studies meeting the inclusion criteria were identified and reviewed. Three interventions showed significant effects on condom use. The most targeted SCM factors were communication skills and self-efficacy. The average methodological quality score was 5.75. Conclusion There is a need to use other intervention methods targeting SCM determinants of condom use and to improve the quality of the assessment tools, to increase condom use towards HIV prevention.
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- 2019
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15. Association between feeling threatened by a terrorist attack and subjective health: a web survey a week after the attacks of 22 March 2016 in Belgium
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Reginald Deschepper, Stefaan Six, Yori Gidron, Anne-Marie Depoorter, Marie Vandekerckhove, Nancy Gheysens, Roel Van Overmeire, and Johan Bilsen
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terrorist attacks ,perceived threat ,belgium ,health problems ,symptom monitoring ,Psychiatry ,RC435-571 - Abstract
Background: The wave of terrorist attacks over the past years in Europe and other regions may cause problems such as anxiety and depressive symptoms. Some studies suggest that perceived threat might also trigger physical health problems. Objective: To investigate the association between feeling threatened and subjective health during the week following a terrorist attack. Method: Online survey with a self-selected sample in the Belgian population one week after the terrorist attacks in 2016. Participants were invited through the Belgian media to fill in a questionnaire in Dutch, French or English on a website. The main outcomes were the association between ‘feeling threatened’ and subjective health problems. Perceived threat was measured with the question ‘During the week after the attacks … Did you feel threatened?’ Subjective health was measured by using standardized scales (ACSA, PHQ-4, PHQ-15). Results: A total of 2620 respondents completed the questionnaire, of whom 69.8% were female, 27.7% lived and 43.1% worked in Brussels. Gender, age, place of living and working, media exposure, religiousness and religious affiliation were associated significantly with higher perceived threat. A total of 21% of the respondents felt much or very much threatened during the week after the attacks. They reported significantly higher levels of mental and physical health problems. The most frequently reported problems were anxiety and depressive symptoms. The health problems that differentiated most markedly between those with low and high levels of perceived threat were fainting spells, chest pain and shortness of breath. Conclusion: In a self-selected sample of respondents, ‘feeling threatened’ was strongly associated with lower level of wellbeing and higher levels of mental and physical health problems. The most prevalent health problems were mental health problems but the most pronounced differences between people with low versus high levels of perceived threat were physical health problems.
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- 2018
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16. Linking numbers to perceptions and experiences: Why we need transdisciplinary mixed-methods combining neurophysiological and qualitative data
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Reginald Deschepper, Stefaan Six, Nicole Vandeweghe, Marijke De Couck, Yori Gidron, Anne-Marie Depoorter, and Johan Bilsen
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Social Sciences - Abstract
Today, more and more problems that scientists need to tackle are complex problems. Many examples of these can be found in the health sciences, medicine and ecology. Typical features of complex problems are that they cannot be studied by one discipline and that they need to take into account subjective data as well as objective data. Two promising responses to deal with complex problems are Transdisciplinary and Mixed Method approaches. However, there is still a lacuna to fill, with transdisciplinary studies bridging the social sciences and biomedical sciences. More specifically, we need more and better studies that combine qualitative data about subjective experiences, perception and so on with objective, quantitative, neurophysiological data. We believe that the combination of qualitative and neurophysiological data is a good example of what we would like to call transdisciplinary mixed methods. In this article, we aim to explore the opportunities of transdisciplinary mixed-methods studies in which qualitative and neurophysiological data are used. We give a brief overview of what is characteristic for this kind of studies and illustrate this with examples; we point out strengths and limitations and propose an agenda for the future. We conclude that transdisciplinary mixed-methods studies in which qualitative and neurophysiological data are used have the potential to improve our knowledge about complex problems. A main obstacle seems to be that most scientists from the biomedical sciences are not familiar with the (qualitative) methods from the social sciences and vice versa. To end this ‘clash of paradigms’™, we urgently need to cultivate transdisciplinary thinking.
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- 2017
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17. The effects of psychological inoculation on cognitive barriers against condom use in women with HIV: A controlled pilot study
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Benjamin Olley, Moyosola Abbas, and Yori Gidron
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Psychological inoculation ,condom use ,HIV prevention ,barriers ,Africa ,Inoculation psychologique ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Past studies have shown that in attempts to prevent HIV, health education yields little change in condom use. The reason may be that education fails to target barriers for changing behaviour. The present controlled pilot study tested whether psychological inoculation (PI) reduces such barriers for using male condoms. Twenty-two Nigerian women with HIV were randomly assigned to receive PI or health education (control). In the PI condition, women learned to refute sentences reflecting barriers against condom use, while controls learned how to use condoms and the consequences of their non-use. Barriers for condom use, self-efficacy to negotiate condom use with partners and actual condom use were self-reported before and one week after interventions. Results revealed that only in the PI group were there statistically significant increases in condom use negotiating self-efficacy and reductions in barriers concerning motivation, sexual satisfaction and partners. Controls reported no statistically significant changes. However, actual reported condom use was unchanged in both groups. Thus, it is feasible to conduct PI interventions in an African sample of HIV patients. Furthermore, PI can reduce cognitive barriers for condom use, while health education yields little changes in such outcomes over time. If replicated in larger samples with longer follow-ups, these findings could eventually have implications for HIV prevention in several world regions.
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- 2011
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18. The association between the distance from the epicenter of the Haiti earthquake (2021) and medical diagnoses: A report from the field [version 1; peer review: awaiting peer review]
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Einav Levy, Michael Alkan, Sharon Shaul, Yael Livni Gillerman, and Yori Gidron
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Research Article ,Articles ,Haiti ,humanitarian action ,earthquake ,mobile clinic ,epicenter - Abstract
Background: Following the earthquake of August 2021 in Haiti, humanitarian agencies provided support to the local population. NATAN, a voluntary based non-governmental organization, had arrived in the field five days after the earthquake and provided medical support based on a mobile clinic in seven villages close to the epicenter of the earthquake. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study on data collected from 331 persons of concern, as part of ‘good clinical practice’. They received basic treatment such as antibiotics and minor surgical interventions following a diagnosis. The main variables that were collected in this intervention included demographic data, main diagnoses, and main treatments. We also examined the distance from the earthquake epicenter (DfE) and its effects on the diagnoses and treatments. Results: Several interesting findings were observed. A significant association between the DfE and the diagnoses was found, where within the group closest to the epicenter, the most prevalent diagnosis was internal medicine problems (40.3%). Conclusions: It is possible that since five days had passed since the earthquake, the expected diagnoses of traumatic injuries were reduced, leaving sub-acute problems to be diagnosed and treated. Finally, mental health symptoms and stress levels should be assessed systematically and with validated measures.
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- 2023
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19. Vagal Nerve Activity and Short-Term Clinical Outcomes after Stroke: What Is Left May Not Be Right
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Samih Badarny, Amal Abu Ayash, Galina Keigler, Chen Hanna Ryder, and Yori Gidron
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stroke ,stroke severity ,hemispheric differences ,vegal nerve activity ,vegal nerve activity (HRV) ,stroke side ,General Medicine - Abstract
Stroke is a leading cause of death worldwide. Multiple factors influence the severity of stroke. Normal functional and biological differences seen between the hemispheres may also be related to stroke severity. In the present study, we examined the differences in the severity of stroke as a function of stroke side, and whether patients’ vagal nerve activity moderated such differences. We included 87 patients with an ischemic stroke, whose medical records were retrospectively examined for background information (age, gender), stroke side and severity by NIHSS, length of stay in hospital, inflammation such as C-reactive protein, and vagal nerve activity. The vagal activity was indexed by patients’ heart-rate variability (HRV), fluctuations in the intervals between normal heartbeats, derived from patients’ ECG. Results revealed that patients with left-side stroke had significantly worse NIHSS scores (10.6) than those with right-sided stroke (7.6, p < 0.05). However, when dividing the sample into those with low versus high HRV (at the median), only when HRV was low, did patients with left-side stroke have a worse NIHSS score (10.9) compared to those with right-sided stroke (6.5, p < 0.05). In contrast, no differences in stroke severity were seen between left stroke (10.2) and right stoke (8.7, p > 0.05), when HRV was high. These results tended to remain the same when statistically controlling for age effects, which was related to NIHSS, but not to the stroke side. These findings suggest that patients with left-sided stroke may have more severe strokes than those with right-sided ones, but that adequate vagal nerve activity may protect against such differences. Possible mechanisms and suggestions for future directions are provided.
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- 2023
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20. Effects of an automatized psychological inoculation (PI) intervention on anxiety, resilience and adherence to COVID-19 recommendations
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Carmit Rapaport, Yori Gidron, Moshe Farchi, and Einav Levy
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2019-20 coronavirus outbreak ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,General Medicine ,General Chemistry ,law.invention ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Intervention (counseling) ,Pandemic ,medicine ,Anxiety ,Psychological resilience ,Health information ,medicine.symptom ,Psychology ,Applied Psychology ,Clinical psychology ,media_common - Abstract
The covid-19 pandemic calls for adherence to multiple health behaviours. While authorities mostly use health information to deal with these issues, such an approach may be insufficient. This study examined the effects of a cognitive method, namely psychological inoculation (PI) + health information (experimental) versus health information alone (control) on anxiety, resilience and adherence.A randomized controlled trial was used. Participants were assigned to the experimental or control conditions, all provided on an automatized computerized system.These included anxiety, adherence to the Covid-19 Israeli health ministry's recommendations, and mental resilience. Participants were assessed before, immediately after and a week after the interventions.Controls increased only in adherence at 1 week compared to baseline. In contrast, those in the PI increased in resilience and adherence and reported lower anxiety immediately after treatment compared to baseline levels. In the PI condition, degree of refuting challenging sentences correlated with less anxiety.Results showed better immediate improvements in anxiety, resilience and intention to adhere in the experimental condition compare to the controls. Authorities may wish to add PI to help the public deal with the effects of such a pandemic and to increase adherence to health recommendations.
- Published
- 2021
21. 2022-RA-706-ESGO Prognostic impact of vagus nerve activity at initial management of ovarian cancer
- Author
-
Francois Cherifi, Sophie Lefevre Arbogast, Jonaz Font, Justine Lequesne, Stephanie Becourt, Cyril Abdeddaim, Yori Gidron, and Florence Joly
- Published
- 2022
22. Heart rate variability at the Emergency Department: a new triage parameter?
- Author
-
Said Hachimi Idrissi, Deyna Keppens, Yori Gidron, and Manon Van Canneyt
- Published
- 2022
23. Suicide in Flanders, Belgium, after terrorist attacks
- Author
-
Stefaan Six, Roel Van Overmeire, Yori Gidron, Marie Vandekerckhove, Reginald Deschepper, Johan Bilsen, Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mental Health and Wellbeing research group, Rectorate, Psychology, Radiology, and Experimental and Applied Psychology
- Subjects
Coping (psychology) ,education.field_of_study ,Population ,030227 psychiatry ,Suicide ,03 medical and health sciences ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Clinical Psychology ,0302 clinical medicine ,Belgium ,Mortality data ,Political science ,Adaptation, Psychological ,Agency (sociology) ,Terrorism ,Humans ,France ,030212 general & internal medicine ,education ,Applied Psychology ,Demography - Abstract
Little is known about the association between terrorism and suicide. This study investigates suicide numbers in Flanders, Belgium before and after the Paris-attacks (13/11/2015) and Brussels-attacks (22/03/2016). Population mortality data for suicide were gathered from the Agency for healthcare. Suicides in Flanders, Belgium, were higher after both attacks. The increase was higher after the Paris-attacks, compared to the attacks in Brussels, Belgium. The effect of a close-by, but still foreign attack (the Paris-attacks in France) on suicide numbers is larger than that of an attack inside the country (the Brussels-attacks), possibly due to a difference in threat experience and coping possibilities.
- Published
- 2021
24. Associations Between Implicit and Explicit Condom Use Measures With Condom Use Barriers: Relationships Make A Difference
- Author
-
Einav Levy, Lisa M. Warner, Lena Fleig, Michelle R. Kaufman, and Yori Gidron
- Subjects
General Psychology - Abstract
Objective: The association between explicit and implicit psychological measures might be affected by the similarity of the assessment method and by the overlap of the components of the constructs being assessed. This study examined the association between condom use barriers and explicit and implicit measurements of condom use and the moderating role of sexual intercourse in these associations. Design: This was a cross sectional correlational study. An analysis of baseline data from a randomized controlled trial including 149 university students was included. Main measures: These included a questionnaire assessing condom use barriers, an implicit condom use test (a structured semi-projective test), and an explicit condom use question. Hierarchical regressions and correlations were examined in the full sample and by groups of participants with and without sexual intercourse. Results: In those without sexual intercourse, all barriers sub-scales were significantly and negatively correlated with implicit condom use and unrelated to explicit condom use. In contrast, among those engaged in sexual intercourse, barriers were significantly and negatively correlated with the explicit condom use measure, and only barriers concerning partner and motivation correlated with implicit condom use tendencies. Conclusion: Having a sexual partner plays a major role in the relations between barriers and implicit and explicit condom use measures. The pattern of the results is discussed in relation to cognitive and social factors.
- Published
- 2023
25. Vagal Nerve Activity Predicts Prognosis in Diffused Large B-Cell Lymphoma and Multiple Myeloma
- Author
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Or Atar, Ron Ram, Irit Avivi, Odelia Amit, Roy Vitkon, Efrat Luttwak, Yael Bar-On, and Yori Gidron
- Subjects
multiple myeloma ,vagal nerve activity ,diffuse large-B cell lymphoma ,General Medicine ,cancer prognosis - Abstract
This study examined the prognostic role of vagal nerve activity in patients with relapsed/refractory diffused large B-cell lymphoma (R/R-DLBCL) treated with chimeric antigen receptor cell therapy (CAR-T) and in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) undergoing an autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (AutoHCT). Participants included 29 patients with R/R-DLBCL and 37 patients with MM. Inclusion criteria were: (1) age over 18; (2) diagnosed with DLBCL or MM; (3) being treated with CAR-T or AutoHCT; and (4) having an ECG prior to cell transfusion. The predictor was vagal nerve activity indexed by heart rate variability (HRV) and obtained retroactively from 10 s ECGs. The main endpoint for R/R-DLBCL was overall survival (OS), and for MM the endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). Data of 122 patients were obtained, 66 of whom were included in the study. In DLBCL, HRV significantly predicted OS independently of confounders (e.g., performance status, disease status at cell therapy), hazard ratio (HR), and 95% confidence interval (HR = 0.20; 95%CI: 0.06–0.69). The prognostic role of disease severity was moderated by HRV: among severely disease patients, 100% died with low HRV, while only 37.5% died with high HRV. In MM, HRV significantly predicted PFS (HR = 0.19; 95%CI: 0.04–0.90) independently of confounders. Vagal nerve activity independently predicts prognosis in patients with R/R-DLBCL and with MM undergoing cell therapy. High vagal activity overrides the prognostic role of disease severity. Testing the effects of vagal nerve activation on prognosis in blood cancers is recommended.
- Published
- 2023
26. Ultra Short Heart Rate Variability Predicts Clinical Outcomes in Patients with a Clinical Presentation Consistent with Myocarditis: A Derivation Cohort Analysis
- Author
-
Shay Perek, Udi Nussinovitch, Reut Cohen, Yori Gidron, and Ayelet Raz-Pasteur
- Subjects
myocarditis ,prognosis ,electrocardiogram ,heart rate variability ,General Medicine - Abstract
Myocarditis prognosis varies substantially, hence identification of novel prognostic factors is crucial. The prognostic role of ultra-short heart-rate variability (HRV) in myocarditis remains unknown. In a retrospective study, adult patients admitted to a tertiary hospital due to clinically suspected myocarditis were included. Clinical, laboratory and HRV parameters were assessed as predictors of severe short term complications (heart failure (HF), dilated cardiomyopathy—DCM, ventricular arrhythmia—VA and death), utilizing logistic regression (LR). Accuracy was evaluated with receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve area under the curve (AUC). HRV indices included standard deviation of normal beat intervals (SDNN) and root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD). 115 patients, aged 34 (±13) years old, were examined. Six patients (5%) developed severe HFrEF. RMSSD was included in a multivariate LR model (RMSSD < 10.72 ms adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 14.056, p-value 0.024). Model classification accuracy was very good, with an AUC of 86%. Eight patients (7%) developed DCM. RMSSD < 10.72 ms was included in a multivariate classification model (AOR 8.826, p-value 0.013); model classification AUC of 82%. HRV did not predict development of VA or death. SDNN and especially RMSSD may be prognostic indicators in myocarditis.
- Published
- 2022
27. Heart-rate-variability (HRV), predicts outcomes in COVID-19
- Author
-
Yori Gidron, Moshe Farchi, F. Jeroen Vogelaar, Dennis G. Barten, Maud T.A. Strous, Maartje B A Mol, Frits H.M. van Osch, Norbert A. Foudraine, Epidemiologie, and RS: NUTRIM - R3 - Respiratory & Age-related Health
- Subjects
Male ,STIMULATION ,Viral Diseases ,Pulmonology ,Cardiovascular Medicine ,law.invention ,Electrocardiography ,Medical Conditions ,Heart Rate ,law ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Heart rate variability ,Immune Response ,Aged, 80 and over ,Multidisciplinary ,Age Factors ,Heart ,Middle Aged ,Prognosis ,Intensive care unit ,CANCER ,Hospitals ,Intensive Care Units ,Infectious Diseases ,Bioassays and Physiological Analysis ,Treatment Outcome ,Cardiovascular Diseases ,Cardiology ,Medicine ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,Research Article ,circulatory and respiratory physiology ,Bradycardia ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Science ,Immunology ,Research and Analysis Methods ,Asymptomatic ,Respiratory Disorders ,Signs and Symptoms ,Diagnostic Medicine ,Internal medicine ,Heart rate ,medicine ,Humans ,Heart Atria ,VAGAL NERVE ACTIVITY ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies ,Inflammation ,VAGUS NERVE ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Surrogate endpoint ,business.industry ,Myocardium ,Electrophysiological Techniques ,Biology and Life Sciences ,COVID-19 ,Covid 19 ,Retrospective cohort study ,Vagus nerve ,Health Care ,Health Care Facilities ,Respiratory Infections ,Electrocardiography, Ambulatory ,Cardiac Electrophysiology ,Clinical Medicine ,business - Abstract
Background Patients with COVID-19 present with a variety of clinical manifestations, ranging from mild or asymptomatic disease to severe illness and death. Whilst previous studies have clarified these and several other aspects of COVID-19, one of the ongoing challenges regarding COVID-19 is to determine which patients are at risk of adverse outcomes of COVID-19 infection. It is hypothesized that this is the result of insufficient inhibition of the immune response, with the vagus nerve being an important neuro-immuno-modulator of inflammation. Vagus nerve activity can be non-invasively indexed by heart-rate-variability (HRV). Therefore, we aimed to assess the prognostic value of HRV, as a surrogate marker for vagus nerve activity, in predicting mortality and intensive care unit (ICU) referral, in patients hospitalized with COVID-19. Methods A retrospective cohort study including all consecutive patients (n = 271) diagnosed and hospitalized with COVID-19 between March 2020 and May 2020, without a history of cardiac arrhythmias (including atrial and ventricular premature contractions), pacemaker, or current bradycardia (heart rate 110 bpm). HRV was based on one 10s ECG recorded at admission. 3-week survival and ICU referral were examined. Results HRV indexed as standard deviation of normal to normal heartbeat intervals (SDNN) predicted survival (H.R. = 0.53 95%CI: 0.31–0.92). This protective role was observed only in patients aged 70 years and older, not in younger patients. HRV below median value also predicted ICU referral within the first week of hospitalization (H.R = 0.51, 95%CI: 0.29–0.90, P = 0.021). Conclusion Higher HRV predicts greater chances of survival, especially in patients aged 70 years and older with COVID-19, independent of major prognostic factors. Low HRV predicts ICU indication and admission in the first week after hospitalization.
- Published
- 2021
28. Tone it down: Vagal nerve activity is associated with pro-inflammatory and anti-viral factors in breast cancer – An exploratory study
- Author
-
R. Haldar, Efrat Fogel, Steve W. Cole, Shahar Lev-Ari, Itay Ricon-Becker, and Yori Gidron
- Subjects
Embryology ,medicine.medical_treatment ,HRV ,Context (language use) ,Inflammation ,Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,Breast cancer ,Transcription (biology) ,Interferon ,Gene expression ,Medicine ,CTRA ,Psychology ,Perioperative ,Transcription factor ,business.industry ,Monocyte ,Vagal ,Cell Biology ,BF1-990 ,Cytokine ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Immunology ,Anatomy ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Developmental Biology ,medicine.drug ,RC321-571 - Abstract
In response to adverse social-environmental conditions, leukocytes gene expression profile is altered in a pattern recognized as the conserved transcriptional response to adversity (CTRA). This entails the up-regulated expression of pro-inflammatory genes and down-regulated expression of genes involved in type-I interferon (IFN) related anti-viral immunity. In contrast, vagal nerve activity is recognized as a significant anti-inflammatory modulator. In this work, we investigated the association between CTRA and vagal activity indicated by the standard deviation of all NN interval (SDNN), a measure of heart-rate variability, in breast cancer patients awaiting surgery (n = 16). This association was tested both at the molecular leukocyte transcription factor activity level, as well as at the cytokines serum levels. We found an association between higher SDNN and increased interferon (IFN) related anti-viral pathways, both on the leukocyte transcription factor level and serum protein level. Unexpectedly, we also found a positive correlation between higher SDNN and pro-inflammatory transcription factor activity and cytokine serum level, potentially suggesting that increased vagal activity was induced by increased inflammation, in the context of pre-surgical stress and the presence of malignant tissue. Transcription origin analysis (TOA) suggests a role for monocyte and B-cells in the anti-inflammatory and anti-metastatic effects induced by vagal nerve signaling. Larger prospective studies are needed to verify and elaborate on the results from this small cross-sectional study.
- Published
- 2021
29. Effects of a computerized psychological inoculation intervention on condom use tendencies in sub Saharan and Caucasian students: two feasibility trials
- Author
-
Koen Ponnet, Yori Gidron, Einav Levy, Reginald Deschepper, and Benjamin O. Olley
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Health (social science) ,Sub saharan ,barriers ,lcsh:BF1-990 ,Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) ,Social Sciences ,lcsh:Medicine ,condom use ,hiv ,medicine.disease_cause ,automatized system ,law.invention ,03 medical and health sciences ,Behavioral Neuroscience ,0302 clinical medicine ,Condom ,law ,sub-Sahara Africa ,Intervention (counseling) ,medicine ,sub-sahara africa ,Condom use ,030212 general & internal medicine ,PREDICTORS ,General Psychology ,REDUCTION INTERVENTION ,Self-efficacy ,030505 public health ,BARRIERS ,business.industry ,HIV RISK BEHAVIOR ,lcsh:R ,HIV ,virus diseases ,SELF-EFFICACY ,MEN ,Articles ,SOUTH-AFRICA ,lcsh:Psychology ,Family medicine ,SEX ,HEALTH ,psychological inoculation ,0305 other medical science ,business ,Research Article ,PREEXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS - Abstract
Objective: An effective method for preventing the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is condom use. Yet, research shows limited effects of education on increasing condom use. This research examined the effects of psychological inoculation (PI) versus education on condom use -barriers and –tendencies, using a fully automatized online system. Design: Two randomized controlled trials. In Study 1, 59 Sub-Saharan students were included while Study 2 20 European students were included. In both studies, participants were randomly assigned to PI or control conditions. In Study 2, we additionally matched pairs on gender and condom barriers. In the PI, participants received challenging sentences they had to refute. Main outcome measures: An indirect condom use test (I-CUTE) and a condom use barriers questionnaire, assessed at baseline and a month later. Results: In Study 1, a significant increase in I-CUTE scores and no change in barriers was found in the PI condition. Controls did not change on either outcome. In Study 2, two sub-scales of condom barriers (concerning partner and satisfaction) were significantly decreased in the PI group, while in controls, barriers significantly increased over time. In both groups, I-CUTE scores tended to increase. Conclusions: These results replicate previous studies and extend them to a fully automatized system without counselors.
- Published
- 2019
30. Heart rate variability as a predictor of disease exacerbation in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease
- Author
-
Anat Yerushalmy-Feler, Shlomi Cohen, Ronit Lubetzky, Hadar Moran-Lev, Itay Ricon-Becker, Shamgar Ben-Eliyahu, and Yori Gidron
- Subjects
Psychiatry and Mental health ,Clinical Psychology ,Adolescent ,Heart Rate ,Chronic Disease ,Disease Progression ,Humans ,Prospective Studies ,Child ,Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - Abstract
Heart rate variability (HRV), a marker of the parasympathetic vagal activity, was reportedly significantly lower in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) compared to healthy controls. The aim of this study was to evaluate HRV as a predictor of clinical outcomes in pediatric IBD.This was a prospective study. Children (12-18 years of age) with IBD were prospectively recruited. Each patient underwent two 10-min HRV measurements by means of a photoplethysmograph finger sensor. The square root of the mean squared differences of successive R-R pulse intervals (RMSSD), an indirect index of vagal activity, was calculated. Clinical data, including demographic variables, disease activity and course, medications, and laboratory results were collected during a follow-up of 12 months. The relation between RMSSD and clinical outcomes was examined, adjusting for confounders.A total of 34 children with IBD were included. Patients in clinical remission had a significantly higher RMSSD compared to patients with active disease (67.72 ± 27.81 versus 45.76 ± 22.04, respectively, P = 0.022). A multivariate analysis revealed that a higher RMSSD was a significant and independent predictor of lower risk of IBD exacerbation (odds ratio = 0.941, 95% confidence interval 0.887-0.998, p = 0.044).HRV correlates with IBD activity and may also serve as an independent predictor of disease exacerbation in pediatric IBD.
- Published
- 2022
31. P110 Heart rate variability at the Emergency Department: a new triage parameter?
- Author
-
Manon Van Canneyt, Yori Gidron, and Said Hachimi Idrissi
- Subjects
Emergency Medicine ,Emergency Nursing ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine - Published
- 2022
32. P016 The Prognostic Value of Heart Rate Variability after Return of Spontaneous Circulation in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Patients
- Author
-
Deyna Keppens, Paul Calle, Matthias Dullaert, Yori Gidron, Ariel Levine, Maxim Vanwulpen, and Said Hachimi-Idrissi
- Subjects
Emergency Medicine ,Emergency Nursing ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine - Published
- 2022
33. Pre-surgical heart-rate variability strongly predicts less post-operative pain in patients with epilepsy
- Author
-
Julian F. Thayer, Yori Gidron, Dario Boschiero, Moreno Bolzon, and Laura Caton
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Efferent nerve ,03 medical and health sciences ,Epilepsy ,0302 clinical medicine ,Heart Rate ,Internal medicine ,Pain level ,medicine ,Heart rate variability ,Humans ,In patient ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Prospective Studies ,Pain, Postoperative ,business.industry ,Confounding ,Vagus Nerve ,medicine.disease ,Vagus nerve ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Clinical Psychology ,Cardiology ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Post operative pain - Abstract
Post-operative pain is a common clinical problem after surgery, yet its predictors are inconsistent and unclear. This study examined whether pre-surgical vagal cardiac efferent nerve activity, indirectly indexed by heart rate variability (HRV), predicts patients' pain after epileptic surgery.Using a prospective design, HRV was measured at rest during 5 min in n = 30 patients, prior to undergoing epileptic surgery. Post-operative pain was assessed every 8 h during the first 2 days after surgery, and our analyses focused on the worse pain level. We used multiple regression analyses and statistically considered several confounders (age, surgical duration, and analgesics during various surgical phases).Multiple HRV indexes strongly and inversely predicted post-operative pain, with high-frequency HRV (HF-HRV) being the strongest predictor (r = -0.81, p 0.001). In a hierarchical multiple regression, HF-HRV accounted for an additional and significant 18% of the variance in post-operative pain, after statistically considering effects of age, surgical duration and effects of two anaesthetics.Pre-surgical HF-HRV independently, strongly and inversely predicts post-operative pain. These results are in line with a neuromodulatory role of the vagus nerve in pain and have clinical implications for predicting and managing post-operative pain.
- Published
- 2020
34. Adherence in Hypertension and Coronary Heart Disease
- Author
-
Yori Gidron
- Subjects
Heart health ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Heart disease ,Medical treatment ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Physical exercise ,medicine.disease ,Coronary heart disease ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Smoking cessation ,business ,Alcohol consumption ,Psychosocial - Abstract
This chapter discusses the clinical and empirical perspectives concerning adherence to treatment in hypertension (HT) and coronary heart disease (CHD). The correlates of adherence may be divided into treatment-related, disease-related, physician-related, patient background and patient trait/state or psychosocial variables. While the main challenge of adherence in HT is ensuring that prescribed medication is taken, this is only one of several challenges for CHD patients. The comprehensiveness of assessing adherence in CHD follows the complexity of its medical treatment. The Medical Outcomes Study assessed adherence to specific behaviours recommended to patients with heart disease in the same way they did for patients with HT. The Minnesota Heart Health Program aimed at increasing awareness and adherence to smoking cessation, preventing HT, reducing salt, fat and alcohol consumption, and increasing physical exercise for preventing CHD at the community of Mankato, Minnesota and USA.
- Published
- 2020
35. The effects of psychological inoculation on condom use tendencies and barriers; a randomized controlled trial
- Author
-
Reginald Deschepper, Lena Fleig, Michelle R. Kaufman, Einav Levy, Lisa M. Warner, Yori Gidron, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mental Health and Wellbeing research group, Public Health Sciences, and Clinical sciences
- Subjects
Safe Sex ,Universities ,Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) ,Cognitive dissonance ,HIV Infections ,Health Promotion ,medicine.disease_cause ,law.invention ,Condoms ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Condom ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Germany ,medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Students ,Applied Psychology ,intervention ,030505 public health ,Outcome measures ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,HIV ,General Medicine ,General Chemistry ,Condom use barriers ,psychological inoculation ,0305 other medical science ,Psychology ,RCT ,Clinical psychology - Abstract
Objective Condom use prevents the contraction of the HIV. Research shows limited effects of education on increasing condom use. Psychological inoculation (PI) has been found to be more effective in this domain, however, its mechanism is unknown. This study examined effects of PI versus education on condom use barriers and tendencies, and its relations with cognitive dissonance, using a fully automatized online system. Design The study was a randomized controlled trial (RCT) and included 149 students from a German University randomly assigned to PI or a control condition. Main outcome measures An indirect condom use test (I-CUTE), a condom use barriers questionnaire, self-reported condom use, and cognitive dissonance estimations were all assessed at baseline and one-month post-intervention. Results PI significantly increased I-CUTE scores when participants had sexual relations. Control participants increased in self-reported condom use and on I-CUTE scores in people without sexual relations. No changes in barriers were seen in either group. The cognitive dissonance tended to be higher in PI participants as compared to control participants. Conclusions PI increases I-CUTE scores compared to controls (based on effect sizes), and significantly in those with sexual relations. The role of relationship status and the mechanisms of PI should be further examined.
- Published
- 2020
36. Is pre-operative heart rate variability a prognostic indicator for overall survival and cancer recurrence in patients with primary colorectal cancer?
- Author
-
F J Vogelaar, Yori Gidron, Maud T.A. Strous, F M Zimmermann, A M Daniels, and F N van Erning
- Subjects
Male ,Colorectal cancer ,Cancer Treatment ,Electrocardiography ,0302 clinical medicine ,Heart Rate ,Breast Tumors ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Medicine ,Heart rate variability ,Neurological Tumors ,Multidisciplinary ,Prostate Cancer ,Prostate Diseases ,Prognosis ,Pre operative ,Bioassays and Physiological Analysis ,Oncology ,Neurology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Preoperative Period ,Cardiology ,Female ,Colorectal Neoplasms ,circulatory and respiratory physiology ,Research Article ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Science ,Urology ,Surgical and Invasive Medical Procedures ,Research and Analysis Methods ,Cancer recurrence ,03 medical and health sciences ,Internal medicine ,Breast Cancer ,Overall survival ,Humans ,In patient ,Aged ,Colorectal Cancer ,business.industry ,Electrophysiological Techniques ,Cancer ,Cancers and Neoplasms ,medicine.disease ,Survival Analysis ,Genitourinary Tract Tumors ,Cardiac Electrophysiology ,Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ,business ,Complication ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
BackgroundHeart Rate Variability (HRV) represents efferent vagus nerve activity which is suggested to be inversely related to fundamental mechanisms of tumorigenesis and to be a predictor of prognosis in various types of cancer. HRV is also believed to predict the occurrence and severity of post-operative complications. We aimed to determine the role of pre-operative HRV as a prognostic factor in overall and cancer free survival in patients with colorectal cancer.MethodsRetrospective analysis was performed in a detailed dataset of patients diagnosed with primary colorectal cancer between January 2010 and December 2016, who underwent curative surgical treatment. HRV was measured as time-domain parameters (SDNN (Standard Deviation of NN-intervals) and RMSSD (Root Mean Square of Successive Differences)) based on pre-operative 10 second ECGs. Groups were created by baseline HRV: Low HRV (SDNN ResultsA total of 428 patients were included in this study. HRV was not significantly associated with overall survival (SDNN ConclusionsHeart rate variability was not associated with overall or cancer free survival in patients with primary colorectal cancer who underwent curative surgical treatment. These results do not align with results found in studies including only patients with advanced cancer, which suggests that there is only an association in the other direction, cancer causing low HRV.
- Published
- 2020
37. Neuroimmunomodulation
- Author
-
Yori Gidron
- Published
- 2020
38. Disease Burden
- Author
-
Yori Gidron
- Published
- 2020
39. Gastrin-Releasing Peptide (GRP)
- Author
-
Yori Gidron
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Endocrinology ,Chemistry ,Internal medicine ,Gastrin-releasing peptide ,medicine - Published
- 2020
40. Relation between Heart Rate Variability and Disease Course in Multiple Sclerosis
- Author
-
Yori Gidron, Lindsay Devolder, Maria Bjerke, Miguel D'haeseleer, Ann Van Remoortel, Jella De Ville, Marie B. D'hooghe, Jacques De Keyser, Ilse Weets, Tatjana Reynders, Guy Nagels, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Neuroprotection & Neuromodulation, Clinical sciences, Neurology, Clinical Biology, Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Diabetes Pathology & Therapy, and Vriendenkring VUB
- Subjects
VAGUS NERVE-STIMULATION ,medicine.medical_specialty ,autonomic dysfunction ,Logistic regression ,multiple sclerosis ,Article ,Disease course ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Group differences ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Heart rate variability ,030304 developmental biology ,relapse ,0303 health sciences ,business.industry ,Multiple sclerosis ,heart rate variability ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,AUTONOMIC DYSFUNCTION ,Autonomic nervous system ,Cohort ,Cardiology ,Disease characteristics ,Human medicine ,CHOLINERGIC ANTIINFLAMMATORY PATHWAY ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,circulatory and respiratory physiology - Abstract
Little is known about the interplay between the autonomic nervous system and disease activity in multiple sclerosis (MS). We examined the relationship between heart rate variability (HRV), a reliable measure of vagal nerve function, and disease characteristics in a prospective MS cohort. Standard deviation of each normal-to-normal inter-beat interval (SDNN) and root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD), global indices of HRV, were measured in 114 MS patients, which included four predefined subgroups, and 30 age and sex-matched healthy controls (HC). We assessed group differences at baseline, HRV reproducibility at month 3, and used logistic regression modeling to relate baseline HRV with relapse occurrence. No significant HRV differences were found between MS and HC and between MS subgroups. In MS patients, both HRV indices correlated with age (r = &minus, 0.278, p = 0.018 and r = &minus, 0.319, p <, 0.001, respectively) and with month 3 assessments (r = 0.695 and r = 0.760, p <, 0.001). Higher SDNN and RMSSD at baseline were associated with self-reported relapses at month 3 (OR = 1.053, 95% CI (1.013&ndash, 1.095), p = 0.009 and OR = 1.065, 95% CI (1.016&ndash, 1.117), p = 0.009), and SDNN at baseline with relapses at month 12 (OR = 1.034, 95% CI (1.009&ndash, 1.059), p = 0.008, ROC, AUC = 0.733, p = 0.002). There were no baseline HRV differences between MS and HC or between subgroups. Post-hoc analysis showed an association with an increased relapse risk.
- Published
- 2020
41. Allergy: Behavioral Treatment, Risk Factors, and Psychosocial Aspects
- Author
-
Yori Gidron
- Subjects
Allergy ,business.industry ,Behavioral treatment ,Medicine ,business ,medicine.disease ,Psychosocial ,Clinical psychology - Published
- 2020
42. Transducer
- Author
-
Yori Gidron
- Published
- 2020
43. Education, Patient
- Author
-
Yori Gidron
- Published
- 2020
44. Sun Exposure
- Author
-
Yori Gidron
- Published
- 2020
45. Explanatory Models of Illness
- Author
-
Yori Gidron
- Published
- 2020
46. Addictive Behaviors
- Author
-
Yori Gidron
- Published
- 2020
47. Applied Behavior Analysis
- Author
-
Yori Gidron
- Published
- 2020
48. Hopelessness
- Author
-
Yori Gidron
- Published
- 2020
49. Discrimination and Health
- Author
-
Yori Gidron
- Published
- 2020
50. Forgiveness
- Author
-
Yori Gidron
- Published
- 2020
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